概括段落大意的方法

概括段落大意的方法（精选8篇）

1.概括段落大意的方法 篇一

英语读写作文是英语作文教学当中十分重要又容易被忽略的一个方面，然而也是占高考比重比较大的部分。所以针对这一部分的教学，教师可以使用有效的办法，解决学生学习中可能遇到的多种问题，以真正提出解决英语读写作文概括段落问题的策略，实现高效教学。

近三年江苏英语高考卷的作文部分出现较大调整，此前的作文多要求学生根据中文要点提示，有时会结合图片(如2009年高考卷)提示写出相应体裁的短文，其中以议论文居多。调整后的作文虽然还是以议论文居多，但分成了两个部分。第一部分要求学生阅读一篇英语短文，并用30左右的字概括短文的内容。第二部分要求学生根据对短文的理解进行分析并发表观点，经常要求学生结合实例进行阐述。显然，这种模式的作文对学生的写作能力提出了更高层次的要求。

一、调整后的模式对学生能力的要求

这主要要求学生具有以下三个方面的能力：(1)概括的能力;(2)分析的能力;(3)举证的能力。后两者的能力是否可以有效准确的体现，必须建立在具有良好的理解能力和概括能力的基础之上。这是因为概括部分体现了整片文章主旨方向，而理解分析则要围绕概括段落反映的主题以及所举的例子反映出概括段落呈现的主题。可以说，概括段落是下文的风向标。为了让学生能尽快适应这种新题型，我对他们开展了针对性的训练。

二、学生所反映出的问题

经过一段时间的练习之后，学生暴露的问题越来越多，但其中有一个问题具有普遍性，即概括段落写不好。例如，一开始，学生不适应字数要求，经常超过要求字数。更严重的是，他们往往会概括不到位，好像不知概括为何物，一提到概括就很迷茫。下面，以最近习作的一篇作文为例进行说明。

(2015年南通三模卷)阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Don’t worry if you have problems!If you’re breathing， you have difficulties. It’s the way of life. And believe it or not， most of your problems may actually be good for you.

The lagoon side of the Great Barrier Reef looks pale and lifeless， while the ocean side is lively and colorful. The reason is that the coral around the lagoon side is still water， with no challenge for its survival . It dies early. The coral on the ocean side is constantly being tested by wind， waves and storms. It has to fight for survival every day of life. As it is challenged and tested it changes and adapts. It grows healthy. It grows strong. And it reproduces.

That’s how it is with people. Challenged and tested， we come alive. Like coral struck by the waves， we grow. Physical demands can cause us to grow stronger. Mental and emotional stress can produce strength and patience. Spiritual testing can produce strength of character and faithfulness.

So， you have problems D no problem!Just tell yourself， “There I grow again.”

[写作内容]

1.用约30个单词写出上文的概括。

2.用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：(1)你在生活中遇到的2-3个问题。(2)就如何对待或解决你的问题，谈谈你的理解和想法。

下面，我挑选了部分学生写的概括段落，说明他们的问题具有一定的代表性。

习作一：Compared with the coral around the lagoon side， the one on the ocean side tends to be more appealing . The phenomenon lies in that the one on ocean side faces more challenges .

分析：被概括的短文是由两部分组成的，第二段在叙述一个现象，在第一段和最后两段作者呈现了自己的观点及写作意图。这位学生只概括了前两段内容。

习作二：Just like the coral around the lagoon side can grow stronger after the wind ， we should be brave to improve ourselves whenever we face problems. 分析：这位学生看似两部分都写到了，仔细看就能发现例证部分概括不全，删去了必要部分，由此它不能充分体现观点的来由。另外，第一句话信息概括有误。

习作三：Like the coral on two sides of the ocean ， life is full of problems. Different problems can make us grow mentally or physically.

分析：问题还是在例证部分，

资料

这位学生没有读懂文章的例子，或者为了避免超字，将信息过渡浓缩，导致概括不全。

从以上例子当中我们不难发现，学生对短文的概括的技巧及意图缺乏正确认识。概括短文内容并体现主旨是阅读理解的一个重要组成部分。对短文的归纳和概括分两种情况：一是对段落在推进文章和结构作用两方面分析，二是对短文本身内容的概括。而英语读写作文中的概括就是对短文本身内容的概括。

三、存在问题的解决策略

为了概括好短文，学生可以遵循以下步骤进行概括。

1.有的放矢，选好角度。读写作文的概括段就是指向主题的，所以找到与文章主题相关的段落，把握主题，角度就不会有偏差。例如，2015年南通卷三模作文，我们可以从第一段和最后一段得到主题，即：We should face up to the difficulties that make us grow.

