同位语从句 知识点和习题

同位语从句 知识点和习题（12篇）

1.同位语从句 知识点和习题 篇一

在考研英语的文章中，同位语从句和定语从句都放在被修饰词的后边，从形式上来看，它们十分相似，很多同学搞不清楚涉及到定语从句和同位语从句的相关知识点。为了减少大家在读文章时的相关障碍，老师现就同位语从句和定语从句的相关区别给大家做一个讲解。

(一) 连接词作用不同。

以that为例，连接定语从句的that一定会在从句中充当一定的成分;而连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether 和 how 可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。关系代词和关系副词除了连接从句的作用外，还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语、表语等。引导定语从句的连接词是关系词，常见的关系代词和关系副词有that , which , who , whose , whom , when , where , why , as，than, but等

The fact that we talked about is very important.

The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.

(二)先行词不同。

定语从句先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。相当于形容词。

The moon is a satellite that goes round the earth.

The few points that the president stressed in his report are very important.

同位语从句进一步说明的是具有抽象概念的词，其作用相当于名词，对前面的名词进行补充说明。如fact, result, discovery，belief , doubt , fact , hope , idea , news , possibility , thought , order , suggestion , wish , answer , information , conclusion , decision , discovery , knowledge , law , opinion , problem , promise , proof , question , report , truth , risk等等。

He has an idea that he can make the scientific instrument in a better way.

He expressed the hope that he would come to China.

(三)从引导词来看

如果引导从句的词为when表示时间，where表示地点，why表示原因，how怎么样，表示方式，而它前面的词分别表示时间，地点，原因，方式等意义，那它们就是关系副词，引导的是定语从句。

I’ll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall.

This is the room where LuXun once lived.

The question when we will start the work is not decided.

You have no idea how worried I was.

2.同位语从句 篇二

在复合句主句中名词性成分之后与该名词性成分并列， 补充说明该名词性成分的有关情况的名词性从句， 被称为同位语从句。同位语从句的先行词通常为answer, hope, fact, truth, belief, news, idea, promise, information, conclusion, order, suggestion, problem, question, thought, report, belief, decision, doubt, opinion, theory等抽象名词。

引导同位语从句的词通有连词that, which，连接代词what, who。连接副词how, when , where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。）

例如：1. The news that his health is bad made us sad. 他健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。（that 引导的从句that his heath is failing 作the news的同位语,说明the news的内容，引导同位语从句的that不能省略。）

2. He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。（whether引导的从句解释question的具体内容。）

3. We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light. 我们解决不了如何才能超过光的速度这个问题。（how引导的从句表示其前面的名词the problem的具体内容， 属于同位语从句）

同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面， 而是被别的词隔开， 以使得整个句子的结构显得平衡，这种现象称为分隔式同位语从句。常见两种句型：A：名词+谓语+同位语从句；B：名词+谓语+状语（副词或者介词） + 同位语从句。

例如：The rumor spread that a new school would be built here. 谣传这里要盖一所新学校。

The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for the research. 在会上我们是否有足够的钱进行这项调查的问题提了出来。

二、 同位语从句和定语从句的区别

同位语从句和定语从句结构相似， 通常位于某一名词或代词后面， 但两者存在明显区别： 同位语从句对名词性成分加以补充说明，是该名词性成分具体内容的体现（相当于名词的作用）。that引导的同位语从句中引导词that不在该同位语从句中充当句子成分， 但不能被省略，同位语从句还可以用whether, how等连词引导（定语从句則不能）。定语从句对先行词加以限制或修饰、 说明先行词的性质或特征（相当于形容词的作用），定语从句的引导词均在该定语从句中充当特定的句子成分（that在其引导的限定性定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语，充当定语从句中宾语的that经常可被省略）。

此外，区分时还可以在这个名词和从句之间加一个系动词be,使其构成一个主谓句，如果句意通顺的則为同位语从句。

例如：The news that I have passed the exam is true. 我通过了考试这一消息是真的。（that在从句中不充当任何成份，同位语从句。The news is that I have passed the exam通顺。）

