高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总)(9篇)
1.高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总) 篇一
英语语法详解 形容词和副词(一)
内 容 提 要
形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的构成形式基本上一样,它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多音节有关,当然还有其特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一一掌握。
形容词比较级和最高级的形式
一、形容词比较级和最高级的.构成
形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下
构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
① 一般单音节词末尾加?er 和 ?est strong stronger strongest
② 单音节词如果以?e结尾,只加?r 和?st strange stranger strangest
③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,
须先双写这个辅音字母,再加?er和?est sad
big
hot sadder
bigger
hotter saddest
biggest
hottest
④ 少数以?y,?er(或?ure),?ow,?ble结尾的双音节词,
末尾加?er和?est(以?y结尾的词,如?y前是辅音字母,
把y变成i,再加?er和?est,以?e结尾的词仍
只加?r和?st) angry
clever
narrow
noble angrier
cleverer
narrower
nobler angrest
cleverest
narrowest
noblest
⑤其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more
different most
different
二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式:
1.三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most
只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller; 只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest。
但是,以形容前缀?un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况,如unhappy,untidy,我们可以说:unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest
2. 由?ING分词和?ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级
more(most) striking, more(most) interesting, more(most) wounded, more(most)worn等。
3. 英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式
absolute fatal main right universal
chief final naked simulta- utter
entire foremost perfect neous vital
eternal inevitable possible sufficient whole
excellent infinite primary supreme wooden
三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式
good
well better best
bad
ill worse worst
many
much more most
little
few less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
副词比较级和最高级的形式
副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样
一般 副词
hard→harder →hardest
fast→faster →fastest
late→later →latest
early→earlier →earliest
特殊 副词
well →better →best
much →more →most
badly →worse →worst
little →less →least 但是,开放类副词即以后缀?ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加?er或?est,如
quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly
[注]: early中的?ly不是后缀,故可以把?y变?i再加?er和?est
2.形容词和副词比较等级的判断方法 篇二
一、在as, so, too, very, quite等词后,只用原级。例如:
Lucy is as tall as Lily.
Thank you for teaching us so well.
It’s too late.
Tom did very well in the long jump.
She looks quite young.
二、前面有much, even, a little, far, any等词语,特别是后面有than时;并列连词and前后(除nice+and+形容词外);the..., the...结构中;以及who, which等引导的特殊疑问句且后面有or连接两个并列成分时,形容词、副词都要使用比较级。例如:
He is much taller than Tom.
The harder you work, the better you will learn.
He ran faster and faster.
Why don’t you come a little earlier?
Which do you like better, milk or apple juice?
三、在in, of引导的表示“三者或三者以上的……”表比较范围的句子中;who, which等引导的特殊疑问句且后面有or连接的三个或三个以上的并列成分时;“one of+the+形容词+可数名词复数”结构中,常用最高级。注意:形容词最高级前一般要用定冠词,副词最高级前的冠词可省掉。例如:
Wang Hai is the tallest in our class.
Of all the girls, Lucy ran fastest.
Who is the best in English, Li Ming, Zheng Wenyan or He Rui?
English is one of the world’s most important languages.
[提示板] 我们可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式分别来表示最高级。例如:
她是她们班上最好的学生。
原级:No other student in her class is as good as she.
比较级:She is better than any other student in her class.
或No other student in her class is better than she.
最高级:She is the best student in her class.
[考题例析] 均选自近年各省市中考试题:
1. This film is interesting than that one.
A. moreB. much C. veryD. the most
[分析] 在英语中,两者进行比较,强调“一方比另一方……”,可使用“形容词/副词的比较级+than” 结构;三者或三者以上进行比较时,应使用最高级。根据题意,本题应选用比较级,故A 项是正确答案。
2. — Your English is very good.
— But my brother learns it much _____ than I do.
A. good B. wellC. better D. best
[分析] 在英语中,a little, a lot, much, even等词可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级,故本题的正确答案是C项。
3. Don’t worry. Your granny will get __________ .
A. well and well B. better and betterC. well and better D. good and well
[分析] 表示“越来越……” 可以采用“ 比较级+比较级”或“more and more+原级”的结构,如果是单音节的形容词或副词, 则用前一结构;如果是多音节词,则可以用后一种结构,故本题的正确答案是B。
4. China is one of __________ in the world.
A. the oldest countryB. the oldest countries
C. much older countryD. much older countries
[分析] 在英语中,要表示 “其中最……的之一”,应使用“one of+形容词的最高级形式+名词的复数形式 ”。根据题意,本题应选B项。
[真题演练] 请做下面的中考试题:
1. — Which is__________ season in Beijing? (2005年北京市)
— I think it’s autumn.
A. goodB. better C. bestD. the best
2. The second-hand camera is much _____ than that new one.
(2005年北京市)
A. cheapB. cheaperC. dear D. dearest
3. An elephant is _____ than a tiger.(2003年长沙市)
A. heavyB. very heavyC. the heaviestD. heavier
4. “Which animal do you like _____?” “I like all kinds of animals.”
(2006年甘肃省)
A. betterB. bestC. veryD. well
5. — The TV programme is boring. Shall we play chess instead?
— All right. That is _____ than watching a boring TV programme.
(2005年扬州市)
A. very goodB. much goodC. very betterD. much better
6. The river _____ to the sea. It is _____ one in the country.(2006年昆明市)
A. runs, the longest B. runs, a longer
C. is run, the longest D. run, a longest
7. — Which is your favorite vegetable?
