九年级英语测试题九(共8篇)
1.九年级英语测试题九 篇一
九年级英语试题
一. 选择题
(每小题1 分,共15 分)
从A B C D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
()1The Smiths don’t usually like staying at ______ hotels , but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ______ sea.A /;a
B the;the
C /;the
D the;a()2.We _______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A set about
B set up
C set out
D set down()3.The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself ________
A hear
B to be heard
C heard
D hearing()4 My brother can ride a horse and swim ,and he can shoot________
A as well
B also
C as well as
D either()5.This is all______ I have ever seen.A where
B that
C what
D which()6 I don’t know about you ,I’m sick and tired of this weather.————.I can’t stand all this rain.A I don’t care
B It’s hard to say
C so am I
D I hope so()7 She gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing ______
A in case
B in addition
C on purpose
D in return()8.It is known ______ us that tigers belong to the cat family.A with
B by
C to
D at()9.The kind lady devoted all her life to ______ those homeless children.A help
B helping
C being helped
D be helped()10 Do you think _____ true that _____ is hard work that leads to success?
A it / it
B it / what
C that / it
D what / which()11.——He failed the exam again.—— He_____ his teacher’s advice.A should not have followed
B should not follow
C should follow
D should have follow()12 Only when he went abroad ___ the importance of learning foreign languages.A he realized
B did he realize
C he did realize
D he had realized()13 The reason ___
_ he changed his mind is___ _ he would not like to get into trouble.A for what;that
B why;that
C for which;because D which;that()14 The other day he ran across one of his friends on the street , whom he ______for ages.A didn’t see
B hasn’t seen
C hadn’t seen
D doesn’t see()15 After graduation, he took all works to London _______ get a good job there.A so that
B in order that
C in order to
D as to 二.完形填空(每小题1 分,共15分)
Jane’s mother worked on the farm from dawn till dark, which just could make ends meet.To make Jane live a16life.Mother was very carful about spending money.17Jane didn’t understand her.Every day Mother was busy with her 18 while Jane was studying at school, so they had little time to enjoy themselves.One day, Mother realized Jane was unhappy and even 19to her, so she decided to go 20 with Jane to make Jane happy.On Sunday morning they went happily to the snowfield.Since they were 21in white clothes, the manager advised them to buy ski clothes.He said22there was an accident, they might be easily 23 in their ski clothes.Mother couldn’t24them, so she refused.Then they went skiing in their white clothes.They were skiing happily on the25 when suddenly the snowfield began to 26.It was the snowslide(雪崩).They ran a long way and 27the snowslide finally, but they couldn’t find their way.Later, a helicopter was flying above, 28people on it couldn’t see or hear them.Jane was 29because she had hurt her head seriously and 30 dropped on the snow.Just then an idea struck Mother.She pierced(刺破)her wrist 31 and then bright red blood dropped down on the snowfield.A red SOS was on the snow.At last Jane 32 , but Mother died.Every time I 33 the blood dropping onto the snowfield, I feel 3 4.I believe anyone who hears the tragedy will 35 Mother for her selfless love to her daughter.16.A.happy B.healthy C.busy D.meaningful 17.A.Moreover B.However
C.Anyway D.Though 18.A.writing
B.housework
C.work D.research 19.A.unfriendly
B.loyal
C.kind D.cruel 20.A.skating
B.dancing
C.hiking D.skiing 21.A.all
B.both C.either D.every 22.A.now that
B.in case
C.as though D.even if 23.A.searched
B.examined C.found D.caught 24.A.pay
B.manage C.afford D.stand 25.A.mountain
B.farmland C.playground D.snowfield 26.A.change t B.mel C.shake D.jump 27.A.escaped
B.passed
C.experienced D.overcame 28.A.but
B.so C.since D.while 29.A.in despair
B.in danger C.in peace D.in ruins 30.A.hair
B.blood C.tears D.jewels 31.A.carefully
B.slowly C.immediately D.hardly 32.A.cried
B.died
C.woke D.survived 33.A.find out
B.think of C.suffer from
D.come across 34.A.satisfied
B.curious C.anxious D.painful 35.A.admire
B.envy C.reward D.thank
三.阅读理解(每小题2分,共40分)
(A)
Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simple because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth.We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to failure.Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their chidren from the knowledge that they have failed.One way is to lower standards.A mother describes her child’s hastily made table as “perfect”,even though it wobbles(摇晃)on uneven legs.Another way is to shift blame.If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.The trouble with faiure prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real word.The young needno one can win all the time—and that it is possible to enjoy a game even when you don’t win.A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’s make the honor roll or the baseball team, feels terrible, of course, But parents should not offer a quick consolation(安慰)prize or say, “It doesn’t matter” because it does.The young should be allowed to allowed to experience disappointment and be helped to master it.Failure is never pleasurable.It hurts adults and child alike.But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it.Step one is to ask “why did I fail?”Resist the natural impulse to balme someone else.Ask yourself what you did wrong and how you can improve.If someone else can help, don’t be shy about inquiring.to learn that no one can be best at everying.36.This passage mainly tells us about ___________.A.the reason why people fail
B how to fail
C the ways to prevent failures
D the importance of facing failures 37.The second paragraph tells us ____.A.how a mother praised her children
B.two ways of failure prevention most parents used when their children fail
C.how to shift blame
D.parents should blame their children at the proper time
When the writer says “every person has the right to fail”, he means “__________--” A the world is full of failures
B everyone makes mistakes C failures are not common in our lives
D no one can grow up without failures 39 By saying “protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed”.The writer means that most parents try their best__________ A to let their children know that they won’t fail.B to teach their children about the knowledge of failure C to provide their children with the knowledge against failure.D to keep their children from realizing that they failed.40 According to the passage , if you are facing failure ,you should _________ A blame someone else
B face it yourself and not ask others for help C forget it as soon as possible
D think it over and find ways to improve it
(B)It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument.We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War III.She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor.And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either.In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修)in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son?” she bemoans all the time.Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer.I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr.Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son.I can’t be like him.I’m the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame(名声)or salary.I understand why my mother is worried about my future major.I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours.She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 pm or even 6 pm.However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful.I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.41.Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about? A.The writer’s studies.B.The writer’s future job
C.Dinner plans
D.Wars around the world 42.We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s mother ____________.A.doesn’t want the writer to major in English B.doesn’t think the writer should be a doctor C.gets along very well with the writer D.doesn’t think working in the science field is a good idea
43.The underlined word “bemoans” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____________.A.agrees
B.shouts
C.complains
D.smiles 44.Which of following statements is probable TRUE ab;out the writer? A.He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.B.He wants to find a job in his community in the future.C.He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.D.He wants to do so something he really likes in the future.45 We can know from the last paragraph that_________ A the writer’s mother works very hard for the family B the writer doesn’t know what his future will be like C the writer doesn’t think being a doctor is good
D the writer sometimes thinks his mother’s advice is very good
(C)
A British judge ruled recently that swearing(咒骂)at the police is not a crime(犯罪), setting off a heated debate(辩论)across the nation.Denzel Cassiues Harvey , 19 ,was stopped outside his home in Hackney , East London , by police officers who thought he was carrying drugs.He was fined £50 by a count for repeatedly(重复)swearing at the police who were searching him for drugs.But judge David Bean overturned(推翻)the decision of the previous(以前的)court.He said that police officers hear foul language too frequently to be offended(冒犯).Judge David Bean said the foul language used by Harvey was unlikely to cause the police officers harm , alarm or distress(苦恼), because it was so “common”.The judge may have been right to cancel(取消)the fine in this individual case.But there are massive problems with what he said when making the ruling.Foul language is frequently directed at police officers, but this doesn’t mean that it should be accepted as part of their working life.How can we justify(证明)this ? There are the people who devote their lives to protecting us.What does it say about our respect for the police , if we see them as people who can be spoken to abusively(粗暴地)without a second thought? There are many times that police officers do not penalize member of the public for swearing at them and it would be impractical(不切实际的)to punish every person that abuses(辱骂)them with foul language.But if officers feel that someone has crossed the line , they should not be criticized for reacting(反应)to this.They are there to make these judgement and we need to allow them to do so.The question is not what is said, but how the language is used.If a person swears with genuine(真实的)aggression(进攻,侵犯)and aims to cause fear they should be penalized.The police are enforcers(实施者)of the law, not mute(无声的)punch bags.(沙袋)46 Why was Denzel Cassiues Harvey stopped by police officers?
A Because he was carrying drugs in his pocket.B Because the police suspected that he was carrying drugs
C Because he swore at police officers on duty.D Because he was a wanted criminal.47 What do you know about David Bean ?
A He is 19 years old
B He offended police officers
B He canceled the £ 50 fine
D He was a police officer 48 What does the writer think of Judge David Bean’s ruling ?
A He disapproves of David Bean’s ruling
B He thinks it right for Judge David Bean to cancel the fine.C He thinks Judge David Bean’s ruling sounded reasonable.D He thinks highly of David Bean’s ruling.49 What does the underlined word “penalize” mean ?
A Offend
B Abuse
C Criticize
D Punish 50 Which of the following is the best title ?