The news that he told me just now is true. 他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。（that在从句中作gave的宾语，定语从句。The news is that he told 逻辑不通。）

在阅读中，尤其是科技文章和新闻中大量出现长难句，我们往往会遇到一些不认识的单词或短语，或者认识的单词在文章中有了新意义。把握同位语（从句）可以迅速分析句子成分，有助于猜测词义。

例如：Though many longstanding traditions have disappeared over the years, some traditions such as the family gathering at Christmas and lighting Christmas tree candles are still appealing today.

分析：一看到such as你应当就知道后面是同位举例，所以先直接忽略，这样就看到：some traditions are still appealing today. （一些传统仍旧具有吸引力）. 18个词的句子一下子就缩短到6个词，其速度是逐字读的三倍。这句话的整句意思：尽管很多存在已久的传统已经消失，但是仍旧有一些传统，诸如在圣诞节家庭聚会和点燃圣诞蜡烛直到今天仍然很有吸引力。

Another body, the Australian Sport Commission（ASC）, finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports of thousands of sportsmen and women.

分析：body是身体的意思，但逗号后面一看同位语就清楚了，body在这里指的是“澳洲运动委员会”这个团体。

同位语的应用不仅能避免重复，还可以使文章表述自然、流畅，起到很好的连接作用。书面表达中适当地使用同位语既能给阅卷老师以一定的好感又可以显示考生深厚的语言功底和较强的语言驾驭能力，让你的文章具有亮点。例如：使用时such be后面接人物或单位名词，然后接一个名词做同位语，名词前面可用2-3个形容词对人单位进行概括和总结。该句型非常适合用于人物介绍文或单位介绍文的末尾，对人物或单位进行总结。例如：Such is Mary, a kind, diligent and helpful girl. 这就是玛丽，一个心地善良、勤奋进取又乐于助人的女孩。

【高考聚焦】

同位语和同位语从句在语法考查中是重点内容。主要考查点有： 零冠词，代词和同位语从句引导词选择。

1. Dr. Peter Spence, _______ headmaster of the school, told us, “_______fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

A. 不填; AB. 不填; The

C. the; TheD. a; A

2. Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.

A. itB. that

C. whatD. one

3. When the news came _______ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.

A. sinceB. which

C. thatD. because

4. 完成句子： The news _______ （房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. （fall）

【答案讲解】

1. A。句意：皮特•斯本塞博士，本校的校长，告诉我们，“我们五分之一的学生要去牛津和剑桥大学继续学业”。首先，如果官衔儿称呼做同位语，不需要冠词，而 a fifth 同one fifth，表示五分之一。

2. D。句意：帮助别人是一种习惯，一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。空格处与前句中的habit构成同位语关系，所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句，that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。

3. C。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“ the war broke out”解释说明 the news 的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用 that 连接。

4. 答案：that the housing price will fall； 用“that” 引导同位语从句“房价”译成“housing price”。

3.同位语从句例句 篇三

We came to the decision that we must act at once。我们做出决定：我们必须立即行动。

He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone。他提议会议延期。

There was little hope that he would survive。他幸存的期望很小。

以下名词常用于以上句型：

4.同位语从句 知识点和习题 篇四

1.判定方法

为方便理解，咱们先回顾下同位语的定义，即首先如果一个名词修饰另外一个名词，且后一个名词对前面的名词起到解释、说明的作用，那我们就将这个名词成为同位语。如果由一个从句来代替这个名词，充当同位语的成分，那我们就可以把这个从句称为同位语从句了。

2.翻译方法

①按照原文顺序直接翻译

如：He expressed the hopethat he would come over to visit China again.按照原文的顺序我们可以将其翻译为：他表示希望能再次来中国访问。