2.抓住要干，略去枝节。归纳概括是在抓准并理解文中的关键词语，准确筛选与主旨相关的重要信息。弄清结构和思路的基础上，进一步对文章的总体结构勾选提要。因此，教师应要求学生放眼全文，整体阅读，抓住一些关键性的词语。如2015年南通卷的作文归纳问题较多的集中在第二段信息的归纳。一方面，第二段有较多的细节描写;另一方面，内容是对比描写。所以要围绕主题，用一句话概括出这个例子，学生就要斟酌好句型。在这儿，我们可以考虑比较句型：Corals on the ocean side are stronger than those on the lagoon side because they go through various challenges.

3.提炼整合，概括好文章。这里的概括就是在具体内容理解的基础之上，用另一种语言简明扼要的语言将它再现出来。它是一种由具体到抽象，有详尽到简洁的过程。这篇文章例证和观点是融为一体的，没了例证文章是空洞的。所以概括时，就要再次提炼整合语言，使概括的内容在字数上达标。2015年南通卷的理想的概括段落应该是这样：Corals on the ocean are stronger than those on the lagoon side because they go through various challenges ， which reflects our life and inspires us to face problems bravely.

具体方法让我们来借鉴一下布朗和戴(A.L.Blown和J.D.Day，1983)归纳的五种方法。(1)略去枝节：略去那些与概括角度关系不大的语句。(2)删掉多余：删去内容重复的词语和关联词。(3)代以上位：①以一个类的标志去总括属概念;②用一个更一般的行动去代替一系列的具体行动。(4)择取要义：找一个主题句。(5)自述要义：对无现成中心句的信息，可采用换词缩句、变换叙说角度，将某些具体的内容抽象化等办法，提炼出符合题目要求的要旨来。

但是，学生会读到不同类型的文章，他们就要根据文章的类型做相应的概括，不能千篇 一律。下面介绍几种主要类型文章的概括的技巧和策略。

第一，记叙文的概括：首先要找出记叙文的六要素，即何时、何地、何人、何事、结果如何及为何如此。用最简洁的语言来说明故事讲述了什么，不能讲细节。用第三人称转述故事，时态和原文一致，不要掺杂个人观点。第二，夹叙夹议文章的概括：这类文章的概括应该有两部分。先按照记叙文的概括技巧概括叙事部分，然后概括作者的看法和观点。第三，说明文的概括：说明文会有一个中心句，写概要时要注意找出中心句，抓住关键词。学生经常读到是分析类的说明文，这时需要先找出文章主体框架，即现象、原因及解决办法或建议，然后用简洁的语言概括。第四，议论文的概括：议论文的内容包括“观点、论据、结论”三个方面。所以，议论文的概括先要弄清楚文章的这三方面。概括对方观点首先要转换角度，即以第三人称或无人称来概括，关注文章的首尾句或首尾段。如果文章有一分为二的观点，那么两种观点都要概括。论据中有很多细节，要将细节信息删除。

总之，概括是一种能力，也是一种智慧，尤其对一些有字数规定的题目来说，运用恰当的策略和技巧精妙的概括显得尤为重要。灵活运用以上策略，为提高英语写作鉴定良好的基础，加上日常生动词汇以及语句的积累，学生英语写作水平的提高指日可待。

★ 高考记叙文

★ 综合类阅读概括的大意练习题

★ 《红楼梦》的大意

★ 高考记叙文写作

★ 高考精美记叙文

★ 高考满分记叙文

★ 阅读_初中记叙文

★ 阅读的优美段落

★ 英语段落：英语阅读双语版

★ 文言文段落阅读习题

2.概括段落大意的方法 篇二

关键词：阅读教学；方法；段落大意

归纳段落大意是一种提高学生理解能力、概括能力的重要途径，也是了解课文中心思想和写作意图的重要手段，对于培养和发展学生的思维能力有着重要的意义。在小学语文阅读教学中教师始终非常重视这种训练形式，采用多种方法引导学生归纳段落大意，取得了良好的教学效果。本文结合具体教学实例，简要阐述了引导学生归纳段落大意的具体做法。

一、利用摘句法归纳段落大意

摘句法是归纳段落大意的重要方法，也是较为简单的一种归纳段落大意的方法，在课文中存在很多现成的句子，这些句子有的是这一段落的中心句，有的是这一段落的过渡句，无论是中心句还是过渡句，都在段落中对于全段内容起着总结的作用。在阅读教学中，教师如果能够正确把握这些中心句或过渡句，并把它们摘录出来，作为总结归纳这一段大意的主体，也是一种好方法。但这种简单易学的方法并不是通用的，它仅仅适合那些含有中心句或过渡句的段落。