A Law needs to protect the police, too
B Swearing at the police should be banned
C Denzel Cassiues Harvey’s case set off a heated debate
D Judges are supposed to support the police
(D)
What exactly is a lie ? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue ?Or is it something more than that ?For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you.You say “I wish I could help you, but I am short of money myself.” In fact , you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this.Is this really a lie ? Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of southern California has made a scientific study of lying.According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it’s terrible.However, this is only one side of the story.Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise that they have no intention of carrying out.This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at :the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.Research has been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, unimportant ways when they lie.It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual.To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”.They also tend to touch certain parts of the face, particularly the nose.One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure.The tip of the nose is very sensitive to changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.Another gesture that gives liars away is what the writer Decmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls the “mouth cover”.He says that there are several typical forms of this ,such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side off the mouth.Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious(未察觉的)attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself from lying.Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth , moving about in a chair can not be taken as proof that the speaker is lying.They simply tend to happen more often in this situation.It is one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things , and in particular the context(上下文)which the lie is told.51.According to the passage, a white lie seems to be a lie ______.A.that other people believe
B.that other people don’t believe
C.told in order not to hurt someone’s feelings
D.told in order to take advantage of someone 52..Research suggests that women _____.A.are better at telling less serious lies than men
B.generally lie for more than men do C.often make promises they intend to break
D.lie at parties more often than men do 53..Researchers find that when a person tells lies _____.A.his blood pressure increases measurably
B.he looks very serious C.he is likely to make some small changes in his behavior
D.he uses his unconscious mind 54.The writer of the passage______.A.hates lying
B.enjoys lying
C.often tells a lie
D.tries to study aboutc lying 55.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a sign of lying ? A.Touching one’s ears
B.Rubbing the nose C.Moving in a chair
D.Covering the mouth 四.英语改错题
(10 分,每小题0.5分)
下面短文中分别有10处语言错误。请在错误的地方作出记号,增加,删除或修改某个单词。写在横线上。
(1)
We are all busy talking about and use the Internet which set up many years ago.At first ,the internet was only used by the government ,but in the early 1970s’, universities, hospitals and banks were allowed to use it as well as.However, computers were still expensive and the Internet was difficult to use it.Thirty years later, computers become cheaper and easier.Today it is easy to get on line and it is told that millions people use the Internet every day.Send e-mail is more and more popular between students.It has become one of the most important parts of people’s life.56_________ 57_________ 58___________
59__________
___________ 61_________ 62_________ 63___________
64___________ 65 ___________
(2)
An old woman had a cat.The cat was very old to run quickly, and nor was she able to bite it, One day the old cat saw a mouse in the kitchen.she jumped and caught it.But the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, so the cat could not bite it;Then the old woman became very angrily because the cat had not killed the mouse.She began to hit the cat in the head.The cat said, “Do not hit your old servant.I had worked for you for many years, and I would even work for you , but I am too old.Do not unkind to the old, but remember how good work the old did when they were young.Nobody stay young forever.”
66_________ 67_________ 68___________ 69___________
___________
71_________ 72_________ 73___________ 74___________
___________ 五.单词拼写(15 分)
76.Michael is quiet, he doesn’t want to join in o_________ activities.77.The s_______ made people feel sick.78.Everyone thought he was j _______ ,but in fact he was completely serious.79.Though I have never seen him, his name is quite f _______ to me.80.When I s _____ the tree, some of the fruit fell to the ground.81.The machine doesn’t work.It needs r _______.82 We are deeply i _________ that he still works hard even though he is blind.83.Many people think I am a great s ___
__ at school.But I know I still have a long way to go.84.The school is b ______ in need of good teachers.85 The volunteers from the charity are busy r _______ money for the sick children.86 The painting is p __________by thick glass.87 At any time ,we should put s ___________ in the first place.88 This kind of chair is e ___________ designed for the lame.89 Hurricane is a terrible n ________ disaster that often hits the American coastal areas.90 This competition is a real c ___________.六. 书面表达(10 分)假定你是李磊,针对目前许多学生睡眠不足的现状,你希望学校取消早读课(Morning reading class)以保证学生有充足的睡眠。请你用英语向校长写一封信,描述你在睡眠方面遇到的问题,并提出你的建议。具体内容包括: 1近况:状况看似良好。2.问题:睡眠严重不足。
3.原因:作业太多,睡觉时间太迟,早上起得太早。。。4.恳求:取消早读。注意:词数80字左右。开头语已写出,不计词数。
Dear schoolmaster,I’m very glad that I can study in such a good school, It seems that I am getting along with myself very well, but __________________________________________________
________ _________________________________________________________________________ 答题纸
一.选择题(每小题 1 分)______ _ _ 2 ________ 3 __________ 4 ____________ 5 _____________ 6 ______ __ 7 ________ 8 __________ 9 ____________ 10 ____________ 11 ________ 12 _________ 13 _________ 14 ___________ ____________ 二.完形填空(每小题 1 分)________ 17 ______ ___ 18 ___________ 19 ____________ 20 ___________ 21 ________ 22 ______ ___ 23 ___________ 24 ___________ 25 ___________ 26 ________ 27 __________28 __________ ____________ 30 __________ _ 31 _________ 32 __________ 33 ___________ 34 ____________ 35 ____________ 三.阅读理解(每小题 2 分)
__________ 37 __________ 38 __________ 39 ____________ 40 _____________ 41 _________ 42 __________ 43__________ 44__________ __ 45 _____________ 46___________ 47_________ 48__________ 49 ____________ 50 _____________ 51___________ 52 __________ 53 __________54_____________ 55_______ _____ 四.(短文改错 每小题0.5分)
第一篇