— _____ vegetables, I like cabbage _____ .(2006年苏州市)
A. Of, better B. Of all the, bestC. With, betterD. With, best
8. Mary has three brothers. Smith is _____ of the three.(2004年武汉市)
A. most tallB. the tallestC. taller
9. Which do you like _____, tea, milk or juice?(2006年湘潭市)
A. wellB. goodC. betterD. best
10. When winter comes, the days get _____ . (2005年厦门市)
A. short and shortB. shorter and shorter
C. long and longD. longer and longer
3.语法专题4 形容词和副词 篇三
1.(2011·江苏高考)In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are.A.special C.optional B.regional D.original 2.(2011·福建高考)Nowadays, there is a increase in children’s creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.A.sharp B.slight C.natural D.modest 3.(2011·安徽高考)
, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A.Hopefully B.Normally
C.Thankfully D.Conveniently 4.(2011·浙江高考)The professor could tell by the look in Maria’s eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.A.cold B.blank C.innocent D.fresh 5.(2011·浙江高考)I’ve been writing this report for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.A.finally B.immediately D.certainly C.occasionally 6.(2011·浙江高考)My schedule is very right now, but I’ll try to fit you in.A.tight B.short C.regular D.flexible 7.(2011·湖北高考)The old engineer’s eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was , though slow.A.shaky B.heavy C.casual D.steady 8.(2011·湖北高考)An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character;however, they are not always.A.practical B.avoidable C.permanent D.beneficial 9.(2011·湖北高考)The state-run company is required to make its accounts as as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.A.transparent B.reasonable C.secure D.formal 10.(2011·江西高考)She has already tried her best.Please don’t be too about her job.A.special C.unusual B.responsible D.particular 11.(2011·江西高考)The house was too expensive and too big., I’d grown fond of our little rented house.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Somehow D.Otherwise 12.(2011·全国高考Ⅱ)Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a
boss.A.better B.good
C.best D.still better 13.(2011·上海春招)You’d be exposed to a lot
pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.A.more B.most C.less D.least 14.(2011·四川高考)—How was your recent trip to Sichuan? —I’ve never had one before.A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant 15.(2011·江西高考)—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.—Why?It’s than the films I have ever seen.A.far more interesting B.much less interesting C.no more interesting D.any less interesting 16.(2011·全国高考Ⅰ)The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than 17.(2011·全国高考Ⅱ)It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is
another to play it well yourself.A.quite B.very C.rather D.much 18., she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.A.Shy and cautious B.Sensitive and thoughtful C.Honest and confident
D.Lighthearted and optimistic 19.Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life and more , have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.A.easily;efficient B.easier;efficient C.easy;efficiently D.easily;efficiently 20.Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been.A.popular B.more popular D.the most popular C.most popular 21.Father goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there.A.hardly B.seldom C.sometimes D.never 22.Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have schedules to make it easier to care for their children.A.heavy B.smooth C.flexible D.complex 23.(2012·武汉部分学校新起点调研)Though your status is permanent, your identification card is only for 20 years and has to be renewed regularly.A.valid B.convenient C.temporary D.secure 24.The island is attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.A.partly B.merely C.nearly D.equally
## 答案:
一、演练提升
1.C 句意:在那所学校, 英语是所有学生必修的, 但是法语和俄语则是可以选修的。special “特殊的, 特别的”;regional “地区的, 区域的”;optional “可选的, 并非必须的”;original “起初的, 原来的”。
2.A sharp “锐利的, 明显的”;slight “轻微的”;natural “自然的”;modest “谦虚的”。由第二句中的they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents可知, 孩子们的创造力应该明显提高。句意:目前, 孩子们的创造力明显提高, 因为他们被极大地鼓舞去发展他们的才能。故选A项。
3.C hopefully “有希望地, 有前途地”;normally “正常地, 一般地, 通常, 常态地”;thankfully “感谢地, 感激地”;conveniently “方便地, 便利地”。句意:谢天谢地, 我设法通过了比赛, 因而为此所受的苦最终是值得的。
4.B cold “冷的, 冷淡的”;blank “茫然的, 无表情的”;innocent “天真的, 清白的, 无辜的”;fresh “新鲜的, 清新的”。句意:从玛丽亚茫然的眼神中, 教授能够断定她根本不明白他讲课的内容。故选B项。
5.C finally “最后”;immediately “立刻, 马上”;occasionally “偶尔, 有时候, 不时地”;certainly “当然, 必定”。
6.A tight “紧的, 密封的, 没空的”;short “短的, 短缺的”;regular “定期的, 有规律的”;flexible “灵活的”。句意:我的日程现在安排很紧, 但我会尽力为你腾出时间。故选A项。7.D shaky “摇晃的”;heavy “沉重的”;casual “随便的”;steady “稳定的”。句意:这位年迈的工程师穿过房间, 脚步很慢却步伐稳健, 布满皱纹的古铜色的脸上目光炯炯。故D项符合句意。8.C practical “实际的, 实用的”;avoidable “可以避免的”;permanent “永久的, 持久的”;beneficial “有益的”。句意:一个不幸的童年或许会对一个人的性格产生消极影响, 然而这些影响也不会一直持久存在下去。故C项正确。
9.A transparent “透明的”;reasonable “合理的”;secure “安全的”;formal “正式的”。句意:国有企业被要求账务做得尽可能公开透明, 让全体员工都能监督资金的使用。故A项正确。10.D 句意:她已经尽力了, 请不要对她太苛刻。根据题意可知答案为D项, particular “挑剔的, 苛刻的”。A项 “特别的”;B项 “负责的”;C项 “不同寻常的”。
11.A 根据题中 “The house was too expensive and too big” 可知, 这座房子太大又太昂贵, 而且说话人越来越喜欢自己租的小房子, 由此可知前后两句为递进关系。故选A项。
12.A “can’t/couldn’t + 比较级” 表达最高级含义。注意 “——” 表示解释说明, 根据前一句 “Mr Stevenson is great to work for” 可知, 史蒂文森是一个不错的老板, 因此说 “我真的不能找到一个比他更好的老板了”。
13.C 句意:如果我们搬到空气清新、水质纯净的小镇去, 我们受到的污染将会少得多。空格前的a lot修饰比较级more或less;根据后面的语意选C项。
14.B 当形容词或副词的比较级与否定词连用时, 表示最高级含义。句意:——你最近去四川的旅行怎么样?——这是我经历过的最快乐的一次。
15.A 根据题中 “not a bit interesting” 可知, 说话人认为这部电影实在是没意思。再根据答语中 “Why” 可知, 第二个人并不同意第一个人的看法, 所以答案为A项。far more “多得多, 更加”。
16.B rather than意为 “而不是”;other than意为 “除了”;more than意为 “超过, 不仅仅”;better than意为 “好于”。句意:这张表格除了你本人外, 不能由任何人代签。
17.A quite another表示 “完全不同”。句意:喜欢听好音乐是一回事, 但你自己演奏得好完全是另一回事。
18.D 此处四个选项均为形容词作状语。shy and cautious “腼腆而谨慎”;sensitive and thoughtful “敏感而多思”;honest and confident “诚实而自信”;lighthearted and optimistic “无忧无虑而乐观向上”。句意:无忧无虑而乐观向上, 她是那种通过微笑向人们播撒阳光的女人。19.B 句意:虽然计算机和移动电话的确在使我们的生活变得更便捷更高效,但这些东西已减少了面对面交流的需要。make our life easier and more efficient “使我们的生活更便捷更高效”。reduce the need for “减少„„的需要”。
20.B 根据主句的意思 “布莱克先生非常高兴” 可知, 他们厂生产的服装应该是 “受欢迎的”;否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用表示最高级的概念。
21.C hardly “几乎不”;seldom “很少, 不常”;sometimes “有时”;never “从不”。句意:父亲有时和我们一起去体育馆, 尽管他不喜欢去那儿。
22.C heavy “重的”;smooth “顺利的,平滑的”;flexible “灵活的, 易弯曲的”;complex “复杂的”。句意:走出家门的职业妈妈们应该有灵活的时间安排以便能更容易地照顾孩子。由此可知, C项正确。
4.中考英语形容词与副词的误用分析 篇四
1. 以-ing结尾和以-ed结尾的形容词的误用
主要表现在部分同学没有弄清以-ing结尾的形容词和以-ed结尾的形容词的用法,该用以-ing结尾的形容词时却用了以-ed结尾的形容词,该用以-ed结尾的形容词时却用了以-ing结尾的形容词。我们还是拿真题来分析吧:
例1:(2014年 江苏省泰州市)
—What ____news! The Chinese Women’s Badminton Team won the Uber Cup again.
—Really? That’s great!
A. interesting B. interested C. exciting D. excited
分析:这道题考查形容词修饰名词,部分同学对以-ing结尾和以-ed结尾的形容词用法不是很清楚,因此会错误地选D。实际上,以-ing结尾的形容词是修饰物的,表示主动意义,表示事物的特征或性质,因此这里应该用以-ing结尾的形容词,根据句意应该是“多么令人兴奋的消息啊!” interesting是“有趣的”,exciting是“令人兴奋的”。
答案:C。
下一题同时考查了这两种形容词:
例2:(2013年 四川省遂宁市)Everyone was
when they heard the _____ news.