如，《威尼斯的小艇》一课的第四自然段，主要描述了船夫在众多的船只和极窄的水面上急速行驶的情景，归纳这一段的段落大意不必对本段所有内容进行总结概括，仅仅抓住本段的中心句，也就是本段开始的第一句话“船夫的驾驶技术特别好”来进行概括总结即可。利用这种方法进行归纳段落大意，并不是普遍现象，毕竟这种情况占少数，因此，在阅读中要正确认识哪些句子是中心句或过渡句，并善于利用中心句或过渡句来进行段落大意的归纳，这样既能降低归纳段落大意的难度，又能提高学习效率。

二、通过提问整理归纳段落大意

在语文阅读教学中，我们遇到的段落形式主要包括叙述性段落、说明性段落和议论性段落，对于这些段落教师都可以在学生归纳段落大意时采用提问的形式，通过提问回答的方式，对段落的主要内容和要表达的中心问题进行问答，最后将自己的答案进行总结整理，从而归纳出段落大意。这种问答式归纳段落大意的方法是非常有效的，也是充分调动学生思维的重要途径。

如，在学习《再见了，亲人》一课时，这一课的前三个自然段是教学的重点，讲述中朝人民的鱼水深情，在总结第三自然段的段落大意时，我们就可以运用提问整理法，首先提出问题：这一段主要讲述的人物是谁？他们干了些什么？（朝鲜大嫂背着孩子拄拐给志愿军送行）他们为什么来送行呢？（志愿军亲人就要走了）然后根据我们的问答整理出本段的段落大意：志愿军亲人要走了，朝鲜大嫂给他们送行。通过这种方法归纳段落大意不失为一种好的方法，能够让学生在归纳段落大意时有章可循，并且这种方法简单易学，对学生归纳出段落大意有着重要的指导意义。

三、利用合并归纳法总结段落大意

在阅读教学中经常会发现，很多段落并不是表达同一个意思，有的往往是多种意思并列存在的，这些并列的意思没有主次或先后之分，这就给我们归纳段落大意带来了困难，无法进行取舍。对于这种情况，教师在指導学生归纳段落大意时要注意不要随意舍弃，而是利用合并归纳方法将这几个并列的意思合并起来进行归纳总结，得出正确的段落大意。如，在教学《鲁滨逊漂流记》一课的第六自然段时，这一段描述的几件事都没有主次之分，我们可以将这一段的每句话进行归纳，第一句主要讲了鲁滨逊捕鱼打猎；第二句主要讲了鲁滨逊蓄养羊群；第三句主要讲了鲁滨逊种植小麦；第四句主要讲了鲁滨逊吃上了粮食。教师在总结归纳段落大意时就可以把这些进行合并，归纳成：这一段主要讲述了鲁滨逊通过捕鱼打猎、养羊、种麦等方法解决自己的生存问题。通过这种方法归纳段落大意有一个重要的前提就是这一段的几句话必须意思相近，没有主次之分，这就决定了这种方法具有局限性。

四、利用留主舍次法归纳段落大意

在较长的段落中往往表达的意思不止一个，这些意思有时是并列的，需要进行合并归纳，但是有时又不是并列的，有主次之分，对于这样的段落很显然无法采用合并归纳的方法，而要采用留主舍次的方法，即将段落的主要内容归纳出来，对于次要内容可以舍弃，这样既简化了归纳的过程，又归纳总结出段落的核心意思。如，在归纳《少年闰土》一课的“我于是日日盼望新年……”这一自然段的段落大意时，通过仔细阅读就会发现这一段虽然文字较多，但主要写了两层意思，一是我和闰土见面的情形；二是闰土见到城里人的情形。很显然第二层意思不是本段的重点，第一层意思才是本段的主要内容，因此，在归纳段落大意时教师就可以引导学生利用留主舍次法去掉第二层意思，只保留第一层意思，从而将段落大意归纳为：我和闰土见面的情形。通过这种方法进行归纳段落大意时一定要注意将主要内容归纳准确完整、简明扼要，切忌模糊复杂。

总之，在阅读教学中引导学生归纳段落大意是培养学生概括能力、思维能力的重要途径。在具体教学过程中，教师要重视归纳段落大意的教学环节，积极对学生进行方法指导，让学生在学习过程中熟练掌握摘句法、提问法、合并归纳法、留主舍次法等归纳段落大意的方法，不断提高学生的归纳总结能力和阅读理解能力。

参考文献：

[1]郝艳华.小学阅读教学中如何引导学生有效思维[J].快乐阅读，2013（33）.

[2]张文玉.浅谈小学语文阅读教学[J].课程教育研究，2014（4）.

[3]傅燕平.例谈小学生文本概括能力的培养[J].语文天地：小教版，2014（12）.