56_________ 57_________ 58___________ 59________ __ 60 ___________ 61_________ 62_________ 63___________ 64___________ 65 ___________
第二篇
66_________
67_________ 68___________ 69___________ 70 ___________ 71_________
72_________ 73___________ 74___________ 75 _________ _ 五.单词填空(每小题 1 分)
__________ 77___________ 78 __________ 79____________ 80____________ 81________ __ 82___________ 83 ___________84___________ 85__________ __ 86 __________87 ________ __ 88___________ 89 ____________90 ___________ 六.作文(10 分)Dear schoolmaster,I’m very glad that I can study in such a good school, It seems that I am getting along with myself very well, but
试卷答案 一.选择题
1---5 C C C A B
6---10 C D C B A
11---15 D B B C C 二.完型填空
16---20 A B C A D
21---25 B B C C D
26---30 C A A B B 31---35 C D B D A 三. 阅读理解
36---40 D B D D D
41---45 D B D C A
46---50 B C A D A 51---55 C A C D A 四.短文改错
(1)56 use---using
was set
the government 去掉 the 59 1970’s 60 as well 61 去掉 it
become—became 63 millions of
Sending 65 among
(2)66 very—too
67去掉 it
so---because 69 angrily---angry 70 in---on 71 had---have
even---still 73 be unkind
how---what
stay---stays 五. 单词拼写
organized
smell
joking
familiar
shook 81 repairing
impressed
success
badly
raising 86 protected
safety
especially
natural
challenge
2.九年级英语测试题九 篇二
下面仅以我校2008年哈尔滨市阿城区九年级物理寒假统一考试题为背景,进行成绩的统计、分析与评价,并对自己编制、设计的一套试题进行了分析和评价。
●学科成绩统计与质量分析报告
一、成绩统计一览表(以一个班级为例)
二、各题通过率一览表(以一个班级为例)
试题难易情况:此试卷没有第3小题。容易题:15, 15÷29=0.52;中档题:9, 9÷29=0.31;难题:5, 5÷29=0.17。难度比约为5∶3∶2,试题难易程度适中。
三、知识覆盖率及相关知识内容比
教材中总知识点个数为236个,本套试卷考查知识点个数为79个,知识覆盖率为33.5%,偏低;授课时数比与各部分分值比基本相当,分值分布合理。
四、统考成绩统计一览表
1. 得分率最低的5道题情况剖析。
2. 统考具体统计数字。
3. 统考五个得分率最低题目状况分析。
(1) 第16题,2分×41人=82分,学生实得分数为22分,通过率0.27,在滑动变阻器的特殊连接阻值变化问题上,学生平时训练少。
(2) 第25题,3分×41人=123分,学生实得得分为33分,通过率为0.30,学生对看电路图连实物图的问题思路不清晰。
(3) 第26题,6分×41人=246分,学生实得分数78分,通过率为0.36,学生对电压、电流U-I图像知识理解不到位。
(4) 第28题,8分×41人=382分,学生实得分数8分,通过率为0.03,是历次考试中通过率最低的一道题,主要是学生在实际教学中对从多种器材中选器材设计电路图不熟悉。
(5) 第30题,8分×41人=382分,学生实得分数162分,通过率为0.42,主要是教师不重视联系生活实际问题,再加上学生不会处理表格信息,所以导致得分率过低。
4.三个得分率最高题目状况分析。
(1) 第1题, 3分×41人=123分, 通过率为1, 是基础型试题, 说明学生对分子动理论知识掌握比较牢固。
(2) 第7题, 3分×41人=123分, 通过率为1, 学生对电学基础知识掌握较好。
(3) 第14题, 2分×41人=82分, 通过率为1, 说明学生对声的产生条件掌握较好, 同时对并联电路认识比较清楚。
5.今后的教学措施。
通过对这次试卷的分析可以看出学生卷面成绩较好,但个别题通过率太低。因此在今后的教学中,要发扬成绩,去掉不足,争取把知识点全部讲到位。
教师讲到位是一方面,另一方面也要做好学生工作,同学生建立良好的关系,以利于学生成绩的提高。
(1)通过各种渠道和学生谈心。交心,有的在课间谈,有的写在作业本上谈,还有的在走路时谈等,让他们能从心理上真正的意识到学习物理的重要性,让他们从不愿意学物理到愿意学物理,让他们意识到物理是中考的一部分内容,使他们真正的体会到学习物理的乐趣。
(2)让学生把自己做错的题重新写在作业本上,给予批改。并在课堂仔细讲解,把难度系数较大的题和创新题着重讲解并以新类型题为基础拓展新兴习题。
(3)加强学习与反思。实践在课堂,研讨在组室。不仅要通过对课堂实力的分析,请教学专家。还同其他教师一起分析、反思自己的教学行为,从而提升教学理念。积极参加教研活动,多观摩优秀的课堂教学过程,学习其他教师独到的经验,提高教学水平。
(4)明确目标,及时改进。在平常的课堂教学中,我要努力做到相信每一个学生的内在潜力,给每一个学生创造一份自信与成功;为学生提供自主学习的时间和空间,帮助学生掌握自主学习的工具和方法;培养学生质疑、释疑、倾听的能力;关注每一个学生,让每一个学生参与学习的全过程;富有激情,善于鼓励,善于倾听,善于反思,及时改进,敢于创造。
(5)转变思想观念。学习先进教学经验,着眼于“以学生发展为本”激发学生的学习兴趣。
6.统考试题分析一览表。 (试题双项细目表。)
●关于试题的编制与设计
一、试题设计的指导思想
1.根据《全日制义务教育物理课程标准》和《哈尔滨市初中毕业生物理学科考试要求》同时兼顾个版本教材内容。
2.体现高中阶段招生考试的选拔功能。
3.在考查学生物理学基础知识与基础技能的同时,体现新课改的理念,加大从知识立意向能力立意转化的力度,培养学生中和实践能力和解决实际问题的能力,同时,注意培养学生正确的情感态度与价值观,使考试对初中物理实施新的课程目标,起及良好的导性作用。
二、编制试题的理念
1.按照“课程的标准”,以基础知识为理念。
注重每个学生的发展,让物理知识从课本走向生活,从生活走向社会;注重科学探究,编制试题多样化;注重学科知识的连接,关注科技的发展,联系实际。
2.对“知识与能力”的考查注重理解和应用。
编制的重点是了解学生的学习情况,注意向联系生活实际的方向引导,让所编的物理题目情景有实际意义。通过选择题、填空题、实际探究、开放性试题、计算题等题型,注重对双基础知识进行考查学生的能力。
3.以本学科的发展为目标,加强对“过程与方法”的考查。
以日常生活和生产实际的物理现象,让学生简单描述物理现象的主要特征,考查学生发现问题、提出问题的能力。通过信息题,考查学生信息收集能力及能否制定简单的科学探究计划和实验方案。
4.编制每套试题要注重科学性、引领性、基础性、综合性、探究性、开放性、区分性和适切性。
(1)引领性
物理知识来源与生活,服务于社会,试题必须注意结合社会热点、焦点问题。引导学生理解物理对社会、国家、人类的作用。
(2)科学性
试卷中的任何一道题,其科学性是保证试卷质量的根本,不能无根据地编制试题。
(3)基础性
编制试题要以课本为主线索,利用好基础知识编制试题。
(4)综和性
加强学科之间的综合。与本学科知识的综合为主编制试题。
(5)探究性
探究性试题是物理试卷中的核心问题,一定要找清探究的问题、知识点,让探究的问题具有实际意义。
(6)开放性
这类试题的结论和条件、情景和过程都可以开放。编制时,大多数试题,其解答思路,不要过于模式化、单一化,允许学生有独到的见解和不同的意见。
(7)区分性
在试题具备一定区分度的条件下,难度必须以绝大多数学生达到及格为准。面向全体学生,促进学生的全面发展。
(8)适切性
试题的内容适合学生,适合社会实际紧密相联,不偏怪题、难题,故意设障碍,没有实际意义的题。以自然、社会、科技、生产和生活中的直接问题作为编题的依据。
三、试题的基本形态
1.题型与题量。
全卷分选择题和非选择题两大类共35个小题统一编号,每一题都有相应的解答说明和分值。下面是编制试卷各题型的题量及所占的分数表:
难度预测:容易题54℅;中等题28℅;难题18℅。知识覆盖率:初中物理知识点约70个左右,编题的知识点为63个,占90℅.重要的知识点占100℅,这十个重点知识是:比热容和热量的计算、光的反射定律和平面镜成像特点、凸透镜成像规律、欧姆定律、串并联电路的特点、电功率、力的概念、密度、压强、二力平衡。物理知识涉及的面很广,基本概念、理论更是体现在不同的教学内容中。
2.各块知识所占比例。
各知识块所占的分数比例如下表所示:
3.注重知识与技能。
新课程背景下的物理试题都来源于生活实际,所以,正确运用物理知识观察、分析、解释生活现象是考查的方向。在编题中,要避开纯物理模型试题,充分利用好教材资源,用准确精练的语言描述每幅插图所包含的物理知识,这样既巩固了基础知识和基本技能,又训练了自己的语言表述能力,还为适应新情景试题打下了良好基础。学会设计简单的方案、解决简单的实际问题等。
4.注重方法与过程。
中考物理试题明确强调对物理“过程与方法”的考查,强化学生对物理过程、概念、规律及方法的理解与内化。学生只有深刻领会的物理过程,掌握了解决问题的正确方法,才能切实领会物理概念的内涵,灵活的运用物理知识来解决实际问题。而“课程标准”也明确要求学生“经历基本的科学探究过程,具有初步的科学探究能力,乐于参与和科学技术有关的社会活动”。因此,学生要能够在学习物理过程中,领会物理概念和规律、方法。逐步重视实验操作的考查,强调学生实际动手能力培养。另外,在试卷中也比较注重全面考查学生的实验能力,对加强实验教学具有良好的导向作用。
5.注重情感与价值观。
教育的最终目标是培养掌握科学技术,具有健全人格的一代新人。从某种意义上讲,教师更应重视后者的培养。但是在目前片面追求升学率追求高分的教学中,我们忽略了对学生情感态度价值观的教育。造成了一些学生只知书本知识而不会实际应用,思想道德滑坡,不知如何做人,价值取向偏离正常轨道,承受能力差。物理这门学科所包含的许多科学规律与人生哲学有相关性。许多著名物理学家正是在正确人生价值观的指导下取得了巨大成就,为人类文明发展做出贡献。在物理学习过程中还能使学生懂得相互合作、学习、交流。因此,在“课程标准”理念下培养学生情感态度价值观已成为物理教学的目标之一,成为物理教师不可推卸的责任。
传统的物理习题往往模型化痕迹非常明显,背景单一,并有与生产、生活实践严重脱节之嫌。“课程标准”提出“在课程内容上体现时代性、基础性和选择性”的理念,新教材从整体上也注重体现课程的时代性,力图反映当代科学技术发展的重要成果和新的科学思想,关注物理学的技术应用所带来的社会问题,培养学生的社会参与意识和社会责任感。因此,我们在习题的设计和选编时,就应体现上述原则,改变“难、繁、偏、旧”和过于注重书本知识的现状,加强课程内容与学生生活以及现代社会和科技发展的联系。如,在实际情况下考查学生对物理知识的理解,应用物理知识解决问题能力的习题,像自行车、脚踩式垃圾桶、电子秤、遥控玩具车等成为了物理习题的背景素材,这种习题不仅有助于让学生体会物理与生活的联系,感受到物理就在身边,而且有助于引导教学中注重对观察能力和知识应用能力的培养。又如,以“温室效应”、“热岛效应”、“长江三峡水利工程”、“城市建设”等为背景素材的习题, 所提供的信息会促进教师和学生对生存环境与科技发展关系的思考, 体会到科学技术是一把双刃剑,促进教学中引导学生关注自然、社会、科技发展,形成协调与可持续意识。再如以“磁悬浮列车”、“航天事业”为背景素材的习题,让学生在做题的过程中自豪感油然而生,将情感、态度与价值观的教育做到了“润物细无声”。
四、试卷蓝图
1.强调基本知识和基本技能仍是考查主流。
基础知识和基本技能是物理教学的最基本的目标,中考查基础知识,基本概念的比例大,也是中考的重点,和以往的试题相比,新课程背景下的物理试题不是简单地停留在知识的再现和记忆上,也不是偏重某项技能的重复训练,更不是在“深挖”上做文章,而是突出基础知识和基本技能的实用性。试题在编制立足于具体的情景,考查学生的理解水平和分析能力,体现了物理学科的实际应用价值和学科特点。
例1:下列做“西红柿炒蛋”这道菜时所联想到的物理知识中正确的是()。
A.鸡蛋在地上匀速滚动,是匀速直线运动。
B.红红的西红柿会发出红光,鸡蛋黄会发出黄光。
C.鸡蛋清是液体,鸡蛋黄是固体。
D.把鸡蛋往碗沿一磕,能产生声音。
点评:厨房中的物理现象很多,有力、热、电方面的,学生要重点关注,多参加家务劳动,直接增加眼、耳、鼻、舌、身的感受,这有助于物理学知识的掌握,某些学生学不好物理,就是没有感受体验造成的,本题体现了“从生活走向物理”的教学理念。
2.强化科学探究和实验能力的考查仍是亮点。
实验是包括物理在内的理科类学科的主要特征之一,课程标准对实验技能和科学探究有较高的要求。科学探究是一种重要的学习方法,学生的知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观都能够得到培养和展示。近年来的科学探究试题更加关注科学探究中不同要素的分布,体现了科学探究的本质,强调在新的情境中考查学生的科学探究能力。解答这类问题要求学生具有知识和方法的迁移能力,死记硬背不能解决能力提高的问题。
例2:满载的甲货车陷入倒泥泞的道路中,甲车司机便把车上的货物卸下了一部分后,司机就把车开了出来。而另有一辆空货车乙在很光滑的路面上车轮打滑,车无法行驶,乙车司机便找一些较重的物体装上了汽车后,司机就把车开了出来。两位司机的做法不同,却都达到了自己的目的,请你说明他们都运用了哪些物理知识?你还有哪些的方法来帮助他们解决问题。
点评:通过生活中的现象,在两种情况下不同的原因。通过分析思考分析解决问题。
3.突出应用与考查分析、解决问题的能力仍是命题的基本思路。
中考命题坚持将物理知识融于常见生活、自然现象及生产技术问题之中,如一则热点新闻、一首诗词、一份图表、一张票据、设备铭牌、单个小实验等都可以是试题素材,要求学生把这些背景材料与物理知识联系起来,解释现象、回答问题、求解计算、做出评价等。主要考查学生用基本知识解决实际问题的分析能力和实践能力。
例3:如图所示,轿车从某地往阿城方向匀速行驶,当到达A地时,车内钟表显示为10点15分,到达B地时,钟表显示为10点45分。求: (1) 轿车从A地到B地用多少小时? (2) 轿车从A地到B地的速度? (3) 若轿车仍以该速度继续匀速行驶,从B地到达阿城需要多长时间?
