历年专升本考试试题

历年专升本考试试题（精选8篇）

1.历年专升本考试试题 篇一

阅读理解

Passage One

Expecting a baby?

HEALTHY BABY: Manitoba’s Prenatal(怀孕)Benefit and Community Support Programs

It’s what’s inside that counts

When you’re pregnant, it’s important that you eat well to help you and your growing baby.That’s why if you live in Manitoba and your net family income is less that $ 32,000 a year, the Manitoba government offers you a monthly cheque during your pregnancy to help you buy healthy foods and prepare for your baby’s arrival.How to apply

Pick up an application form from medical offices, Healthy Baby community programs or by calling the number below.The application form must include a medical note indicating your baby’s due date, so see your health care provider early.More support for you and your baby

Through Healthy Child Manitoba, Healthy Baby also offers community programs which help you to learn more about nutrition, health and parenting a baby.For more information, please call:

945-1301(in Winnipeg)

1-888-848-0140(at no cost)

945-1305 TDD(Telephone Device for the Deaf)

1.What program is this passage about?

A.Baby food.B.Low-income families.C.Women’s health.D.Birth and growth of healthy babies.2.Who can enjoy the benefits of the program?

A.Pregnant women of high risk.B.pregnant women of first child.C.pregnant women in good health.D.Pregnant women with low income.3.The most important information to be filled in the application forms is ______.A.the pregnant woman’s name B.when the baby is due to arrive

C.the pregnant woman’s medical history D.in which hospital the baby is to be delivered

4.Healthy Baby will also provide more help in all aspects but ______.A.baby education B.baby nutrition C.baby parenting D.baby health

5.For further information, the deaf can ______.A.call 945-1305TDD B.dial 1-888-848-0140

C.visit their health care provider D.send email to a medical office

Passage Two

In the past, people who graduated from college felt proud of their academic achievements and confident that their degree would help them to find a good job.However, in the past four years the job market has changed dramatically.This year’s college graduates are facing one of the worst job markets.For example, Ryan Stewart, a graduate of san Jose State University, got a degree in religious studies, but he has not gotten any job offers.He points out that many people already working are getting laid off and don’t have jobs, so it’s even harder for new college graduates to find jobs.Four years ago, the future looked bright for his class of 2006.There were many high-tech(“dotcom”)job opportunities, graduates received many job offers, and they were able to get jobs with high salaries and benefits such as health insurance and paid vacations.However, “Times have changed.It’s a new market.” according to an officer of the university.The officer says students who do find jobs started preparing two years ago.They worked during summer vacations, they have had several short-time jobs, and they majored in fields that are still paying well, such as accounting or nursing.Even teaching is not a secure profession now.Ryan Stewart wanted to be a teacher, but instead he will probably go back to school in order to become a college teacher.He thinks college teaching could be a good career even in a bad economy.In conclusion, these days a college degree does not automatically lead to a good job with a high salary.Some students can only hope that the value of their degree will increase in the future.1.What did a college degree mean to people in the past?

A.It was a proof of their professional skills.B.It would guarantee their quick promotion.C.It built up their confidence in the job market.D.It would help them to start an academic career.2.Ryan Stewart has not got any job offer because_______.A.there are too many graduates of his major

B.he wants to find a job with very high salary

C.he has not received a degree in the university

D.the job market has changed greatly since 2002

3.According to the passage, _______ had the best job prospects in 2002.A.computer science B.accounting C.teaching D.nursing

4.Why does Ryan Stewart want to be a college teacher?

A.Teaching jobs are well-paid.B.He majored in teaching in the university.C.College teaching is less challenging than high-tech jobs.D.College teaching career won’t be influenced by economy.5.It can be concluded from the passage that _______.A.the value of a college degree has decreased now.B.new college graduates today can’t find jobs.C.a college degree can still lead to a good job.D.graduates must prepare early to find jobs.Passage Three

Shoron Keating was worried about her kids when she got a divorce.Her daughter says, “ I was feeling „ like down and sad even though I didn’t really show it.Judith Wallerstein says problems from divorce can last many years.They can show up when the kids are adults.And the kids have their own trouble.Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation.The results can be found in her book.She says that children of divorce are more likely to have problems with drugs.They are far more likely to seek therapy.About 40 percent of them avoid marriage themselves.When they do marry, fail at nearly twice the usual rate.It is hard for them to trust.They are afraid of failing.Critics say Wallerstein had too few children in her study.They think that Wallerstein stresses too much from a small study.Other things may be the cause of the kid’s problem.The study does not compare kids from divorced families with kids from “healthy” families.Wallerstein’s families divorced a generation ago.Times have changed.People feel different about divorce.Today programs like Kid’s Turn try to reduce some of the effects of divorce with family advice.Talking about their feelings helps the kids get though it.Since they know more about the problem, maybe the kids will be able to handle it.1.Which word can best describe the kids from divorced families according to Paragraph 1?

A.Offensive B.Relieved C.Depressed D.Prejudiced

2.Children from divorced families who marry later will ______.A.have no trust in other people

B.be more likely to get divorced

C.firmly protect their marriage

D.have stable marriage

3.Wallerstein’s study showed that ______.A.divorce left the children with many problems

B.all the problems showed up right after the divorce

C.divorce could be avoided

D.divorce is the only cause of children mature earlier

4.Which of the following is critics’ opinion?

A.Healthy families do not have problems.B.All the related factors were considered in the study.C.Divorce is the only cause of child problems.D.The number of families studied was not sufficient.5.Today children from divorced families______.A.have no more problems

B.are getting more care and help

C.are less able to handle their problems

D.are told not to talk about their problems

Passage Four

It is still sometimes difficult to understand why those between ages 10 and 18 would endanger their lives by joining armed forces or rebel groups and become fighting soldiers.The recently published book, Young Soldier, Why They Choose to Fight By Rachel Brett and Irma Specht, tries to find an answer.There is no doubt that children fight in most armed conflicts today.While international attention focuses largely on those who are forced into battles, thousands more enlist(应征入伍)voluntarily.In an attempt to to understand the young who take up arms, Brett and Specht interviewed 53 boy and girl soldiers and ex-soldiers from around the world, Afghanistan , Colombia, the Republic of the Congo for example.All interviewees were involved with armed forces or armed groups before the age of 18 and all classified themselves as volunteers.What these two field officers heard is “I joined involuntarily-if you have nothing, you volunteer for the army”.Other reasons young people gave are self-defense, revenge, poverty, and unemployment.But while it is common knowledge that most child soldiers come from poor and disadvantaged backgrounds, Young Soldiers shows that the issue is far more complex.Many poor children do not join the army.The environmental, educational, social, cultural, and highly personal factors determine whether someone decide to join up or not.The battlefield is not a place for children.One young soldier described being there as “too sad an experience”.The authors hope that by understanding why teenagers join up, those child soldiers should know how to discourage others from the same tragedy.1.Young Soldiers, Why They Choose to Fight is ______.A.a book B.a magazine C.a news report D.a TV program

2.According to paragraph 3, Brett and Specht’s interviewees _______.A.joined armed forces under 18

B.considered going into the army their duty

C.were only from African countries

D.were mainly the ex-soldiers

3.The reasons shown in young soldiers for children to join the army are______.A.very simple B.very complex C.unknown D.unbelievable

4.The writers of Young Soldiers probably expect that ______.A.child soldier would leave armed forces

B.they could find more than 53 interviewees

C.no more children would join armed forces

D.there would be no wars in the world

5.The tone of the passage is ______.A.pleasant B.indifferent C.humorous D.objective

Passage Five

It’s interesting that technology often works as a servant for us, yet frequently we become a servant to it.E-mail is a useful tool but many feel controlled by this new vehicle.The average businessperson is getting about 80-e-mails per day and many feel that about 80% of the messages in their “In Box” are of little or no value.So, I have four suggestions to help you to become better at “Easing E-mail”.1.Get off the lists.The best way to deal with a problem is to never have it.If you are receiving a lot of unwanted e-mails, ask to be removed from the various lists.This would include your inclusion in unwanted “cc” lists.2.“Unlisted address”.Just like getting an “unlisted” telephone number that you share only with those whom you want to give direct access, you might want to get a separate e-mail address only for the important communications you wish to receive.3.Check it once or twice per day.Many I speak with are becoming chained to their email server, monitoring incoming email on a continuous basis.Maybe this is because e-mail creates its own sense of urgency, but most of the communications are not all that urgent.I respond to them a couple of times per day.4.Deal with it.As you open each e-mail do one of the following:

a.If it requires a quick response, respond to it and delete it.b.If it requires a response but is not the best use of your time, try to find someone else to do it.c.If it is going to take any serious amount of time to respond, schedule it for action in your Day Planner and then download the message, save it, or print it out for future action.I personally receive approximately 250 e-mails per day and by practicing the suggestions above, I can handle that volume in about an hour, taking advantage of this fantastic tool but not being controlled by it to the distraction of more important tasks in my day.1.The passage is about ______.A.how to check e-mails

B.how to collect e-mails

C.how to deal with your daily e-mails

D.how to deal with 80% valueless e-mails

2.If you get unwanted e-mails, the best you can do is to______.A.make a list of them

B.put them into “cc” lists

C.send them to a special address

D.delete them from different lists

3.For the important communications, the writer suggests that you______.A.have a direct access for them

B.have several e-mail servers for them

C.get an unlisted phone number for them

D.get a special e-mail address for them

4.To avoid being chained by the coming e-mails, what you can do is to ______.A.respond urgent ones only

B.reply all of them at the same time

C.handle them a couple of times daily

D.keep replying e-mails all day long

5.To deal with an e-mail you get, you can do the following EXCEPT______.A.downloading every e-mail before you reply

B.responding right away if it’s urgent

C.scheduling it for later reply if it takes much time

D.asking someone else to reply it if it’s not at your convenience

Passage Six

During the Christmas shopping rush in London, the interesting story was reported of a tramp who, apparently though no fault of his own, found himself locked in a well-known chain store late on Christmas Eve.No doubt the store was crowded with last-minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and longing to get home.Probably all the proper security checks were made before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three-day holiday untroubled by customers desperate to get last-minute Christmas presents.However ridiculous that may be, our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it.There was food, drink, bedding and camping equipment, of which he made good use.There must also have been television sets and radios.Though it was not reported if he took advantages of these facilities, when the shop reopened he was discovered in bed with a large number of empty bottles beside him.He seem to have been a man of good humor as indeed tramps very commonly are.Everyone else was enjoying Christmas, so he saw no good reason why he should not do the same.He yielded himself cheerfully, and was taken by the police.Perhaps he had had a better Christmas than usual.He was sent to prison for seven days.The judge awarded no compensation to the chain store for the food and drink our tramp had consumed.They had, in his opinion, already received valuable free publicity from the story revealed in the newspaper and on television.Perhaps the judge had had a good Christmas, too.1.The tramp was locked in the store ______.A.for 7 days B.on purpose C.by accident D.for security reasons

2.It can be inferred from the passage that the underlined phrase “dead beat” in paragraph 1 means ______.A.angry B.exhausted C.forgetful D.careless

3.Which of the following was uncertain about the tramp after he was locked in the store?

A.He watched TV.B.He was well fed.C.he had a sound sleep D.He had a good drink.4.When the tramp was arrested, he ______.A.was drunk B.felt he deserved it C.made no resistance D.felt himself wronged

5.The judge didn’t award compensation to the chain store because ______.A.the store was responsible for what happened

B.the report of the event benefited the store a lot

C.the tramp had stolen nothing of value

D.the tramp was penniless

Passage Seven

If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think.This is the research result of professor Faulkner, who says that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.Professor Faulkner wanted to find out why healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and to reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slow down.He set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and occupations.Computer technology enabled him to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intelligence and emotion, and determine the human character.Contraction of front and side partswas observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-and seventy-year-olds.Faulkner concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to slow the contractionand after that I don’t remember any more.”

Mr.Collins is now in hospital, being treated for minor injuries.We will be bringing you further news of the crash as we receive it.In the meantime relatives are asked to ring 02-3457211 for information.1.The plane was ______.A.flying some businessmen to London B.on a regular flight to London

C.returning from a trade fair D.bound for Carlisle

2.What happened when the plane was nearing Carlisle?