There is a possibilitythat he is a spy.很可能他是一个间谍。

②对于复杂的从句可以独立成句，然后再修饰语前面加上“这样，这种，这一，即”等连接词或“：――”，将同位语从句与主句分隔开。

He put forward the proposalthat more trees should be planted in the downtown area.本句话可以这样翻译：他提出了这样的建议：在乡下应该种植更多的树木。也可翻译为：他提出了“乡下应该种植更多树木”的建议。

Not long ago, the scientists madean exciting discovery that this waste material could be turned into plastics.这句话可以翻译为：不久之前，科学家们有一个振奋人心的发现：这个废弃的材料可以转化为塑料。

③对于简单的定语从句，可以将其作为定语放在所修饰的名词前，可以加“的”，也可以不加。

如：Therumor that he was arrestedwas unfounded.这句话可以译为：关于他被捕的谣言是毫无依据的。

The Prime Minster refused to comment on the rumorthat he had planned to resign.总理拒绝评论他打算辞职的谣言。

④有些定语从句，可以采取把同位语修饰的名词翻成动词，将同位语从句译为宾语的方法。

如：There is a growing awareness that this is not enough.越来越多的人意识到这是不够的。

A good color is often a sign that the food has a lot of vitamin.一个好的颜色通常是食物含有很多维他命的标志。

5.名词性从句及习题 篇五

名词性从句

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 语法要点剖析

一、名词性从句

主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接词：that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分）

连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why

主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义,不充当成分，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear.（what既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，并从句中充当成分）

It is known to us how he became a writer.（how既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，并从句中充当成分）

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.（where既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，并从句中充当成分）

有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：

（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句

（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句

另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that „ It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that„

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that„

表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。

其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如： The fact is that we have lost the game.That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.It looks as if it is going to rain.需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning

宾语从句

6.同位语从句及引导词 篇六

[同位语及充当同位语的形式]

一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。单词、短语、直接引语以及从句都可以充当同位语。

1. 单词作同位语。

①This is my friend Harry.

②We both come from Hunan.

③We Chinese are brave and hardworking.

④You three take these seats.

这几个句子中Harry，both，Chinese和three都是同位语。

2. 短语作同位语。

①He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason， to bring computers to people and make them “people-literate”.

②Wang Li， just back from the training class， was made director of the Maternity Home.

③People， old and young， took to the streets to watch the parade.

这几个句子分别采用了不定式、介词短语和形容词作同位语。

3. 直接引语作同位语。

But now the question comes to their minds，“Did she die young because she was a clone？”

这个句子里则采用了直接引语来充当同位语。

[同位语从句及其位置]

按照同位语的概念，同位语从句就是在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句，用来表示与之同位的名词或名词短语的实际内容，或对前面的名词或名词短语加以补充说明。一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词如news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等（一般的“抽象”名词都可以）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。比如在I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.这句中，that从句表示的就是message的内容。有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，这在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句，如The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.就是个很典型的例子。还有一些短语及固定句式后的同位语从句，如on condition，on supposition，on the ground（s），on the understanding，with the exception，in spite of the fact，on the assumption及句式There be+no doubt/hope/chance/possibility后的that从句都为同位语从句，如I will come on condition that John is invited.

[同位语从句的引导词]

同位语从句最常见的引导词是that和whether。这里值得提到注意的有两点：一是同位语从句中的that不能省略，二是虽然if和whether都有“是否”的意思，但是if不能引导同位语从句。

以下两个句子分别含有that和whether引导的同位语从句：

①The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.

②The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.

除了这两个引导词，连接代词what，who，whom，whose和连接副词when，where，how，why也可以引导同位语从句。

①I have no idea what size shoes she wears.

②The question who will take his place is still not clear.

③We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

这三个句子分别含有以what，who和where引导的同位语从句。

[同位语从句和定语从句的区别]

同位语从句和定语从句很容易被混淆，因为它们在句子形式上相近。它们的差别在于：

1. 先行词的区别。

定语从句的先行词是名词或代词，而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question，thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。

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2. 引导词的区别。

首先，that既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句，其区别在于：同位语从句由连接词that引导，连接词that本身无意义，在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他词替代；而定语从句由关系代词that引导，关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分，作宾语时可省略。

①The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting.