点评:让学生会运用速度公式求解问题,并会从图中获得信息,解决问题。
4.试题双向细目表。
五、提高编制试题的技术和能力
1. 关于编制探究性试题的技术和能力。
科学探究是初中阶段物理学科最重要的学习方法,所以在中考中所占分值较大,也是学生成绩区分度较大的一种题型。科学探究题型一般以课本中重要知识点为背景,比如,电流与电压的关系,伏安法测小灯泡电阻、定值电阻(或伏安法测小灯泡电功率)对比实验,测斜面的机械效率,研究决定摩擦力大小的因素,固体、液体压强的决定因素,阿基米德原理(或决定浮力大小因素)等。
原题的背景:来源于教科版九年级物理上册使51页的“讨论交流”。
背景材料:开关的作用。
例4:下图是小聪设计的一个电路。小明认为,电流从电源的正极流出,经过用电器流到负极,所以图中的开关应该安装在靠近电源正极的地方。否则,电流从电池正极流出来,即使开关断开了,电流也已通过了灯泡,这个灯不就成长命灯了吗?对此你有什么看法?和同学进行讨论,并通过实验来检验。
改编这道题的意图是让学生会探究电路中出现问题时,会解决问题。下面是题目的设计内容。
例5:两位同学在做“组成串联电路”的实验时,电路连好后闭合开关,两灯均不亮,经检查,电路连接无误,一位同学说可能是一个灯泡坏了,请你帮助他们,任意选择器材,连入电路,检测出哪只灯泡坏了,并按下面要求填入表格中。
点评:教材中的问题是让学生知道串联电路中,只要有一个地方发生开路,电路中就没有电流。因此,开关的作用和它的位置无关,总是同时控制着连入电路里的全部用电器。本题考查串联电路特点和实验电路故障分析,对学生动手实验能力也有所要求,此题要求学生会合理选用适当的器材来检查电路故障,并能根据实验现象来分析、推理实验故障形成的原因,对实验技能的要求比较高,也呈现出一定的探究性特征,对于平时在黑板上做实验,缺乏实际动手操作的学生而言,是不容易理解的。
2. 关于编制综合性试题的技术和能力。
计算题是能体现学生成绩区分度最大的一种题型,所以计算题不会进行学科之间的综合,但可以是学科内的大综合或小综合,利用知识的综合和新情景的整合,达到增加区分度的命题目标。知识的综合都是重点知识的综合,可以是力学内的综合,如密度、压强、浮力、功、功率、效率的综合;也可以是电学内的综合,如电路、欧姆定律、电功率、焦耳定律、电和磁的综合;还可以是力、电的综合,热、电的综合或力、热的综合。题型的设置一般是从易到难,从简单到复杂。复习中,可以让学生找几道综合性较强的试题进行训练,学习解决这类问题的思维方法,提升自己的综合能力。如长度的测量和光学的综合。
原题的背景:来源于学生在物理实验室做凸透镜实验时,有的学生填写实验报告时,错误地把物距写成15cm,于是便编下了这道题。
例6:如下图所示,放在光具座上的凸透镜的焦距为10厘米,此时物体AB的物距为,所成像的性质是(实像或虚像),并大约标出所成像的位置。
点评:这道试题的综合性是把光学中的研究凸透镜成像的实验,光具座上的标尺问题与力学中的测量知识联系到了一起。这道试题是本学科内的综合试题,让学生在学习新知识的同时,不要遗忘以前学过的知识,把所学过知识融会贯通,这道题就是应该知道测物距时,要用有效数据记录物距的大小,即物距等于15.0cm。
3. 开放性试题的技术和能力。
合理改造原有的旧题目,便不开放为开放。传统的物理试题非常注重答题的严密与准确,往往容易将学生的思维引入一个封闭的圈套,使学生的能力无法自由发挥,创新精神得不到体现,而且不利于启发学生的思维。因此,对于某些弹性较大的试题,我们可以对其进行合理的改造,适当地解开束缚、放宽条件,采用启发的方式引导学生思考,增加答题的自由度,鼓励创新,欢迎学生有独到的见解。
原题的背景:取材于教科版八年级下册95页的“发展空间”。(课本中的原题)找一辆自行车(如下图),观察它各部分的构造,并进行下列活动:(1)把自行车架起来,使后轮可以自由转动。慢慢转动脚蹬,研究脚蹬的旋转是怎样传到后轮,带动后轮转动的。(2)转动车把,观察车把是怎样控制前轮方向的。(3)依次捏紧左右两个刹车把手,观察它们是怎样使前闸和后闸刹车的。(4)说出自行车的哪些部分是杠杆,哪些部分是轮轴。(传统的编题方式)自行车是中国老百姓最常用的交通工具。从自行车的构造和使用情况来看,它涉及了许多物理知识。请你举出两例并说明它涉及到的物理知识。
例7:紧急刹车时,用力紧捏刹车的制动把手,增大刹车皮对于钢圈的压力,增大摩擦。(1)。(2)。
点评:课本中的题目是一道常见的试题,题目列出自行车的四个应用问题,要求学生应用物理原理解释,可以说从题设到回答都非常明确,学生只需跟着问题一一作答即可。同样一个题材,传统的编题方式是换用另一种设问方式,相对来说则给予了学生更大的思维空间,题目仅列举一个例子启发学生思考,让学生自己找出问题并解决问题,充分体现学生的自主性和能动性。而下面编制的题目则是一道开放程度更加充分的试题。
例8:自行车是一种简便无污染的交通工具,想一想它的构造和你的使用过程,(1)请提出两个与物理有关的问题(力、热、声、光、电均可以,不需解答)。(2)普通自行车与比赛自行车有哪些区别。如:自行车的轮胎为什么会有花纹?问题 (1) :;问题 (2) :。
点评:此题完全突破传统,让学生任意提出与物理相关的问题,无需解答,其目的在于鼓励学生勤加思考、大胆质疑,使他们的思维不只是局限于已有的知识范围,还要面向未知的空间发展。任何新知识的获取都是从问题的提出开始,在科学探究过程中,提出一个问题往往比得到一个结论更加重要,更能培养和启发学生对未知世界的探索。开放就是要开拓思维、开放视野,就是要走出课本、走向生活,落实和体现新课程标准的理念。开放性试题已成为中考物理的改革方向,相信开放性的物理教学模式也将拥有广阔的前景!
4. 实践应用性试题的技术和能力。
注重联系学生生活实际和社会实际,提供真实、鲜活、新颖情境,具有实际意义,能反映物理、技术与社会的相互影响,体现从生活走向物理、从物理走向社会的新课程理念。
例9:小强家新买了一只电热水壶,他想到用身边的一些器材来测定电热水壶的效率(即电能转化为水的内能的效率),(1)请你帮助他设计出测量方案,要求:写出所要测量的物理量,所需器材以及计算热效率的表达式。(2)请你对提高电热水壶的热效率提出两条改进措施。
编题的背景:上题以学生所处的社会生活为背景,选取常见的电热水壶设置题,解答此类题时学生要会通过读取确定该题属于物理知识中的哪一内容,然后搜索对应,从存储在大脑的知识中找到相关内容,从而确定所要测量的物理量。
3.九年级英语测试题九 篇三
1~5 BCBAC
6~10 CABCA
11~15 CBCCA
16~20 ABABC
21~25 BABBC
26~30 FFTFT
31~35 CBCAB
36. listening to songs
37. Why do you listen to English songs before sleep?
38. What kind of music do you like best?
39. What have you learnt from your pen friend?
40. Do you learn English by watching movies?
41. He was only fifteen years old.
42. I knew he was a clever/ smart boy, but he didnt like English at all.
43. 你确定你将送他去伦敦吗?
44. He said in it/ his letter that his spoken English was improving fast.
45. 当我听到这个消息时,我为他感到骄傲!
One possible version:
Dear Mrs. Wong,
I am very excited to write a letter to you. Im lucky to study at your school as an exchange student. My name is Du Li. I am fifteen years old. I like singing and dancing. Teachers will give us lessons all in English, wont they? I am afraid that I wont catch up with the class, because Im not sure my English is good enough for studying at your school. So, I study English crazily these days.
I also know it is a new challenge for me to study in Hong Kong, because its fresh for me to go there. This is the first time for me to leave my parents far beyond my hometown. But Im sure I can make new friends and love local culture and school life as soon as possible. What I expect is to open and widen my horizon to learn more. Its important for me to improve my ability to study and live without parents care, isnt it?