A. exciting;exciting B. excited;exciting
C. exciting;excited D. excited;excited
分析:在这里,没能记住这两类形容词用法的同学会认为以-ing结尾的形容词修饰人或者以人为主语,而以-ed结尾的形容词修饰物或者以物为主语,因此肯定会选择C。实际上,如果我们掌握了其用法,就容易看出:第一个空是人做主语,而以-ed结尾的形容词表示被动意义,一般修饰人,表示人的感觉,应该用excited,而第二个空修饰物,所以用exciting。
答案:B。
2. 颠倒不定代词和不定副词与形容词的位置
中考常常考查同学们对形容词修饰不定代词或不定副词时的位置的掌握情况。形容词修饰不定代词和不定副词时,应该放在不定代词和不定副词的后面。部分同学由于对该语法知识掌握得不太好,很容易把形容词放在不定代词和不定副词前面。下面我们来看看真题:
例3:(2007年 山东省潍坊市)
—Is there in today’s newspaper?
—No, there’s _____ .
A. anything special;something unusual
B. anything special;nothing unusual
C. special anything;nothing unusual
D. special anything;unusual nothing
分析:这里考查的是形容词修饰不定代词时的位置关系。形容词修饰不定代词时应该放在不定代词之后,且第一个句子为问句,只能用anything special。第二句根据句意,应该是“没有不寻常的”,故选B。若我们不知道形容词修饰不定代词时的位置关系,则有可能根据汉语意思直译而选择D。
答案:B。
例4:(2013年 湖南省益阳市)You have just read the newspaper. Did you find _____in it?
A. interesting anything B. anything interesting
C. interesting something D. something interesting
分析:本题考查形容词修饰不定代词时的位置关系。形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后。本题为问句,应用anything interesting,故选B。若我们没能掌握这一语法知识,就会以为形容词应该用在前面,就会误选A。
答案:B。
3. 误用形容词和副词
中考中经常考查形容词和副词在句子中的用法,即考查我们什么时候该用形容词,何时该用副词。一般来说,系动词后用形容词(形容词还可以做定语修饰名词),而行为动词后应该用副词。但部分同学由于没掌握这一语法知识,经常出差错。我们还是用真题来分析一下这类错误:
例5:(2015年 广东省)The final exam is very important. We must treat it _____.
A. serious B. seriously C. careless D. carelessly
分析:这里考查的是形容词和副词在句中的用法区分及辨析。部分同学不知道行为动词treat后面应该用副词,根据句意就会错误地选择A。实际上,行为动词后面应该用副词,A选项的serious和C选项的careless均为形容词,因此可以排除A 和C。我们可知句意为:期末考试非常重要,我们必须认真对待,因此应该选择B。
nlc202309050214
答案:B。
例6:(2013年 山东省青岛市) It is _____ that Mr. Guo sailed the world by himself _____ within about 130 days.
A. terrified;successful B. scary;successfully
C. amazing;successfully D. scarily;successful
分析:本题考查形容词和副词在句中的用法及词义辨析。部分同学没能记住形容词和副词在句中的用法,误以为副词用在系动词后,行为动词后面应该接形容词,因此会错误地选择D。 而掌握了形容词和副词在句中用法的同学就不难判断:第一个空做表语,应用形容词,根据句意应该用amazing;而sailed为行为动词,因此后面应该接副词successfully。
答案:C。
4. 误用enough与形容词、副词的位置
由于部分同学不清楚形容词、副词与enough连用时的位置关系,因此会根据汉语意思来答题,把本应放在形容词、副词后面的enough放在形容词、副词的前面。我们一起用真题来分析一下:
例7:(2006年 湖北省孝感市)Don’t worry. She is _____, so she can look after your pet _____.
A. careful enough;careful enough
B. enough careful;enough carefully
C. careful enough;carefully enough
D. enough careful;carefully enough
分析:第一个空,is 后面接形容词,enough与形容词连用时应该后置,应该用careful enough。第二个空,look后面接副词,enough与副词连用时也应后置,因此应该用carefully enough,故本题应选C。部分同学可能会根据汉语意思认为形容词、副词应放在enough 之后,这样就会错误地选择B。
答案:C。
5. 形容词、副词的比较级等级用法错误
(1)误以为the 后面一定接最高级。其实“the+比较级,the +比较级”,表示“越……越……”的意思。这是一个固定用法,我们还是用真题来分析:
例8:(2015年 黑龙江省哈尔滨市)Boys and girls, believe in yourselves. The _____ you are, the better grades you’ll get.
A. more careful B. more carefully
C. most carefully D. most careful
分析:本题考查形容词和副词的比较等级。部分同学不知道“the+比较级,the +比较级”,表示“ 越……越……”的意思,一看见the,就以为只能用最高级,系动词后接形容词,就会选择D。而掌握了这一语法知识的同学可以很容易判断出答案。
答案:A。
(2)误用比较级和最高级。部分同学不能够根据比较范围来判断该用比较级还是最高级。比较级中一般有than这一标志词,同学们不难判断。最高级我们一般应该根据其比较范围的短语来判断,如“ of all/the three..., in the class, in China...”,没能掌握这一语法知识的同学就容易出错。我们来看一下真题:
例9:(2015年 广东省广州市)Emma looked after her pet dog _____ of all her friends.
A. careful B. most careful
C. more carefully D. the most carefully
分析:本题考查形容词和副词的比较等级。部分不知道根据比较范围“of all her friends”来分析判断的同学就会很纠结,不知道是应该用比较级还是最高级,有可能会选C。而知道根据比较范围来判断的同学就知道,“of all her friends”(在她所有的朋友中),肯定是三个或三个以上,毫无疑问用最高级。look后接副词,应用the most carefully。
答案:D。
(3)误用同级比较。部分同学以为只要是两者比较就用比较级,忘了同级比较应该用形容词和副词的原级。其分两种情况:甲等于乙,用“as +原级+ as”表示;甲不如乙,用“not as (so)+原级+ as”表示。我们还是用真题来分析:
例10:(2015年 湖南省衡阳市)Look! This house is as _____ as that one.
A. the most beautiful B. more beautiful
C. beautiful D. beautifully
分析:本题考查同级比较。因为只有两者进行比较,部分同学会误认为用比较级more beautiful,会选B。知道同级比较“as +原级+ as”的同学就容易判断用beautiful,应选C。其实只要我们掌握了相应的语法知识,答题还是很容易的。
答案:C。
同学们,为了避免出现以上错误,我们在复习形容词和副词用法时应该做到:掌握以-ing结尾和以-ed结尾的形容词的用法;牢记形容词修饰不定代词和不定副词时应该后置;学会正确运用形容词和副词;了解系动词后接形容词,形容词做定语修饰名词,以及行为动词后接副词;掌握形容词和副词与enough连用时应该放在enough之前;学会根据比较范围“of all/the three..., in the class, in China...”来判断应该用比较级还是最高级;掌握“the+比较级,the +比较级”,表示“越……越……”的意思;记住当甲等于乙时,用“as +原级+ as”表示,甲不如乙时,用“not as (so)+原级+ as”表示。很显然,只要我们掌握了这些语法知识,在中考中遇到形容词和副词用法时,我们就能轻松应对,而且不会出现任何差错。
5.高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总) 篇五
2. 有些以ly结尾的次既为形容词,也为副词: daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early等.
3. 某些形容词加上顶冠词泛指一类人, 谓语用复数.如:the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the blind, the hungry等.