②We heard the news that our team had won.

在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，在意义上指代先行词news；在②句中，划线部分是同位语从句，that没有任何意义，只起连接作用。

其次，由when，where，why引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于：同位语从句由连接副词引导，只起连接作用，没有指代作用；定语从句由关系副词引导，关系副词具有指代先行词的作用，常用一个介词加关系代词替换。

①I will never forget the day when I joined the army.

②We have no idea when she was born.

在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，when在从句中作状语，它可以转换成on which的形式；在②句中，划线部分是同位语从句，when在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成“介词+关系代词”的形式。

3. 意义的差别。

同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来。

①We are glad at the news that he will come.

②We are glad at the news that he told us.

在①句中，news的内容就是he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句，而②句中，that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句。

[同位语从句的语气]

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。

①Our teacher gave us some advice how we（should） use the computer.

②She made a request that the doctor （should） be sent for at once.

如果在高考英语试题中，同位语从句出现在语法填空的题型中，特别提示同学们一定要按照三个步骤来完成：第一步确定引导词，第二步注意从句中的语序要用陈述句的句式，最后则要关注从句中的谓语部分的时态语态或者虚拟语气的用法。

[练习]

一、填空题。

1. The news made everybody happy. （take）

飞机将按时起飞的消息让大家高兴。

2. He made a promise when he is free.（hand）

他承诺有空时帮我。

3. You may have no idea when they experienced the first snowfall just before the New yeat. （fun）

你可能不知道，就在新年之前经历第一场雪时他们玩得有多开心。

4. Her mother is worried about the possibility . （dislike）

她的妈妈担心她女儿可能不喜欢上学校。

5. The suggestion was accepted by him， which helps him a lot. （attitude）

他接受了让它保持积极的态度这一建议，而这对他也起了很大的作用。

6. Lucy will win the first place in the final examination. （doubt）

毫无疑问，Lucy将在期末考试中获得第一名。

7. I made a proposal a meeting next Monday. （hold）

我建议下周我们开个会。

二、完成句子。

1. 他还没有做出决定是否去那里。

He hasn’t made the decision .

2. 我们做出决定：我们必须立即行动。

We came to the decision .

3. 他提议会议延期。

He made a proposal .

4. 他幸存的希望很小。

There was little hope .

5. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。

The news encouraged us all greatly.

6. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。

I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message

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.

7. 我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。

We have some doubt .

8. 我们是否需要解决这个问题还没有考虑。

That question has not been considered.

9. 毫无疑问，小麦的价格将会上涨。

There is no doubt .

10. 他们是否能够完成那个项目，这个问题非常重要。

The problem is very important.

三、选择题。

1. Where did you get the idea I could not come？

A. whether B. that

C. if D. what

2. They were all very much worried over the fact you were sick.

A. that B. if

C. whether D. why

3. Along with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming Christmas.

A. which B. that

C. what D. whether

4. He always works hard even if he knows the fact he is not in good health.

A. what B. whether

C. if D. that

5. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt a cure for AIDS will be found.

A. which B. what

C. that D. whether

[参考答案]

一、1. that the plane would take off on time

2. that he would give me a hand

3. what great fun they had

4. that her daughter dislikes going to school.

5. that he （should） keep a positive attitude

6. There is no doubt that

7. that we （should） hold

二、1. whether he will go there

2. that we must act at once

3. that the meeting be postpone

4. that he would survive

5. that our women volleyball team had won the championship

6. that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon

7. whether they can complete the task on time

8. whether we need to solve it

9. that the price of wheat will go up

10. whether they could finish the project

三、1～5 BABDC

7.宾语从句练习题 篇七

1.will come            2.was reading        3.will go

4.had broken          5.would fly            6.travels

7.had found           8.went                  9.was looking

10.snowed

II、

1.              his father would come back in two days.