Wow, Im so happy that the day will be coming!
Yours sincerely,
Du Li
【新目标英语九年级 Unit 2单元要点检测题参考答案】
1~5 BBACC
6~10 ABCBC
11~15 CCABA
16~20 BACAB
21~25 ACBAB
26~30 CACCA
31. Where did you go for your vacation
32. Is there anything interesting you have met
33. Did you buy anything special
34. Is the food delicious there
35. How long have you been there
36. It started to rain at 10:20.
37. They were watching the game near the river.
38. Yes, they were.
39. They went on foot.
40. He / She can eat dumplings.
One possible version:
We have discussed the ways to go on vacation. Li Ming says we should follow the agency for travel, because the guide will arrange the route. We wont worry about the room and board. We will follow the agency to come back home, so we wont get lost.
Zhang Fang advises that we should arrange the travel by ourselves. Independent travel is a new way to spend a holiday. We have free time for the vacation and we can help each other here and there because the three families are so familiar with every member.
For me, I dont agree with Li Ming. I think its too expensive to follow the agency to travel. I agree with Zhang Fang. I think its better to go for self-driving travel, because our parents can drive and we just follow the GPS. It saves a lot. We will go camping and have a picnic. How interesting it will be!
Later, Li Ming and Zhang Fang agree with me. We will drive for travel. Its an exciting thing, isnt it?
【新目标英语九年级 Unit 3单元要点检测题参考答案】
1~5 ABCCB
6~10 CABAB
11~15 CBBAC
16~20 BCBCA
21~25 ACABC
26. parents
27. September
28. draw pictures
29. Liverpool
30. returning love to / taking good care of
31. tell me your name
32. have you been a volunteer
33. It sounds great
34. No.18 Bus will not go to the Agriculture Museum
35. your English is excellent
36. 他在QQ上结交朋友,而且有的人现在成了他最好的朋友。
37. Because he wanted to save money.
38. Chen Lins school is near the Huanglong Cave.
39. 作为回报,八月份吴军邀请陈林游访衡阳市。
40. some people are dangerous for us to make friends with
One possible version:
We can understand that parents love their children very much. If parents always pick up their children to go home by car, it will make children more rely on parents. A student likes to go home by car because of his vanity. If he often does this, its not good for him to grow up.
Parents should give children more chances to develop their independent abilities. They can go home on foot, by bike or by bus. Its good for their health, isnt it? Some students are too weak because they are lack of exercise. They will get weaker and weaker, wont they?
4.九年级英语下册综合测试题及答案 篇四
Ⅱ、6、medicines 7、cough 8、lying 9、daughter 10、interested
11、gladdest 12、widely 13、worse 14、business 15、languages
Ⅲ、16——20 D A C D A 21——25 B C C A D
26——30 C C B B B 31——35 D D C B C
Ⅳ、36、was/were beaten 37、had learnt/learned
38、finishes 39、having 40、answering
41、has/have won 42、agree 43、was giving
44、fall 45、are running
Ⅴ、46、No 47、doctors 48、so/as 49、tall 50、as 51、was
52、cheap 53、enough 54、enjoyed 55、himself 56、when 57、he
58、travelled 59、broken 60、me 61、from
VI. 62--71
62. be 63. tries 64. and 65. make 66. √
67. 去掉in 68. Henry’s 69. thinner 70. much 71. Vegetable
Ⅶ、72——76 C D B A D 77——81 A B C D B
82——83 D C
Ⅷ、84——88 D C D D B 89——93 A B A D B
94——98 D C B C B
Ⅸ、
Saturday Mar3, Sunny
5.九年级英语第4单元测试题三套 篇五
I. 情景反应。根据所听内容,选择正确的应答语。(听一遍)
( )1. A. It’s me. B. Sorry, I’m here. C. Who’s that?
( )2. A. I went to Mount Emei. B. Yes, why? C. It’s wonderful.
( )3. A. Nice. B. On foot. C. By train.
( )4. A. By plane. B. By bike. C. By car.
( )5. A. Yes, many thanks. B. I’m fine. C. You’re wrong.
II. 听对话及问题。选择一个正确的答案。(听一遍)
( )1. A. In the office. B. Outside. C. At home.
( )2. A. Jim’s team. B. We don’t know. C. Tim’s team.
( )3. A. She said he was going to travel Sichuan Province.
B. He asked the woman to say it again.
C. He knew the woman was going to Sichuan Province.
( )4. A. 6 minutes. B. 9 minutes. C. 8 minutes.
( )5. A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
III. 短文理解。根据短文内容,选择正确的.答案。(听两遍)
( )1. There are ______passengers in Amtrak.
A. few B. many C. several
( )2. Most of the passengers take trains to _______.
A. go to work B. travel C. visit their friends
( )3. People by trains usually _______ and work in cities.
A. live in cities B. live outside cities C. live far away from cities
( )4. They don’t catch the cars because _______.
A. they can’t buy the cars B. their cars often breaks C. the traffic is bad
( )5. They had a train ride _______.
A. between their homes and factories B. between New York and Washington
C. to railway station from their homes
笔试部分 (80%)
I. 单词拼写。根据首字母或汉语意思,填入一个正确的单词形式。(10%)
1. I don’t like the r______ trip by bus on holiday.
2. There aren’t too many people in the sleeping ______.(车厢)
3. The c_______ in the train is coming over to us at the moment.
4. The train is like a big m______ party when we take it.
5. They will remember their ________ (愉快的)trip.
II. 单项选择。(15%)
( )1. _____, or you’ll miss the early bus.
A. Don’t worry B. Don’t hurry C. Hurry up D. Walk slow
( )2. Tom’s mother goes to work in the hospital every day _____ Monday.
A. on B. in C. besides D. except
( )3. She says she _____ a message on your desk.
A. will take B. will leave C. takes D. gives
( )4. The photos they took yesterday ______ .
A. come out B. comes out C. wake up D. looks after
( )5. What do you think they will _____ about the missing boy?
6.九年级英语模拟试题听力及答案 篇六
第一节 听下面5段小对话和对话后的问题,从每小题A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。1.W: What can I for you, sir? M:I’m looking for a shirt for my father.W:What size do you want? M: A large one, please.Q: Where are they talking? 2.M:What beautiful birds!I think you can buy one.W: But look at the price!I can’t afford it.I’d like some gold fish instead.Q: Why doesn’t the woman want to buy a bird? 3.M:Julie, you just finished your English exam, didn’t you? M: Yes, I did.It started at 9:00 in the morning, and lasted for 2 hours.Q: When did the English exam finish? 4.W: How do you go to school every day?
M: I usually walk, but when it rains, I take a bus.W: Really? I can’t walk.It takes too long.So I ride a bike.Q: How does the girl go to school? 5.M: How was the party last night, Shelly? W: Well, we expected eighty gusts but only half of them came.Question: How many guests came to the party last night? 第二节 听下面三段长对话和一段独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6-8小题。
M: Hi, Joan.How’re you doing? W: Not so good.M: Why? What’s the matter? W: To tell you the truth, Bob, a lot of things.First of all.I went to a small restaurant last night and then later got sick.学业水平测试 听力稿及答案 第1页 M: That’s too bad.M:Did you see the doctor? W: No.It’s not that serious.But that’s not all.I’ve also been having some problems at school.M: Like what? W: Well.I’m in trouble in my math class.I think math is difficult, I want to give it up.M: Oh, you shouldn’t do that? Why don’t you ask your teacher for help.W: She is too busy.There are always some people around her.M: Don’t worry, I’ll try my best to help you.W: That’s very kind of you.听下面一段对话,回答第9-11小题。
M: Hi, Joy.Would you like to help protect the environment?? W: I don’t know, What can I do?? M: Well, first, you can start by turning off the lights.W: Yes.That’s easy.Sometimes I turn on the lights without thinking.What’s next?? M: Second, you can ride a bike.Don’t take a bus or a taxi if you don’t have to.W:That will save money, too.What else? M: Try to recycle paper.W: Mm, newspapers, magazines, mails...We get a lot of paper at home.Good idea.M:And last, take a bag when you go shopping.Don’t use plastic bags.W: OK.My parents do most of the shopping.I’ll tell them.听下面一段对话,回答第12-15小题。W: Hello!M: Hello, Mary.It’s Li Ming.W: Hi, Li Ming!How are you? Are you going to come to England next month? M: Yes, I am.I’m really happy.I’m going to visit Manchester.That’s why I’m phoning.I have some questions.W:What do you need to know? M: First, what will the weather be like? Will it be cold? W: Well.It’ll be autumn, the temperature will be 14 degrees.M: So, what clothes shall I bring? 学业水平测试 听力稿及答案 第2页 W: Well, it rains a lot in Manchester, so bring a raincoat.M: OK, Next question, how do I get to Manchester from the airport? W: You can take the bus.M: OK, And finally, shall I bring you something from my country, Mary? W: Oh, yes, please!Could you please bring me some Beijing duck? I always like Chinese food.M: No problem.See you then!W: Bye!听下面一段独白,回答第16-20小题。
Almost everyone knows Beethoven was a famous musician.He loved music so much and write lots of beautiful music.One day, he felt very hungry, so he went into a restaurant to have supper.After ordering some bread and a glass of milk, he came up with a piece of music.He didn’t take a notebook with him, so he wrote the music on the back of the menu.The waiter waited to ask Beethoven if he was ready for his meal, but he saw him writing the music.So he left without asking.After an hour, Beethoven finished his music.When the waiter was going to ask him if he was ready for his food, Beethoven left the restaurant with the menu.第三节 听短文,完成表格,每空一词,短文读两遍。
Good morning, here is Sunshine High School on the radio.There’s a wonderful party in our school meeting room tonight.It starts at 7:30.It’s for our foreign teacher-Mr.Green.He has been teaching here for 2 years.He teaches so well that everyone likes him.But he’s going back to London next week.So we’ll have to say goodbye to him.To show our thanks, everyone can bring a small present for him.The Beaches Boys will play all their new songs.They’re our favorite band.Everyone will dance to the music.We’ll be enjoying ourselves here.Come and join us!See you at 7:30 tonight.九年级英语模拟试题
英语参考答案
一、听力(共三节,共25分,每小题1分)
1-5 ACBAB
6-10 CBBCC
11-15 AACBC
16-20 CBACB 21.tonight
22.meeting
23.goodbye
24.present
25.dance
二、单项选择(共15分,每小题1分)26-30 ACCAD
31-35 CADBB
三、完形填空(共15分,每小题1分)
41—45 BCDDA
46—50 BADBA
51—55 BCADA 学业水平测试 听力稿及答案 第3页
36-40 DABCB
四、阅读理解(共30分,每小题2分)56-60 ACBCC
61-65 BCCBD 66.They don’t depend on books or teachers.67.②look;③for 68.对他们来说学会用语言思考比知道每个字的意思更重要。69.Because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it 70.How to be successful learners./Some techniques of becoming a successful language learner.五、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
71.early;catches 72.used;to 73.dreams;realized 74.millions;of 75.valuable;goes
六、短文填空(共10分,每小题1分)
76.thirstier 77.covered 78.directly 79.including 80.resources 81.made
82.people’s 83.best
84.But
85.from
七、书面表达(共15分)
Dear teachers and classmates, good morning!