A.The pilot misread the signals from Ground Control.B.Ground Control failed to send out right instructions.C.The pilot got a report of terrible weather.D.The engines broke down.3.According to the passage, the plane crashed at ______.A.a place in southern England B.a place of historical interest

C.a military training camp D.a camp near London

4.The news report tells us that when the crash occurred ______.A.the ambulance and firemen arrived quickly B.none of the passengers was killed

C.no additional help was necessary D.help was long delayed

5.From what Mr.Collins said, we can know that he ______.A.had only an incomplete picture of what happened B.heard and saw nothing at all

C.talked to the pilot D.was once a pilot

Passage Nine

Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team.A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛)involving four youth teams.Each match lasted an hour divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament.Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkable high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail.Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident.When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action.The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters.The research shows the optimum(最佳的)distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed.Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second.The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFA’ s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided.If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.1.The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ______.A.set a standard for football refereeing

B.reexamine the rules for football refereeing

C.analyse the causes of errors made by football referees

D.review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup

2.The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ______.A.quite unexpected B.slightly above average

C.as high as in a standard match D.higher than in the 1998 World Cup

3.The finding of the experiment show that ______.A.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot

B.the more slowly the referee runs the more likely will errors occur

C.the farther the referees is from the incident the fewer the errors

D.errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

4.The word “official”(Line2,Para.4)most probably refers to ______.A.the researchers involved in the experiment

B.the referees of the football tournament

C.the observers at the site of the experiment

D.the inspectors of the football tournament

5.What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

A.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.B.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.C.The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.Passage Ten

Toronto: A 300-pound adult Siberian tiger escaped from its four-meter high chain-link-pen at the Toronto Zoo yesterday, on one of the busiest days of the year.Though no one was hurt, the dangerous animal was separated from the public for a time by nothing more than a four-foot fence.The escape occurred after one of the animal’s handlers left the pen gate open.It prompted a swift response from officials.Staff were sent immediately to arrest the runaway tiger.General Manager Calvin White told reporters that staff were preparing for the worst.“I ordered a tranquilizer(麻醉剂)gun so we would have tranquilized her, but thankfully we didn’t have to,” Mr.White said.The tiger was successfully led back into its cage after the brief escape.The incident occurred during the Toronto Zoo’s 28th annual Christmas Treats Walk, where admission is free in return for donations of food that does not easily go bad.Thousands of people attend each Boxing Day to see the animals fed by their handlers.1.The tiger escape happened ______.A.owing to the lack of food B.due to its separation from the public

C.because of the handler’s neglect of duty D.as a result of the damage chain and fence

2.Who is Calvin White?

A.A managerial staff of the Zoo.B.A journalist from National post.C.A witness of the incident.D.A zoo animal handler.3.We know from the passage that ______.A.the tiger escape lasted a whole day

B.the zoo workers planned to shoot the tiger dead

C.the tiger wasn’t kept securely enough from the public

D.the incident took place on the zoo’s anniversary day

4.The Best title for the news report is ______.A.Pen-Animal B.Zoo Tiger-Wandering Free

C.Siberian Tiger-Dangerous Animal D.Zoo-Dangerous site

Passage Eleven

“I love you, Bob.” “I love you, too, Nancy.” It was 2 a.m.and I was hearing my parents’ voices through the thin wall separating my bedroom from theirs.Their loving words were sweet, touching-and surprising.My parents married on September 14, 1940, after a brief dating.She was nearing 30 and knew it was time to start a family.The handsome, well-educated man who came by the office where she worked looked like a good bet.He was attracted by her figure, her blue eyes.The romance didn’t last long.Seeds of difference grew almost immediately.She liked to travel;he hated the thought.He loved golf;she did not.He was a Republican, she a loyal Democrat.They fought at the bridge table, at the dinner table, over money, over the perceived shortcomings of their respective in-laws.There was a hope that they would change once they retired, and the angry winds did calm somewhat, but what remained changed itself into bright, hard bitterness.“I always thought we’d „” my mother would begin, before launching into a precise listing of my father’s faults.The complaints were recited so often, I can repeat them by heart today.As he listened, my father would say angry threats and curses in a low voice.It wasn’t the happiest marriage, but as their 60th anniversary approached, my sister and I decided to throw a party.Sixty years was a long time, after all;why not try to make the best of things? We’d provide the cake, the balloons, the toasts, and they’d follow one rule: no fighting.The agreement was honored.We had a wonderful day.When we thought back, we found it was an important celebration, because soon after, things began to change for my parents.1.Bob married Nancy because of ______.A.her nice appearance B.her good education

C.her romantic nature D.her position as an office girl

2.When the writer told the story, the mother was probably ______ years old.A.60 B.70 C.80 D.90

3.What do we know about the writer’s parents?

A.Their marriage is a total failure.B.They had different hobbies.C.They had serious money problem.D.They stopped quarrelling after they had children.4.The purpose for the writer to hold the party is ______.A.to recall the 60 years’ marriage life of her parents

B.to stop the long fighting between her parents

C.just to celebrate her parents’ 60th anniversary

D.to have a good time for family’s reunion

Passage Twelve

What can you do to recall your dreams more often and interpret them more clearly? The experts offer these suggestions:

Develop an idea.Before you go to sleep, consciously think about a topic or a person you’d like to dream about.Raise a question that’s troubling you and see how your dream responds to it.Keep track.Next to your bed, place a pen and some paper, or a tape recorder or laptop, to record your dreams as soon as you wake up.Try to wake up naturally, without the help of an alarm clock or barking dog that can interrupt

your dream cycle.If your schedule doesn’t allow you to sleep in during the week, begin your dream journey on a weekend or during a vacation.Wake up slowly.For the first moment after you wake up, lie still and keep your eyes closed, because your dream may be connected to your body position while you slept.Try to recall the dream and then store it in your memory by giving it a name like “Late for an exam” or “My Date with Ashley Judd”.When you rise, immediately write down as many images, feelings and impressions as you can.Connect the dots.To better interpret your dreams, try to make connections between you recalled dreams and recent events.Do you recognize people from the present or past? Can you detect any themes from the dream? Look for patterns over several dreams that might help explain an individual dream.Change the outcome.If you have nightmares happening again and again that make it difficult to sleep, try to change the endings.Once you wake up from a bad dream, imagine a change in the action to create a more positive outcome.If you are trapped, try to fly.In your dream, you can do what you want!

1.The passage advices you to “wake up slowly” ______.A.because dreaming usually happens not long before you wake up

B.because sleeping posture may be related to your dream

C.so as not to connect your dreams

D.so as not to have a nightmare

2.The underlined word “rise”(Paragraph5)means “______”.A.come up B.stand up C.wake up D.get up

3.According to the passage, how can you overcome a nightmare?

A.Try to imagine you are a superman.B.Try to create a new ending of the nightmare.C.Try to think about some happy things.D.Try to forget the nightmare.4.In which column of a magazine or newspaper may the article appear?

A.Finance.B.Sports.C.Health.D.Politics.阅读理解答案：

Passage one 1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.A

Passage two 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.A

Passage three 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.B

Passage four 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D

Passage five 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.A

Passage six 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B

Passage seven 1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B

Passage eight 1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.A

Passage nine 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A

Passage ten 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B

Passage eleven 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.B

Passage twelve 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 成人高考专升本英语历年真题归类汇编—分词 分词

重点：现在分词与过去分词的区别;分词在句中充当的成份;分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语是否一致。

1.______ what the situation would be like, they decided to keep silent.A.Having not known B.Knowing not C.Not know D.Not knowing

2.The program was so ______ that they were too ______ to fall asleep.A.exciting„excited B.excited„.exciting C.exciting„exciting D.excited„.excited

3.The ______ children were opening their Christmas presents.A.exciting B.excited C.excite D.excitement

1.Not too many years ago, it was an excited experience to travel 25 or 50 miles from home.2.China is a ______ country while the U.S is a ______ country.A.developed„developed B.developing„developing C.developed„developing D.developing„developed

3.Mrs.White found her husband surrounded by letters and papers and ______ very worried.A.looking B.looks C.look D.to look

4.She returned home from the market only to find the door open and a number of things______.A.stole B.missing C.missed D.stealing

5.Just as I turned round the corner, I saw a car ______ towards me at a high speed.A.to come B.come C.coming D.came

6.All those ______ to go to the football match please raise your hands.A.wish B.wished C.will wish D.wishing

10.No one else ______ willing to go, he offered to take the message.A.was B.had been C.were D.being

11.______ the teacher’s suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.A.Following B.To follow C.Follow D.He followed

12.______ crossing the street, he was knocked down by a car.A.By B.During C.At D.While

13.There was a terrible cry ______ the fall of the pole.A.followed B.to follow C.following D.that follows

14.Most of the artists being invited to the party were from South Africa.15.Some of the guests ______ to the party were from other cities.A.to invite B.invited C.being invited D.had been invited

16.The telephone was invented in 1876 by a man ______ Alexander Graham Bell.A.named B.naming C.that names D.who named

17.Water ______ into vapor by the sun falls as rain.A.turns B.turning C.is turned D.turned

18.The children ______ in red sang songs together.A.dressed B.dressing C.worn D.wearing

19.The musician, ______ for his splendid speech, was warmly received by the students.A.knowing B.known C.having known D.being known

20.The cinema ______ last month, is very popular especially among the young people in the town.A.opens B.opened C.to open D.having opened

21.-Do you know anything about the meeting ______ in Italy?

-Yes, and as a matter of fact I attended it.A.to be held B.held C.being held D.to hold

22.There are about 70 people ______ in the accident.A.were killed B.who killed C.killing D.killed

23.It’s such a big room.If you don’t speak loud enough, you’ll never make yourself ______.A.hear B.hearing C.to hear D.heard

24.In earliest times, people had eaten their food______.A.uncooked B.being uncooked C.uncooking D.to be uncooked

25.The hunters had the fire ______ at the night in the woods.A.burnt B.burning C.to burn D.burned

26.John went to town yesterday and had his bike ______ there.A.repair B.to repair C.repairing D.repaired

27.My wife is planning to have the furniture ______ light gray.A.paint B.painting C.to paint D.painted

28.The dress doesn’t fit, I’ll have to have it ______.A.sold B.charged C.changed D.adopted

29.Mr.Smith had the report ______ as soon as he finished ______ it.A.to be typed„to write B.typed„to write C.being typed„writing D.typed„writing

30.______ white, the kitchen looks much better than before.A.Paints B.Painted C.Paining D.To paint

31.He kept us ______ with ______ stories about his Arctic adventures.A.entertained/ exciting B.entertaining/ excited

C.entertained/ excited D.entertaining/ exciting

32.______ their luggage, the tourists hurried to the airport，A.Packed B.After packed C.Packing D.Having packed

33.______ a wrong address, he could not find his friend’s flat.A.Giving B.To be given C.Having given D.Having been given

34.______ his party to power for the fourth time, he becomes famous among Western leaders..A.Lead B.Leading C.Have led D.Having led

35.______ for several times, Bill made up his mind not to watch late night movies any more.A.To be scolded B.To have been scolded C.Being scolded D.Having been scolded

36.The recorder ______ out of order, the students did not know what to do.A.were B.has been C.was being D.being

37.After seeing the movie, ______.A.the book was read by him B.the book made him want to read it

C.he wanted to read the book D.the reading of the book interested him

38.All the afternoon he worked in his study with the door______.A.to lock B.locking C.locked D.lock

Ⅹ、虚拟语气

重点：虚拟语气的基本用法及其常见形式，如含if 条件句的句子，as if 从句;it is necessary/ important that 从句;suggest（建议）等词后面的宾语从句;it is suggested that 从句;suggestion等词后面的同位语从句，表语从句;wish 后面的宾语从句等。

1.His doctor suggested that he ______ his right hand.A.avoid to use B.avoid using C.has avoided using D.avoids to use

2.Jim suggested that they ______ their supper.A.had B.would have C.should have D.should have eaten

3.I suggest that he will be sent to hospital as soon as possible.4.I suggest that（他再把这个实验做一遍）[he should do the experiment again]

5.It’s suggested that ______ a while before we make a decision.A.she waited B.she wait C.she waits D.she will wait

6.The manager insisted that the chief engineer ______ testing the new model immediately.A.start B.starts C.started D.will start

7.The doctor insists that ______(我父亲戒烟).[my father(should)give up smoking ]

8.The company recommended that a new railway station ______ here.A.build B.built C.should build D.be built

9.他命令销毁这些文件 [He ordered that papers should be destroyed.]

10.Something about his manner suggested that he ______ not interested in what we were doing.A.was B.were C.be D.is

11.It is necessary that he ______ there on time.A.is B.be C.will D.has been

12.Mary wishes that she ______ law instead of history when she was in college.A.study B.studied C.has studied D.had studied

13.I wish I ______ busy yesterday;I could have helped you with the problem

A.was not B.were not C.have not been D.had not been

14.It’s high time ______ about the traffic problem.A.something was done B.everything is done C.anything will be done D.nothing to done

15.In spite of the noise, he went on working ______ nothing were happening.A.as if B.because C.although D.where

16.他的行为好像小孩子一样 [He behaves as if he were a child.]

17.If I had known all this before, I would not speak to him that way.18.如果你早一点告诉我,我就不会错过这个机会了。

[If you had told me a bit earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the chance.]

19.If you had followed the doctor’s advice,(你现在就不会再床上躺着了)

[you wouldn’t lie in bed now]

20.如果我昨天来的话,我会跟你们一起去野餐的。

[I had come yesterday , I would have gone for the picnic with you.]