4. 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词只这个民族的整体,谓语用复数.
如: the British, the English, the French, the Chinese等
5. 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序为: 限定词+数量词(序数词前,基数词后) +性状+大小长短高低等+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词.
a famous German medical school
these three beautiful large square old brown wood table
6. 副词的位置:
在动词前,be动词,助动词后, 当有多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后.
7. 副词的排列顺序:
①时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后
②方式副词, 短的在前, 长的在后, 并用and或but, or等连词连接.
③多个不同副词排列: 程度+地点+方式+时间副词.
注意:
① 副词very可以修饰形容词, 但不能修饰动词.
② 副词enough要放在形容词的后面,但放在名词的前后都可.
8. 兼有两种形式的副词
close近late 晚 deep 空间深度
closely 仔细地 lately 最近deeply 感情上的深
high 空间高度 wide 空间宽度 free 免费(for free)
highly 表程度=much widely 广泛地 freely 自由地
在许多地方
9. as + adj./adv. 原级+as 的注意点
① 在否定或疑问句中可用so---as---
② 当as---as 中有名词时采用以下格式:
as + adj. +a + 单数n. 或 as many/much + n. + as
10 .倍数的表达方式:
the +比较级+than
倍数+ as + adj. 原级+as
the +n. + of n. 为: length, size, weight, width, height, age, number 等.
10. 当后有选择范围时,强调两者中的更--- 且后有名词时则可在比较级前加冠词.
Which is larger, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is the taller of the two sisters.
She is taller than her two sisters.
11. 可修饰比较级的词有:
much , even, still, a little, a bit, a lot, lots, a great, deal, any , rather , fat, by far 等.
可修饰最高级的词有:
by far, far, much, mostly, almost 和序数词
12. many, old, far
①有: many more + 可数名词
much more + 不可数名词
plenty + more+可/不可数
②old 的比较级和最高级 elder / eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系
③ far 的两种: farther / further 都可表距离, 但常用further 来表示进一步.
13. 形容词most前面没有the 不表示最高级而是表示”非常”相当于very
It is a most important problem.
14. “否定词+比较级” 或”否定词+ so---as” 结构表示最高级含义
Nothing is so easy as this. = Nothing is easier than this. = This is the easiest thing.
15. such 和so 的用法注意点:
① so +adj. +a /an + 单数n. .
② so +adj. / adv.
③ so + many / much/ few/ little(少)+ n.
④ such + adj. + 复数n./不可数n.
⑤ such + a/ an + adj. + 复数n
16. the more --- the more---
more than 不只是/不仅仅, 非常
no more than 仅仅
not more ---than 不比---多 no less--- than 比---一样
more B than A 与其说A不如说B
He is more lazy than slow at his work.
He is no more diligent than you
He is more than kind than you.
17. fairly/ rather/quite/pretty/very/ too 的使用总结
① 就语气强弱而言: fairly < quite② fairly 修饰表示褒义的形容词或副词
③ rather用以修饰一些表示贬义的形容词,可以和比较级或too连用
④ rather a 或 a rater , 而quite a
6.高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总) 篇六
1.形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。做定语时修饰名词或代词(一般为不定代词),修饰名词时常放于名词前,修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后,做表语时和系动词(简称系词)连用,构成一个系表结构。例如: Can you hear the loud noise?(定语)The noise is very loud.(表语)The quiet girl is my sister.(定语)My sister looks very quiet.(表语)
2.常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有: look(看起来,看上去),feel(感觉),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),get(变得),turn(变),become(成为,变得),sound(听起来)等。
例如:The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香。The soup taste nice.3.副词是用以修饰动词,形容词,其他副词以及全句的词 例如: The men and the women walk quickly.这些男女走得很快。The children walk slowly.孩子们走得很慢。1.原级的构成和用法
l)构成:形容词,副词的原级形式是形容词,副词的原形.
2)用法:表示双方在程度,性质,特征等某方面相等时,用“ as 十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构;表示双方不相等时,用“ not so(as)十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构;表示一方是另一方的若干倍时,用“倍数十 as十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构. 例如:This building looks not so(as)high as that one. Ms.Sun speaks English as well as you. This room is three times as large as that one.2.比较级的构成和用法 1)比较级和最高级的构成:
①单音节形容词以及少数以-er,-ow结尾的形容词和副词加“ er”/ “est” great greater narrow narrower fast faster clever cleverer ②以 e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以-ble,-ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后,加“ r”,.large larger able abler simple simpler ③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词,其前的元音字母发短元音时,该辅音字母要双写,然后加“ er”,“.hot hotter ④以辅音加 y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加 ly构成的副词要将 y改为 i,再加“ er”,easy easier early earlier happy happier ⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前
beautiful more beautiful carefully more carefully ⑥少数单音节形容词也加 more和 most构成比较级。tired more tired pleased more pleased ⑦下列形容词、副词的比较级可有两种构成方法.
cruel crueler more cruel often oftener more often strict stricter more strict friendly friendlier more friendly ⑧下列形容词,副词的比较级的构成不规则.
good,well better bad, ill worse many,much more little less far farther further old elder/older 2)比较级的用法
①双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级十 than”的结构表示. 例如: This pen is better than that one.②表示一方不及另一方时,用“ less十原级十 than”的结构表示.例如: This room is less beautiful than that one.
③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较前加表示程度的状语,如:even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far,yet,by far等修饰. 例如:He works even harder than before.
注意:英语的比较级前如无 even,still,或 yet等时,译成汉语时可用“较”或“„„一些”或不译出,一般不可用“更”,如: She is better than she was yesterday.她比昨天好些了. Please come earlier tomorrow. 请明天早点来. 注意:by far通常用于强调最高级.用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面,如在前面,应在二者中间加“ the”.如 He is taller by far than his brother He is by far the taller of the two brothers.④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时,用“ the 十比较级(主语十谓语),the 十比 较级(主语十谓语)”的结构.
例如: The harder he works,the happier he feels.
⑤不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级十 and十比较级”的结构.如: The weather is getting colder and colder.The girl becomes more and more beautiful.
⑥某些以一or结尾的形容词进行比较时,用 to代替 than.(这些词有inferior,superior,junior,senior,prior等.例如:
He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.
⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复,我们通常用 that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物,one既可指人,也可指物.that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词.例如:
The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood. ⑧表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
A)A is three(four,ete)times the size(height,length,width,ete)of B 例如; The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍]).
7.高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总) 篇七
形容词
三、形容词(adj.) 表示人和事物的特征,对名词起修饰和描绘作用
四、副词(adv.)表示动作特征或性状,主要修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子
(一)形容词的用法及位置
1.形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等,作定语时一般放在名词前。
Eg. She has short hair.(作定语)
Paul is tall.(作表语)
We must keep our room clean.(作宾补)
2.形容词修饰不定代词时放在其后。
eg.She has something important to tell us./
There’s nothing wrong in the sentence.
(二)副词的种类、用法及位置
1.副词的种类
(1)时间副词
①表示大体时间:now,then,yesterday,today, tonight,before,justnow,recently,so far
②表示频率:always,usually,often,sometimes.seldom,never
③其它作用:already,yet,late,early,soon,at once,immediately,atfirst,at last,finally
(2)地点副词
①表地点:here,there,home,abroad,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,
nowhere,somewhere.