As we all know, nothing is more important than safety.As a middle school student, it is necessary for us to obey some safety rules at school or outside the school.We should walk on the right when going downstairs or coming downstairs.As for traffic safety, we can not break any traffic rules.To keep in good health, we must eat healthy food instead of junk food, especially the dangerous food on the street.Besides, summer vacation is coming;the students who enjoy swimming had better swim in swimming pools instead of in strange rivers alone.In order to have a happier life, please pay more attention to our safety.Thank you.评分说明:
一、评分细则
1.本题共15分,按照五个档次给分。
2、评分时,先根据短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。
二、各档次给分范围和要求:
第一档:(13-15):内容完整,句子正确或基本正确,行文连贯,表达清楚,书写规范。第二档:(10-12):内容完整,行文较连贯,句子表达有少量错误,但不影响主旨大意。第三档:(7-9):
内容基本完整,句子表达错误较多,影响主旨大意。第四档:(3-6):
内容不完整,句子错误多,影响主旨大意。
第五档:(0-2):
空白卷,或只有少数单词或句子,不能表达任何完整意思。
学业水平测试 听力稿及答案 第4页
三、说明:
1、内容要点可用不同方式表达。
2、书写较差甚至影响交际扣2分。
3、文中出现的语法、单词拼写、大小写等错误,每处错误扣1分,同样错误不重复计算。
7.九年级英语教材中的学习策略研究 篇七
英语课程改革对国内英语教育的许多方面都产生了影响,其中教材的改革尤为突出。“英语课本是在一定的语言哲学观和语言教育观教学观的理论指引下,按照某种课程标准或教学大纲的要求而编写的教材。新的课程标准对以往的教学大纲所做的重大改革也突出反映在教材的改革上”(何安平2004:97)。《义务教育课程标准实验教科书英语》(Go For It!),在(美国)汤姆森学习出版集团最新出版的Go for it!教材的基础之上,由人民教育出版社与汤姆森学习出版集团合作改编而成。作为目前国内主流的初中英语教科书必然体现课程标准的改革理念[1]。《英语课程标准》(以下简称课标)把学习策略列为英语课程目标之一[2],并提出了五级(九年级结束时)的目标要求。这一要求也必定会在该教材的编写上有所体现。本文旨在通过教材的指令语来调查该教材是否体现课标对学习策略的各项要求,因为“教材指令语是指组织教材内容和教学活动的指令性和解释性的话语,它在指引教学的同时也揭示教材所倡导的外语学习模式、方法和策略”(何安平2009:9)。
二、理论参照
(一)对学习策略的定义及分类
杨连瑞指出,对学习策略的界定和分类,尚没有完全一致的意见。不同的研究者从不同的角度出发,给出了不同的定义和分类(杨连瑞等2007:153-158)。本文拟参照课标中学习策略的定义、分类和五级学习策略的目标描述对教材指令语进行分析。课标中“学习策略”这一术语指的是学生为了有效地学习和发展而采取的各种行动和步骤。课标指出,英语学习的策略包括认知策略、调控策略、交际策略和资源策略等(以下分别简称为“认知”“调控”“交际”和“资源”)。课标在目标描述中把认知策略细分成11项,调控策略分为8项,交际策略为6项,资源策略为4项。如表1所示。
(二)学习策略训练的方式
Cohen(2000:79)指出,学习策略训练可以显性或隐性地整合在教材中。显性的策略训练是在教材中建立一个特别的项目来直接训练或讨论学习策略。隐性的策略训练指通过练习和任务来训练。本论文拟依照上述的定义,将教材呈现学习策略训练的方式分为隐性和显性两种。比方说教材中的:Learning strategy:Using dictionaries,这就属于显性的学习策略训练,具体实例如下:Dictionaries are useful learning tools,but many English words have different meanings and usages.We need to make sure that the definitions we find in dictionaries match the context。另外,教材中出现在Before you read中的Pairwork往往通过指令语来进行隐形策略训练。例如教材第8页:Can you think of any problems you have had recently?Look up the meaning of each word in the box in a dictionary。在这样具体的练习活动中训练学习策略称为隐性的学习策略训练。其中所隐含的学习策略可以通过指令语中与学习策略相关的单词或短语来判断,如:pairwork,dictionary,think of等。
三、研究的问题与方法
(一)问题
本文通过语料库,对九年级初中英语教材的指令语进行分析,以调查该教材是否体现课标对学习策略的要求。具体探讨以下两个问题:
1. 该教材是否有学习策略训练?如果有,是以显性还是以隐性的方式呈现?
2. 该教材的学习策略是否覆盖课标所列出的所有学习策略分级目标?各学习策略的比例如何?
(二)研究方法
1. 建立英语教材学习策略的评估框架
本文拟依照课标对初中阶段学习策略的定义、分类和各分级目标,参照Cohen所提出的学习策略训练的方式,对教材的学习策略进行调查评估。主要从学习策略分类的目标描述和呈现方式两个方面展开。
2. 建立微型学习策略语料库
将教材中出现的所有指令语(包括每个单元的各级标题,标题下属的各类练习指令语)输入电脑,建成本研究所需的微型学习策略语料库。
3. 检索词的设置
用语料库方法调查获取教材学习策略的关键是设定检索词。
1)设置显性学习策略的检索词
从该教材的目录中可以看到Learning strategies这一教学内容,再仔细阅读教材的一两个单元,了解到显性的策略训练集中出现在每单元的Learning strategy部分,所以把显性的学习策略训练的检索词设定为:Learning strategy。
2)设置隐性学习策略的检索词
教材中是否有隐性的学习策略训练,笔者主要以课标对五级学习策略的目标描述和潘蕾华(2007:22-23)所列举的检索词为依据,再结合对该教材指令语的Word list的观察,设置表2的检索词进行调查。
4. 研究工具:
本研究使用的语料库检索工具是由Laurence Anthony研制的AntConc3.2.Ow软件。采用该软件调查以下指标,即显性学习策略和隐性学习策略的频数,各分级目标描述的频数。
5. 调查的过程
1)调查显性学习策略的过程
利用AntConc软件,把检索词Learning strategy在微型教材语料库进行检索,计算出显性学习策略的频数。通过Concordance观察检索词的语境共现行,判断检索词所属的学习策略类别,如果通过语境共现行无法判断,再借助File View来观察,归纳出各学习策略的类别和相应的目标描述项目。
2)调查隐性学习策略的过程
隐性学习策略的调查过程与显性基本一样,不同之处在于隐性策略的检索词很多(详见表2),每个检索词都要逐一进行检索,如果在语料库中检索不到该词,则说明教材没有该学习策略,如果能检索到,要先在Concordance的语境共现行和File View中进行观察,然后根据课标对学习策略的定义、分类和目标描述进行判断,最后去掉已经在显性学习策略中出现的和没有体现学习策略的例句,计算出该检索词的次数。
四、结果与讨论
(一)教材呈现的显性学习策略
将表3中的所属类别进行统计,获得各学习策略在教材中出现的频数和比例,如表4所示。
表4显示,教材中的显性学习策略训练集中分布在每单元阅读课的Learning strategy中。训练总数为12次,其中认知策略最多,占总数的66.7%;调控策略次之,占总数的16.7%;交际策略和资源策略各占总数的8.3%。
将表3中的所属类别和对应目标描述项目进行统计,获得教材中各策略所对应的目标描述项目总数,结合表1课标各学习策略的目标描述项目总数,获得教材各策略覆盖课标目标描述项目的比例,如表5所示。
表5显示,教材呈现了认知、调控、交际和资源策略,符合课标的要求,但从分级目标描述覆盖度上来看,教材未能覆盖所有的目标要求。课标认知策略的目标描述有11项,调控有8项,交际有6项,资源有4项,共29项,而显性学习策略在教材中的训练只出现12次,其中两次认知策略训练了同一个目标描述项目,所以训练目标项目只有11项。如上表所示,认知覆盖了目标描述中的7个项目,占该策略目标描述总项目的63.6%;调控覆盖了目标描述中的2个项目,占该策略总项目的25%;交际只覆盖1个项目,占该策略总项目的16.7%;资源也只覆盖1个项目,占该策略总项目的25%。由于显性的学习策略集中出现在阅读环节,而阅读有利于认知策略训练的开展,所以认知策略的训练频数与项目明显高于其他策略。在教学的听、说、写环节,应适当增加其他三种学习策略的训练次数与项目,在隐性学习策略的编排中,是否有这方面的补充?所有显性策略只覆盖目标描述11个项目,占课标目标描述总数的37.9%。可见教材显性学习策略远远不能达到课标目标描述的所有项目,是不是在隐性学习策略方面有相应的补充,使其覆盖率达到课标的要求?