21.If her grandfather would have three more days, he would have been 100 years old.虚拟语气强化训练

1.If Peter had enough money, he ______ on the trip to Los Angeles.A.had gone B.would go C.went D.would have gone

2.He did his homework carefully for fear that he ______.A.made a mistake B.makes a mistake C.would make a mistake D.make a mistake

3.I would have asked him to attend our gathering, but I ______his address.A.didn’t know B.hadn’t know C.don’t know D.wouldn’t know

4.The stubborn young man did not follow the advice that he ______ on his behavior since he didn’t believe that he had done anything wrong.A.reflect B.had reflected C.would reflect D.must reflect

5.I ______ the airport to make a flight reservation, but in fact I didn’t.A.should have called B.called C.could call D.would call

6.I would have told him the answer, but I ______ so busy at that moment.A.had been B.was C.were D.would be

7.If only we ______ a phone!I’m fed up with lining up outside the public phone box.A.have B.had C.will have D.are to have

8.Mr.Smith received the order that he ______ the documents to the new product meeting for further discussion.A.bring B.brings C.will bring D.has brought

9.I wish ______.A.I know how to program the new computer B.I will know to program the new computer

C.I knew how to program the new computer D.I do know how to program the new computer

10.He believes he has been cheated.He ______it.A.should not have believed B.should not believe C.did not believe D.can’t but believe

11.But for the reform, we ______ such great achievements.A.shall not make B.could not have made C.should not make D.can not have made

12.I need a helping hand, but I would sooner you ______.A.come B.coming C.will go with me D.didn’t join me

13.If the government had built more homes for the poor several years ago, the housing problems now ______ so serious in many parts of the country.A.wouldn’t be B.won’t be C.will not have been D.would not have been

14.Tom might have come to school in time for the lecture ______.A.if he got up earlier B.unless he had got up earlier

C.but he got up rather late D.but he had gotten up late

15.They took the injured straight to the hospital.Otherwise some of them ______.A.might have died B.might die C.would die D.could die

16.It is a perfect fit, sir.I ______ to you otherwise.A.wouldn’t show it B.wouldn’t have shown it

C.wouldn’t take it D.wouldn’t have taken it

17.Jeff looked as if he _______ a ghost.A.saw B.has seen C.had seen D.would see

18.I would have gone to the concert, if I ______ time.A.had had B.have had C.had D.would have had

19.______ I known it, I would have told you.A.Have B.If C.Had D.Having

20.The headmaster required that all the teachers ______ at the meeting.A.present B.must be present C.be present D.would be present

21.The mother rejected my suggestion that she ______ her daughter the next week.A.met B.meets C.would meet D.meet

22.It is necessary that anyone ______ exercises every day if he wishes to keep healthy.A.do B.would do C.did D.will do

23.It is high time that we ______ all ready for this afternoon meeting, ______it would be late.A.must get, or B.got, or C.should get, and D.get, and

24.In spite of the noise, he went on working ______ nothing were happening.A.as if B.because C.although D.where

25.______ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A.In case of B.In spite of C.As of D.But for

分词答案

1.D 2.A 3.B 4.B: exciting 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.B: invited 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.A 19.B 20.B 21.B 22.D 23.D 24.A

25.B 26.D 27.D 28.C 29.D 30.B 31.A 32.D 33.D 34.D 35.D 36.D 37.C 38.C

X.虚拟语气

1.B 2.C 3.B: should be 5.B 6.A 8.D 10.A 11.B 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.A 17.C: would not have spoken 21.A: had lived

虚拟强化训练：

1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.D 13.A

14.C 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.C 21.D 22.A 23.B 24.A

25.D Ⅷ.动词 重点：动词的主要时态;被动语态的构成及其基本用法；

情态动词的基本用法（尤其是后接现在完成式）；used to与be/get used to

时态

1.The teacher said that the earth ?______ around the sun.A.run B.ran C.runs D.was running

2.Tom laid on the floor, reading a book.3.If you bring your shirt to me, I ______ it for you.A.will mend B.am mending C.have mended D.will have mended

4.-Did you go to Beijing last year?-No, ______.A.I have never gone B.I haven’t gone to Beijing

C.I did never go there D.I’ve never been to Beijing

5.Mr.Smith ______ here for two weeks.A.has already come B.is already being C.has already been D.has already being

6.We used to go skating in Michigan every winter, but ______ for the past five seasons.A.I don’t go B.I haven’t C.I’m not going D.I didn’t go

7.______ lately? I have not seen you for quite some time.A.Where were you gone B.Where did you go C.Where were you going D.Where have you been

8.We ______ a walk when it started to rain.A.take B.took C.are taking D.were taking

9.Although he promised to change.I’m still wondering when he ______ able to put his heart into his studies.A.was B.will be C.be D.were

10.The lady said that she’s been living in that city for years.11.By the time we got to the cinema the film ______for half an hour.A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.had been on

12.He has already gone home.But before he left, he ______ all the mistakes in his translation.A.had corrected B.has corrected C.corrected D.would correct

13.By the end of last year we ______ more than 2000 teachers of English all over the province.A.trained B.would have trained C.had trained D.have trained

14.昨天下午三班赢了那场足球赛。[Class 3 won the football match yesterday afternoon]

15.While I was skiing, I ______ and broke my wrist.A.fell B.felt C.feel D.fallen

被动语态

1.You don’t have to pay for your flights: they’re ______ in the price of your holiday.A.concluded B.held C.settled D.included

2.The doctor ______ my forehead and said, “ Your forehead ______ hot.”

A.felt, feels B.felt, was felt C.feels, felt D.feels, is felt

3.去年沿着这条河种植了二百多棵果树。

[More than two hundred fruit trees were planted along the river last year.]

4.Last week a rare stamp ______ at a price of 6,000 dollars.A.sold B.was sold C.had set up D.had been set up

5.The United Nations, which ______ in 1945, is playing a more and more important part in international affairs.A.was set up B.set up C.had set up D.had been set up

6.Her feeling was seriously ______ by her husband.A.hurt B.hit C.wounded D.destroyed

7.In modern times, great female chefs have become known, and some of the best cook books ______ by women.A.have written B.have been written C.were written D.are written

8.All that can be done ______.A.have been done B.have done C.has been done D.has done

9.People who won’t work should be made______.A.to work B.work C.has been done D.to be working

10.My teacher was made ______ his teaching because of poor health.A.giving up B.to give up C.given up D.give up

11.When they had finished playing, the children were made to ______ all the toys they had taken out.A.put off B.put up C.put out D.put away

12.He thought nobody was around, but he was in fact seen ______ into the office building.A.to steal B.steal C.stile D.stolen

情态动词

1.I can hear the Browns’ phone bell ring but no one is answering it;they ______ be at home.A.can’t B.mayn’t C.probably not D.shouldn’t

2.Professor Wang ______ be in New York because I met him in town just now.A.can’t B.might not C.may not D.may

3.-Listen, Mary is singing in the next room.-That ______ be Mary.She’s in hospital.A.may not B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t D can’t

4.She earns a good salary, so she ______ be deep in debt.A.can’t B.must C.needn’t D.should

5.It is going to rain you ______ take your umbrella with you.A.had better to B.would rather to C.would rather D.had better

6.You had better ______ the teacher about this.A.ask B.to ask C.asked D.asking

7.You had better ______ where you are.A.remaining B.to remain C.remain D.remained

8.你最好马上去看医生。[You had better go to see the doctor immediately]

9.I would rather ______ with you.A.not to go B.to not go C.to go D.not go

10.They will get well soon.You ______ worry.A.can’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t

11.-Shall I tell Ann the test result?-No, you ______.She’s already got some report.A.wouldn’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t

12.To travel from England to Scotland you ______ a passport.A.mustn’t have B.haven’t got C.don’t need D.needn’t

13.This is one of the most difficult questions that do not need to answer.14.The garden requires ______.A.watering B.being watered C.to water D.having watered

15.-Why isn’t John in class?-He ______ be sick.Or he’d have been here already.A.should B.may C.must D.would

16.The streets are all wet.It ______ during the night.A.must be raining B.must have rain C.must have rained D.had to rain

17.She ______ on her way to school, I just phoned her home and no one answered me.A.should be B.must have been C.must have rained D.had to rain

18.The house is dark and quiet, so the Browns ______ have gone to bed.A.must B.should C.ought to D.would

19.Mr.Zhang isn’t here yet, I think he ______ about the meeting.A.should have forgotten B.ought to forget C.must have forgotten D.may forget

20.I can’t find Tom anywhere I think he must go to the library.21.______（你不该对孩子如此严格）,He’s old enough to make his own choices.[You shouldn’t be so strict with the child]

22.I don’t know who is going to get the contract.We ______ get it but nothing is sure.A.must B.can’t C.might D.needn’t

23.They started off at about 5 o’clock in the morning.They should ______ there by now.A.arrive B.have been arriving C.have arrived D.be arriving

24.我们不应当责备她，她已经尽了最大的努力。[We shouldn’t have blamed her, for she has tried her best.]

25.-you realize that you were driving at 100 miles per hour, don’t you?

-No, officer.I ______ have been, this car can’t do more than 70.A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.couldn’t D.might not

26.-I saw Mary in the library yesterday.-You ______ her, she is still in hospital.A.mustn’t have seen B.could not see C.can’t have seen D.must not see

27.New ideas sometimes have wait for years before they are fully accepted.28.A friend ______ said to me the other day: “I don’t mind eating these foods, but why ______ to taste so awful?”

A.of my„they have B.of me„they are C.for me„are they D.of mine„do they have

29.“Do you have to leave?” “Sorry, but I really ______.”

A.have B.had to C.do so D.must

30.I want to go to see the doctor, but you ______ with me.A.need not go B.need not to go C.do not need go D.need go not

used to be/get used to

used to 表示“过去常常”，后接不定式，get/be used to 表示“习惯于„”，后接名词、代词、动名词。

1.She ______ eat so many sweet things.A.used to not B.never used C.didn’t use to D.didn’t use

2.I ______ to be quite afraid to live in that city, but now I have ______ to the life there.A.was used„got used B.used„used C.got used „been used D.used„got used

3.My sister is used to ______ with all the window’s open.A.sleep B.sleeping C.have slept D.the sleeping

4.Mr.Brown often wore a heavy coat because he was not used to live in such a cold climate.5.In this park, sparrows often fly down from trees to eat from visitors’ hands.They are used to ____ in this way.A.be fed B.feed C.having fed D.being fed

Ⅸ、非谓语动词

动词不定式

重点：动词不定式的否定形式，动词不定式在句中充当的成份，尤其是在部分动词后作宾语补足语时省略to，作定语、状语时若与相关名词之间有动宾关系，不及物动词后的介词不能省略。

1.Mother told Mary ______ late for school.A.not to B.not be C.not to be D.did not be

2.Pessimists warn us not ______ for pretty colors, since the car will come in gray.A.ask B.asking C.to ask D.to be asked

3.They asked him don’t give that new information to anyone else but the headmaster.4.Mrs.Black warned her son ______ after drinking.A.never to drive B.never drive C.to never drive D.never driving

5.-Where do you suggest going?-We promised ______ the children to the West Lake.A.taking B.to take C.taken D.took

6.A lot of people find modern art very hard ______.A.understood B.understanding C.to understand D.being understood

7.They found the lecture hard ______.A.to be understood B.to understand C.for understanding D.to have been understood

8.Would you like one ______ the radio a bit?

A.turning down B.to turn down C.turn down D.turned down

9.In order to get to Peter’s house easily, I had his secretary ______ a map for me.A.to draw B.draw C.drawn D.drawing

10.Mrs.Wang made me ______ the work again.A.do B.to do C.doing D.raised

11.The workers asked Mr.Smith to let John to go.12.When his name was mentioned, I saw him ______ from his seat.A.rise B.rose C.raise D.raised

13.The salesman persuaded us ______ his product.A.buying B.to buy C.buy D.having bought

14.Reaching the top of the hill, they stopped having a rest.15.The city government must take action ______ the increasing populating.A.to control B.controlling C.controls D.controlled

16.Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs ______ work properly.A.at B.for C.in D.to

17.He asked me if the room was big enough for us three to live.18.The tourists haven’t decided which hotel______.A.to stay B.to stay at C.is to stay D.to be staying

19.They held a conference to decide ______ to meet the emergency.A.how B.what C.that D.which

20.For centuries, people from all over the world have claimed ______ strange sights: lights in the sky, flying objects and even creatures from other planets.A.to have seen B.having seen C.to see D.seeing

21.Wet umbrellas are not allowed ______ into this hotel.A.to be taken B.to take C.taken D.taking

22.We expect more books and magazines ______（为儿童出版）[to be published for children.]

23.箱子太重了那孩子搬不动。[The box is too heavy for the child to carry ]

24.It’s very kind ______ invite me to your birthday party.A.from you to B.of you to C.by you to D.that you

25.对不起，让你们等了这么久。[I’m sorry to have kept you waiting too long.]