3.概括大意.unit4 篇三

We certainly do not now believe that dreams foretell the future.Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life and on our feelings.The events are usually very recent，mostly within the last two

days.Our emotions，on the other hand，our wishes，hopes and fears may go back many years，even to early childhood.此段落的大意是

Dreams cannot foretell the future.画面描述

Two cups are smiling，regardless of how much water either of them has.One cup is almost full while the other is not.寓意理解

People should always be optimistic，no matter what they have.Whether rich or poor，we should be happy to do something for society.Giving is the source of happiness.你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？

Ⅰ.词义辨析

1．The Second World War brought great ________ to the people

of Europe and the world.A．steamB．sufferingC．powerD．flame

2．The mountain climbers ________ in the storm were finally

rescued by helicopter.A．ruinedB．transportedC．trappedD．sheltered

3．I ________ hope that you’ll make an excellent engineer in the

future.A．extremelyB．fluentlyC．officiallyD．sincerely

4．More than twenty miners were reported to be ________ alive

when the tunnel fell in.A．buriedB．damagedC．expressedD．frightened

5．Don’t you realize the ________ these chemicals are doing to our

environment?

A．shelterB．trackC．damageD．outline

6．He defeated the other competitors and won the world

________ for the high jump.A．trackB．titleC．judgeD．headline

7．He ________ his back in Tuesday’s game，and will be unable

to play tomorrow.A．rescuedB．trappedC．shockedD．injured

8．Her actions ________ her love for her children more than any

words could do.A．commandedB．scheduledC．burstD．expressed

9．The car accident seemed to have completely ________ his

confidence.A．shockedB．requestedC．determinedD．destroyed

10．The natural ________ is believed to have caused heavy losses

in this area.A．viewB．blockC．voyageD．disaster

Ⅱ.短语填空

right away；run out of；at an end；in ruins；dig out；a

number of；think little of；fall down；as if；be proud of

1．His car was buried by the snow and had to be ________.2．They _______________ my suggestion，which made me a little

upset.3．Please wait for a moment.I’ll find the address for you

__________.4．Quite ____________ worldfamous paintings are on show in

this exhibition.5．The children were happy that the long hot summer was at last

________.6．We ___________ our son for not giving in to such difficulties.7．We couldn’t continue our way for we had __________ petrol.8．The earthquake left the whole town ________.What a terrible

sight!

9．You must watch your step so as not to __________.10．She was shaking with terror ________ she’d seen something

terrible.Ⅲ.完成句子

1．But the one million people of the city，_____________________________(对这些征兆满不在乎)，were asleep as usual that night.(think)

2．__________________________________________(有三分之二的人伤亡)during the earthquake.(injure)

3．The sound of planes could be heard outside Tangshan

________________________________(即使空中没有飞机

时)．(even)

Ⅳ.模仿造句

1．[翻译]好像什么事也没有发生过似的。

________________________________________

2．[翻译]我放眼望去，到处都是死亡与毁灭。

________________________________________________

3．Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，agreed that it was the best one this year.[翻译]她有三个儿子，他们都当了医生。

___________________________________________

4．July 28.[翻译]我们学校想请你明天给学生作个报告。

______________________________________________________

__________________

5．died in the terrible disaster.[翻译]上帝只帮助那些自己帮自己的人。

________________________________________

核心词汇梳理

1．burst vi.爆炸；裂开；突然发生

识记burst into“突然闯入；突然开始”，后通常接名词。

burst out“突然发生；突然爆发”，后可接动名词。

burst into tears/laughter/song突然哭起来、笑起来、唱起来

burst out crying/laughing/singing突然哭起来、笑起来、唱起来

The aircraft crashed and burst into flames.飞机坠毁后猛烈燃烧

起来。

They burst out laughing at the expression on her face.看到她脸上的表情，他们都大笑起来。识记burst forth突然出现或发生

burst in突然插嘴；打断

A cry of horror burst forth from the crowd.人群中突然传出一声惊恐的尖叫。

“I don’t see why we should do that，” Peter burst in.彼得突然插嘴说，“我不明白为什么我们要这么做。”