2.              if (whether) my uncle lived in Beijing.

3.              if (whether) I had finished reading the novel.

4.              if (whether) I would go to the park with him.

5.              who would answer the question in English.

6.              what was wrong with the boy.

7.              what the man was doing.

8.              if (whether) the foreign guests were going to visit our school.

9.              if (whether) the Shanghai library is open on Sundays.

10.           who he wanted to see.

III、

1.D         2.D         3.C         4.A         5.B          6.C         7.A         8.A         9.A         10.D

11.C        12.B        13.C       14.C        15.C        16.B        17.D       18.B        19.D       20.D

8.高考定语从句复习题 篇八

A. which B. that C. where D. it

〖2018定从复习2〗The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ______was more than we could expect.?

A.it B.what C.which D.that

〖2018定从复习3〗I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ____I met in the English speech contest last year.

A. who B. where C. when D. which

〖2018定从复习4〗The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.

A. whom B. which C. them D. those

〖2018定从复习5〗A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.

A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

〖2018定从复习6〗In china, the number of cities is increasing ______development is recognized across the world.

A. where B. which C. whose D. that

〖2018定从复习7〗Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering.

A.that B.whose C.those D.what

〖2018定从复习8〗_____is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

比较：___is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

〖2018定从复习9〗Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office.

A.which B.that C.this D.it

〖2018定从复习10〗____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

〖2018定从复习11〗Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him.

A. who B. that C. what D. which

〖2018定从复习12〗____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.

A. That B. As C. It D. What

地点：where/which /that 时间：when/which/that

〖2018定从复习13〗The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.

A.which B.what C.that D.where

〖2018定从复习14〗I can think of many cases _____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

A. why B. which C. as D. where

〖2018定从复习15〗Occasionsare quite rare .I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

A.who B.which C.why D.when

〖2018定从复习16〗We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.

A. which B. that C. whose D. when

〖2018定从复习18〗The film brought the hours back to me_______I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

A. until B. that C. when D. where

怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?

(1)定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配

Gun control is a subject _____ Americans have argued for a long time.

(about which--- argue about sth)

There is no one _____ she can turn when in trouble

(to whom----turn to sb for help)

(2)先行词常和什么介词搭配。

The reason _________ he was late was that he got up late.

(for which----- the reason for)

〖2018定从复习18〗Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.

A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which

〖2018定从复习19〗Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.

A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

〖2018定从复习20〗For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example.

A.for which B.in which C.of which D.from which

〖2018定从复习21〗By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.

A.of which B.on which C.from which D.above which

易错点:插入语和定语干扰!

〖2018定从复习22〗She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years.

A.for which B.with which C.of which D.to which

〖2018定从复习23〗The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.

A. that B. it C. what D. which

〖2018定从复习24〗Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.

A. who B. which C. what D. that

〖2018定从复习25〗She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.

A. them B. who C. whom D. these

〖2018定从复习26〗Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.

A.none of them B.both of them? C.none of whom D.neither of whom

定语从句真题练习

〖〗They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising

A. that B. when C. what D. which

〖〗Eric received training in computer for one year, he found a job in a big company.

A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this

〖〗I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most were from Germany.

A.study;of whom B.study;of them C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom

〖〗The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ______ are sold abroad.

A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that

答案：DBDA

区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。

I have forgotten ∧where we went yesterday.

Where we went yesterday∧is covered with all kinds of flowers.

Oh! This is ∧where we came yesterday.

This is the place where we came yesterday.

Here, he made the promise that he would come here 10 years later.

I will make a mark where he made the promise.

whereunemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.