动名词

重点：动名词的逻辑主语，完成式，被动式：动名词作介词，动词的宾语，尤其是有些动词后只能连接动名词，有些动词后既可接动名词又可接动词不定式，但表达的含义不同。

1.It’s no use ______ your chickens before they are hatched.A.count B.to count C.counting D.of counting

2.We are looking forward to ______ a trip to your country.A.take B.taking C.be taking D.having taken

3.She is looking forward as much to his return as he himself to ______ her.A.have seen B.see C.seeing D.having taken

4.She made her living ______（靠给华盛顿几家报纸写稿）

[by writing articles for several newspapers in Washington]

5.I know nothing about ______ in the army.A.she working B.for her to work C.her having worked D.her having been worked

6.I apologize for ______ my promise.A.not having kept B.being kept C.not to have kept D.having not kept

7.He had no difficulty ______ the problem.A.to work out B.to have worked out C.working out D.having worked out

8.He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ______.A.noticing B.noticed C.to notice D.being noticed

9.I thought it was worth ______ a hundred miles to see the basketball game.A.of driving B.driving C.drive D.being driven

10.I’ll never forget ______ you for the first time.A.meeting B.driving C.drive D.being driven

11.I remember ______ her at a party last weekend.A.to meet B.meeting C.having met D.to have met

12.I remember ______ to help us when we got into trouble.A.him to offer B.him offering C.he to offer D.his offer

13.Remember to go to the post office and don’t forget taking the parcel with you.14.You must remember bringing back the umbrella tomorrow.15.The house needs ______, but they plan to wait until next spring to do it.A.paint B.to paint C.painting D.be painted

16.Please stop ______.Let’s listen to the radio.A.arguing B.to argue C.be arguing D.argue

17.I always regret not ______ harder when I was young.A.studying B.having studied C.to study D.to have studied

18.As ______（计算机价格的不断下降）,more and more families can afford it.[the price of the computer keeps falling / going down]

19.Tired of the cold weather in New England, Mr.And Mrs.Smith are considering ____ to the south.A.to move B.moving C.move D.to be moving

20.The child avoided to be punished by running away quickly.21.Please come the downstairs for breakfast after you have finished washing.22.I don’t mind work too hard all the week, but I refuse to work on Sundays.23.When I read the novel I can’t help to think of Mary.24.When the little girl got back her answer sheet, she could not help ______.A.from crying B.to cry C.herself from crying D.crying

25.I object ______ in front of me.A.to him smoking cigarettes B.for him smoking cigarettes

C.to smoking cigarettes for him D.for him to smoke cigarettes

VIII.动词

时态

1.C 2.A: lay 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.B: she had been living 11.D 12.A 13.C 15.A

被动语态1.D 2.A 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.D 12.A

情态动词

1.A 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.C 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.D: answering 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D: must have gone 22.C 23.C 25.C 26.C 27.B: have to wait 28.D 29.D 30.A

Used to be/get used to

1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C: to living 5.D

IX.非谓语动词

动词不定式

1.C 2.C 3.A: not to give 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.D: go 12.A 13.B 14.C: to have 15.A 16.D 17.D: to live in 18.B 19.A 20.A 21.A 24.B

动名词

1.C 2.B 3.C 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C: to take 14.B: to bring 15.D 16.A 17.A 19.B 20.A: being 21.B: the去掉 22.A: working 23.D: thinking 24.D 25.A Ⅶ 连词

重点：常见并列连词的用法（如：and , but , or , so , for）；从属连词的用法。

1.John wanted to play basketball, and it was raining and he stayed at home.2.Not many people realize this, ______it is quite true.A.but B.however C.so D.that

3.-Can I help you?

-Well, I’m afraid the box is too heavy for you, ______thank you all the same.A.and B.so C.or D.but

4.Mary has lived in China for five years.（所以她习惯于这里的生活）。[so she has got used to the life here]

5.I don’t know her address, ______I can’t write to her.A.but B.or C.so D.since

6.The human body can go without food for a long time, but two______ three days without water usually result in death.A.and B.but C.for D.or

7.She hardly ever goes to ______ the theatre.A.neither the cinema or B.neither the cinema nor

C.either the cinema nor D.either the cinema or

8.Try your best ______ you’ll certainly succeed this time.A.so B.and C.or D.for

9.She remained silent, ______ her heart was heavy and her spirit low.A.so B.though C.for D.therefore

10.He talked at the top of his voice, ______ he drew nobody’s attention.A.yet B.instead C.so D.though

11.Watch your step, ______you might fall into the water.A.or B.and C.unless D.but

12.He came to the party, ______ he hadn’t been invited.(2003)

A.in case B.in spite of C.even D.although

VII.连词

1.B: but 2.A 3.D 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.A VI.介词

重点：常见介词、介词短语的词义及用法；介词与某些动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配。

1.It snowed here since more than a week last year.2.We can obtain knowledge from other sources ______ books.A.beside B.besides C.apart D.in addition

3.______fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.A.Except for B.But for C.Beside D.Besides

4.Mary answered all the questions ______ the last one.A.unless B.except C.besides D.beside

5.I have finished typing all ______ the last page.A.until B.but C.to D.for

6.May I stay with you ______ going back to my parents’ home tonight?

A.because of B.so as to C.in spite of D.instead of

7.Despite of the heavy snow last night none of the classes have been cancelled at the university.8.Father usually comes back from his work______.A.at noon B.in noon C.on noon D.in the noon

9.We are looking ______ to hearing from you soon.A.at B.forward C.for D.up

10.I am looking forward ______ Mike next week.A.to see B.to seeing C.seeing D.see

11.The students laughed ______ the silly answers they had put on their tests.A.at B.from C.to D.over

12.The bell rang and I hurriedly rushed into the classroom, knocking ______ our maths teacher.A.at B.into C.off D.out

13.They differ ______ each other in many ways.A.to B.with C.on D.from

14.The movie we saw last night was very different ______ the novel.A.of B.to C.from D.as

15.Someone was speaking there;the voice was familiar ______ us.A.by B to C.for D.with

16.Controlling a class of school pupils calls ______ all your skills as a teacher.A.up B.off C.for D.on

17.When the taxi came I put out my hand, but it just went ______ me without stopping.A.off B.over C.through D.past

18.I began to work here ______1978.A.in B.at C.on D.since

19.______（在一个寒冷的冬日）, George jumped into the lake and saved a little girl.[On a cold winter day]

20.It’s nice to go for a walk ______ a summer evening.A.on B.at C.in D.during

21.Most Chinese like to drink tea.But some prefer coffee ______ tea.A.to B.for C.with D.against

22.I prefer writing a term paper ______ taking an examination.A.than B.to C.for D.rather than

23.The picture reminds me ______ the time we spent together in New York.A.of B.in C.for D.to

24.I objected ______ the meeting without him.A.to have B.to having C.having D.have

25.They arrived home very wet, as they had walked all the way ______ the rain.A.in B.below C.under D.into

26.Last Sunday and ______ my great surprise I met Bullen in town.A.to B.for C.as D.at

27.I often go to school on bike, but I went to school on foot this morning.28.I met her ______ my way______.A.in„home B.on„home C.in„to home D.to„to home

29.From here, we can see the bridge ______ construction.A.below B.by C.under D.with

30.Electricity is ______ great use in industry and everyday life.A.be B.of C.in D.with

[“of+名词”结构相当于形容词，作表语]

31.Would you like a piece of cake ______ your coffee?

A.with B.to C.for D.in

32.George always arrives at the office in time, but because the heavy rain ,he was one hour late this morning.33.They came from a village a little way ______ the main road.A.on B.off C.at D.in

34.谁应对这起车祸负责？ [Who was responsible for the car accident?]

35.任何事情都不能阻止我们履行职责。[Nothing can prevent us from doing our duties.]

36.His ears are highly sensitive ______ any unusual sound in the machine.

2.历年专升本考试试题 篇二

1 试题分析及解题技巧

1.1 单项选择和词的适当形式填空。

1.1.1试题分析。该题主要测试考生运用基本语法知识的能力, 词汇考试丰富, 要求考生能辨析形近或意近词语的细微差别及同义词在不同语境中的应用;掌握英语习惯用语, 固定词语搭配, 介词短语等。语法考核点广, 所占比例较大, 但要点不变, 如动词时态, 被动语态, 非谓语动词, 虚拟语气, 倒装, 主谓一致, 定语从句, 名词性从句和状语从句。尤其是其常见用法和特殊用法应给予足够的重视。词的适当形式填空主要考查考生的基本词形转换的应用能力和词类用法的掌握情况。1.1.2解题技巧。解此题时, 考生应注意每道题的考点, 根据考点找出线索。分析该题属于哪种现象, 特别要考虑到虚拟语气, 主谓一致, 非谓语动词, 各种从句, 倒装等一些常见考点。做词的适当形式填空时, 考生还需熟练掌握词的名词, 动词, 形容词, 副词的词性转换及名词, 动词, 形容词, 副词不同词类的用法, 注意词汇和短语的固定搭配。

1.2 阅读理解。

1.2.1试题分析。该题测试考生从书面文字材料获取信息的能力。主要包括一般性阅读材料, 如文化, 社会, 常识, 科普, 经贸, 人物故事和应用性文字材料。主要测试考生是否了解语篇和段落的主旨大意;是否掌握语篇事实和主要情节;是否理解语篇上下文的逻辑关系, 对句子和段落进行推理的能力;是否了解作者的目的, 态度和观点;能否根据上下文正确理解生词的意思并了解语篇的结论。选择题是阅读理解中最常见的一种题型。其考点通常测试文章的中心思想, 主旨大意, 文中指定的生词及句子的理解;对细节信息的理解, 查找与判断;以及作者的态度和目的。完形填空和简答题多为介绍性文章, 信件或广告形式出现。完形填空主要考查考生对词, 词形, 习惯用法, 固定搭配, 比较级最高级等的灵活运用。简答题则考查考生对文章总体理解及细节要点的掌握。1.2.2解题技巧。解此题时需按题寻答案。即先看问题和选择项, 知其所问, 了解脉络, 然后带着问题到文中寻找答案。解答主旨题和事实题时, 效果尤为突出, 既省时又有效。在阅读文章时, 特别注意文章的开头段, 结尾段和每段的开头句, 结尾句。因为文章的中心思想大部分都在此处, 有助于理清文章脉络, 理解全文。对于短文中出现的那些与问题相关语句, 可以做些记号, 以便快速找出答案, 也为下一步细读做好准备。读完全文可以根据试题类型进行推理, 理清文章中心思想, 作者意图及态度后做主旨题。利用文章字里行间的意思做推断题。结合文章内容做细节题。根据上下文关系和搭配做语义题。综合运用上面方法做判断题。做完题后, 如果时间充裕, 最好再复查一遍。

1.3 英译汉。

1.3.1试题分析。该题测试考生将英语译成汉语的能力, 分为选择式和段落翻译两种形式。前四句不需要考生翻译, 而是给出四个不同译文供考生选择。段落翻译是整段翻译, 无选择项。此类题难度较大, 复杂句式较多, 旨在全面考查学生的分析能力, 理解能力和综合能力。要求考生句子成分清晰, 会断句。段落翻译还应注意文章整体的连贯性和衔接性以及汉语的语言表达能力。1.3.2解题技巧。做此题时, 考生应首先弄清句子的内部结构, 分析判断各个意群的相互关系。翻译过程中, 正确领会句子内容实质, 辨明关键词的词意。注意整句及整个段落的结构。直译与意译相结合, 力求准确通顺并符合汉语的表达习惯。

1.4 写作。

1.4.1试题分析。写作是测试考生能力的一种主观性试题, 考生必须具备一定的英语语言表达能力和英语应用文写作能力。辽宁省专升本英语考试写作题常见考点是书信, 大约十六种书信变体, 如邀请信, 感谢信, 投诉信, 询价信及其回信, 介绍信, 申请求职信, 启示, 通知, 公告, 电子邮件, 便条等。考生必须熟练掌握各种书信变体的格式及习惯用法。1.4.2解题技巧。解此题时首先需要认真审题, 明确要求, 分清题型, 研究题目要求的内容和范围。再根据要求列出提纲。写作时一定要注意写作格式和英语语言的表达习惯。避免按照所提供的汉字逐字逐句翻译。注意文章的连贯性和文章前后的衔接性。先写草稿, 写完后认真检查修改, 重点看有无语法及拼写错误;是否遗忘题目中的要求, 最后工整地抄写在答题卡上。

2 应对策略“三步曲”

2.1 夯实基础。

英语是循序渐进的积累过程, 考前临时突击英语并不能取得良好的成绩, 考生应该加强平时的积累, 最好从大一开始了解专升本基本情况, 尽早做出计划和学习安排。应多积累词汇和基本语法等基础知识, 并根据前一年的复习大纲, 结合历年考试真题, 将各个知识点全面系统地落实到位, 夯实基础, 不留死角。专升本英语考试大纲与《高等学校英语应用能力考试A级》相同, 考生可以在A级单词及阅读方面多下功夫, 多做A级真题和模拟题, 多背多记多练, 即为专升本做准备, 又能顺利通过A级考试。