②表位置关系(后接宾语时,用作介词):
above,below,round,around,down,up,in,out,inside,outside,across,back,along,over,
away,near,off,past
(3)方式副词表示谓语动词“怎样地”,(此类副词大部分由形容词加ly构成):
badly,bravely,gratefully,calmly,carefully,carelessly,nervously,proudly,patiently,
politely,sadly,properly,rapidly,
wrongly,suddenly.
(4)程度副词 多数用来修饰形容词或副词:much,(a)little,a bit,very,sO,too,enough,quite,rather,completely,terribly,deeply,nearly,almost,hardly
(5)疑问副词 构成特殊疑问句:how,when, where,why
(6)连接副词 连接主语、宾语或表语从句:how,when,where,why
(7)关系副词 引导定语从句:when,where,why
(8)其它性质的副词对整个句子进行说明,一般用逗号与主句隔开:
frankly(坦率地说,说真的),generally(一般说来),luckily(幸运地是),first of all(首先)等。
2.副词的用法及位置
(1)修饰动词作状语
①多数位于动词之后,及物动词的宾语或介问的宾语之后。
eg.The farmers are working hard in the field.
She speaks English well.
The nurse looks after the babies carefully.
②频度副词放在动词前,情态动词和助动词之后。
eg.He always goes to school On foot.
She was often late for school.
I have never been to Beijing・
(2)修饰形容词作状语,放在形容词前。
eg.He has a very nice watch.
The box is too heavy.
(3)修饰另一副词作状语,放在另一副词前。
eg.She paints quite well.
You speak too fast.I can’t understand you.
(4)作表语,放在系动词后。
eg.Is anybody in?
(5)作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。
eg.I saw him out just now.
(6)作定语,放在名词之后。
eg.There is a man:here On vacation.
(7)疑问副词、修饰整个句子的副词以及perhaps,first,sometimes,finally等副词,一般放在句首。
eg.Finally,I finished the work.
Perhaps he’s watching TV at home.
(8)表示程度的副词一般放在被修饰词前,而enough则放在它所修饰的词后。
eg. He is old enough to go to school.
(三)形容词和副词的比较等级
1.比较级、最高级的构成
(1)单音节和少数双音节词
①一般在词尾加er或est
great――greater――greatest,young――younger――youngest,slow→slower→slowest
②以e结尾的只加r或st
nice――nicer――nicest,large――larger―largest.
③以辅音字母加y结尾的,先变y为i,再加er或est
heavy――heavier――heaviest, easy――easier――>easiest,
busy――busier――busiest, funny――funnier――+funniest,
early――earlier→earliest
④以重读闭音节结尾的词,先双写最末的一个辅音字母,再加er或est
big――bigger――biggest, thin――thinner――>thinnest,fat―fatter→fattest,
fitt―fitter→fittest
(2)多音节和部分双音节词,前加more为比较级,加(the)most为最高级
careful→more careful――most careful
useful――more useful――most useful
popular→more popular→most popular
carelessly――more carelessly――most carelessly
(3)不规则变化的.词
good/well→better→best
bad/ill/badly→worse→worst
many/much→more→most
little→less→least
old→older/elder→oldest(指年龄大小)/eldest(指长幼顺序)
far→farther/further→farthest(指距离)/furthest(指程度)
2.形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法
(1)形容词和副词比较级的用法
①用于两者比较,表示“比…更…”:
“A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B,
eg.I am two years older than my little sister.
“A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B:
eg. She gets to school earlier than the other students.
②用于两者之间的同级比较,表示“…和…一样”:
“A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+B,
eg.Bill is as funny as his father.
“A+谓语动词+as+副词原级+as+B”
eg.Lucy speaks Chinese as well as Lily.
③表示甲在某方面不如乙:
“A+系动词+notas/so+形容i司原级+as十B”
eg.These books aren’t as interesting as those.
“A+助动词/情态动词+not+谓语动词+aS/SO+B”
eg.She didn’t sing sO well that night as she usually does.
④表示某个范围内的两者相比:
“A十动词十the+比较级+of短语(比较范围)” eg.Penny is the taller of the two girls.Penny是这两个女孩中较高的一个。
⑤表示“越来越…”:“比较级+and+比较级”
eg.In spring the days are getting longer and longer. 在春天,白天变得越来越长。
⑥表示“越…越…”:“the+比较级…the+比较级”
eg.The mort:you practice using English,the better you’ll learn it 你英语练得越多,就会学得越好。
①可以用much,far,even,a bit,a little,a lot等修饰比较级表示程度,但决不可用very修饰。
eg.Tom is a little taller than Mike.Tom比Mike稍高一点;
it is even colder today than yesterday. 今天甚至比昨天更冷
⑧在比较级中,为了避免重复,可用that或those代替前面提到过的事情。
eg.The weather here is much hotter than that Ofour hometown.这儿比我的老家热得多。
The pants in this shop are a lot better than those in that shop.这家商店的裤子比那家商店的裤子质量好得多。
(3)形容词和副词最高级的用法
对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the,副词最高级前可加the,也可省掉the;后面可带of/in短浯来说明比较范围:
“主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语/in短语”
eg.She is the youngest Of all.
“A+谓语动词+(the)+最高级+of短语/in短语”
8.高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总) 篇八
形容词
中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级,比较级和最高级的各种句型、形容词作定语的位置、易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。其中,形容词比较等级句型、形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing时的位置,易混淆的形容词用法辨析等是考查的热点。
一、形容词的一般用法
1.作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。
例:It‟s a cold and windy day.2.作表语,放在系动词的后面。
例:He looks happy today.3.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。
例:Would you like something hot to drink?
4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。
例:How long is the river? It‟s about two hundred metres long.5.只能作表语的形容词:afraid害怕;alone独自的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;alive活着的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened害怕的 例:The man is ill.(正)
The ill man is my uncle.(误)
6.只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的
例:My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)
My brother is elder in Beijing.(误)
7.貌似副词的形容词:lonely独自的;friendly友好的;lively生动的;lovely可爱的 8.复合形容词:snow-white雪白的 english-speaking说英语的;glass-topped玻璃罩的;full-time全日制的;well-known众所周知的;kind-hearted善良的;man-made人造的;take-away可以带走的;ten-year-old十岁的。
二、多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:
限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,长幼,颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词
a small round table 一张小圆桌
a tall white building 一幢高大的白色建筑物
a dirty old black shirt 一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣
a famous american medical school 一个非常著名的美国医学院
三、形容词常用句型
1.“it‟s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。
注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。
例:It‟s very kind of you to help me.(=you are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我,真好。
It‟s very rude of her to say such words.(=she is very rude to say such words.)她说这样的话,真粗鲁。
It‟s foolish of him to go alone.(=he is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了。
2.“it‟s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。
注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等。
例:It‟s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=to learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。
It‟s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=to listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是非常重要的。
It‟s necessary for us to get to school on time.(=to get to school on time is necessary for us.)对于我们来说按时到校是非常必要的。
3.表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad(高兴的),pleased(高兴的),sad(忧伤的),thankful(感激的)等常接不定式。
例:Glad to see you.见到你非常高兴。
I‟m very sad to hear the bad news.听到这个坏新闻,我非常难过。
4.表示能力和意志的形容词,如ready(乐意的,有准备的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等常接不定式。
例:Lei feng is always ready to help others.雷锋总是乐于助人。
He is sure to get to school on time.他一定会按时到校。
副词
中考试题对副词的考查涉及常用副词的用法、副词等级的各种句型、易混淆的副词用法辨析等。其中,频度副词always,often,usually,sometimes,never,时间副词already,yet,still,just,疑问副词how,why,when,where,程度副词enough,quite以及too,also,either等的用法区别,副词比较等级句型是考查的热点。
一、副词的分类
副词按词汇意义可分为:
方式副词:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly
程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite
地点副词:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home,时间副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still
频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never
否定副词:no,not,neither,nor,疑问副词:where,how,why
其他:also,too,only
二、副词的基本用法:
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
例:We should listen to our teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。
He is very happy today.他今天非常高兴。
“What happened?”I asked,rather angrily.“发生什么事情了?”我相当生气地问。
In spring,i can see flowers everywhere.在春天,我到处都能看到花。
三、常见副词用法辨析
1.already与yet的区别
already用于肯定句句中,表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末,表示“还”,用于疑问句句末,表示“已经”
例:He had already left when i called.当我给他打电话时,他已经离开了。
Have you found your ruler yet?
