商务英语口译教程单元二(精选7篇)
1.商务英语口译教程单元二 篇一
三、口译练习
17.3 厦门旅游业招商项目
主题导入:以下是厦门旅游局领导在中国国际投资贸易洽谈会厦门招商项目推介会上的发言摘要。第一部分总结厦门旅游业的总体情况,第二部分则重点介绍民族路五星级大酒店招商项目的情况。
提示:请先熟悉列住的词汇与短语再听录音,并在录音停顿时开始口译。
词汇与短语
白鹭egret 中国最温馨的城市the most congenial city in China 支柱产业pillar industry/fundamental sector 海峡西岸经济区the economic zone along the western coast of the Taiwan Straits 容积率the plot ratio 建筑密度construction density 绿地率the green rate
首先,感谢各位对厦门旅游业发展的关注和支持,感谢大家来这里听取我对厦门旅游业招商引资项目相关情况的介绍。// 厦门市总面积1,565平方公里,其中有12.56公里的沙滩线适合辟为海水浴场。这里是白鹭成群栖息的地方,故有“鹭岛”之称。有“海上花园”、“中国最温馨的城市”之美誉,以温馨绰约的山色海景和城市环境驰名中外,1998年被评为首批中国优秀旅游城市,是海内外游客首选的中国十大旅游城市。从1991年起厦门旅游业创汇收入连续13年名列全国旅游城市前十位。2003年厦门共接待海内外游客1,334.07万人次,旅游总收入165.32亿元人民币。// 厦门市委、市政府高度重视旅游业的发展,充分认识到旅游业对厦门经济发展的重要性,把旅游业作为国民经济新的增长点和支柱产业来发展,出台了诸多鼓励旅游业发展的优惠政策,提出把厦门建设成为海峡西岸经济区重要的旅游中心城市。// 在这里,我重点介绍几个项目。首先是民族路五星级酒店项目。项目地处厦门老城区的中心区域,地理位置十分优越,靠近厦门繁华的中山路商业圈,同时紧邻环岛路交通枢纽的鹭江道,交通非常便捷;再加上周边的风景十分优美,与厦门旅游的金字招牌——鼓浪屿旅游区隔海相望,是观赏鼓浪屿全岛和鹭江两岸风光的极佳位置。// 项目建设用地面积为9,066.409平方米,规划建设五星级大酒店,主要计划指标为地上总建筑面积不超过50,000平方米,容积率不大于5.51,建筑高度100米以下,建筑密度不大于45%,绿地率不小于30%。总投资4,836万美元,投资方式为独资。// 17.4 SSS Corrosion Protection Company seeks cooperation in China 主题导入:下面的讲话是德国SSS防腐蚀技术公司负责人在中国国际投资贸易洽谈会上的发言,介绍公司情况并希望在中国寻找相关的合作伙伴。
提示:请先熟悉列住的词汇与短语再听录音,并在录音停顿时开始口译。
词汇与短语
SSS Corrosion Protection Company SSS防腐蚀技术公司 Essen埃森(德国的工业城市)Know-how 专有技术
cathodic corrosion protection technology electrolyte 电解液 steel reinforcement in concrete钢筋混凝土 anode 阳极
CPECC 中国石油工程建设(集团)公司
SSS Corrosion Protection Company is based in Essen, Germany.It is an internationally operating company which provides industrial services and systems for the world market.SSS Corrosion Protection Company offers a broad range of technical services implementing tailored and customized solutions.The know-how of SSS and the experience of more than 50 years enable the company to respond flexibly to the markets at home and abroad.// Our company was established in 1945.At that time few people knew the cathodic corrosion protection technology, but we had already begun to explore this technology.We have developed from a small group to a big company.We have taken up most of European market and have become the second biggest company in this field.The company was re-organized in 1999 with the target to be prepared for the innovative challenge of the new century and for better cooperation with our clients.Speed efficiency and a strong commitment to competition make the SSS a leading multi-service company.Now 90% of our business is abroad and only 10% in Germany.// Let me begin with what corrosion is.Corrosion is the reaction of a metallic material with its environment.In all electrolytes, as for example, in the ground, in river or sea water, metal atoms go into solution as electrically charged ions during the corrosion reaction.ThIS process produces a more or less rapid loss of metal surfaces.The flow of electrons results in a current flowing from the metal to the electrolyte.