链接break out突然发生，爆发

break into闯入，突然开始

2．bury vt.埋葬；掩藏

Noel turned away，burying his face in the pillow.诺埃尔转过身，把头埋在枕头底下。

Your letter got buried under a pile of papers.你的信被压在一堆文件底下。

He walked slowly，his hands buried in his pockets.他双手插在口袋里缓步而行。

搭配 bury oneself in.../be buried in...埋头于；专心于

After the divorce，she buried herself in her work.离婚后，她埋头于工作。

He was buried in his studies.他专心学习。

3．judge vt.判断；判决；评价

As far as I can judge，all of them are to blame.依我看，他们都应承担责任。

句型 judge sb./sth.(to be)．..认为某人(某事)是……

The tour was judged to have been a great success.这次巡回演出被认为是巨大的成功。

At that point we judged it wise to leave them alone.在那种情况下，我们认为不去打扰他们是明智的。

搭配 judge...by/from...根据……判断……

You can’t judge a book by its cover.你不能根据封面来判断一本书。

Teachers tend to be judged by their students’ exam grades.人们常以学生的考试分数来评判教师的优劣。

搭配 judging by/from...意为“依……来判断”，是现在分词短

语，通常在句中作独立状语。

Judging by the look on Adam’s face，the news must have been

terrible.从亚当的表情来看，肯定是可怕的消息。

Judging by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.从她上封信看，他们过得非常愉快。

congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺

搭配 congratulate sb.on/upon sth.祝贺某人……

She congratulated me warmly on my exam results.她热烈祝贺我考试取得好成绩。

I congratulated him on his recent promotion.我祝贺他最近升职了。

句型congratulate sb.on doing sth.祝贺某人做了某事

congratulate oneself on(doing)sth.庆幸自己(做了)某事

The authors are to be congratulated on producing such a clear and authoritative work.要向创作出这样一部具有权威性又清晰易懂作品的作者们表示祝贺。

I was congratulating myself on my lucky escape when disaster struck.我暗自庆幸灾难降临时自己幸免于难。

congratulation n.祝贺；祝词；恭喜

提示 congratulation一般用其复数形式。

You have passed the test? Congratulations！

你通过测试啦？祝贺你！

Please accept my sincere congratulations on your marriage.谨以至诚祝贺你们喜结良缘。

链接 celebrate庆祝，歌颂

1．right away 立刻；马上

I’m getting in touch with him right away.我要马上与他取得联系。

And now we must be off right away.It’s already 8 o’clock.现在我们要立刻出发，都已经8点了。

2．at an end 结束；终结

He went on spending lavishly until his money was at an end.他继续出手大方，直到钱花光为止。

Serious differences on this issue among the leaders are now at

an end.那些领导人在这一问题上的严重分歧已没有了。

3．in ruins 成为废墟的；荒芜的；失败的The old castle lies in ruins.那座城堡成为一片瓦砾。

His government’s China policy seems in ruins.他的政府的对华政策看来完全失败了。

拓展 bring...to ruin使……毁灭，使……没落

fall in/into ruin灭亡，荒废

go/come to ruin灭亡，荒芜

Everything has gone to ruin.每件东西都已毁坏了。

1．Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。

【要点指南】 句中的looking是现在分词作伴随状语。现在分

词作伴随状语时，表示分词动作与句子的主语之间是主动关

系，且与谓语动词同时发生，多数情况下可改为“and＋并列

谓语动词”。

He got home，feeling exhausted.他回到家，感觉很疲惫。

She rushed out of the room，slamming the door behind.她冲出房间，砰地一声把门关上。

She lay awake all night，recalling the events of the day.她躺在床上，整夜未眠，回想着当天发生的事情。

拓展如果分词动作与句子的主语之间是被动关系，或分词表

示某人所处的状态时，就要用过去分词作伴随状语。

He got home，exhausted.他疲惫不堪地回到了家。

He gave a smile，satisfied with the result.他笑了笑，对结果表示满意。

She turned away，disappointed.她失望地走开了。

2．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been

destroyed.工人们为那些家园遭受破坏的幸存者建了住所。

【要点指南】 whose homes had been destroyed是定语从句。

关系代词whose引导定语从句时，whose在从句中充当定语，whose指人，也可指物。

He is a man whose opinion I respect.他是我尊重其意见的人。

It’s the house whose door is painted red.这就是那所门被涂成红色的房子。

拓展“whose＋n.”引导的定语从句中，如果whose指物时，可换用“the＋n.＋of which”或“of which＋the＋n.”结构。

The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.房顶受损的房子现在已修好了。

4.职称英语综合类概括大意练习例题 篇四

There are individual sports, also, such as golf and swimming. In addition, hiking, fishing, siding and mountain climbing have a great attraction for people who like to be outdoors. Chess, card-playing , and dancing are forms of indoor recreation enjoyed by many people. Not everyone who enjoys sporting events likes to participate in them. Many people prefer to be spectators, either by attending the games in person, watching them on television, or listening to them on the radio. When there is an important baseball game or boxing match, it is almost impossible to get tickets; everyone wants to attend. It doesn t matter whether we play a fast game of ping-pong, concentrate over the bridge table, or go walking through the woods on a brisk autumn afternoon. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time and enjoy some form of recreation.

练习：

1. Paragraph 2____________.

2. Paragraph3____________.

3. Paragraph4____________.

A) The important of having recreation

B) The recreation centers

C) Type of sports

D) Fun of being spectators

4. To keep fit and enjoy life , all of us must have____________.

5. Participating in door sports or outdoor sports is a good way___________.

6. Many people prefer watching games to__________.

7. It is generally believed that those who work all the time and do not know how to relax_______.

A) must be very boring

B) some kind of recreati

C) participating in them

D) to relax oneself

E) to choose one s own way of relaxing

Keys: CDABDCA

1.职称英语综合类概括大意练习(1)

2.20职称英语综合类概括大意练习(4)

3.年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(5)

4.职称英语综合类概括大意练习参考题

5.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习3

6.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习9

7.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习10

8.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(2)

9.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(3)

5.概括段落大意的方法 篇五

PASSAGE 5 ?