你已经找到你的尺子了吗?
I haven‟t finished my homework yet.我还没有完成作业。
注意:already还可以表示惊奇,惊讶等语气,常用于疑问句句末
例:Has your son gone to school already?你的儿子已经上学了吗?(表示很惊讶)
2.very,much和very much.的区别
very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用very much.例:John is very honest.约翰非常诚实。
This garden is much bigger than that one.这个花园比那个大的多。
Thank you very much.非常感谢你
3.so与such的区别
⑴so修饰形容词或副词;such 修饰名词,例: My brother runs so fast that i can‟t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
He is such a boy.他是一个这样的孩子。
⑵so修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数的可数名词,其结构是“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”.such可以修饰可数名词单复数和不可数名词,名词前可以有形容词作定语,其结构是“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”,“such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”,.例:He is so clever a boy.=he is such a clever boy.他是一个如此聪明的孩子。
It is such cold weather.这么冷的天气。(正)
It is so cold weather.(误)
They are such good students.他们是那么好的学生。(正)They are so good students.(误)
⑶如果可数名词复数前有many,few或不可数名词前有much,little修饰,用so不用such.例:so many(如此多的);so few(如此少的)可以加可数名词复数
so much(如此多的);so little(如此少的)可以加不可数名词
4.also,too,as well与either 的区别
also,as well,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;as well,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。
例:My father is a teacher.my mother is also a teacher.=My father is a teacher.my mother is a teacher as well.=My father is a teacher.my mother is a teacher,too.我爸爸是一名老师,我妈妈也是。
I can‟t speak french..jenny can‟t speak french,either.我不会说法语,詹妮也不会。
5.sometime,sometimes,some time与some times的区别
sometime:某一时间,某一时刻,可指将来时,也可指过去时
sometimes:有时,不时的 some time:一段时间
some times:几次,几倍
.例:We‟ll have a test sometime next month.下个月的某一时间,我们要进行一次测试。
Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not.有时我们很忙,有时不忙。
He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.他去年在北京呆了一段时间。
I have been to Beijing some times.我去过北京好几次。
6.ago与before的区别
ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。
before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。
例如,I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分钟之前看到的他。
He told me that he had seen the film before.他告诉我他以前看过这场电影。
7.now,just与just now的区别
now:与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在”
just:与现在完成时、过去完成时连用,表示“刚……”
just now:和过去时连用,表示“刚才”
例:Where does he live now?他现在住哪里?
We have just seen the film.我们刚看过这场电影。
He was here just now.他刚才在这里。
形容词、副词的比较级、最高级
一、规则变化
1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest
5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
二、不规则变化
下列单、双音节词只能加more和most.形容词,副词等级的用法
一、原级的用法
1.只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too
例:He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
My brother runs so fast that i can„t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2.原级常用的句型结构
(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”
例:Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。
Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。
“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”
例:Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。
Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。
(2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例:This room is not as/so big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。
“甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…
例:He doesn‟t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。
二、比较级的用法
1.可以修饰比较级的词,much,a lot,far,…的多a little,a bit,…一点儿
even甚至,still仍然
例:Lesson one is much easier than lesson two.第一课比第二课容易得多。
Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。
This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。
She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。
2.比较级常用的句型结构
(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”
例:Tom is taller than kate.汤姆比凯特高。
This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。
“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”
例:I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。
He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
(2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都…”,含义是“甲最…”。
例:The Yangtze river is longer than any other river in china.=The Yangtze river is longer than any of the other rivers in china.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。
=The Yangtze river is longer than the other rivers in china.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。
=The Yangtze river is the longest river in china.长江是中国最长的河流。
注意:The Yangtze rivers longer than any river in japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。
“甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都…”,含义是“甲最…”。
例:Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。
Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。
注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom‟s class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。(迈克和汤姆不是同一个班)
(3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+…”表示“甲是两者中较…的”。
例:Look at the two boys.my brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩,我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。
(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越…”。
例:He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。
The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。
He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。
(5)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越…,越…”。
例:The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you‟ll make.你越认真,犯的错误越少。
(6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,甲or乙?”
例:Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?
哪一个大,地球还是月球?
“特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级,甲or乙?”
例:Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?谁画得比较好,詹妮还是丹尼?
3.最高级常用句型结构
(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“…是…中最…的”。
例:Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。
This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。
“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“…是…中最…的”。
例:I jump(the)farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。
(2)“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“…是…中最…之一”。
例:Beijing is one of the largest cities in china.北京是中国最大城市之一。
(3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较。
例:Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?
哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?
“特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较
例:Which season do you like(the)best,spring,summer or autumn? 你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天?
例题剖析:
1.I have_____to do today.A.anything important B.something important C.important nothing D.important something
答案B.形容词修饰复合不定代词时应放在其后面。故排除C、D,句意是“我今天有重要的事情要做”,表示肯定用something。
2.-Is chemistry more difficult than physics?
-No,chemistry isn‟t as____as physics.A.easy B.difficult C.easier D.more difficult
答案B.(not)as…as中应接形容词原级,结合上句“化学没有物理难”,故B是正确的。
3.Beijing is becoming___and_ _.A.more beautiful,more
B.beautiful,beautiful
C.more,more beautiful
D.more beautiful,more beautiful
答案C.比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越…”,多音节的形容词“more and more+形容词”。
4.______ children there are in a family,_____their life will be.A.the less,the better B.the fewer,the better C.fewer,richer D.more,poorer
答案B.the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越……越……”,由句意得知“家里孩子越少,生活会越好”。children是可数名词,应用few来修饰。
5.The experiment was ________ easier than we had expected.A.more B.much more C.much D.more much
答案C.much可修饰比较级,easier本身已是比较级,不能再用more.Oct 15th was one of ________ days in 2003.the shenzhou-v was sent up successfully.A.exciting
B.more exciting C.the most exciting D.much exciting
答案c根据“one of+最高级+复数名词”固定句型应选c。
7.It‟s seven o‟clock in the afternoon,but they are ______ having a meeting.A.already B.still C.yet D.ever
答案B.still意为“仍旧,仍然”,这句话的意思是:现在已经是下午七点,他们仍旧在开会。
8.Remember not to speak _______ when we are in the reading room.A.fast B.slowly C.politely D.loudly
答案D.“在阅览室里不要大声说话”,副词loudly修饰动词speak.9.“______ has this food store been in business?” “Since 2001.”
A.how long B.how often C.how old D.how soon
答案A.“since+过去时间点”为“从过去的某一时间到现在”,表示一段时间,故选“how long”.10.-What was the weather like yesterday?