// Corrosion protection comes in two kinds: passive corrosion protection and active corrosion protection refers to using the cathodic corrosion protection technology.The technology used by our company is a type of active corrosion protection.// The application of cathodic protection includes: pipelines, vessel, harbours, jutties, oil and gas platforms, production wells—oil, gas, water, sluices, storage tanks, industrial plants and steel reinforcement in concrete.Based on long experience with regards to requirements and in-house resources of domestic and international clients, we have developed the technical expertise, resources and reliable business relationships to provide a complete range of services to carry out all types of cathodic protection activities, works and projects.// Using our technology can save you a lot of money.Let me give you an example.If you have a 1,000-kilometre pipeline, and you need to have an anode station every one and a half kilometres, but if you use our technology, you will only need an anode station for every 500 kilometres.// We have been operating in China for seven years.We are cooperating with Daqing Oil Field.We also have a project in Langfang with CPECC Company.Recently we have a project in Sudan.Our company’s newest operation is in Libya.We have come to China to seek cooperation with Chinese companies.We hope to contact oil companies, oil and natural gas pipeline companies, harbour and distribution companies.// If you are interested in our technology, we can set up a seminar and technician training session.The training session includes classroom training and field training, either in Germany or in your country.For different structures, we organize different seminars covering specific thchnology.// I have a catalogue but I have give it to you now because I have only one.You can visit our website, where you can find everything there and information is always up-to-date.You can fill in the questionnaire on our website and send it to us.Or you can mail us your address and we will provide you with our brochure which gives detailed information about our services and products.Now if you have any questions… // 17.5 A brief introduction to AgustaWestland 主题导入:下面的讲话简单地介绍了英意合资的阿古斯特韦斯特兰直升机公司的情况,包括公司现在生产和正在研发的产品。
提示:请先熟悉列出的词汇与短语再听录音,并在录音停顿时开始口译。
词汇与短语
AgustaWestland阿古斯特韦斯特兰公司
FinmeccanicaSpA of Italy 意大利的芬梅卡尼卡集团
rotary wing industry
旋翼产业
2.5-ton light single-engine A119 Koala
2.5吨三引擎EH101直升机 A109 Power light twin medium-lift AB412 A10
威力轻型双引擎机中升力
AB412机
BA609 Tiltrotor BA609
偏转旋翼飞机 cost-effectiveness
最佳成本效益 leverage
运用
Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.It is a great pleasure to be invited to take part in this air show.Now I would like to take this opportunity to say a few words about our company, Agusta Westland.As you may know, ours is an Anglo-Italian helicopter company.It is 50% owned by both FinmeccanicaSpA of Italy and HKN plc of UK.The company is a powerful force in the world helicopter industry and shares Agusta and Westland’s products, resources and experience.// AgustaWestland is uniquely placed to play a leading role in the future development of the rotary wing industry.Its strength provide the platform to make it the world’s best in terms of continuous growth, stability and requirements of civil and military customers and which can be adapted to the wide-ranging missions being carried out by helicopters today.// Our products range from the innovative 2.5-ton light single-engine A119 Koala to the 14-ton three-engine EH101 helicopter.Other products include the A109 Power light twin, the medium-lift AB412, the twin engine Lynx naval helicopter and the 9-ton NH90.Models currently being developed include the Super Lynx 300 and , in collaboration with Bell Helicopter Textron, the AB139 new medium twin and the BA609 Tiltrotor.// Each of these aircraft is an outstanding example of AgustaWestland’s dedication to innovative technology, consisdent performance, unmatched versatility and cost-effectiveness.Always looking ahead, AgustaWestland continues to strengthen its leadership position by exploring tiltrotor technology, investing in next-generations products and leveraging its global support network.//
2.商务英语口译教程单元二 篇二
推迟的艺术
"今天能做的事情决不要推到明天。”切斯特菲尔德伯爵在1794年劝告儿子时说道,但是这位文雅的伯爵却从没有抽出时间来完成与孩子母亲的婚礼,也没有戒除让约翰逊博士此类名人在接待室久候的坏习惯,这足以证明,即使是有心人,也绝非毫无拖延,罗马的一位大将军昆塔斯 费边 马克西姆斯为了赢得尽可能多的喘息机会,推迟战斗时间,被冠以“拖延者”。摩西为了使自己向法老传递耶和华法令过程中的犹豫合理化,颓唐语言有缺陷,当然,哈姆雷特把延迟上升为一种艺术形式。
世界上的人基本上可以分成均匀的两半:拖延者和马上行动者。有些人二月份就准备好了个人所得税,预先偿还抵押借款,在常人难以忍受的6点半钟准时吃饭,而另外一些人则乐于在9点或10点钟时吃些剩菜剩饭,错放帐单和文件以期延长缴税的期限。他们非要等到警告声变成恐吓声才肯去支付信用卡的帐单。就象浮士德所遭遇的那样,他们推迟去理发店,看牙医或医生。
尽管延误会带来诸多不便,但延迟经常可以激发和唤醒具有创新意识的灵魂。写下许多成功小说和剧本的作家琼克尔说到,她要把厨房每个汤罐头和酱瓶子上的标签看上一遍后,才能安心坐在打字机旁。许多作家都关注着他们任务之外的大小琐事,譬如关注在缅因州法国人海湾和巴尔海港进行的海岸和土地测量,其中的地名,如古今斯暗礁、不伦特池塘、海鸥小山、伯恩特豪猪、朗豪猪、希波豪猪以及鲍尔德豪猪岛,都激起了他们的想象。
从“拖延者”年代到当今世纪,推迟的艺术实际上被军事(“赶快和等一下”)、外交和法律垄断了。在过去的年代里,英国殖民地总督可以手中拿着杯酒,安逸的思考民族叛乱的形势,他应该庆幸没有电传和打印机在一旁喋喋不休地传递着命令,一会儿是增加机关枪啊一会儿又是增派军队啊。直到二战时,美国将军还可以和敌方将军达成协议,休一天运动假,去掠夺村民的鸡和酒,明日再战。律师是世界上最上瘾的延误者。据一个来自贝弗利山的,号称从不拖延的推销员弗兰克.内森叙说,“没有留下遗嘱就去世的律师数不胜数。”
无志者,事也成。当然,慢性拖延和刻意拖延是有差别的,特别是在高层商业中。美国银行集团总裁理查德·曼德巴赫说,企业动态学鼓励谨慎行事,由此滋生了延迟。他提到,快速行动往往会进入尴尬的局面和付出沉重的代价,数据爆炸刺激了一些懒惰的人以此为借口——另一个报告等着读,另一个权威等着咨询。曼德巴赫说:“数据的充足和泛滥之间总有条微妙的分界线。”
他的观点广为接受。官僚化在政府负担日益加重和社会形势的日益复杂的温室中滋长。它旨在用条文主义、妥协和重新评估来包庇政策制定者——以此防止做出草率决定。水门事件时期的政府所表现出来的中央集权化已经蔓延至经济机构等等广阔的领域,使得拖延成为世界范围的一种生活方式。有关推迟的短语星罗棋布在各种语言中——从西班牙的manana(在将来某个不确定时间)到阿拉伯的bukrafilmishimash(字面意思是“明天的杏树”,其含义是“等到花儿也开了”。)
学术界也很尊崇拖延。南加利福尼亚大学社会学家伯纳德*斯克拉每天辛辛苦苦才写出三至五页的东西来。他坦称:“我很多朋友对着白纸是都感到很痛苦。我们有很多合理的理由;教学压力,家庭责任,查看新书,搜索注脚。”