2.2 系统串联。

大二12月份时, 考生基础知识几乎全部复习完毕, 再结合考试大纲及专业指定教材书上例题, 习题做会做通, 并能举一反三。并将各个知识点系统地串联起来。要重视对基本语法, 阅读能力, 翻译技巧, 应用文写作的归纳和训练。尤其注重培养综合运用词汇和语法基础知识的能力, 掌握英语在交际中的实际运用, 发展良好的逻辑推理判断的能力。巩固教材辅助做题, 重点难点一网打尽, 便可牢牢抓住得分点。

2.3 调整冲刺。

考试大纲一般每年三月份下发, 少数的部分学校的专业课考试大纲可能一月或二月份就发布。集合考试纲要, 对与去年大纲不同的地方迅速做出调整复习计划 (调整的内容有可能就是当年考试的一个重点, 不可轻视) 。加强重要考点练习, 在结合应试技巧, 答题策略多做辽宁省专升本英语考试真题, 模拟题, 达到考试的状态。随着辽宁省专升本考试的不断完善和发展, 已经越来越引起人们的重视。考生在复习中应明确试卷考点, 采取积极有效的应对策略, 夯实基础, 灵活有序地将各个知识点系统串联;巧妙运用解题技巧, 结合考试大纲, 正确调整复习计划, 循序渐进, 其结果必将在考试中发挥水平, 取得理想的成绩。

摘要：辽宁省高等学校专升本统一考试是全省高职高专学校学生升入本科而进行的具有选拔功能的考试, 该英语考试涉及知识内容丰富, 试卷考点突出。作者根据近年来辽宁省专升本英语考试具体情况对英语试题做了详细的剖析, 并提出相应的解题技巧。作者从考生实际出发, 为考生在考试中取得高分, 提出了英语备考应对“三步曲”, 以期帮助考生顺利过关。

关键词：辽宁省专升本英语考试,试题分析,解题技巧,应对策略

参考文献

[1]宋专茂.高等学校英语应用能力考试考点串讲与速战演练[M].广州:暨南大学出版社, 2003.[1]宋专茂.高等学校英语应用能力考试考点串讲与速战演练[M].广州:暨南大学出版社, 2003.

[2]周良元.英语测试与应试技巧[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社, 1992.[2]周良元.英语测试与应试技巧[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社, 1992.

[3]高等学校英语专业高年级英语教学大纲 (试行本) [Z].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 1990.[3]高等学校英语专业高年级英语教学大纲 (试行本) [Z].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 1990.

[4]文秋芳.英语学习策略论[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1996.[4]文秋芳.英语学习策略论[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1996.

3.执业药师考试历年真题（选登） 篇三

1.《中国药典》 （2010年版）规定，试验时的温度，未注明者，系指在室温下进行；温度对实验结果有显著影响者，除另有规定外，应以下列哪一个温度为准

A. 20℃ B. 20℃±2℃

C. 25℃ D. 20～30℃

E. 25℃±2℃

2.设计的范围内，测试结果与试液中被测物浓度直接呈正比关系的程度称为

A.精密度 B.耐用性

C.准确度 D.线性

E.范围

3.用氢氧化钠滴定液（0.1000mol/l）滴定20ml醋酸溶液（0. 1000mol/l），化学计量点的pH值为

A. 8.72 B. 7.00

C. 5.27 D. 4.30

E. 3.50

4.检查某药物中的砷盐，称取样品2.0g，依法检查，与标准砷溶液2.0ml（1μgAs/ml）在相同条件下制成的砷斑比较，不得更深。砷盐的限量是

A.百万分之一

B.百万分之二

C.百万分之三

D. 0. 01%

E. 0.1%

5.某溶液的pH值约为6，用酸度计测定其精密pH值时，应选择的两个标准缓冲液的pH值是

A. 1.68，4.00 B. 5.00，6.86

C. 4.00，6.86 D. 6.86，9.18

E. 1.68，6.86

二、配伍选择题。备选答案在前，试题在后。每组若干题，每组题均对应同一组备选答案，每题只有一个正确答案。每个备选答案可重复选用，也可不选用。

【6～7】

A.CGE B.ACE

C.CEC D.MEKC

E.CIEF

毛细管电泳法中，分离模式名称及其英文缩写的匹配：

6.亲和毛细管电泳

7.毛细管等电聚焦电泳

【8～9】

A.氢氧化钠滴定液

B.亚硝酸钠滴定液

C.高氯酸滴定液

D.盐酸滴定液

E.乙二胺四醋酸滴定液

8.中国药典检查对氨基水杨酸钠中的间氨基酚，采用的滴定液是

9.中国药典对氨基水杨酸钠的含量测定中，采用的滴定液是

【10～11】

A.干燥失重测定法

B.比色法

C.高效液相色谱法

D.薄层色谱法

E.气相色谱法

10.中国药典检查药物中的残留有机溶剂采用的方法是

11.中国药典检查药物中的水分及其他挥发性物质如乙醇等采用的方法是

【12～14】

A.色谱基线

B.色谱峰保留时间

C.色谱峰宽

D.死时间

E.色谱峰高或峰面积

12.用于定性的参数是

13.用于衡量柱效的参数是

14.用于定量的参数是

三、多项选择题。每题的备选答案中有2个或2个以上正确答案。少选或多选均不得分。

15.《中国药典》（2010年版）规定色谱系统适用性试验应包括

A.色谱柱的理论塔板数

B.分离度

C.重复性

D.中间精密度

E.拖尾因子

16.砷盐检查法中，在反应液中加入碘化钾及酸性氯化亚锡，其作用是

A.将五价砷还原为三价砷

B.抑制锑化氢的生成

C.抑制硫化氢的生成

D.有利于砷化氢的产生

E.有利于砷斑颜色的稳定

17.正确的干燥失重检查方法为

A.称量瓶不需预先在相同条件下干燥至恒重

B.供试品应平铺于称量瓶内，厚度一爱 不超过5mm

C.干燥的温度一般为105℃

D.干燥后应将称量瓶置干燥器内，放冷至室温再称量

E.受热易分解或易挥发的药物可用干燥剂干燥

【上期答案】

（题目见总五期）

一、最佳选择题

1 2 3 4 5

CCBBC

二、配伍选择题

6 7 8 9 10

ADEDE

11 12 13 14 15

CBABC

16

D

三、多项选择题

17 18 19

AD AE ACE

4.自考专升本考试试题 篇四

素描：女青年头像写生

色彩：提供一个主体物为一大瓶红酒，默写一个白盘子、一串葡萄、两个苹果，衬布不限

河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：女青年头像写生

色彩：一颗白菜、啤酒瓶、番茄、辣椒、土豆、鸡蛋、白布一块(写生、八开纸、两个半小时)

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：女青年头像写生

色彩：一颗白菜、两个西红柿、一个盘子、一个叉子、一杯水、土豆、深浅衬布各一块(默写、六开纸、

两个半小时)

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：戴眼镜的男青年(四分之三、默写、八开纸、三小时)

色彩：以浅白的颜色坛子为主体物，另加两个苹果、一串葡萄、衬布不限(默写、六开纸、两小时)

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：戴帽子的男青年(四分之三、默写、八开纸、三小时)

色彩：一个深色罐子、一个白盘子、一颗白菜、三个苹果、一深一浅两块衬布(默写、六开纸、两小时)

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：戴眼镜的男老年头像，四分之三侧(6 开3 小时)

色彩：一个可乐瓶、一个盘子、三个香蕉、四个苹果、一个玻璃杯、两块衬布(六开、两小时)

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：四分之三戴眼镜女青年

色彩：一个陶瓷罐，一个橙汁饮料，三个苹果，两个橘子，一个玻璃杯，一块衬布(默写，标准统考6 开

试卷纸，两小时)

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：戴帽子的男青年

色彩：蔬菜组合，包括一个深色陶瓷罐子，一颗白菜，三个红辣椒，三根大葱，加一个白色抹布和一个蓝

色抹布。

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：戴眼镜的女青年

色彩：香蕉，竹篮，苹果，包括一个深色陶瓷罐子抹布

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：四分之三老年妇女头像

色彩：一个深色瓷罐，一个竹筐，两个苹果，三个香蕉，两个桔子，两块衬布

年河南省专升本美术考试真题

素描：男老年正面

5.历年专升本考试试题 篇五

各省份的考试形式不一，分为统考和校考两种。

统考

考试科目：考试科目分文、理科，具体为：录取类别由专科阶段所学专业决定。艺术、体育专业经省教育考试院同意，可由招生院校组织专业加试，并在报名工作开始前完成。专业加试合格考生才能填报相应院校、专业志愿。

考试科类考试科目录取类别文科大学语文、大学英语、计算机文化基础文史类法学类教育类艺术类理科高等数学、大学英语、计算机文化基础理工类经管类农学类医学类

校考

基础课和专业课，基础课为省统考，专业课为本科院校出题。

成人教育

6.历年专升本考试试题 篇六

一、单项选择题（将正确答案的序号填入括号，每小题3分，共24分）1．选择经营某种产品或服务主要看是否(C)。

A.具有广泛的需求

B．有高附加值

C．能为你身边人的最大利益服务

2．组织和机构决定着一个创业项目(B)。

A．能不能做

B．如何做

C．想不想做

3．寻找目标市场关键是要找到(B)。

A．你感兴趣的地方

B．顾客需求的差异

C．好赚钱的地方

4．生意人所理解的市场应当是(C)。

A．交换关系的总和

B．购买东西的场所

C．顾客及顾客集团。

5．市场调查的典型项目之一是(A)。

A．经济发展水平

B．公众态度

C．某种事件

6．下面哪种市场调查方法不属于间接调查的方法(A)。

A．走访法

B．感知推断法

C．媒体收集法

7．寻找目标市场主要靠你的(C)。

A．耐久力、财力和创造性

B．洞察力、勇于实践和创造性

C．洞察力、创造性和市场调查水平8．良好的营销决断是指(C)。

A．产生有社会影响的效应

B．与竞争者相抗争

C．出售顾客想买的东西

1．作为初创业者，对创业项目一般采取下面哪种市场调查方法为宜（A．针对自己产品或服务做详尽的调查 B．走访业内人士

C．通过各种媒介做间接调查 2．创业中所指的生意人是(A)。

A．企业家

B.售货员

C．商贩

3．企业的可持续发展能力是基于(C)。

A．有雄厚的发展资金 B．打败竞争对手

C．你的产品和服务为顾客提供了利益和价值 4．下面哪项不是确定产品与服务的原则(C)。

A．满足市场需求

B．与你的资源条件相吻合 C．仅符合你个人的兴趣爱好 5．市场决定着一个创业项目(A)。

A．能不能做

B．如何做

C．想不想做

6．为了保证质量标准的一致性和延续性，企业必须建立(C)。

B)。A．市场调查机制

B．产品研发机制 C．监督控制机制

7．青蛙实验是为了说明(C)。

A．青蛙对外界温度的缓慢变化不敏感

B．企业要能够适应外界的变化

C．对企业的威胁常常来自不能及时察觉外界的变化 8．经营中的策略是指(A)。

A．达到目标所需要采取的步骤

B．现有资源的组合 C．有效监督安排

1．下面关于管理的说法不正确的是(C)。

A．创业也是一种有效的管理

B．管理就是科学、合理地配置和使用资源

C．工人、农民没有管理职责

2．创业正确的价值取向应是(B)。

A．最大限度获取利润

B．为社会做出贡献

C．达到完美愿望

3．下面说法正确的是(A)。

A．对比创业的知识、方法和资源，信念、目标和行动更为重要

B．如果你的创业设想没有新意，则你的创业将无法进行

C．如果你的创业设想与你现有的资源存在差距，则你的创业不能进行 4．利用市场信息最重要的素质是(B)。

A．想象力

B．注意力

C．勤奋态度

5．良好的营销决断是指(C)。

A．产生有社会影响的效应

B．与竞争者相抗争

C．出售顾客想买的东西

6．市场营销活动中的市场调查不包括下列哪个项目？(B)