Recreation and Sports

”All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" is a popular saying in the United States. Other countries have similar sayings. It is true that all of us need recreation. We cannot work all the time if we are going to maintain good health and enjoy life. Good physical and mental health in fact enables us to work more efficiently.

Everyone has his own way of relaxing .Perhaps the most popular way is to participate in sports. There are team sports, such as baseball, basketball, and football. There are individual sports, also, such as golf and swimming. In addition, hiking, fishing, siding and mountain climbing have a great attraction for people who like to be outdoors. Chess, card-playing , and dancing are forms of indoor recreation enjoyed by many people.

Not everyone who enjoys sporting events likes to participate in them. Many people prefer to be spectators, either by attending the games in person, watching them on television, or listening to them on the radio. When there is an important baseball game or boxing match, it is almost impossible to get tickets; everyone wants to attend.

It doesn t matter whether we play a fast game of ping-pong, concentrate over the bridge table, or go walking through the woods on a brisk autumn afternoon. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time and enjoy some form of recreation.

练习：

1. Paragraph 2____________.

2. Paragraph3____________.

3. Paragraph4____________.

A) The important of having recreation

B) The recreation centers

C) Type of sports

D) Fun of being spectators

4. To keep fit and enjoy life , all of us must have____________.

5. Participating in door sports or outdoor sports is a good way___________.

6. Many people prefer watching games to__________.

7. It is generally believed that those who work all the time and do not know how to relax_______.

6.《老人与海》段落大意 篇六

第一部分(开头～后来它就慢慢地沉了下去)，老人与第一次与一头鲨鱼的搏斗。

第二部分(“它咬去了大约四十磅”～他连一只鸟儿也看不见)，写老人杀死一条鲨鱼之后的心理活动。

第三部分(他已经在海里走了两个钟头～也许结果会很好的)，写老人与两条星鲨的搏斗。

第四部分(“下一个来到的鲨鱼是一条犁头鲨”～“鲨鱼才又向他扑来”)，与犁头鲨的战斗。

第五部分(“老头儿看见两上褐色的鳍”～“即使现在也能行”)，老人又与另两条星鲨搏斗。

第六部分(“他不愿再朝那条死鱼看一眼”～“我多么希望我不必再跟它们斗呀”)，写筋疲力尽的老人的心理活动。

第七部分(“可是到了半夜时候”～“没有其重无比的东西在旁边拖累它了”)，与群鲨的搏斗。

第八部分(“船还是好好的”～结尾)，与鲨鱼搏斗了一夜的老人回到家里。

故事梗概

桑提亚哥是古巴的一个老渔夫，他年轻时非常出色，强健有力，他曾经和一个黑人比赛掰腕子，比了一天一夜，最后终于战胜了对手。到了晚年，他的经历和反应都不如从前，老婆死后，他一个人孤独地住在海边简陋的小茅棚里。

7.概括段落大意的方法 篇七

1.Paragraph 3----(Land and Population)2.Paragraph 4----(The Natives of the Land)3.Paragraph 5----(Transportation Problm)

4.Paragraph 6----(Rich Resources of the State)5.For as long as….(shines day and night)on….6.According to statistics(only a very…)of…..7.Alaska was…bought(by the United States….)8.Gold did not…much wealth(as fish does)Architecture建筑学

1.Paragraph 2---(Restoration of…)2.Paragraph 3---(Building Materials)3.Paragraph 4---(Need of….)

4.Paragraph 5---(Factors Affecting…)

5.Some buildings…useful(but also beautiful … at)6Ancient Greek..influential(even in..century)7.As modern life of buildings(to meet their needs)8.The use of...role(in the development…)

English and English Community 英语与英语群体 1.Paragraph 2---(The Definition of…)2.Paragraph 3---(The Composition of….)3.Paragraph 4---(The Wide Use of English)4.Paragraph 5---(The Advantages of….)5.Only through..language(can a speech…)

6.The idea of…from(that of a speech community)7Speakers are..two group(for the sake..simplicity)8.An understanding of English(has played an….)Earthquake地震