9.高中定语从句例句练习题 篇九

A. which B. so that C. where D. of which

【正确答案】C

【高考考点】考查定语从句。

【详细解析】首先我们来看第一句话的意思今天的大学是为这个社会而做准备的，setting是背景在这里就是准备，为社会做准备的意思。第二句话的意思是 它的成员必须要掌握并且能够处理各方各面的知识。在这里这两句话连起来我们就可以理解为今天大学里的`成员，比方说大学生研究生这些人，他们必须要很好地掌握这些知识并且运用这些知识，那么这样将来到社会上工作而打下基础。所以我们看一下，这句话的先行词在这里就不是society，你要从上下文的意思中去判断，而是这个college。

好，第一步先行词我们已经确定好了。接下来第二步我们要确定先行词在后面的定语从句中充当什么成分，是简单的主语、或是宾语，还是比较负责的地点状语、时间状语和原因状语?

10.同位语从句 知识点和习题 篇十

---名词性从句



一、考点聚焦

1、名词性从句中连接词的运用

名词性从句中的连接词有连词:that / whether / as if，连接代词:what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词:where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。（1）、that的用法。

①、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如： That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.②、宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：

（A）、当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；

He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wine（B）、当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省； Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.（C）、当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：

The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.③、that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)、It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that„(B)、It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that...(C)、It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that „

（D）、It seems/happens that。如：

It happened that I went out last night.It is said that China will win in the World Cup.④、that和what的区别。that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词即常说的先行词 + that。如：

It’s shame that he has made such a mistake.Do what he says.⑤、同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如：

They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)

主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：

When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.3、名词性从句的词序

名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：

He asked me what was the matter with me.We’ve heard the news that we’ll move into the new house.Whatever you say will interest us all.

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1.A computer can only do ________ you have instructed it to do.(NMET 2001)A.how B.after C.what D.when 解析：答案为C。本题考查的是名词性从句作宾语的用法。此句的引导词既作连词又在宾语从句中充当一成分，故what最合适。

2.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week..—Is that _________ you had a few days off ?(NMET 99)A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析：答案为A。此题考查的是从句的用法。根据题意“我上周开车去珠海看航空展去了。”下面一句接着问：“那就是你为什么离开的原因吗？”故用why引导表语从句表示原因。

3.I hate __________ when peope talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)A.it B.that C.these D.them 解析：答案为A。本题考查的是形式宾语的用法。题意为“我讨厌人们谈话时嘴里塞满东西”。该空白处没有任何含义，而且已经用了when连接该宾语从句，所以此处只填一个形式宾语it。

4.I think Father would like to know I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A.which B.why C.what D.how 解析：答案为C。考查宾语从句连词用法，由结构sb.be up to sth.可知，应选what作介词to的宾语。

5.We cannot figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.A.that B.as C.why D.when 解析：答案为C。本题考查宾语从句知识，figure out为及物动词，故此句为宾语从句，从句意得知连词在从句中作原因状语，故选why.6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how 解析：答案为B。此题句子为时间状语从句，全主句的主语是由主语从句来充当的，并且主语从句中不定式动词do缺少宾语，故选what。◆基础训练题

1.It now appears ______ they are in need of help.A.that B.which C.what D.how

A.which B.that C.whether D.if 16.You must do well ______ the teacher asks you to do.A.which B.what C.that D.where ◆强化训练题

1．Much to the couple’s comfort, their income is now double it was five years ago．

A．that B．than C．which D．what 2.it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to well.A.Whatever;work B.Whichever;help C.However;function D.What;help 3．If the project should be delayed for a day, would mean we would be fined $ 100,000.A．that B．as

C．which

D．and it 4．When I try to understand it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, is seems to me there are quite a few causes.A．why;that B．which;as

C．what;that D．whether;since 5.There is a feeling in me _______ we will never know what a UFO is.A.that B.which

C.of which

D.what 6.While the total number of farmers engaged in the agriculture production is barely half _____ it used to be in 1959, the size of the average farm has tripled.A.that B.what C.which D.how 7.It was after he got he had wanted he realized it was not so important.A.what;what B.what;that C.that;what D.that;which 8．What if we meet with a situation none of us are able to deal with？

A．where B．in which C．what D．that 9．Advertising is different from other forms of communication the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A．in which B．in order that