A.顾客需求

B．经济发展水平

C．竞争情况

7．建立财务帐目首先要建立(A)。

A．现金帐

B．统计台帐

C．投资计划

8．一个理想组织应当是(C)。

A.有着合理的机构

B．由精明能干的人组成 C．一支高效的团队

1．国外有一些成功人士将自己的毕生财富捐献给社会，是因为(C)。

A.向大众显示自己的成功

B．向穷人施舍

C．获得一种奉献社会的自我满足感 2．事业的成功往往来自于(B)。

A.周到的战略计划

B．不断地试验和探索

C．宏伟的设想

3．本书中“点亮一枝蜡烛要比咒骂黑暗更有益处”这句话的含义是(C)。

A.别抱怨黑了，去点上枝蜡烛吧

B．与其抱怨世道不公，不如自己发愤图强

C．哪怕是做一些小小的改进努力，都要比光知道抱怨强

4．下面哪类市场信息的获得对创业者来说既现实又最重要(C)。

A.别人不知道而我知道的信息

B．别人不能利用而我能利用的信息

C．别人没有注意而我注意的信息

5．具有支撑社会发展功能的是(B)。

A．企业家决策

B．交换活动

C．行政计划

6．某种产品或服务的市场能够细分是因为(C)。

A．市场需求很多

B．市场很大

C．顾客对产品的需求有差异

7．经营中通常有效的做法是(A)。

A．不断尝试

B．精确预测

C．放开胆量大干

8．市场信息能否得到有效利用，关键在于(A)。

A．把握其中的解释因素

B．市场需求已十分明显

C．组织专家进行分析

1．成功的企业往往把注意力放在(C)。

A．如何战胜竞争者

B．如何确保自己的实力

C．如何有效地为需求者服务

2．维持和发展一项生意的主要依靠是(A)。

A．掌握顾客需求变化

B．掌握竞争对手的动向

C．掌握某项科技发明成果

3．从社会功能的角度看，经商的基本目的之一是(B)。

A．分担行政职能

B．促进社会进步

C．行业均衡

4．对于创业者来说，最重要的资源通常是(C)。

A．资金

B．经营场所

C．兴趣与特长

5．可行的创业设想在于(B)。

A．现有资源的充分利用

B．是否与市场有切合点

C．确保最初利润

6．端正创业心态，并不是为了(C)。

A．更好地正视困难，克服困难

B．更好地团结周围的人

C．更加慎重地进行创业

7．下面哪种说法是正确的(A)。

A．资源可以决定创业的方向

B．兴趣和爱好不属于资源

C．缺乏资源则无法创业

8．创业者最重要的心理要素是(C)。

A．不畏惧面对竞争

B．充分发挥感性作用

C．勇于探索

二、简答题（第9题10分，第10、11题各20分，共计50分）9．媒体收集法的信息来源一般有哪些？

答：书面来源：企业名录、政府信息、相关报纸、贸易或专业协会的刊物、竞争者的文字资料、出版的统计数字和报告。（5分）电视来源：各种新闻、专题片和广告。（3分）网上信息等。（2分）

10.简述创业与交易和竞争的关系及对社会发展的作用？

答：(1)创业与交易是相互依存的关系。企业要通过交易获得材料与设备，通过交易来出售产品和服务以获取利润、求得发展；创办的企业越多，交易的活动和机会就越多、越广。（7分）

(2)创业与竞争是相互促进的关系。更多的企业、产品和服务进入市场，并将会促进竞争；健康竞争的存在，必将会促进企业不断改善自己的产品和服务以及管理与科技水平，从而推动企业的发展。（7分）

(3)正是由于上述关系的存在，为社会创造了更多的财富和就业机会，实现了“优胜劣汰”，所以最终促进了社会的发展。（6分）11.如何对待创业中的挫折与失败？

答：(1)要认识到由于市场的难预测性和创业者本身经验的缺乏，失败和挫折是创业经营中的一种普遍和正常的现象。（6分）

‘2）对待失败要抱有正确的态度：第一，失败了不能畏惧；第二，要善于找到经验教训，找到取得成功的办法，“失败是成功之母”。(6分)(3)善于从别人的失败和错误中汲取经验和教训。（4分）

(4)要善于学习和集思广益。（4分）9．什么是正确的创业心态? 答：(1)保持积极进取的态度。(3分)

(2)遇到困难要保持乐观、积极，把困难当成磨练的财富，不要把客观发生的问题变成你的问题和错误。(4分)

(3)要用积极的态度感染大家，用和善的态度对待大家。(3分)

10．如果你经营某种具有你独创性的产品生产与销售，你应当在哪些环节注意哪些法律问题?(每个环节4分，答出5个给满分，多了不加分)首先要对你的这种独创性产品的生产工艺进行专利申请，同时对产品的商标和你准备生营的公司名称进行注册登记；

如果你这种产品需要进口原料或准备出口，必须要遵守相应的关税规定；

如果你要雇佣员工，要明确雇佣条件，签订雇佣合同，保证工资发放，按合同办事； 在对外合作时，或在与其它公司进行买卖交易时，一定要有合法和清晰的合同与协议； 如果产品的生产需要租赁设备或场地时，要签订相应的租赁合同；

如果涉及土地购置和特种行业，由于这方面法律比较复杂，最好聘请专门的律师。

11．如何用简易的方法判断你面临的竞争水平?(每答出一种方法给4分，共20分)答：在你准备开展业务的地区实地考察一下，看看类似的产品或业务的情况；

查一下电话薄上有关工商类的黄页，看看上面与你类似的企业情况；查询工商企业资料 9．简述创业与交易、竞争的关系，以及对社会发展的作用

答：(1)创业与交易是相互依存的关系。企业要通过交易获得材料与设备，通过交易来出 售产品和服务以获取利润、求得发展；创办的企业越多，交易的活动和机会就越多、越广。（3分）

(2)创业与竞争是相互促进的关系。更多的企业、产品和服务进入市场，并将会促进竞争’

健康竞争的存在，必将会促进企业不断改善自己的产品和服务以及管理与科技水平，从而推动

企业的发展。（4分）

(3)正是由于上述关系的存在，为社会创造了更多的财富和就业机会，实现了“优胜劣汰”，所以最终促进了社会的发展。（3分）

10.为什么说“只有宏伟的设想才能创办出大公司”和“成功创业要依靠创业者的精明，并

善于算计”是创业中的谬误（可以举例说明）? 答：设想越宏伟，与实际的偏离可能就越大，就越容易失败。而且设想越宏伟，所需要的投资就越大，所需要的资源就越多。一方面初创业者可能难以承受，另一方面一旦失误，创业者的损失就很大。（10分）

成功创业不仅要靠创业者的智商，更要靠他的情商。要靠与顾客间建立的良好关系。消 费者可能会被商家算计，但那是一时的。电影<阿甘正传》中的阿甘就是靠他的情商最后赢得

大家的信任与尊重而取得事业的成功的。（10分）

11．“买卖就是关系”所指的关系中应当包括哪些关系？在激烈的市场竞争中，这句话包含了哪些做生意的道理？

答：指的关系包括与顾客的关系、与供应商的关系、与销售商的关系、与员工的关系。（8分）

在激烈的市场竞争中，顾客的选择很多。只有与顾客建立了稳定良好的关系，才能够保证 自己产品与服务的稳定销售。（4分）

产品的制作和销售离不开供应商和销售商，供应商和销售商同样也面临着多种选择，特别 是在原材料紧俏，或产品滞销时，所以与他们保持良好的关系，才能有助于正常生产和销售。（4分）

与员工的关系除了上述同样的道理，而且还关系到企业的形象、企业的生产效率、产品的 质量等等一系列的问题，所以更为重要。（4分）9．确立产品和服务应包括哪些内容和要素？

答：一是确立产品或服务的优势（包括：功能、质量、价格、方便程度、款式）。（每个点1分，共5分）二是确立产品或服务的提供方式（包括交货时间、营业时间，交货的地点、环境和顾客的方便程度，供货的量）。（每个点1分，共5分）

10.举出在市场营销中常用的几种经营策略（不少于5种），（答出5种给10分，多了不加分）并解释（或举例说明）其中任意两种。（每种解释视情况给1～5分，共10分）答：市场领先 产品创新

深入人心及观念竞争 概念炒作 阶梯定位

大批量／低成本 小批量／高成本

11.创业所能采取的合法经营形式有哪些？创业中为什么要强调守法经营？： 答：个体经营、有限责任公司、无限责任公司、合伙人、联合协会等。（每个点2分，共10分）

法律是维护正常市场秩序的，守法经营是创办一个企业的基本准则，否则创业将失去安全感（4分）；当你违法经营时，如果别人侵占了你的利益，你无法用法律来保护自己的合法利益（3分）；你的违法经营随时可能会受到法律对你的惩罚，被经济制裁（3分）。9．创业的社会价值和对个人的价值是什么？ 答：(1)社会价值：有效地开发和利用资源（1分），实现和促进交易活动（1分），维系竞争(1分)，促进个人和社会进步（1分），获得物质和精神上的满足（1分）。（共5分）

(2)个人价值：开发自己的潜能（1分），创造财富、改善生活（1分），提升社会地位、获得别人尊重（2分），获得精神上的满足感（1分）。（共5分）

10.为什么说“只有有了周密的计划，创业才能成功”和“成功公司的标志就是能赚钱”是创业中的谬误（可以举例说明）? 答：之所以说“只有有了周密的计划，创业才能成功”是谬误，一方面是由于市场有许多不可预见因素(3分)，加上创业者经验的缺乏，很难做出真正周密的计划（3分）。计划只有在实践中不断地调整，才能最后完善（3分）；另一方面为了追求周密的计划，而实际上又不可能，就会导致延误创业的启动（3分）。（共12分）

在现代社会中，成功公司追求的目标必须是多层次，特别是社会责任和公众形象，赚钱只是一个方面。只顾赚钱不顾社会责任和公众形象的公司，往往会做出损害社会和公众，特别是消费者的利益，所以理所当然地会受到社会的制裁和消费者的反对，最后反而赚不到钱。（8分）

11．现今产品的销售渠道一般有几种？它们的利弊各是什么？通常在什么情况下采用？ 答：把产品卖给批发商。这种销售方式好处是可以借助批发商开辟的市场，不利之处是相当一部分利润要给批发商，距离顾客比较远，不利于了解顾客的需求。在掌握市场不好且销售力量薄弱时可以采取这种方法。（共5分）

(2747号)创业设计答案第1页（共2页）

建立自己的销售网，直接向零售店供货。这种方式的好处是能够减少一道销售的中间环 节，降低销售成本。且能够更地接近市场，了解顾客的需求。不利的地方是由于还有一道中间环节，所以利润要分割，还不能直接了解顾客的需求。在销售力量不够，采取薄利多销的方式时可以采用这种渠道。（5分）

直销。好处是减少中间成本，直接了解顾客需求。不利之处要求自身销售力量比较强，这方面的成本增加。如果你有比较固定的客户，采取这种方法比较好。（5分）

网上销售。好处是可以借助成本相对较低的网络平台扩大市场宣传，方便顾客购买。不 利的地方是有些产品不好在网上销售，有时网上销售可信度比较低。缺乏、甚至是没有销售队伍时可以通过网上销售实现直销，可以销售个性化强，规模小的产品。（5分）

三、案例分析题（本题26分）

1．鲜果时间

在北京的很多繁华商业街上，都能看到挂着统一绿色“鲜果时间”招牌的饮品小店，它被很多年轻人视为“解渴十解馋”的地方。网上评论这家小店，奶茶香味“浓郁”，冰沙粗细“刚好”。价格“便宜”，量“够足”，“每次都要排队等很久”„„短短几年的时间，它已经在北京开了50多家分店，拥有了众多粉丝。

而它的创办人，是一个不走寻常路东北小伙子，叫宋文博。他中学毕业就开始创业，几次没成功的尝试虽然让他赔掉钱，但却给了他宝贵的经验和教训，也没有让他失去信心。

他想起西安街头有很多“街客”奶茶店，生意很好，东北却还没有类似的街头连锁奶茶店，他决定自己试一试。很快，宋文博在长春的第一家奶茶店“快的客”开业了。多年的经商经验使宋文博通过先送后卖的方式很快打败了附近原有的几家奶茶店，生意越来越火，不久就吸引来了第一位加盟者。成功比他预料的来得还快，不过两年多的时间，“快的客”在东三省以及内蒙古已拥有了近600家加盟店。“当时，我想要做全国第一的奶茶连锁品牌。”年轻人渴望成功的野心开始膨胀，可是扩张店面带给他的喜悦马上被网络上负面消息冲散：不同店面的产品口感差别很大；有些店铺卫生不过关；有些店铺服务态度恶劣„„越来越多的门面使得管理难度越来越大，各种问题的出现使“快的客”品牌大大受创。危机的来临使宋文博不得不开始整顿，并叫停了“快的客”所有地区的加盟。宋文博反思，“快的客”的加盟体系有太多的缺点和漏洞，不适合中高端市场的推广，他想要寻找最有影响力的市场，去重新创造一个更具影响力的奶茶连锁品牌。“一个创业者走到第二步选择还能把腰弯下来非常不容易，一切都要从头再来。就像是一个贫困的人突然富有了，再让他扔掉财富回归贫穷一样。”但是宋文博决定再试一试，他把目光投向了北京。用他自己的话来说，就是“做十个长春，不如做一个北京”。经过半年对北京市场的调研，他凭着年轻的自信和有些过头的冲动，做出了一个出乎所有人预料的决定：撤掉东北所有的资金，带着五六个人的老团队来到北京，从头开始。

宋文博带着团队做市场调研，进行品牌整合，不断调整品牌定位。最终，他决定以“新鲜”为主要卖点，并注册了“鲜果时间”的商标。2007年4月，第一家“鲜果时间”奶茶店在北京交通大学附近开业，“鲜果时间”打上“新鲜、健康、时尚”的标签，尤其是健康的理念，很快赢得了良好口碑，销量火爆。