心理学叫坚决认为女人是最坚持不懈的迟延者,虽然很多心理学家(每小时加收50美金)本人就非常拖拉。拉尔夫*格林森博士是加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的临床精神病疗法的教授(他曾是玛丽莲*梦露的精神病医师),看待延迟时比较温和。他说:“很多人都在回避,逃避,拖延揭露真相的那一刻,直到最迟的极限为此。”但是佐治亚州心理学家乔恩*费根认为,迟延是潜意识用来区分事情重要性级别的一种方式。“当我拖延时,一般总是存在着某种缘由。”费根说,“我能感觉到它,但是我也说不出个之所以然。”
事实上,迟延有着悠久而光荣的历史,它意味着如果推迟些许时间,许多主意和决定就有可能得到改善,推迟做决定本身就是一个决定,这不无道理。议会过程的实质就是一个迟延和慎重的体系。就此而论,名画,乐章,书籍或者布兰西姆府邸的建筑物也是如此。布兰西姆府邸耗用了马尔伯勒公爵的建筑师及工人们15年的时间才建成。在这个过程中,设计可能不断成熟及完善。确实,仓促会葬送了雅致。《时之剑》的作者T*H*怀特曾写道,时间“并不是注定要一小时一小时,或者一天一天的耗费掉,而是应该细腻地、缓慢地、从容地品尝一番。”换句话说,我们应该这样说:今天不必要做的事,无论如何要推到明天来完成。
第三单元
墙壁与障碍
我父亲立即对位于纽约市第43大街和第5大道交汇处的银行大楼作出了明确反应。“你不会看见我把钱存在那的!”他断言,“不会存在那个玻璃箱子里的!”
我的父亲当然是一名守旧的绅士,对他们那代人来说,大量现代的建筑都会让人身心交疲。但是我怀疑—我不只是怀疑,我确信—他之所以会做出消极反应,与其说是因为建筑物,倒不如说是人们侵犯了他对金钱本质的看法。
他们那一代人把金钱看成是像金条、钞票和硬币这样有形的物品,可以拿起,可以携带,也可以被人偷走。因此,为了吸引明智的人经常存钱,银行必须要建有厚重的墙壁、装了栅栏的窗户和青铜制成的大门,以便证明金钱存在银行里面是安全的的这一情况,而不管这个情况是多么不真实。如果一座大楼的设计在表面上看起来固若金汤,那么这一机构必然安全,厚重的墙壁作为一种建筑象征,其意义就在于它表示了人们对金钱的普遍态度,而不在于它在美学理论上展现出来的美感。
但是那样一种看待金钱的态度当然已经改变了,除了零用钱之外,人们现在几乎不用任何形式的现金。金钱作为一种有形物品在很大程度上被信用这种簿记银行业务的东西代替了。巨大的扩展伴随着经济赤字,让我们认为金钱是创造性想象的产物。银行家不再为我们提供一种服务,其中最为重要的东西就是干劲和发明巨大数目的创造力。考虑到他们态度上的这一改变。我们正在见证拥有厚重墙壁的银行小时也就根本不足为奇了。我父亲非常不信任制造商信托银行,因为它是一个巨大的立方体玻璃笼子。虽然其内部灯火通明,甚至可与朗朗晴日相媲美,但是它根本就没有把其通往金库的门道隔离起来,也没有派人把守,相反却把它装饰成了一个展示的橱窗。
就像先前的银行断言自己牢不可破一样,这家银行也以其建筑具有想象力而感到自豪。从这一点来说,人们很难说清楚建筑在什么地方结束,人类的断言在什么地方开始。事实上,两者没有这样的分界线,它们合二为一,是相同的。
新的建筑批判主义把建筑理解成为表达人类态度、偏见、禁忌和想法的一种媒介。这正是它与古典美学的不同之处。后者依赖纯粹的比例和布局等这些因素来作为其艺术判断的基础,在一个社会和心理学的时代,墙壁已不仅仅是墙壁,它们还是人类大脑当中障碍的一种物质象征。
例如,在原始社会,人们把世界想象成为一个巨大无边、令人恐惧、怀有恶意、人类无法控制的东西。因此他们用巨大的石头建起了厚重的墙壁。只有呆在墙壁的后面,他们才会感觉到自己置身于一个可以控制、安全可靠的限定空间之内。这些厚重的墙壁表明,人们害怕外部的世界,不管保护措施是多么的虚无飘渺,人们也需要找到它,有人可能会争辩说,当时的技术尚未发展起来,人们无法建筑更为精巧的墙壁。这当然也很正确。但是,首先仍然是对世界的害怕这一态度而非技术使得人们想要建筑墙壁。恐惧越大,墙壁就越厚。我们甚至发现,古代的国王的陵墓实际上全部都是由墙壁构成的,其最大的恐惧就是害怕腐烂。
接着就有了隐私这个问题,因为它已经变得很易受到质疑。在地中海的某些文化当中,值得人们那么害怕的不是自然世界而是人类世界。人类肮脏龌龊、好打听是非、卑鄙下流、且充满危险、即使人们有钱四处走动也会穿戴着各种乱七八糟的东西用来护体,妇女很少四处走动,如果她们想要走动一下的话,也会戴着厚厚的面纱,人们的房子四周围着墙壁,房子不是向外面是向里面朝着天井这表明人们普遍坚信,只有通过向里看,只有通过从事个人的私人生活而不是参加公众生活才能发现生活当中的优点和价值,当时的哲学强调沉思冥想,装饰艺术也非常的复杂,这跟墙壁本身一样也阐明了上述态度。
我们今天的感觉就不同了,首先,我们更为强烈地依赖对人类敌对行为的控制,更为依赖法律法规和社会习俗及随叫随到的机动警察,而不是有形的障碍,我们不像我们的祖先那样珍视隐私。我们的女人被他们看见,并被赞美,我们会感到骄傲,说到我们的家庭,情况也是一样。我们不会寻求孤独。事实上,如果我们一旦发现自己孤独一人的时候,我们就会轻轻地打开开关,通过电视屏幕把整个世界都请进家门。因此,我们废弃围在四周的厚重墙壁,用薄薄金属片和玻璃建造起膜状隔挡物也就不是那么让人惊奇了。
今天,墙壁的主要功能就是把外面可能令人不快的空气与我们在里面创造的受到控制的温度和湿度条件隔离开来。虽然明显还是有很多人会对高度透明的条件下吃饭、睡觉、穿衣心存不安,要求墙壁至少给予他们一种适当屏蔽的感觉,但是玻璃仍可实现上述的功能。像他们这样害羞的人的数目正在减少,虽然康涅狄格州菲利普·约翰逊房屋受到多人的赞美,在很多地方都被模仿,但是它四周却用的是玻璃墙壁,盥洗室才是唯一能够找到真正隐私的地方,其装饰方面的忌讳至少在康涅狄格州仍未被打破。
在强调一遍,我们关于自己与世界的关系看法真正发生改变,正是这些正在改变的看法而不是先进技术决定了我们会修建什么样的墙壁。玻璃墙表明人们坚信它能够而且的的确确掌握了自然和社会。“开放的计划”和一览无遗的景色与其通过不断丰硕的科学成就来最终解决各种问题的信念是一致的。这可能就是为什么我们当中水平最高,最具远见的人们会在玻璃屋子里面生活、工作的原因了吧。甚至我们害怕人造石块的原因也被分析出来了。
第六单元
乏味的工作
似乎人们普遍认为杰出之人无法忍受循规蹈矩:为了做到最好,他们需要一种多姿多彩、兴奋不已的生活。同时,人们认为无趣之人特别适合做乏味的工作。我们知道,当今年轻一代非常反对工厂工作的枯燥无味,原因是与过去的年轻人相比,他们不仅得到了更好的教育,也变得更加聪明。