(二)教材呈现的隐性学习策略
对表6中各检索词出现的频数进行统计并归类,获得教材隐性学习策略的频数和比例,如表7所示。
表7显示,与显性训练不同的是,教材中的隐性训练相对分散,渗透在教材的听、说、读、写等各个教学环节中;所出现的次数比显性训练明显增加。隐性的认知策略占总数的46.9%;交际占总数的29.3%;调控占总数的14.7%;资源占总数的9.1%。这正好弥补了显性训练中各策略训练次数少的不足。
通过对表6中教材出现的检索词所对应的目标描述项目进行统计,得出各学习策略在教材中所覆盖的目标描述的项目总数,对照五级目标描述表(表1),得出表8。
表8显示:与显性训练相同的是,教材隐性呈现了认知、调控、交际和资源策略,体现课标的要求。与其不同的是,从对分级目标描述覆盖度上来看,隐性学习策略对课标目标描述覆盖率比显性的学习策略覆盖率高出一倍,在很大程度上覆盖了课标的目标要求。如上表所示,认知占该策略目标描述总项目的63.6%;调控占该策略总项目的100%;交际占该策略总项目的50%;资源占该策略总项目的100%。所有策略覆盖了目标描述的22个项目,占课标目标描述总数的75.9%。教材在显性学习策略方面远远不能达到课标目标描述的所有项目,在隐性学习策略方面得到了相应的补充。隐性学习策略方面在调控与资源策略的目标描述覆盖率达到了百分之百,弥补了显性学习策略在这两种策略覆盖率低的不足。
五、结论与启示
本研究的结果显示九年级Go for it!教材以显性和隐性的方式呈现学习策略,两者以互补的形式共同呈现课标对五级学习策略的要求,在很大程度上体现了课标对学习策略的要求。结果显示,该教材的显性与隐性学习策略的比例悬殊。对于教师和学生来说,显性学习策略的指令语清晰易懂,有利于教师在课堂上对学生进行训练;也有利于学生提高学习各种学习策略的意识。隐性学习策略如果教师没有受过专门的学习策略培训的话,在教材中很难把握得当;学生在学习中更难以意识到。所以笔者认为教材在编写时应适当增加显性学习策略的训练,保持显性与隐性之间数量的平衡。由于该教材多数的学习策略以隐性的方式呈现,所以教师要有意识地在教学中进行学习策略的教学,使其显性化,使学生更容易掌握。笔者在表6所列出的检索词,是代表练习或活动中含有隐性学习策略的标志性的词语,可以作为师生对该教材隐性学习策略把握的线索。教师可以让学生注意这些检索词,以帮助其提高学习学习策略的意识,真正掌握并运用所学到的学习策略去解决新的问题。应该指出,本研究所设定的检索词是具有代表性的,但它们并不能代表认知、调控、交际和资源策略所有的检索词,所以可能会有一些学习策略因为没有穷尽所有的检索词而检索不到,这是本研究的局限性。
参考文献
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8.九年级上学期思想品德期末测试题 篇八
一、选择题(下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项最符合题意,请选出。15小题,每小题3分,共45分)
1.2014年11月22日清晨,几位晨练的社区居民愉快地谈论着:
建筑工人张龙:“身体是革命的本钱,只有有了好的身体,才能更好地建造高楼大厦,把我区的建筑业做大、做强。这是我的责任!”
数学教师凌风:“素质教育要实现学生全面发展,要引导他们学会学习,学会自主合作,提高其素质和能力。这是我的职责!”
中学生童歌:“努力学习科学文化知识,加强体育锻炼,将来才能更好地报效祖国!”
以上社区居民的对话告诉我们()
A.有的人承担责任,有的人不承担责任
B.每个人承担的责任都是相等的
C.每个人的角色不同,所承担的责任不同
D.人们的身份都是不同的,但责任相同
2.中学生玲玲在微博中写道:个人与集体是一对孪生子,相辅相成,互成因果。集体是个人的联合体,个人共同携手组成一个群体,这个群体容纳了个人的所有能力。下面同学的观点与玲玲的观点不一致的是()
A.陶陶:我生活在班集体中,我离不开班集体,班集体需要我
B.丽丽:为了班集体的荣誉,每次发现我们班的卫生区有纸片,我都会自觉地捡起,然后丢到其他班级的卫生区中
C.琳琳:班集体是我成长的园地,在班集体中我获得了知识,增长了才干
D.刚刚:运动会上,我虽然扭伤了脚,但为了班集体的荣誉,我仍然坚持跑到了终点
3.右图漫画《拆》从一个侧面告诉我们()
A.平时要注意从点滴小事做起,以实际行动维护集体的荣誉和利益
B.当个人利益与集体利益发生矛盾时,应以个人利益为重
C.关爱个人就是关爱集体
D.集体是个大家庭,损失一点利益没关系
4.2014年8月20日,习近平在纪念邓小平同志诞辰110周年座谈会上的讲话中指出,邓小平同志指导我们党正确认识我国所处的发展阶段和根本任务,制定了现代化建设“三步走”发展战略。材料中提到的“我国所处的发展阶段和根本任务”分别是()
A.社会主义革命阶段,成为中等发达国家
B.旧民主主义革命阶段,全面建成小康社会
C.社会主义初级阶段,集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
D.新民主主义革命阶段,实现全体人民的共同富裕
5.2014年6月3日,习近平在2014年国际工程科技大会上的主旨演讲中指出,新中国成立60多年特别是改革开放30多年来,“两弹一星”、载人航天、探月工程等一批重大工程科技成就,大幅度提升了中国的综合国力和国际地位。三峡工程、西气东输、西电东送、南水北调、青藏铁路、高速铁路等一大批重大工程建设成功,大幅度提升了中国的基础工业、制造业、新兴产业等领域创新能力和水平,加快了中国现代化进程。农业科技、人口健康、资源环境、公共安全、防灾减灾等领域工程科技发展,大幅度提高了13亿多中国人的生活水平和质量,使中国的面貌、中国人民的面貌发生了历史性变化。我国取得这些成就的根本原因是()
A.构建和谐社会目标的确定
B.开辟了中国特色社会主义道路,形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系
C.大力实施以人为本的科学发展观
D.全国各族人民的艰苦奋斗、开拓创新
6.2014年11月27日,山东省某企业举办人才招聘会。会上,该企业董事长说:我省是一个人口大省,人口过多、过快增长给我省经济社会带来了沉重压力,我们企业也遇到了同样的难题,工人素质低,高新技术人才短缺。要彻底解决这一问题,变人口压力为人才优势,从国家的角度上,必须实施()
A.可持续发展战略
B.经济社会发展的“三步走”战略
C.人人均可成才战略
D.科教兴国战略和人才强国战略
7.当今世界,各国之间激烈的经济竞争和科技竞争,归根到底是()
A.创造和创新力的竞争B.领土主权的竞争
C.教育和人才的竞争D.拥有人口数量的竞争
8.十二届全国人大二次会议《政府工作报告》指出,抓紧规划建设丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路,推进孟中印缅、中巴经济走廊建设,推出一批重大支撑项目,加快基础设施互联互通,拓展国际经济基础合作新空间。对此认识正确的是()
①我国的对外开放不断扩大②中国的发展离不开世界,必须走向世界③中国经济发展“一枝独秀”,正在改变着经济全球化的世界发展趋势④当今世界日渐成为一个“地球村”,交流与合作日益频繁
A.①②B.③④C.①②③④D.①②④
9.2014年“十一”长假期间,某报通过两家知名网站对4177人进行的在线调查显示,79.8%的人表示自己“愿意参与对国家机关及其工作人员的监督”。这说明()
A.网络媒体是公民行使民主权利的唯一途径
B.我国公民积极依法参与政治生活,行使监督权
C.我国公民都能实事求是地对国家机关及其工作人员进行监督
D.我国公民都能自觉地履行对国家机关及其工作人员进行监督的义务
10.2014年3月5日至13日,十二届全国人大二次会议在北京召开。会议审议通过了关于政府工作报告、最高人民法院工作报告、最高人民检察院工作报告的决议草案等七个草案。这表明我国的最高国家权力机关是()
A.全国人民代表大会B.国务院
C.最高人民法院D.最高人民检察院
11.公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展,是我国社会主义初级阶段的一项基本经济制度。该经济制度的确立,是由()endprint
①我国社会主义性质决定的②中国共产党的意志决定的③初级阶段国情决定的④全体人民的意志决定的
A.①④B.①③C.①②D.②③
12.在当代中国,发展先进文化的重要内容和中心环节是()
A.加强社会主义思想道德建设
B.加强教育、科学、文化建设
C.坚持四项基本原则
D.坚持马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观
13.右图“富”字的拼写完成说明了()
①我们允许一部分人先富起来②我国的分配制度鼓励收入两极分化③社会主义最大的优越性就是实现共同富裕④实现共同富裕是一个过程
A.①②③B.①③④
C.②③④D.①②④
14.下面对社会主义和谐社会内涵的阐述最恰当的一项是()
A.自由、平等、公正、法治的社会
B.爱国、敬业、诚信、友善的社会
C.富强、民主、文明、和谐的社会
D.民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会
15.一次主题班会上,中学生敏敏说:“社会在发展,学习无止境,那种一次‘充电、终身‘放电的状况已一去不复返。”这告诉我们()