-It was terrible.it rained so ___ that people could ____ go out.A.hardly…hard
B.hardly…hardly
C.hard…hardly
D.hard…hard
答案C.rain在句中是动词,作谓语,后面用副词修饰,hard作副词,是“猛烈地”的意思,hardly是“几乎不”的意思。
同步练习:
1.What a ____ cough!you seem_____ill.A.terrible,terribly B.terribly,terrible C.terrible,terrible D.terribly,terribly
2.I feel even_____now.A.bad B.well C.worsed
D.worst
3.She was very happy.she ran_____of all the runners.A.fastest
B.the quickest
C.slowest
D.quickly
4.Keep quiet,please.it‟s_____noisy here.A.many too B.too many
C.much too
D.too much
5.-Have you _____ spoken to a foreigner?
-No,_____.A.already,never B.ever,never
C.yet,already
D.ever,ever
6.He is taller than_________in his class.A.any boy B.any
C.any other boy
D.some other boys
7.I‟ll go and visit you ____ next week.A.sometime B.sometimes C.some times D.some time
8.The car is running________.it seems to be flying.A.more and faster
B.more and fast
C.fast and fast
D.faster and faster
9.English is as _____ as chinese.you should learn it well.A.important
B.more important C.the most important D.much more important
10.Music is not so useful as science.it‟s ________ useful than science.A.fewer B.less C more D.a lot
11.We‟ve never heard of_____story before.A.such a strange B.such strange C.so a strange D.so strange
12.You must wear glasses.they can keep your eyes______.A.soft B.safe C.safely D.safety
13.Pass my glasses to me,jack.i can_____read the words in the newspaper.A.hardly B.really C clearly D.rather
14.Three years _______,he become a driver.A.late B.later C.lately
D.more lately
15.He is ______ enough to carry the heavy box.A.stronger
B.much stronger C.strong D.the strongest
16.I bought _____ exercise-books with____money.A.a few,a few B.a few,a little C.a little,a few D.a little,a little
17.The box is _____ heavy for the girl____carry.A.too,to B.to,too C.so,that D.no,to
18.Do you have ____ to tell us?
A.something new B.new something C.anything new D.new anything
19.-Do you think the fish tastes_______?
-She cooked it______,I think.A good,good B well,good C well,well D good,well
20.She played the piano_____than we had thought.A.successful B.successfully C.more successful D.more successfully
参考答案
1-5 ACACB
6-10 CADAB
9.高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总) 篇九
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell ____.
A. well, well B. bad, bad
C. well, badly D. badly, bad
【陷阱】容易误选B,认为两个smell 均为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。
【分析】这是1995年的一道上海高考题,最佳答案为D。句中的第一个 smell 为实义动词,意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”,smell badly 意为“嗅觉差”;第二个 smell 为连系动词,意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”,smell bad 意为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好,但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻”。
2. “_____ do you think of your English teacher?” “Oh, he is an _____ man.”
A. What, interesting B. What, interested
C. How, interesting D. How, interested
【陷阱】容易误选D,认为第一空应填 how,表示“如何”;第二空应填 interested,因为有的书上说 –ing 形容词主要说明事物,-ed 形容词主要说明人。
【分析】其实最佳答案应是A。英语中表示汉语的“你觉得……如何?”时,可用How do you like ...? 或 What do you think of ...? 注意两者搭配不同,即 like 与 how 搭配,think of 与 what 搭配。另一方面,有的书认为:-ing形容词说明事,-ed形容词说明人。此说法在很多情况下是可行的,但表述欠严谨。严谨的表述应该是:表示使(别)人感到如何, 用-ing形容词;表示人自己本身感到如何,用-ed形容词。比较:
All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感兴趣。
All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣。
I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。
I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。
再比较:
He is frightened. 他很害怕。
He is frightening. 他很吓人。
He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。
He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。
3. The operation was successful, but I still felt _____.
A. very painful B. much painful
C. a lot of pain D. very paining
【陷阱】容易误选A,想当然地认为:pain 表示“痛”,其形容词painful自然表示表示“感到疼痛的”。
【分析】其实 painful 的意思并不是“感到疼痛的”,而是表示“使人感到疼痛的”、“使人感到痛苦的”,所以它通常用于说明事物,而不宜用于说明人。比较并体会:
他仍很痛苦。
正:He is still in pain.
误:He’s still painful.
你感到痛吗?
正:Do you feel any pain?
误:Are you painful?
见到你这样生活我很痛心。
正:I am pained to see you living this way.
误:I am painful to see you living this way.
听到他的死讯,我们都很痛苦。
误:We were all painful to hear of his death.
正:We were all pained to hear of his death.
他眼睛痛。
正:He has painful eyes.
误:He’s painful in the eyes.
4. “Our team is _____ to win the match.” “Really? But I don’t think so.”
A. easy B. difficult
C. possible D. sure
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选,因为假若单纯从中文意思来看,四个答案均说得通。
【分析】正确答案为D,A、B、C三项填入空格处虽然从汉语来看说得通,但不合英语习惯。因为按英语习惯,easy 和difficult 后接不定式时,其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是 it,而不能是具体的人或物,除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如:
他回答案这个问题很容易。
误:He’s very easy to answer this quesiton.
正:It is very easy for her to answer this quesiton. (用形式主语 it 作主语)
正:The question is very easy for her to answer. (主语为具体的事物,但它与其后不定式有动宾关系,即 to answer this quesiton)
我们很难在半小时内完成这工作。
误:We are very difficult to finish the work in half an hour.
正:It is very difficult for us to finish the work in half an hour. (用形式主语 it 作主语)
对possible 来说,后接不定式时,其主语只能是 it,不能是具体的人或事物,即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如:
我们可能会赢得这场比赛。
误:We are possible to win the match.
误:The match is possible for us to win.
正:It is possible that we will win the match.
正:It is possible for us to win the match.
5. I think he is _____ to tell us the secret, but I’m not sure.
A. possible B. likely
C. impossible D. certain
【陷阱】A、B、C三项均有可能被选择。
【分析】根据句意首先排除D;再根据上面一题的分析,排除A和C;也就是说,此题最佳答案为B。注意likely 的用法,它与possible所用句型不同,请看实例:
Are we likely to arrive in time? 我们会及时赶到吗?
It’s very likely that he will ring me tonight. 今晚他很可能会给我来电话。
They will very likely come by car. 他们很可能会坐汽车来。(该句中的likely为副词,而前两句中的likely为形容词)
6. Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ________.