事实上并没有证据证明富有成就的人希望繁忙充实的生活,更不用说他们正在过这样的生活,而事实却几乎适得其反。人们可以想象牧羊人阿摩司,石匠苏格拉底,帐篷制作者欧玛尔。或许耶稣在做单调的木工时就有了他的第一次发现;爱因斯坦在瑞士一家专利局当职员时就得出了相对论;在一个小乡镇的枯燥生活中,马基雅弗利所仅有的乐趣只是与客栈里的骡夫玩玩牌,而就在这样的生活中他却写出了《王子》和《论述》两本著作;伊曼纽尔·康德天天过着一成不变的生活------当加里宁格勒的家庭主妇们看到他去大学校园路过时,他们就调整时钟,因为不论晴雨,他每天上午都会取其道而行,他从加里宁格勒到学校的最远距离就是六十英里。
人类创造性的典型特征表现为可以把细微的刺激转化为巨大的成果,人类的伟大在于能够处理细小的苦楚于快乐,能够处理好普通的生理压力和欲望。“当有些烦恼时,”济慈写道:“在五分钟内就转化成索福克勒斯的题材。”对于富有创造性的个体来说,所有经验都有可创性———所有事件都有源于新见解和新洞察力的等同属性——人的超凡特性可以使平凡和普通的事物转化成非凡的事物。
繁忙充实的生活往往在消耗而不是在刺激.1640年,弥尔顿曾是一位前途无量的诗人,他在清教革命变故的环境中度过了20年毫无建树的岁月.革命失败后,他在屈辱中实现了自己的伟大前程.切利尼在振奋人心的生活当中失去了本该成为伟大艺术家的机会.毫无疑问,如果马基雅弗利被允许继续从事弗洛伦萨的外交工作,继续执行令人生趣的使命,那么他就不可能写出那些伟大的著作.通常情况下,往往是平庸的诗人,作家等等才会专注于激发事件以释放他们的创造源泉.可以这样认为,生产线的工作拙其才能,乏其思想,唯一可取的良药是更高的工资,更少的工作时间.然而,在作为一名普通工人的五十年时间里,我发现循规蹈矩的工作可以与活跃的思想并存.在码头做枯燥重复的工作期间,在与工友们谈天的同时,我可以在脑海深处构思篇章语句.我过去从中得到快乐,至今仍回味无穷,过去的生活似乎很愉快。如果工作能让我饶有兴趣,就不可能在上班时间或甚至在下班后的自由时间有机会去做任何思考和创作。
如果发现难以忍受乏味的工作,这样的人经常是那些在闲暇时不知所措的人。儿童和成年人能从循规蹈矩的事情中获得新生,而青少年则因失去了儿时的专注精神,并且缺乏成年人的内在因素,所以需要用刺激和新奇来消除其厌倦心理。7美
美之于古希腊人是一种德性,一种美德。今天看来,他们就是我们如今所谓的“全面的人”,虽然这个称呼有点不理直气壮,并且带有嫉妒之意。倘若让古希腊人区分一个人的“内在”和“外在”,他们仍期望内在美是需要与其他种类之美相匹配的。那些聚集在苏格拉底身边的雅典青年人发现自己的偶像是如此得聪慧、勇敢、正直、充满诱惑力,而同时又那么得丑,这是多么自相矛盾啊。而苏格拉底主要的教学手段之一即为“丑”,告诉这些天真却拥有毋庸置疑般美貌的门生,真正的人生是充满悖论的。
他们或许能够抗拒苏格拉底的学说。而我们做不到。几千年以后,美的魅惑使我们更加疲惫。我们不仅仅用最容易的方式将“内在”(性格,心智)和“外在”(外貌)割离开来,同时我们也对那些既有美貌亦有智慧天赋之人,感到诧异。
美在古典时期是理想的人类美德,而将其从这中心位置赶走的首要原因来自基督教的影响。通过美德(拉丁语为virtus)的概念限定到仅仅指伦理道德的范畴,基督教放逐了“美”—— 它成为一种异化的,武断的,肤浅的诱惑。同时美不断丢失了它原本的名声。到二世纪末的时候,美成为一种既定概念,仅用于修饰两性之的一个性别:这个性别虽然是悦目的,但却处于第二位。将美与女性联系起来,使得美的概念在道德层面上更加脆弱。
在英语里,我们说一位女子是美丽的。但是我们却说一位男子是英俊的。“英俊”是其阳性的等同词,同时拒绝一种带有某些贬义暗示的赞扬,而这种赞扬是仅用于女性的。在法语和意大利语里,人们可以称男子是“美丽的”,这暗示着这些天主教国家依旧保留了前基督教时期欣赏“美”的痕迹,而这些痕迹在新教国家中已经荡然无存。但即使存在,差别也只是程度不同而已。在任何一个基督教或者后基督教国家里,女性就是那个美丽的性别——既损害了美这个概念,也损害了女性这个概念。
被称为“美”意味着要列举出一些对女性来说必要的特征和她们所关心的事物。(和男性不同,他们的核心是强壮、有效率,或者有能力。)那些拥有超前女性意识的人将很容易就能感受到,让女性和“美”联系起来,会助长她们孤芳自赏的态度,也会让她们更加有依赖性且不成熟。所有人(女性和男性)都认识到这点。因为“所有人”,整个社会,都很明确,作为女性就应该关心长相。(作为男性则不同:他们身份的确认是关注于某人是谁,做什么的,而长相即使并非一无是处,至少也是其次的。)有了这些老套的看法,我们就不难明白,即使从最好的方面来看,为什么“美”也有着褒贬不一的名声。
当然,对美的崇拜并没有什么错,错就错在认为美是一种义务,并且试图想要变美。作为她们性别的一种讨好的理想化状态,大多数女性都可以接受的方式是,让她们觉得自己比实际情况来的差劲。因为美的理想境界就是受制于一种自我对立的状态。人们教导女性要从各部分区看待她们的身体,并且要分别评价每一个部分。胸部、腿、臀部、腰、颈、眼睛、鼻子、肤色、头发等等——每一部分都需要一番焦虑、苦恼,甚至绝望的审查。即使有些部分符合要求,但总有地方永远是希望更好一些的。只有完美无瑕了,才能无可挑剔。
在男人之中,好的外表是一个整体,是那种一眼扫过的东西。并不需要通过测量身体每个部分来做出最后的确认。没有人会鼓励男性去一部分一部分地细查自己的外貌。至于完美,那是被认为无关紧要的,并且几乎是不男性化的。的确,对于一些理想中的美男子,一点小瑕疵反而是让人喜欢的。有一位电影评论家(女性),她是Robert Redford的影迷,她觉得正是因为其脸颊一侧有一颗肉色的痣,才使得Redford不被仅仅认为有一张“漂亮的脸蛋”。想想这个评价里既暗示了对女性的贬低,也暗示了对“美”的贬低。
Cocteau曾说:“美的特权是无限的。”毫无疑问,美是一种力量形式,并且理因如此。但遗憾的是,如今人们只鼓励大多数的女性去追求这种力量。这种力量的制造总是和男性联系起来。这力量不是去做什么,而是去吸引什么的。这种力量否定了自身。因为这种力量并不是一个人所能自我选择的,至少不是女性可以自我选择的,或者说如果她们声称要放弃这种力量的话,是要受到社会谴责的。
对女性来说,梳妆打扮不仅仅是一份乐趣,更是一种责任,是她的工作。如果一位女士做着实际的工作,乃至她在政治、法律、医学、商界或别的什么领域爬到了领导层位置,她也总是背负着压力,时刻要确保她在工作的时候还保持着吸引人的魅力。但只要她仍然是“悦目的性别”中的一员,那她就一直要受到质疑——是否有能力保持客观、专业、权威和缜密。如果真成为了那样的人,那这样的女人真糟透了!如果她们不是这样,那也糟透了!