1.Paragraph 2---(Intensities of Earthquakes)2.Paragraph 3---(Cause of Earthquakes)3.Paragraph 4---(Earthquake’s Forecast)4.Paragraph 5---(Indications ofEarthquakes)5.Not all damage…is caused(by the quake itself)6.Not all earthquakes…enough(to cause damage…)7.Scientists have..people(of a possible earthquake)8.Earthquakes..observing(the unusual behaviors..)How to Argue with Your Boss 怎样与老板争论 1.Paragraph 2---(Dot’t Go in When..)2.Paragraph 3---(Make the Issue Clear)3.Paragraph 4---(Propose Your Solution)4.Paragraph 5---(Put Yourself in….)5.If you want to..first(how he is feeling)

6.It is necessary to…boss(what you really…)7.It is not wise…problem(without suggesting…)8.You must be…troubles(the boss may have)

Museums in the Modern World现代世界的博物馆 1.Paragraph 2---(Museums Getting Closer…)2.Paragraph 3---(New Notions about…)3.Paragraph 4---(Causes of Changes)4.Paragraph 5---(Increasing Number…)

5.Now museums are..but(are open to more…)6.With the development…people(have higher..)7.To meet the…museums(have been built…)8.Two major problems…they(charge too little..)The Paper Chase 文件整理

1.Paragraph 2---(Find a Place to Work on)2.Paragraph 3---(Get Rid of…)

3.Paragraph 4---(Dealing With Bills)4.Paragraph 5---(What Is a Good…)

5.Stephanie Denton is expert(in paper chase)6.You can put your…condition(that it is…)7.Coupons should…because(they are useless)8.Mentally flexible…fact(that different people..)Transport and Trade 交通与贸易

1.Paragraph 2---(Importance of Transport in Trade)2.Paragraph 3---(Higher Living Standard…)3.Paragraph 4---(Brith OF Transport…)4.Paragraph 5---(Role of Information…)

5The development…(has greathy promoted trade)6.Only when…quickly(is it possible to produce…)7.Transport has…want(at any time during the year)8.In the trade of…arole as(the transport of goods)The Making of Success Story发迹史 1.Paragraph 2----(The origin of IKEA)

2.Paragraph3----(Specialization in selling furniture)3.Paragraph4----(Success brought…of showrooms)4.Paragraph 5----(Flat packaging-feature of IKEA)5.Even when he..a child(Ingvar Lamprad…)6.(ILEA began as a small…),and years later … 7.Customers liked the idea of …(here they can …)8.As flat…(it is highly welcomed by both)

Why Dose Food Cost So Much 为何食品开销如此

之大

1.Paragraph3---(Farmers’Denialof Increased Profit)2.Paragraph4---(Middlemen’s Limited … Profit)3Paragraph5-(A surprising Answer..theEconomists)4.Paragraph6---(The Cost of Convenience)

5Many people agree…failed(to agree on..increase)6Thefarmers..very much(Nor have the middlemen)7Housewives have to..they save(by buying…food)8The economists..lies in(the popularization…food)IsThere aWay to Keep the Britain’s Economy Growing?

是否有办法使英国经济继续保持增长

1.Paragraph 2(Gift Of Talking)

2.Paragraph 3(Strength Of the Creative Economy)3.Paragraph 4(Weakness of the Creative Economy)4.Paragraph 5(“Se rvant”Economy)

5.Every country has…way(to feed its people)6.The British … seem(to worry about…economy)7.The creative…difficult(to make a profit)

8.Many graduates..employed(to do low skill jiobs)Intelligence：a Changed View

智力：一个转变了的观念

1.Paragraph2(Effect of Environment..Intelligence)2.Paragraph4(Main Results of Recent Researches)3.Paragraph5(A Changed View of Intelligence)4.Paragraph6(Impact on School Education)

5.It was.(that intelligence…with)..intelligence． 6.More recent…(and partly … living environment)7.It can be …(have..his intelligence)if… language． 8.Children were not just(born..intelligent)at school How we Form First Impression对别人的第一印象

是怎么形成的1.Paragraph 2---(Comparing Incoming Sensory---)2.Paragraph 3---(Illustration of First Impression)3.Paragraph 4---(Comment on First Impression)4.Paragraph 5---(Ways of Departure from Immature 5.sensory information is--(the sights and sounds--)6 You interpret(the meaning of incoming---)The way we stereotype—(the immature form of)8 We can use our more—(the most complex areas)Wasshoe LearnedAmerican Sign Language Wasshoe学会了美国手语

1.Paragraph1----(General Information---washoe)2.Paragraph2----(Report about Washoe’s Progress)3.Paragraph3----(Debate on Chimps’Intelligence)4.Paragraph 4----(Reason why not---Nowadays)5.Washoe could make…(when she wanted to)6.Some scientists doubted…(if the Gardener’s)7.Washoe taught three…(whil she was at)8.The experimenters…(because she could)Searching for Smiles

1.Paragraph 2 E(Reasons to Be Happiness)2.Paragraph 3 C(Definition of Happiness)

3.Paragraph 4D(Cultural Differences in Happiness)4.Paragraph 5 A（Happiest Culture）