A. you’re convenient B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you
【陷阱】容易误选A或C,因为许多同学将汉语中的“如果你方便的话”直译为 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient。
【分析】最佳答案为B,因为英语中的 convenient不是表示“感到方便的”,而是表示“使人感到方便的”,所以 be convenient 的主语通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”,英语通常 if it is convenient for [to] you,其中的介词可用 for 或 to,但一般不用 with。顺便说一句,偶尔也可见到用人或物作 be convenient的主语,但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点:句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,如:
Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去见玛丽较为方便。
The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 这家具搬起来很方便。
7. We were two hours late that day, which was due to the ______.
A. crowded traffic B. crowded traffics
C. busy traffic D. busy traffics
【陷阱】容易误选A,因为许多同学将汉语中的“拥挤的交通”直译为 crowded traffic(s);由于 traffic 不可数,排除含 traffics 的选项,所以许多考生便选定答案A。
【分析】其实,此题的最佳答案是C,因为英语的 traffic习惯上不用 crowded 修饰,而用 busy 或 heavy 修饰,以说明“交通”的“拥挤”。类似这样的在修饰语方面需特别注意的还有:
(1) 汉语的“绿茶”说成英语是green tea,但相应的“红茶”却是black tea 而不是 red tea。
(2) 可说thick soup(浓汤),但不说thick coffee (tea);要表示“浓咖啡(茶)”,可用strong coffee (tea)。
(3) 可说thin soup(稀汤),但不说thin coffee (tea);要表示“淡咖啡(茶)”,可用weak coffee (tea)。
8. Mary is very clever and _____ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now _____ asleep in class.
A. very, very B. much, very
C. well, very D. well, fast
【陷阱】容易误选A,因为许多学生往往将汉语中的“很”与英语中的 very 等同。
【分析】但是,许多汉语中的“很”是不能用英语中的 very 来直译的。如汉语“我很喜欢英语”,在英语中就不能说成 I very like English,而应说成 I like English very much,因为副词 very 在英语中习惯上不用来修饰动词。上面一题不能选A,是因为形容词 worth 和 asleep习惯上不能用副词 very 来修饰,而是分别用 well 和 fast修饰,即说成 be well worth doing sth(很值得做某事),be fast (或 sound) asleep(熟睡),所以此题的最佳答案应选D。
9. “Could I take your order now?” “Yes. One _____ tea and two _____ coffees.”
A. black, white B. red, white
C. black, green D. red, black
【陷阱】容易误选B或D。
【分析】按汉语习惯,在“茶”前要加表颜色的形容词通常应是“红”和“绿”,即说“红茶”和“绿茶”。但是在英语中,人们虽然可直接用 green tea来表示“绿茶”,但却不能直接用 red tea 来表示“红茶”,汉语中的“红茶”说成英语应是 black tea,所以第一空应填black,即选A或C。对于第二空,coffee 前通常使用的表颜色的形容词是 white 和 black,其中 white coffee 指“牛奶咖啡”(因牛奶呈白色),black coffee 指“没有加牛奶的咖啡”(即纯咖啡或清咖啡),由此可知上题的最佳答案应是A。
10. Entering the house we found him lying on the bed with his mouth _______ and eyes _______.
A. open, close B. opened, closed
C. opened, close D. open, closed
【陷阱】此题很容易误选A。
【分析】答案应选 D。open 和 close 均可用作动词,前者表示“开”,后者表示“关”,是一对反义词,如:
Please open your mouth and close your eyes. 请张开嘴,闭上眼。
但是 open 和 close 也可用作形容词,此时前者意为“开着的”,后者意为“接近的”、“亲近的”等,而并不表示“关着的”,要表示“关着的”,英语用 closed,即用作形容词时,open 与close 不是一对反义词,而与 closed 才是反义词。
11. A ______ road goes ______ from one place to another.
A. straight, straight B. straightly, straightly
C. straight, straightly D. straightly, straight
【陷阱】容易误选C。认为straightly 是straight 的副词形式。
【分析】在现代英语中,straight 既可用作形容词,也可用作副词。而straightly这个副词在现代英语中已被废弃,许多词典均不再收录此词。所以此题最佳答案应选A。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. It was _____ opportunity to miss.
A. too good an B. a too good
C. too a good D. too good
2. I don’t like it at all. It can’t be _____.
A. better B. worse
C. best D. worst
3. There was nothing special about this film - it was only ______.
A. particular B. average
C. interesting D. strange
4. She looks very _____ but I can’t remember her name.
A. similar B. familiar
C. friendly D. strange
5. He said he would return the money, and I was ______.
A. fool enough to believe him
B. enough fool to believe him
C. fool enough believing him
D. enough fool believing him
6. “This book is ______ more useful for us students.” “Yes, but it is _______ too difficult.”
A. quite, quite B. much, rather
C. rather, quite D. quite, much
7. The children all looked _____ at the broken model plane and felt quite _____.
A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly
C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad
8. The child dreamed that he had once lived in a _______ house in the forest.
A. wooden pretty little B. little pretty wooden
C. pretty little wooden D. wooden little pretty
9. He wanted to read more, so he asked his friends if there was _______ to read.
A. something easy enough B. something enough easy
C. enough easy something D. easy enough something
10. The doctor assured the patient that there was ______ with her, but she could not help worrying.
A. seriously wrong nothing B. nothing serious wrong
C. nothing seriously wrong D. serious nothing wrong
11. -How is your father?
-He’s fine. He’s______ to play tennis every Sunday.
A. enough active still B. enough still active
C. still active enough D. still enough active
12. -Did you wash your new suit in hot water?
-Of course not. I am not ______ foolish.
A. very B. that
C. very much D. too
13.-Which team is _______ to win the game?
-I don’t know, but I’ve found _______ for ours to win.
A. probable; it unlikely B. likely; it possible
C. possible; it possible D. likely; it possibly
14. He didn’t understand the _______ question, so there was a ______ expression on his face.
A. puzzling; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling
C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling
15. She can speak _______ in front of Mack, but she can’t eat ______ in his restaurant.
A. free, free B. free, freely
C. freely, free D. freely, freely
16. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ____ to her mother.
A. close B. closely
C. closed D. closing
17. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he _______ passed the last exam.
A. easily B. hardly
C. actually D. successfully
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选A,too … to … 结构除用于“too + 形容词或副词 + to do sth”外,也可用于“too + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + to do sth”。
2. 选B,it can’t be worse 相当于 It’s the worst thing I ever knew。
3. 选B,average 意为“平常的”、“普通的”。
4. 选B,similar 指“相似”,familiar 指“熟悉”。
5. 选A,此处的 fool 虽为名词,但具有形容词的性质,相当于 foolish。
6. 选B。虽然 quite, rather, much 均可用于加强语气,但是修饰比较级或副词 too(太)时,只能用 rather 或 much,而不用 quite。
7. 选D。第一个 look是实义动词(注意与之搭配的介词 at),第二个look 是连系动词。
8. 选 C。多个形容词共同修饰一个名词时,它们的位置遵循这样的原则:描绘形容词-大小(长短高低)形容词-形状形容词-年龄(新旧)形容词-颜色形容词-国籍形容词-材料形容词-用途(类别)形容词-名词(动名词)。
9. 选A。做对此题要注意两点:一是修饰something, anything, nothing 等复合不定代词的形容词,应置于被修饰语之后;二是副词enough 修饰形容词或副词时也应置于被修饰语之后。
10. 选C。wrong 修饰nothing,seriously 修饰wrong。
11. 选C。still 修饰 active,置于其前;而副词enough 修饰形容词或副词时应置于被修饰语之后。
12. 选B。that 在此用作副词,不是代词,用法相当于so。其余三者填入空格处语意不通。
13. 选B。理由见“典型陷阱题分析”第5题。
14. 选A。理由见“典型陷阱题分析”第2题。
15. 选C。第一空填 freely,意为“自由地”;第二空填free,意为“免费地”。
16. 选 A。close 与 closely 的区别是:指实际距离近,用 close;指抽象意义,用 closely。
17. 选 B。首先应弄清 second to none 的意思,照字面理解是“对谁都不是第二”,言外之意就是“第一”,或者说是“最好”。再联系句中的 but 可知,选项 B 最恰当。
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