比起那种无止境的喜忧参半的故事,即女性的苦闷而言,我们几乎不太能从将人区分成“内在”和“外在”的做法中找到更多证据来说明其危险性。一开始就将女性定义成只对外表关注的人,然后就说她们是“肤浅”的,这是多么容易的事情啊!这个粗鄙的陷阱已经存在太久了。但是要从这个陷阱里逃脱出来,就要求女性与美的好处与特权保持严格的距离,并且要有足够的距离去了解“美”这个概念本身有多少被删节了,用以支撑起“女性”这个神话。我们应该有一种方式将“美”从女性那里解救出来,也将“美”为了女性本身而解救出来。第八单元
食欲
人生的一大主要快乐就是食欲,保存食欲也是我们主要责任之一。它意味着对生活的热爱。它是感官之一,这感官告诉你,你仍想活下去,仍然受到强烈渴望的激励,希望进入世界,品尝人间百味和酸甜苦辣。
我所说食欲当然不仅仅是指对事物的强烈愿望,而是指各种各样不能满足的愿望,强烈的愿望。这证明,你希望获取更多,生命尚有价值。王尔德说过,他为那些从来没有实现心愿的人们难过,但是更为那些实现了心愿的人们惋惜。我虽然只曾实现过一次心愿,但它几乎置我于死地,从那以后,我总是更衷情于渴望而非获得。
对我来说,食欲就是这种渴望的状态,这使得人们的期望之火永不熄灭。我记得自己很久以前还是孩提的时候就学到这一课。那时几乎没有什么款待和宴会,我发现,最幸福的事情并非在于真的吃太妃糖,而是事先盯着糖看。刚开始吃那几口味道确实很美妙,但是一旦太妃糖吃完了,什么都没有了,即没有了太妃糖,也没有了渴望。此外,吃完太妃糖这一不雅的举动中,太妃糖的所有吸引力在不知不觉中消失了。不,最美好的感觉就是想要得到它,就是坐在那看着它,只有这样,人们就能体会到无穷无尽的各种滋味。
所以,对我来说,食欲所带来的最强烈的乐趣之一仍然在于渴望,而不是满足。在于想要一个桃子,或者一杯威士忌酒,或者特殊的特征或是声音,或者想要跟一位特别的朋友呆在一起。因为我当然知道,在这种情形之下,渴望得到的东西总是最为完美无缺的,这就是我为什么会,我将保存食欲的程度带至有意的禁食,只不过是因为我认为食欲太美好了而不容丢失,太宝贵了而不能因饱食和过饱而被逼进无感觉的境况。
就此而言,我并非真的想要一天三顿的美食——我想要的是一顿巨大、美味、狂欢的丰富盛宴餐,比如说每四天来一次,之后就不能确定下一顿会在哪。禁食一天对我来说不仅仅是一种清教徒式的剥夺人们乐趣的方法,而更是一种期待少有的极度满足时刻的方式。
禁食是对食欲权威表示敬意的行为。所以我认为,我们应该定期计划放弃乐趣——食物、朋友、情人——为了保存它们基于的强烈感觉,以及重新得到乐趣的时刻。因为这一时刻使自己和所钟爱之物焕然一新,精神奋发,我想,不但水手和游客曾经享受过这样的时刻,而且猎人也是如此。对现代生活厌烦的部分原因是我们之间的距离太近,娱乐和饮食太有规律性。饥饿曾经把我们与食物和家人分隔开来,于是我们才学会珍惜它们。男人外出打猎,狗随着他们一起去;女人和孩子向他们挥手告别。洞穴里面连续数天没有男人。没人有吃的东西或者知道该做什么。女人蜷缩在火堆旁边,泪眼朦胧。小孩在嚎啕痛哭,每个人饥肠辘辘。然后在一天晚上,山上传来了呼喊声和狗吠声。男人们满载着猎物回来了。这是个大团圆的时刻,每个人都狼吞虎咽地吃着,食欲显示了其真正的价值,盼望已久的这一顿饭成为了值得记忆的盛宴,它几乎是一种人生的圣典。现在我们前往办公室上班,然后晚上回家吃便宜的鸡肉和冷藏的豌豆,那么香,但是太多了,太容易了,太常见了,不需要费劲就可以得到,也没有了渴望。我们吃着东西,很幸运,长得油光水滑,但我们再也无法知道饥饿时的愉快了。
任何东西太多了——太多音乐。太多娱乐。幸福快餐,或者花太多时间与朋友呆在一起——都会造成某种生活上的无能,人们再也不能听见,品尝不出味道,看不到,爱不了,记不了。生命短暂而弥足珍贵,食欲是人生旅途的护卫者之一,所以如果我们想要享受这一短暂的生命,我们就应该尊重食欲之神,保持渴望的状态,而不要让它过于迟钝。
我曾经体验过枯焦的嘴唇接触一杯冷水时所引发的狂喜已有很长一段时间了,泉水仍然等着人们去享用——而人们所需要的只是一种原始的渴望。
第九单元 对藐视法律者的警告