5.studying D(cultural differences)in happiness 6.Professor Deine believes that a happy person is less prone to F(illnesses)

7.Once we have got enough to feel safe ,money does not make E(much)difference to our happiness.8.According------appreciate B(ordinary happiness)Estee Lauder Died 1.Paragraph 2 F(Birth)

2.Paragraph 3 A(Early career)3.Paragraph 4 C(Products)

4.Paragraph 5 E(Cosmetics empress)

5.Lauder regarded beauty B(as the most important thing in life)

6.Lauder died A(at the age of 97)

7.Before------formulated C(by John Schotz)8.After retirement------interest E(in cosmetics)Ford

1.Paragraph 1 F(Ford’s great talent)2.Paragraph 2 B(The assembly line)

3.Paragraph 3 E(Ford’s biggest contribution)4.Paragraph 4 C(Ford’s great dream)

5.The---possibleto D(produce cars in large numbers)

6.Ford was the first to adopt E(the 8-hour shift)7.Ford’s cars---thanks to C(their lower prices)8.Ford’s---strongly A(criticized by the media)

Robots

1.Paragraph 2 B(Extension of Use)2.Paragraph 3 E(Falling Demand)3.Paragraph 5 C(Robot Heroes)4.Paragraph 6 D(Greater Reliability)

5.Even---are B(based on American designs)6.Robots---partly because C(they are too costly)7.One---consume A(too much energy)

8.It is claimed--is E(good to quality control)Can Mobile Phones Cause Disease 1.Paragraph 2 C(Groundless Anxiety)2.Paragraph 3 E(Mysterious Effects)

3.Paragraph 4D(No Effect on Short-term Memory)4.Paragraph 5 F(Further Reassurance)

5.There is noD(solid evidence)to indicate that6.It B(is hoped)that mobile phones might be good7.The safety---has E(attracted public attention)8.Tattersall said for sure that the F(public)over---Even Intelligent People Can Fail 1.Paragraph 2 C(Edison’s innovation)

2.Paragraph 3 D(Edison’s comment on failure)

3.Paragraph4A(Importance of learning from failure)

4.Paragraph5B(Quality shared by most innovators)5.People ofter didn’t---when D(they quitted)

6.Before---car(he found himself anunsuccessful man)

7.Wath---that(he couldn’t afford to buya pairof shoes)

8.The--that(an innovation should work immediately)

Global Warming

1.Paragraph 2 E(The Authoritative Conclusion)2.Paragraph 3 C(The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols)

3.Paragraph 4 B(The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop)

4.Paragraph 5 D(The Scientists’Agreement)

5.When the cover diminishes in the coming decades ,temperature C(will rise rapidly)

6.The conclusion reached at the Berilin workshop B(was some what surprising)

7.The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure E(was much higher than had been expected)8.The increase of greenhouse gases A(will influence future climate change)Keeping Cut Flowers

1.Paragraph 2 D（Most lmportant Aspect of Flower Care）

2.Paragraph 3 C(Role of Respiration)3.Paragraph 4 A(Control of Respiration)4.Paragraph 5 E（Need for Clean Water）

5.A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers D(for as long as possible)

6.Respiration plays a key role B(in the life of cut flowers)

7.The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down E(by controlling temperature)

8.概括段落大意的方法 篇八

PASSAGE 10 ?

Singapore

?1 Singapore is an independent city-state in southeastern Asia, consisting of one major island -the Singapore island-and more than 50 small islands, located off the southern tip of Malay. The city of Singapore, the capital of the country, is at the southeastern end of the Singapore Island; it is one of the most important port cities and commercial centers of Southeast Asia. The total area of the republic is 640 sq.km.

2 Low-lying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief(轮廓鲜明的.) features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176m. The country has a wet tropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 27.20°C. The average annual rainfall is 2.413 mm, the wettest months are November through January.

3 Singapore is governed under a constitution of 1959. A president, elected to a four-year term, is head of state, and a prime minister is head of government. The president used to be selected by Parliament, but by 1991 constitutional amendment (修正案), the president is now elected directly by the people. The Parliament is the law-making body with its 81 members popularly elected.

4 In the late 1980s the country had some 290 primary schools with 278,300 pupils and 160 secondary schools with 200,200 students. The main institution of higher education are the National University of Singapore, several technical colleges, and a teachers college.

5 Singapore has one of the highest standards of living of any country in Asia. In the late 1980s the gross domestic product was estimated at $23.7 billion, or $8,870 per person. The fishing industry is centered on the port of During, on southwestern Singapore Island. Industry has grown rapidly since the 1960s, and Singapore now produces a diversity(多样化的) of goods, including chemicals, electronic items, clothing, and processed foods, etc. Shipbuilding and petroleum refining are also important.

1. Paragraph 2____