“鲜果时间”的火爆使宋文博很快再次面临加盟的难题，为了不让“快的客”当年快速扩张的问题重现，这次，宋文博推出了股份合作式直营店方式。这种投资方式，不同于很多品牌只要交加盟费就可挂牌经营，而是用一种合作的办法进行市场推广。有意与“鲜果时间”合作的投资者，不收取加盟费，但必须经过公司的考察，公司对于加盟店投资和经营管理有很高的要求。

要求：(1)以上案例说明了哪些创业的道理？（16分）

(2)对自己有哪些启发，学到了什么？（10分）答：(1)①失败和挫折是正常的，但也给了宝贵的经验和教训，关键是不能丧失信心。（4分）②寻找正确的创业项目发展的地方。（4分）③要不断保持清醒的头脑，调整策略。（4分）④找消费者自己的需要，寻求正确的卖点。（4分）

上述答案仅供参考，允许有不同的结论。关键看理由叙述地是否充分，运用所学知识是否恰当，只要达到这两条标准，就可视为合格。如要满分，要答出3个以上要点。

(2)关于个人的启发和学习的体会：应不少于3点，且一定要是自己真实的体会和认识，并达到一定的深度才能得到满分。(10分)

2.卖二手书

即将毕业大四的学生们开始廉价处理起四年积攒下来的书本。作为一名研究生的延鹏不 由想到，农大的学生很多人都想着跟师兄师姐找一本书凑合用。可是开学了又借不到的大有 人在，这些旧教材完全可以再利用。延鹏从中似乎看到了商机。冲动之下，他马上从家里拿 钱，风风火火地在学校里收起了二手书。事后他说自己也没有想到，当时的一股冲动最后竞成了他坚持的事业。

经过一番忙碌，农大开学之后，延鹏就卖起了他的二手书。第一天竟然就卖出了2000多元钱，可很快麻烦就来了。农大禁止在校园摆摊。但这没有动摇他对“二手教材”的创业信心。学校不让摆摊，他就在校园附近找到一问小屋租了下来，并与三名书生组成了“创业三人组”，书店的名字定为“五色土”，很符合农大特色，也在学生中深人人心。

正当书店初具规模时，课本改版的问题以来了。毕业生卖出大一的书已经是四年前的版 本了，很多教材早已改用了新的版本，二手书卖不出去了。吃一堑长一智，有过这次教训，他们就知道要提早获取课本改版信息，以防再遇到此类问题。“一开始收书很乱，什么书都要，现在就知道挑着收了。”延鹏说。问题一点点解决，经验也在慢慢积累，书店的经营也逐渐有了规模。

延鹏还顺势与校内另一家书店合作扩展生意，如做考研报考点的生意，进了一些考研的新书，在门口摆上些学生平日经常用到的文具，还添了两台冰柜兼卖饮料增加收入。延鹏现在辞去了收入稳定的工作，通过两年多的创业实践，他觉得这种二手书店的模式完全可以在其他大学校园复制，二手教材的销路一直很稳定，而校园是它最稳固的根据地，但书店并非他的最终目的。·t大四毕业去新疆支教那一年的经历对我影响很深，我希望自己以后有能力帮助那些弱势群体，我想通过创业建立一个‘社会企业’，承担更多的社会责任。”他认准了二手书，这个他认为在当今中国最适合做社会企业的行业——以社会价值而非个人利益为根本目标的新型企业形式。

要求：(1)以上案例说明了哪些创业的道理?(16分)(2)对自己有哪些启发，学到了什么?(10分)(1)案例分析：

①有创业的注意力，选择了合适的经营项目。(4分)②不断关注外界环境的变化，调整自己的经营策略。(4分)③根据消费者的需要不断扩展经营内容。(4分)④有崇高的经商目的。(4分)上述答案仅供参考，允许有不同的结论。关键看理由叙述地是否充分，运用所学知识是否恰当，只要达到这两条标准，就可视为合格。如要满分，要答出3个以上要点。

(2)关于个人的启发和学习的体会：应不少于3点，且一定要是自己真实的体会和认识，并达到一定的深度才能得到满分。(10分)3.孕妇餐厅赚足准妈妈的钱

商界有个众所周知的窍门，女人和孩子的钱最好赚，由此衍生出无数的商机。有人在竞争 激烈的孕婴产品市场中独辟蹊径，开出京城首家孕妇餐厅。

近年来，随着人们对下一代的关注不断加大，国内孕婴产品市场发展很快，成为一块掘金 宝地，但是专门为孕妇提供的营养餐却一起无人问津。有人发现准妈妈在长达280天的“孕 程”里，绝大多数无法得到专业的营养饮食咨询和配餐服务。孕期营养不足或营养过剩引发的

各类胎儿问题是准妈妈们最担心的问题。在怀孕期间，巨大的妊娠反应常常让准妈妈们没有 胃口，但为了宝宝，还需要加强营养。家常饭虽然清淡可口，却很难保证妈妈们“特殊时期”的营养需求；而外面的饭馆显然也无法照顾到准妈妈这一特殊群体的特殊要求。而开设孕妇餐

厅，可以满足市场的这种特殊需求，弥补目前的空白。

创业者将餐厅建在妇产医院旁边，厅内设计以紫色为主（这是许多准妈妈在怀孕期间最喜 欢看到的颜色），餐厅内的桌椅高度都经过严格的测量，便于准妈妈们搀扶起坐），安排了靠垫，洗手间也进行了精心设计，绝对禁止吸烟。

一套月子餐用40多种食材，月子餐价格不菲，每天280元。包括三正餐三加餐，负责送 餐。这个价格一度引起争议，因为一个月要七八千，一般孕妇吃不起。但这是由40多种食材

精心搭配烹制而成，食材一律不含味精、鸡精等调味品，并且保证低盐、低糖、低脂，充分保存了食品的营养价值。还分孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期三个不同阶段。每个套餐都包含凉菜、主菜、副菜、主食、汤等，同时注明了营养成分和功效。

要求：(1)以上案例说明了哪些创业的道理？你还可以从所学的知识中提供哪些改进的建 议？

(2)对自己有哪些启发，学到了什么？

(1)①认真进行市场调查，顾客需求把握准确；(3分)②市场营销策略得当：定位于“窄众客户”的差异性服务，避开激烈竞争；目标选择准确（大多数人不知道怀孕期间如何提供餐馆），客户心理把握的好（价格虽然贵些，但一辈子就一次。对丈夫来说这钱是花在妻子和自己孩子身上），所以消费需求容易引导，也便于形成经营特色；（5分）

③产品名称、场地、设计都考虑的细致，符合顾客需求。（4分）

建议：因为目标客户有限，所以产品和服务的成本难以降低，要努力增加规模。（4分）上述答案仅供参考，允许有不同的结论。关键看理由叙述地是否充分，运用所学知识是否 恰当，只要达到这两条标准，就可视为合格。如要满分，要点要答出3个以上。

(2)关于个人的启发和学习的体会：得到满分应不少于3点，且一定要是自己真实的体会

和认识。

4.走进“袜进化”时代

晓红工作不理想，工资太低，于是辞职卖袜子。但一般棉袜利润太低，与生意理想相距甚 远，终将是摆小摊的。看到商店卖长筒袜价格高，利润也高，于是想做，但发现一次进货至少要进2000双（一箱），如果还要多些花样，启动资金要5～6万，太多了。

她偶然发现了一种叫“果冻凝胶”的袜子，这是一种功能袜，一双可以穿50～60次，这种“果冻凝胶”可以起到美容脚部的作用，使之柔软、白皙，特别是对穿高跟鞋的职业女性，可以使其脚不长茧子。经过一番搜索，终于全国最大的袜子市场义乌找到了这种袜子，又找到生产这种袜子的厂家。正好他们正在推广这种新产品，所以同意给她混搭批发的优惠。她将所有的积蓄都买了这种袜子。

有了商品还要有出售的柜台和铺面，她由于没钱，所以采取了一种独特的宣传方式，先做招贴画，上面醒目的写着“真正的美女，连脚部都没有瑕疵”和“果冻凝胶袜，还你一双无瑕的美足”。然后在广场摆了个小摊位，开展免费体验活动（50双），送袜子的同时附一张她的名片。半个月后开始有反馈，她采取送货上门的方式。取得初步收效后，她开始打广告，当拥有更多的顾客后，她在商业街租个门店。起个名字叫“袜进化”，即袜子的功能进化了。随后根据发展的需要她在店里又加了足部护理，生意越做越大。要求：(1)以上案例说明了哪些创业的道理？（16分）

(2)对自己有哪些启发，学到了什么？（10分）(1)案例分析：

①寻求合适的创业项目。选择了合适的经营项目（4分）

②创业的起步方式得当。当有了合适的商品后，不急于租店铺和打广告，而是选择了非常有效且少花钱的宣传推广方式；（6分）

③营销策略恰当。把握消费者的心理，免费派送且带联系方式。送货上门且在适当时候 租门店。不断发掘消费者的潜在需求。（6分）

上述答案仅供参考，允许有不同的结论。关键看理由叙述地是否充分，运用所学知识是否恰当，只要达到这两条标准，就可视为合格。如要满分，要答出3个以上要点。

(2)关于个人的启发和学习的体会：应不少于3点，且一定要是自己真实的体会和认识，5.文具创业

小王家境贫寒，上了大学后不愿给家人增加负担，虽然在学校里参加勤工俭学，但发现以这种方式凑够学费比较困难。

有一次他上街路过一所小学门口，偶然发现小学生们都在一个小摊上挑选文具。他过去 一看，发现色彩鲜艳、有卡通图案，带有修正液的文具普遍受欢迎。于是他就去批发市场挑选小学生们喜爱的文具盒批发。销路不错但利润比较小。

后来他发现，如果做产品代理，利润可以高得多。但要做品牌代理，必须要有一定的资金。但他无法向家里开口。后来他与一家品牌厂家反复恳求，人家让他先去跑订单试试，他历经磨难和辛苦，获得了不少订单，终于成为了这家品牌的代理，而后自己开了一个店，陆续代理了几个品牌，还雇了一些人，完全解决了自己上大学的费用。要求：(1)以上案例说明了哪些创业的道理？（16分）

(2)对自己有哪些启发，学到了什么？（10分）(1)案例分析：

①有创业的动力、毅力和吃苦精神；(4分)②对市场的注意力；（4分）③获取启动资金的方式有多种；（4分）

④不一定自己开发产品，代理别人的产品也一样可以。（4分）

上述答案仅供参考，允许有不同的结论。关键看理由叙述地是否充分，运用所学知识是否适当，只要达到这两条标准，就可视为合格。如要满分，要答出3个以上要点。

7.历年专升本考试试题 篇七

1 对象和方法

1.1 调查对象

采取整体调查的方法, 选择我校三年制护理专业二年级学生110人为调查对象。

1.2 调查方法

调查问卷由笔者参考相关文献后自行设计, 问题分为封闭式和开放式两类, 对学生参加专升本考试意向进行调查。由笔者发放问卷, 采用统一指导语, 说明调查的目的、意义及问卷填写方式。问卷由被调查人采用无记名方式自行填写, 现场收回。发放调查问卷110份, 收回有效问卷108份, 有效回收率为98.2%。

1.3 统计学方法

使用Excel 2003软件进行数据录入、统计。

2 结果

2.1 学生参加普通高校专升本考试意向统计

调查结果显示, 有参加专升本考试意向的72人, 占66.7%;没有参加专升本考试意向的31人, 占28.7%;没有考虑过的5人, 占4.6%。

2.2 有参加普通高校专升本考试意向的学生情况分析

2.2.1 学生有参加专升本考试意向的原因 (见表1)

通过表1可以看出, 促使学生参加专升本考试的3个主要原因是: (1) 本科文凭很重要 (占69.4%) 。学生认为在本科院校接受高层次的教育可以让他们学到更多的知识, 获得更高的学历, 提高自身竞争力。 (2) 就业压力大 (占86.1%) , 而高学历是找工作的敲门砖, 期望通过专升本获得本科文凭。很多学生对我国目前的就业形势有清楚的认识, 意识到人才市场化和求职就业的激烈竞争, 使学历显得尤为重要, 例如高职院校学生毕业后想进三甲医院工作相对较难, 用人单位认为本科学历的学生能力更强。相对来说, 护理专业本科生的就业情况比专科生好, 因此部分专科生希望进一步攻读本科, 提升学历, 以此增加就业机会, 找到理想工作。 (3) 个人理想, 希望继续深造 (占72.2%) 。专升本可以满足部分学生的大学梦, 部分学生因为高考失误以及家庭和社会的压力不情愿地进入高职院校学习, 而专升本为其提供了机会, 使其可以进入心仪的本科院校实现个人理想, 这部分学生的求学欲和学习积极性也较强[1]。