遵纪守法是美国历史上最为悠久的政治问题,也可能是人们最喜爱探讨的政治问题。数百万美国人从来不认为自己曾经违法,更不用说犯罪了,这一显而易见的事实令人厌烦心痛。虽然人们制定了法规来保护社会并促进其发展,但是上述美国人却享有了越来越多的自由。事实上,当今社会充斥着非法乱丢垃圾、骗税、非法制造噪音和机动车秩序混乱的现象,以致于藐视法律的行为有时候让人看起来代表了未来发展的潮流。哈佛大学的社会学家戴维·里斯曼察觉到,大部分美国人会草率地认为,触犯一些据称微小的错误是理所当然的事情。他早先说,美国社会的伦理道德正面临着逐渐沦落为“傻子才会遵守规则”这种危险的情况。
支持里斯曼这一说法的证据是再明显不过的了,藐视法律者以各种各样的方式存在,其数目令人吃惊。喜欢涂鸦的人把公共场所变成了视觉垃圾,骑自行车的人经常把车骑得好像两轮的交通工具不受所有的交通法规约束一样。喜欢乱丢垃圾的人把自己的社区变成了垃圾堆。一阵一阵的法规虽然到处都是 来势汹汹,但是却无法把高分贝的便携式无线电广播电台从公共场所清除出去,这就像早先的法律无法消灭因啤酒饮用过度而导致骚扰众多公园的流氓行为一样。令人绝望的是,吸食烟草上瘾的人仍对“禁止吸烟”的标记熟视无睹。穿着体面的吸食大麻的人再也不会为了分发烟卷而劳烦自己,巧妙的避开公众的视线,公然使用可卡因这一丑行正在中上阶层人生活当中逐渐恶化。此外还有〔一边说“各位好”一边行走〕乱穿马路的人。
藐视法律这种行为所带来的危险在不同情况下相差很大。在人行道上吐痰的人虽然令人讨厌,但是就对他人构成的危险来说明显要小于在未经批准的地方非法掩埋危险的化学废弃物的公司。在地铁里面袭击乘客的人所构成的生命危险要小于漠视防火安全法规的房东。在危险的藐视法律的行为中,最为直接且最容易计算的也碰巧是人们最容易看得见的。其罪魁祸首就是美国的司机,他们当今的违法行为累计起来构成了对公众安全的巨大损害。其危险从日常的双行停车堵塞城市街道到酒后驾车每年令25000人丧生、至少650000人受伤,不一而足。开阔公路上违反法律超速驾驶的情况又怎样呢?新近的调查显示,在一些州际公路上,83%的司机通常对联邦政府制定的每小时55英里的时速限制视而不见。
在所以上述现象中,最为公然的藐视法律的人当属擅闯红灯者。波士顿藐视停止信号的情况相当严重,当地居民流传的一则趣闻说有位出租车司机坚决认为红灯“只是作装饰用的。”红灯控制交通的力量似乎在各个地方都在削减。在洛杉矶,闯红灯可能已经成为这座城市最为普通的违反交通的现象。在纽约,通过十字路口就像玩俄罗斯轮盘赌一样。罗伯特.麦吉里警长承认:“关于人们是否会在红灯前面停下来,当今的几率是一边对一半。”然而,他所在的警察机构在很大程度上对违法现象不理不睬。
闯红灯一直被人们列为小错,因此它可能属于个别现象。当这一违反法规的行为习惯性地、广泛地、连续不断地出现的时候,那它就远不止一个交通管理问题了。这蔑视基本道路规则的行为严重地伤害社会各界的情感,无辜的司机和行人反复的为此付出代价,他们承受着各种挫折、不便和伤害,更不用说通过合理方式感受到的致命的危险。如果说伪善是送给恶行的礼物,那么鬼鬼祟祟的行为就是违法者尊敬法治力量的真正表示。然而,闯红灯的人根本不尊重社会规则,社会不可避免地会受到反复厚颜无耻地藐视基本秩序的行为的伤害。
藐视法律的态度到处存在。有些学校发展,小孩常常在入学的时候并不懂得一些与他人共处的基本规则。他们发现上述情况真的不足为奇。尽管当今各种藐视法律的现象有着这样那样的不同,但他们作为基本的社会道德败坏现象,其症状却是互相一致的,即个人失去了为照顾他人利益而控制自己行为的能力。
公共的礼仪规范有可能会倒塌崩溃,这已经不仅仅是一个礼节上的问题了,社会首先担忧的事情虽然仍将是重大的犯罪,但是在休斯顿发生的一切显示了野蛮行为的严重迹象。休斯顿高速公路上的司机越来越倾向于用突发的暴力行为替代道路规则来解决问题。以下是休斯顿警察部门最近关于高速公路交通暴力的统计分类事件:1)司机朝插到自己前面的小汽车闪烁着远光灯,而小汽车里面的人却向他的挡风玻璃用力投掷一个啤酒罐,踢掉了他的尾灯,把他打得缝了八针。2)自动卸货司机出于耽搁而气愤,砸坏前面停的车俩的后行李箱和用钢锁簧连连猛打那个司机。3)急速行驶的十八轮卡车的司机故意从后面撞上一辆小汽车,而这辆小汽车的司机正试图保持在每小时55英里这以限制速度之内。幸运的是,休斯顿综合症尚未蔓延的到处都是。问题是它会蔓延得到处都是吗?
