一般过去时与现在完成时之比较(精选4篇)
1.一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 篇一
一般过去时 与 现在完成时
▲侧重点不同:
现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响或结果
一般过去时侧重于动作发生在过去时间
▲时间状语不同:
现在完成时already,yet,just,never,everbeforefor+时间段,since+时间点// 一般过去时句子一般过去时时间段+ago,just now,yesterday,last week 等表过去的时间状语▲基本结构不同:
一般过去时主语+ was/were//主语+ V.过去式现在完成时主语+ have/has+ P.P.
2.一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 篇二
1. 一般过去时只单纯地表示过去的动作或状态, 和现在不发生联系。
如:Iwasthirstyanddrankfiveglassesofwater.
我口很渴, 喝了五杯水。 (只说明口渴和喝水这一情况, 状态和动作与现在无关。)
2. 现在完成时表示某一完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 强调的是现在的情况。
如:Ihaveadreadydrunkfiveglassesofwater.
我已喝了五杯水。 (说明“我”现在不渴。)
二、和时间的搭配情况
1. 一般过去时常和过去的具体时间连用。如:
Theysawafilm lastweek.
他们上周看了一场电影。 (lastweek为过去具体时间)
2. 现在完成时和时间的搭配情况。
(1) 现在完成时不能直接和过去的具体时间连用。
如:Theyhaveseenthefilm.他们看过这部电影。
(2) 现在完成时可以和for+时间段连用, 也可以和since+具体时间 (表示一段时间起点) 连用。此时句中动词须用延续性动词或相当于延续性动词的短语。如have, be, stay, live等。
如:Wehaven'tseeneachotherforthreemonths.
我们有三个月没见过面。 (虽然see为非延续性动词及瞬间动词, 用否定式来表延续。)
Wehavestayheresince 1998.
从1998年起我们一直住在这儿。 (since+具体时间相当于时间段)
3. 有些时间状语, 如:
this morning/afternoon/week/month/year…, tonight, today等, 既可用于一般过去时, 也可用于现在完成时, 但所表达的意义不同。用于现在完成时表示包括“现在”在内, 用于一般过去时, 则与“现在”无关。
如:Hehascarriedfifteendesksthismorning.
今天早上, 他搬了十五张桌子。 (说话时是早上)
Hecarriedfifteendesksthismorning.
今天早上, 他搬了十五张桌子。 (说话时早上已过)
练习:用所给单词的正确词型填空。
1.Most children_____ (have) a hard life in the past.
2.Great changes_____ (take) place in the past twenty years.
3.My father_____ (work) in Beijing since three years ago.
4. When he_____ (begin) to read this book?
5. you_____ (see) my umbrella?
Yes, I_____ (see) it on your desk a minute ago.
6. The workers_____ (build) three swimming pools this may.
参考答案:1.had;2.havetaken;3.hasworked;
3.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 篇三
1.现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作, 但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系, 如
对现在产生的结果、影响等,而一般过去时则表示动作发生在过去,一般不表示和现在的关系。试比较:① Who has opened the door?谁把门开了?(现在门还开着)
Who opened the door? 谁开的门?(指过去,与现在无关。现在门是关着还是开着,没有说明。)② — Have you had your lunch?你吃过午饭没有?(意即你现在不饿吗?)
— Yes, I have.吃了。(意即我现在饱了,不要再吃了。)
— When did you have it? 你什么时候吃的?(说话人感兴趣的是“吃”这一动作发生在什么时候。)
2.一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, once, last week,...ago, in
1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语:
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till/ until, up to now, in past/last years, always等不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight, this April, now, ever, before, already, recently, lately等。
3.现在完成时表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如 live, teach, learn, work, study, know等。
过去时常用的非延续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。eg.① I saw this film yesterday.(强调看的动作发生过了。)
I have seen this film.(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)
② He has been in the League for three years.(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.(三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。)
句子中如有一般过去时的时间状语(如yesterday, last week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
4.一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 篇四
1.Don’t
(打架)with others.2.What
(其它)do you want to say?
3.I wore my
(运动鞋)for gym class yesterday.4.Don’t eat meals in the
(教室).5.Can we wear
(帽子)in class?
6.She
(have)to be in bed by ten o’clock.7.(not read)in the sun because it’s bad for your eyes.8.Don’t talk
(loud)at home.9.The teacher told me
(not be)late again.10.No
(talk)in class.II.Complete the sentences as required.(20分)
11.We can’t listen to music in the classroom.(改为祈使句)
to music in the classroom.12.Eat in class,please.(改为否定句)
_________
in class,please.13.They have to clean the classroom every day.(对划线部分提问)
they have to _________every day.14.Listen to music in the hallways(改否定句)
listen to music in the hallways.15.She has to wash clothes every week.(改为一般疑问句)
Does she
wash her clothes every day.III.Structure and Grammar.Choose the best answers.(10分)
()16.
Your homework after school.A.Doing
B.To do
C.Do
()17.Don’t arrive late
school.A.loud
B.loudly
C.aloud
()18.Can we
in the hallways?
A.to eat
B.eat
C.eating()19.They have
rules in their class.A.too much
B.much too
C.too many()20.sleeping in class.A.Can’t
B.Don’t
C.No
()21.Please
play volleyball here.A.please
B.do
C.don’t
()22.can you see in the picture?
A.What other
B.What else
C.Other what
()23.Our teacher told us
in class.A.not to eat
B.don’t eat
C.not eat()24.----_________ Tom_______go to bed by ten?
A.Do;has to
B.Does;have to
C.Does;has to()25.My mother was ill,so I________look after her at home.A.must
B.had to
C.could
I 1.fight 2.else 3.sport shoes 4.classroom 5.hates 6.has 7.Don’t read 8.loudly 9.not to be 10.talking II 11.Don’t ,listen 12.Don’t,eat 13.What,do 14.Don’t listen 15.have ,to III 16--20 CBBCC
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