海卷)A.That B.What C.Whether

D.Where 3.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(上海卷)A.when B.why

C.whether D.that 4.Could I speak to---------is in charge of International Sales, please?(山东卷)A．anyone B．someone C．whoever D．no matter who 5.You can only be sure of_________ you have at present;you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future.(安徽卷)A.that;what B.what;/ C.which;that D.that 6.Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are.(浙江卷)A.what B.where C.when D.why 7.It is none of your business other people think about you.Believe yourself.(福建卷)A.how B.what

C.which

D.when

/;8.Having checked the doors were closed, and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.(湖南卷)A.why B.that C.when D.where 9.Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for.(江苏卷)A.what B.why

C.how D.whether 10.parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.(陕西卷)A.That B.Which

C.What

D.As 11.By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read．(上海春)

10.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.（天津卷）

A.where B.how C.when D.why 11.People in Chongqing are proud of __ they have achieved, in the past ten years.（重庆卷）

A.that B.which C.what D.how 12.All people, __ they are old or young, rich or poor, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.（重庆卷）A.even if B.whether C.no matter D.however 13.As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about ___he will do or think.(上海卷)A.what B.which

C.whom

11.同位语从句 知识点和习题 篇十一

一． 主语从句

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

1.It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：

a)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.你不去看那场电影真可惜。

b)It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。

c)It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）

d)It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）

2.用it 作形式主语的结构(1)It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句

It is a fact that …

事实是…

It is an honor that

…非常荣幸

It is common knowledge that

…是常识(2)It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句

It is natural that…

很自然…

It is strange that…

奇怪的是…(3)It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句

It seems that…

似乎…

It happened that…

碰巧…

It appears that…

似乎…(4)It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句

It is reported that…

据报道…

It has been proved that…

已证实…

It is said that…

据说…

3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：

（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

（2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.（3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.（4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：

正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?

错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?

4.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别

what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：

a)What you said yesterday is right.b)That she is still alive is a consolation

二．宾语从句

宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。

1.作动词的宾语

(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：

I heard that be joined the army.我听说他参军了。

(2)由what, whether(if)引导的宾语从句，例如：

a)She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。

b)I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。

(3)动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：

She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。

2.作介词的宾语，例如：

Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。

3.作形容词的宾语，例如：

I am afraid(that)I’ve made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。

注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。

4.it 可以作为形式宾语

it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：

We heard it that she would get married next month.我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。

5.后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词

这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：

正确表达：I admire their winning the match.错误表达：I admire that they won the match.6.不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词

有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：

正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.7.否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。

三.表语从句

表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：

1)The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2)This is why we can’t get the support of the people.3)But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4)The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.四.同位语从句

同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

1.同位语从句的功能

同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：

1)The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2.同位语在句子中的位置

同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：

He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别

(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如： 1)The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）

名词性从句专项练习

1．____he does has nothing to do with me.A.whatever B.No matter what C.That D.If 2.The manager came over and asked the customer how____

A.did the quarrel came about

B.the quarrel had come about

C.had the quarrel come about

D.had the quarrel come about 3.Energy is ____makes thing work..A.what B.something C.anything

D.that 4.Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as 5.This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.A.there

B.in which

C.where

D.when 6.They have no idea at all____.A.where he has gone

B.where did he go C.which place has he gone

D.where has he gone

7.The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.A.that

B.which

C.of which

D.of that

8.The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.A.that;had to leave

B.that;should leave

C./;must leave

D.when;should leave 9.___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.A.There;that

B.It;that

C.there;whether D.It;whether 10.The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our

research.A.that

B.which

C.whether

D.if 11.Is _____he said really true?