家长的建议或要求也是促使学生参加专升本考试的重要原因, 家长都“望子成龙、望女成凤”, 认为孩子的学历越高, 找的工作就会越理想, 所以16.7%的学生是因为家长意愿而参加专升本考试, 这部分学生中很多人是被动选择, 考本积极性相对较差, 存在应付家长的心理。还有15.3%学生因为不喜欢护理专业而选择专升本, 他们高考时由于各种原因而被迫选择护理专业, 期望考本后提高学历以便找其他类型的工作, 这部分学生的专升本积极性很高, 都能主动备战。因为逃避就业想继续过校园生活以及目的不明确、从众心理、跟风考试的学生并不是很多, 说明大部分学生选择专升本是经过慎重考虑的, 目的比较明确。

2.2.2 对参加专升本考试是否已有计划 (见表2)

由表2可以看出, 对专升本考试有非常详细计划的学生仅占1.4%, 有大概计划的占75.0%, 没有任何计划的占23.6%。学生有参加专升本考试的意向, 但是有详细计划的人很少, 大部分学生只是大概计划一下。说明很多学生对专升本考试只是有单纯意向, 虽然打算参加专升本考试, 但对其缺乏系统的认识和了解, 没有明确的计划和方向, 这就造成学生考本期间容易遇到更多的问题, 有的因为各种原因中断学习, 放弃考试, 甚至部分学生对考本毫无认识, 只停留在想与不想阶段, 也无具体的计划, 容易半途而废。

2.2.3 读本与就业的选择

学生对“假如考上本科, 同时又找到一份理想的工作, 你会如何选择”的回答为:55.6%的人选择读本, 33.3%的人选择就业, 11.1%的人选择征求家长意见。说明大部分学生的考本意愿还是很强烈的, 认为应先提高学历再就业, 这样可以选择更加理想的工作, 这部分学生考本期间意志坚定, 半途而废的较少;还有部分学生认为应先就业再提升学历, 认为现在就业压力较大, 能找到较理想的工作就先就业, 工作过程中再通过其他途径提高学历;另有少部分学生认为上本科和就业是人生中的重要选择, 自己不能做主, 依赖家长进行选择。

2.3 学生无参加专升本考试意向的原因 (见表3)

由表3可以看出, 学生不愿参加专升本考试的3个主要原因是: (1) 想先就业, 再接受继续教育 (占67.7%) 。现代社会竞争激烈, 许多学生想先找到工作, 然后再接受继续教育。他们认为自己已经读了十多年的书, 现在应该去参加工作, 将来再接受继续教育, 既不耽误工作, 也可以提升学历。 (2) 考试难, 自己考上的几率小 (占61.3%) 。2013年山东省专升本政策规定, 为保证录取质量, 设定公共课、专业综合课和总成绩最低录取分数线。同时对专业录取人数有了明确限制, 规定分专业录取人数不超过报考人数的50%。这一政策的制定与实施, 虽然有利于专升本教育的稳定发展, 保证专升本教育质量, 但同时增加了考试难度。高职院校学生与普通高校专科学生相比, 基础普遍较差, 加上往年考上专升本的学生相对较少, 很多学生认为自己就算努力也不一定能考上, 所以干脆放弃。 (3) 减轻家庭经济负担 (占45.2%) 。许多学生是因为家庭经济困难而选择上高职院校的, 他们认为, 两年本科学习势必会加重家庭经济负担, 希望尽早参加工作。

同时, 25.8%的学生担心两年后本科毕业仍然不好就业。现在高等教育普及, 大量本科生, 甚至研究生毕业后都会面临待业的问题。同时, 高职护理专升本毕业生的毕业证书中填写有“在我校护理专业专科起点本科学习”内容, 使升本学历证书的含金量大打折扣[2]。学生毕业后面临社会的不认可, 在与普通本科毕业生同场竞聘中被录取的比例相差较大, 个别单位甚至明确提出不要专升本的学生, 认为他们有同等的学历, 却没有同等的能力[3]。所以很多学生担心本科学习两年, 花费大量时间和金钱, 毕业后仍然找不到理想的工作。

19.4%的学生因为年龄原因放弃专升本。护理专业大部分为女生, 毕业时年龄为21~23岁, 如果继续读两年本科, 很多学生年龄将超过25岁, 会对她们的婚恋和生育产生影响。从优生学的角度来讲, 妇女的最佳生育期为20~27岁, 女性从27岁开始生育能力逐渐下降, 过于晚育势必会影响孩子的健康, 很多学生担心将来影响她们的择偶范围而选择放弃考本[4]。

9.7%的学生认为从事护理工作不需要太高学历, 无论学历高低干的工作都一样。这也反映出我国护理行业存在的问题。在我国绝大部分医院, 护理人员在工作中并不能体现高学历的价值, 所以很多学生认为没有必要考本。

2.4 没考虑过专升本的学生情况分析

从来没考虑过专升本的学生只有5名, 占总人数的4.6%, 说明对专升本考试完全没考虑的学生很少。

2.5 学生对学历、能力的认识 (见表4)

从表4可以看出, 多数学生认为在学历和能力之间, 能力显得更为重要。说明大部分学生对高职教育是有一定认识的。高职教育有其特殊性, 即针对具体岗位培养学生, 对学生强调更多的是岗位所需的操作应用技能。

2.6 学生对现有学历的认识 (见表5)

通过调查发现, 大部分学生认为专科学历基本可以满足日后护理工作的需要, 他们对现有学历比较认可, 但认为专科学历完全满足日后工作需求的学生很少, 说明他们也意识到应对自身学历有所提高。相对来说, 愿意参加专升本考试的学生认为现有学历不能满足日后工作需要的较多, 这也是他们选择参加专升本考试的重要原因。

2.7 学生希望学校提供的帮助

大部分学生认为自己对专升本了解甚少, 希望学校和任课教师能多提供相关信息, 开设相关课程并进行专升本考试辅导, 同时增加教学资源, 提高专升本考试通过率, 对他们多鼓励, 增强他们的自信心。

3 讨论

调查结果显示, 很多学生有参加专升本考试的意向, 也有较强的求知欲和就业意识, 但无论是否有参加专升本考试的意向, 对专升本和自身发展都缺乏系统认识和了解, 学校可以根据不同学生状况提供相应帮助, 因材施教, 帮其规划未来。

3.1 提升学历是个体发展的需要

我国社会经济与科学技术正处在快速发展阶段, 社会对护理人员的要求越来越高, 专科层次的护理教育已不能满足社会发展的需要, 在终身教育理论背景下, 高职生的健康成长和可持续发展问题是不容忽视的[5]。合理引导学生的升学热情, 鼓励其求学积极性, 有利于学生成长和个人发展。根据调查, 愿意参加专升本考试的学生大部分是认同职业教育的, 但还想通过本科教育提升自身的就业竞争力。提升学历既符合大多数学生个人发展的需要, 也满足家长让子女接受更高层次教育的中国传统文化心理[6]。

3.2 高职生特点是影响参加专升本考试的重要因素

大部分学生有参加专升本考试的意向, 部分没有意向的学生也期望毕业后通过继续教育提高学历, 但是, 绝大部分学生只是有想法而没有具体计划, 对专升本考试存有畏惧心理, 对自己的未来也没有任何规划, 不知道自己需要什么, 这和高职生的特点有一定关系。高职生的特点是年龄小、基础薄弱、意志力不强, 一直生活在象牙塔之内, 在家依赖父母, 在校依赖老师, 不能自立, 对未来很少考虑。同时, 医学专业课比较抽象、枯燥, 学生学习起来比较困难, 所以对专升本考试较为畏惧, 有部分学生虽然决定参加专升本考试, 但因为压力太大, 复习科目太多而中途放弃。

3.3 学校和教师应对学生进行升学或职业规划指导

调查显示, 并不是所有学生都适合参加专升本考试, 为了让学生能够更加合理地规划自己的未来, 学校和教师应根据不同学生的需求提供个性化辅导。学校可以在新生入校后邀请往届通过专升本考试考入本科院校的校友进行考本讲座, 介绍什么是专升本以及复习、考试经验, 解决学生关心的问题[7]。让学生在入学之初就了解专升本, 在日后的学习中有针对性地去学习, 考虑自己是否适合参加专升本考试。

摘要：目的 了解高职护生参加普通高校专升本考试的意向, 以便为学生发展提供针对性服务。方法 对我校三年制护生108人进行问卷调查。结果 调查结果显示, 有参加专升本考试意向的护生共72人, 占66.7%;没有该意向的31人, 占28.7%;没有考虑过的5人, 占4.6%。结论 高职护生多数有专升本意愿, 希望提高学历, 但对专升本缺乏认识和了解, 学校和教师要指导其进行科学、合理的升学或职业规划。

关键词：高职护生,专升本考试,意向

参考文献

[1]王玉莉, 绳杰清, 李莎莎, 等.护理专业专升本学生学习动机及影响因素的质性研究[J].护理管理杂志, 2010 (8) :533-535.

[2]苏春年, 王利群.对全日制“专升本”学历教育的思考[J].中国医药指南:学术版, 2007 (9) :40-41.

[3]姬慧.发展高层次职业技术教育的必要性研究[J].科技情报开发与经济, 2005 (30) :165-166.

[4]周彦.浅谈大学生考研热[J].商品与质量, 2011 (6) :224.

[5]王尹芬.对部分高职专升本实践的研究[J].教育与教学研究, 2013 (3) :90-93.

[6]史宪风.护理专业专升本人才培养模式探讨[J].护理研究, 2008, 20 (7) :1868-1869.

8.历年专升本考试试题 篇八

[关键词]：专升本；高等数学；函数；数学运算；

[中图分类号]： G632 [文献标识码] A [文章编号]

[作者介绍]：沈澄（1963-），女，浙江宁波人，浙江工商职业技术学院副教授，主要从事应用数学教育教学的研究。

浙江省教育考试院于2012年颁布的《高等数学》考试新大纲至今已实施了五年[1]，作为选拔人才的专升本考试，历来没有固定不变的框架，考题热点再现板块轮动，但对于综合性的压轴试题，近几年均涉及函数连续性、变上限函数、等比级数敛散性、第二换元积分法、二阶微分方程等深层次的核心数学运算，试题难度大，运算量大，技巧性强，着重考核学生具备清晰的数学概念、扎实的运算功底、严谨的抽象思维和严密的逻辑推理能力，以下通过压轴真题的分析来阐明。

一、解密2013年26题，突出“拉氏定理”的应用

拉氏定理是罗尔中值定理的推广，是柯西中值定理的特殊情形，定理的理论应用属新增的知识考点，因其数学形式化严密，学生难以入手，因而容易忽视对该考点的教学辅导。

二、解密2014年24题，强化运算功底的综合训练

试题综合了变上限函数知识点，求解的思路是构建一个二阶非齐次线性微分方程，通过特征方程求解齐次方程的通解、采用待定系数法求解非齐次方程的特解，从而得到非齐次方程的通解，讨论初始条件确定非齐次方程的特解，即求得f（x），详解过程留给读者完成。该试题仍是对考纲新增知识点的考核，其运算量和难度较往年明显增大，因此考核学生具有扎实的数学功底，选拔优秀人才成为命题的主趋势。分析表明，数学运算是数学能力的综合体现，压轴题涵盖的章节内容跨度大，知识点密集，融合了常规解题技巧。怎样帮助层次低、起点低、基础差、课时少、学习习惯不良的高职学生，顺利进入高一级学府深造，笔者将教学耕耘的点滴收获纳入拙文。

三、探究实战辅导的教学策略

1、重基础重能力重应试。专升本是大专学生的第二次高考，为保证学生比竞争者考分高，复习方法、进程安排、难易程度等环节的把握至关重要。实战教学力行重基础重能力重应试的辅导策略，即重视基础知识基本能力的训练，重视应试方法的磨炼。⑴不可懈怠地掌握一元函数微分学与积分学的基础知识，切实巩固极限、导数和积分三大基本运算；⑵对历年高频考点试题，通过理论解析、例题实证、多角度、多形式地进行深度训练，强化学生对考纲的把握和运算能力的提高；⑶对热点题型一题多解，拓展学生思维，提高应试的灵活性。

2、导方法导技巧导心理。通过解读考纲，明确重点、难点、易考点，归纳总结常规解题思路、方法、技巧；归纳总结常容易犯下的错误、笔误和不规范的书写；明确要记住的概念、公式、结论；帮助学生整理并储备有代表性的题型以及心理应试程序，吃透考试方向。

3、抓大放小突出强项。高职学生学习能力存在显著的差异，导致每位学生自己对知识重点、难点的掌握程度各不相同，自己的溥弱环节也各不相同，因此因材施教、因人施学[2]，常采用抓大放小突出强项的这一特色辅导形式，见效快成效好，历年来上线率和录取率持续攀高。媒体报道2015年学校专升本上线率为95.88%，录取率为93.81%，再次刷新历史记录。

参考文献：

[1] 沈澄.基于专升本考试的高职数学课程设置与构建[J].职教通讯.2012（18）：22-24

[2] 沈澄.新《高等数学》专升本考试大纲课程体系下的教学思考[J].浙江工商职业技术学院学报.2012（1）：78-81

[3] 李承家 高等数学[M] 浙江工商大学出版社 2015.3