A.要有创新精神B.应发挥个人智慧
C.要树立终身学习的观念D.要具有开放的胸怀
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)
二、价值判断(下列各题的叙述中,都包含一定的价值标准或者是行为选择,请予以判断,在括号内写明“正确”或“错误”,并简要说明理由。3小题,每小题5分,共15分)
16.看着西藏、新疆地区打砸抢烧严重暴力犯罪事件的相关新闻报道,中学生婷婷说:“维护民族团结,我们青少年应结合实际,从自身做起。”(5分)
判断:()理由:
17.有的同学认为,现阶段中央“推动文化产业成为国民经济支柱性产业”,就是要把文化建设作为我国当前的中心工作。(5分)
判断:()理由:
18.2014年11月,一次以“理想”为主题的“口头作文大赛”中,中学生亮亮说:“我的个人理想与现阶段全国各族人民的共同理想之间没有必然的联系。”(5分)
判断:()理由:
三、情景分析(13分)
19.陶笛,一名九年级女学生,学习刻苦努力。进入初中以来,陶笛成绩一直名列前茅,学校和家长对她寄予了很高的期望。可2014年5月临近中考的前一个月,陶笛开始紧张不安、心烦意乱,晚上经常失眠,学习效率明显下降,考试成绩也一次不如一次。老师和家长给予了她关心和安慰,但状况并没有得到改善,反而愈演愈烈……
分析上面情景,回答问题:
(1)在陶笛同学身上表现出的是什么现象?(1分)
(2)看着陶笛的状态一天天下滑,朋友桑刚说:“陶笛得了这种病,没救了!”你认为呢?(7分)
(3)在你的身上发生过这种现象吗?当时你是怎样做的?(5分)
四、材料分析(13分)
20.习近平在中共中央政治局就培育和弘扬社会主义核心价值观、弘扬中华传统美德进行第十三次集体学习时指出,要认真汲取中华优秀传统文化的思想精华和道德精髓,大力弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神,深入挖掘和阐发中华优秀传统文化讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同的时代价值,使中华优秀传统文化成为涵养社会主义核心价值观的重要源泉。
青岛第一希望中学为了进一步落实习总书记“弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神”的讲话精神,准备组织系列活动。诚邀你参与:
活动一:形式选择
(1)筹备组打算向全校师生征集两种活动形式。你能帮助他们选择两种最佳的活动形式吗?(2分)
活动形式一:
活动形式二:
活动二:理由阐释
(2)活动中,部分同学认为,现在是和平年代,在全面建成小康社会的进程中,没有必要“弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神”。对此,你是怎样认识的?(6分)
活动三:建言献策
(3)活动接近尾声时,活动组委会向全校师生发出了征集两条“弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神”的措施(或建议)的通知。你能完成这一任务吗?(2分)
措施一:
措施二:
活动四:身体力行
(4)通过参与本次活动,你认为我们中学生应为弘扬“以爱国主义为核心的民族精神”做点什么?(3分)
五、生活实践(14分)
21.“家事国事天下事,事事关心。”为了引导毕业班学生了解国家召开的重大会议,深刻学习、领会党和政府在现阶段的基本路线和重大方针政策,某校毕业班思想品德学科王老师,以“学习、宣传党和国家的会议精神”为主题,分组开展了一系列活动。请你参与并完成相关任务。
十八届四中全会指出,全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,全面深化改革、完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,提高党的执政能力和执政水平,必须全面推进依法治国。
【写一写】
第一组同学准备围绕党的十八届四中全会的这一会议精神对我国依法治国的地位进行概括。
(1)请帮助第一组同学概括一下。(4分)
十八届四中全会指出,积极破解经济社会发展难题,着力保障和改善民生,基本完成党的群众路线教育实践活动。
【说一说】
“以人为本,关注民生。”第二组同学准备用自己学过的思想品德观点证实这一会议精神。endprint
(2)请围绕这一会议精神反映的主题,帮助第二组同学说出三个观点加以证实。(6分)
十八届四中全会通过了《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》。这份规划执政党依法治国路线图的纲领性文件提出,全面推进依法治国的总目标是建设中国特色社会主义法治体系,建设社会主义法治国家。
【做一做】
为了积极响应十八届四中全会的会议精神,第三组同学结合“实行依法治国方略,建设法治中国,从我做起”这一主题向全班同学发出了呼吁……
(3)请帮助第三组同学设计呼吁的主要内容。(4分)
参考答案及评分标准
一、1.C2.B3.A4.C5.B6.D7.C8.D9.B10.A11.B12.A13.B14.D15.C
二、16.判断:(正确)(1分)理由:维护民族团结,既是国家的事,也是我们应尽的责任和义务。(1分)自觉履行我们的责任和义务,就要尊重各民族的宗教信仰,尊重各民族的风俗习惯,尊重各民族的语言文字。(3分)
17.判断:(错误)(1分)理由:我国当前的中心工作是经济建设。以经济建设为中心,就是在整个社会主义初级阶段,文化建设等各项工作都必须服从和服务于经济建设,就是要把集中力量发展社会生产力摆在首要地位。(2分)以经济建设为中心是兴国之要,是我们党、我们国家兴旺发达和长治久安的根本要求。(2分)
18.判断:(错误)(1分)理由:为了个人的成长和国家的发展,当代青年要把个人理想与共同理想结合起来,将个人理想的实现融入祖国的现代化建设中去。(简要概括“个人理想与共同理想的关系”,言之有理亦可。4分)
三、19.(1)学习压力大,出现考试焦虑。(1分)
(2)桑刚的说法是不正确的。(1分)学习生活中总会有压力和焦虑存在,感受到压力和焦虑是正常的。(1分)由于学习压力和焦虑而出现一些生理、心理反应,是大家经常会遇到的。(1分)学习压力和焦虑给我们带来的影响,既有积极的一面,也有消极的一面。(1分)适度的学习压力和焦虑体现了我们对考试积极认真的态度,可以激发我们的干劲和潜能,使我们表现得更积极;(1分)过度的学习压力和焦虑则会干扰我们的学习,对身心健康造成不利影响,影响学习效率和已有水平的正常发挥。(1分)不过,学习压力和焦虑并不是不可调节的,只要采取切实可行的有效措施,就会完全可以使自己拥有乐观积极的心态,变压力为动力,从容地面对升学考试。(1分)
(3)①有过,如感到紧张、头脑空白、记忆卡壳、难以思考等。(1分)②A.明确学习的意义,培养学习的兴趣;(1分)B.树立正确的考试观;(1分)C.实事求是地调整自我期望;(1分)D.增强自身实力。(1分)
四、20.(1)主题班会、国旗下讲话、辩论会、手抄报等。(其他形式也可;每写出一种活动形式得1分,满分2分)
(2)①民族精神是民族文化的精髓。一个民族要生存和发展,就要有一种昂扬向上的民族精神。(1分)②民族精神是中华民族生命肌体中不可分割的重要组成部分,始终是鼓舞我们民族迎难而上、团结互助、战胜强敌与困难的不竭力量之源。(2分)③民族文化是民族的根,民族精神是民族的魂。(1分)在我国全面建成小康社会和加快社会主义现代化建设的关键时期,继续培育和弘扬民族精神,全国各族人民才能形成强大的凝聚力,团结一致,不畏艰难,以自强不息的精神状态不断夺取新的胜利,把现代化建设的美好蓝图变成活生生的现实,展现中华民族的伟大风采。所以,我不赞同这些同学的观点。(2分)
(3)①立足于发展中国特色社会主义的伟大实践;②继承和发扬中华民族的优良传统;③正确面对外来思想文化的影响;④结合时代和社会发展要求,不断为民族精神增添新的富有生命力的内容。(只要能写出两条即可得2分)
(4)①以积极的态度,自觉接受民族精神教育,感悟伟大的民族精神。②从树立爱国主义思想做起,从确立远大志向做起,从规范行为习惯做起,从提高基本素质做起,以实际行动弘扬和培育民族精神。③争做民族精神的传播者、弘扬者和建设者,共同谱写民族精神的新篇章。(只要能写出一条且言之有理即可得3分)
五、21.(1)依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略,是建设社会主义现代化国家、实现国家长治久安的要求。(4分)
(2)观点举例:①中国共产党始终代表中国最广大人民的根本利益(或“三个代表”重要思想)。②中华人民共和国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。③中国共产党的宗旨是全心全意为人民服务。④共同富裕是社会主义的根本原则(或社会主义最大的优越性就是实现共同富裕)。⑤在我国,一切权力属于人民。⑥国家的根本任务是沿着中国特色社会主义道路,集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。(该问开放性较强,只要写出能体现“以人为本,关注民生”主题的任意三个观点即可;若写出其他观点,只要符合题意、体现主题亦可;每写出一个体现主题的观点得2分,满分6分)
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