A.that B.what C.why

D.whether 12.____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.A.That B.Whether C.If

D.Where 13.It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.A.while

B.if

C.that D.for

14.???_____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.A.Whether

B.This

C.who

D.If

15.____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.A.What B.That

C.Whether

D.If 16.____you don’t like him is none of my business.A.What B.That

C.Who

D.How 17.____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.A.What;what B.That;that

C.what;that D.That;what 18.____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.A.What

B.It

C.All that

D.That 19.It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.A.believed

B.think

C.say

D.hoped 20.____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What

B.That

C.How

D.Where

Keys:

12.宾语从句练习题 篇十二

---Pardon?

--- I asked _______.

A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York

C. when were the Shutes leaving for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York

2. Could you tell me ______? I have something interesting to tell him.

A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is

C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to

3. --- Could you tell me _______?

A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving

C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start

4. I want to know _______.

A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is

5. He asked me ________.

A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have

C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me

6. Do you still remember ______ at the meeting?

A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said

7. --- Excuse me, ______ to the nearest bookshop, please?

--- Go straight and take the second turning on the left.

A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where is the way D. which is the way

8. Mike, go and see who ______ football on the playground.

A. is playing B. plays C. played D. were playing

9. The woman still doesn’t know what ______ in her hometown while she was away.

A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened

10. --- Can I help you?

--- Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _____take to get there?

A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it

11. --- I hear we’ll have a new teacher this term. --- Really? Do you know ______?

A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach

C. what subject he teaches D. what subject is he going to teach

12. He asked his teacher _______.

A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientists find out the result D. where could he find the library

13. Do you know ______ over there?

A. what happens B. what was happened C. what is happening D. what did happen

14. --- Do you know ______ we will arrive at your hometown? --- This afternoon.

A. when B. why C. if D. where

15. Could you tell me ______ to Mount Putuo tomorrow?

A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone

16. Could you tell me ______?

A. which room he lives B. which room he lived

C. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in

17. --- Do you know ______ he is? --- He says “1.75 metres”, but I’m not sure.

A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall

18. She said she _______ me five letters in one month.

A. has written B. will write C. had written D. wrote

19. Can you tell me ______ she is waiting for?

A. why B. whose C. whom D. which

20. I don’t know ______ he still lives here.

A. where B. what C. when D. whether

21. --- Be careful! Don’t break the bottles. Do you hear ______ I said, David? --- Yes, mum.

A. what B. that C. why D. if

22. I’d like to know ______.

A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education

C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening

23. Could you tell me _______?

A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for

C. where the bus station is D. why were you late

24. --- Do you know _______? I’m going to see him. --- Sorry, I don’t know.

A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live

C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived

25. He asked me ______.

A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held

C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the Olympics be held

26. She wanted to know _____ her mother liked the present.

A. which B. that C. if D. what

27. Could you tell me _______?

A. who is she B. where’s the nearest fast restaurant

C. if he will come tomorrow D. which way is to the underground station

28. Do you know if ______ back next week? If he ______ back, please let me know.

A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes

C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come

29. --- Can you tell me why ______? --- Because I want to help the people there.

A. do you go to Tibet B. did you go to Tibet

C. are you going to Tibet D. you are going to Tibet

30. --- Where does he come from? --- Pardon? --- I asked where ______.

A. did he come from B. he came from

C. he comes from D. does he come from

31. You must remember _______.

A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say

C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said

32. Lily likes _____.

A. what her twin sister like B. what her twin sister does

C. what is her twin sister like D. what does her twin sister do

33. --- Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the plane?

--- Certainly. Go straight along here.

A. how can we B. how we can C. when can we D. when we can

34. Do you know what time _______?

A. does the train leave B. leaves the train

C. the train leave D. the train leaves

35. --- I don’t know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us?

--- He will help us with our English.

A. why B. when C. how D. where

直接引语变为间接引语专练(四)

1. He said,“I will give you a present.”

He said _____________________________________.

2. She asked, “Are you going to plant trees with us?”

She asked ____________________________________.

3. They asked,“Where is the post office?”

They asked ___________________________________.

4. She said,“Come at five o’clock.”

She told him __________________________________.

5. My sister said,“The earth travels round the sun.”

My sister said that ______________________________.