美国人习惯于认为法治主要受到已成陈规的暴力犯罪的威胁。然而,美国法律的基础遭到撼动,却实际上总是因为普通的守法公民开始回避法律。一个主要的例子就是禁酒令。唐纳德巴尔奇德塞在戒酒与否这个节目中回忆说:“事实证明,违法并不痛苦,甚至不能算作不舒服,相反它会给人带来轻微的哦爽快感觉。”人们最终废除了禁酒令,不仅因为酒本身这个问题,而是因为藐视法律的行为正在严重削弱政府的权威与合法性。具有讽刺意味的是,当今藐视法律者所具有的精神,无论其源头怎样受到削弱,但是政府却无意间在很多层面上对此给予鼓励。警察无力执行某些法律,这只是问题的表面现象,毕竟他们是从自己服务的官员和选民那里接受命令。更糟的是,大部分的州立法机构帮助公众违反联邦政府制定的每小时55英里限速的法律,其中一些立法机构对违法现象等闲处之,只进行很少数目的罚款。从更高层面来说,华盛顿政府机关简直就是在反对而不是支持某些根据法院指令作出的废止种族歧视的判决,这突显了其废弃公民权利法律的愿望。用荒野杂志的话说,保护环境的团体理由充足地指责政府机关“无力执行环境法,他们正在破坏环境法。”这一变异就是最高层的藐视法律现象。
关于藐视法律的这种态度,最为令人忧虑的东西就是它具有极端的传染性。只有愚蠢到了极点的社会才会对此坐视不理,任它无限期的蔓延下去。
第十一单元
磁盘代替原稿,档案被人遗忘
手稿是作者创作过程的极其重要的记录,它们现正濒于灭绝。文字处理程序得以出现,其成本相对较低,且日渐变的简单容易起来。所有这一切意味着,甚至那些穷困潦倒、未发表过东西﹑以作家自诩(以及那些名列最畅销书排行榜前几位的人士),也回向王氏﹑IBM和苹果等各种品牌的电脑求助,安装Wordstar﹑Scriptsit和Apple Writer程序,开始忙于写作﹑编辑﹑审校其创作成果。结果是什么呢?只是一张软盘而已!
我们应该对手稿的消失感到痛惜。任何人,不管他是学生还时学者,又如何能从软盘了解创作过程呢?这种摇摇晃晃的塑胶又如何能够展现出(如威廉?巴特勒?叶芝写的)绝望当中产出的美丽,夜灯煎熬出智慧吗?手稿是这些创作痛苦的记录,它们经常被汗水玷污,被咖啡泼溅或者被香烟烧焦。手稿告诉我们作家的心灵活动,在创作痛苦的过程中的感受。埃德娜.圣文森特.米莱日以继夜,怀疑能否见到成果。但是,她的初稿成成为了后世各代的珍宝。
试想一下,如果叶芝用文字处理程序来写作那些抒情诗,歌颂他对莫德.冈娜的得不到回报的爱情!软盘是不可能揭示他那深深的伤痛。几乎在一个世纪之后,他在都柏林国家图书馆的手稿仍然洋溢着激情的力量。它告诉年轻人,他们的情感、希望、绝望、爱情和失败实际上已成为永恒。假设雷.布雷德伯里用王氏电脑来写作《华氏451》。如果他的各种草稿像他痛惜的书籍那样付之一炬,小时在储存器里,会是那么适宜,甚至具有讽刺意味呀。
幸运的是,任何从事写作的学生都能够在加利福尼亚洲立大学福勒敦分院特别收集图书馆里查阅上诉草稿。初学者和专业人员都可以研究简短故事,《消防队员》是如何发展成为未出版发行的中短篇小说《着火啦,着火啦!》,随后又发展成为更长篇的小说《炉床与火蛇》,也没出版。最后副本(因为是作者自己打印,偶尔有打印错误)待审。在这些手稿中,布雷德伯里自己用生动鲜明的动词代替了软弱无力的动词,改变一两个句子,加强或是有时取消一个形容词,替换上一个更好的名词。手稿极好地展现了写作中的作家,我们绝不可能从软盘上看到这种发展或是最终的润色。
此外,把大量手稿放在一起,那么你就有了一个档案。备忘录,日记,期刊,便条,第一稿,第二稿和第三稿的草稿——这些档案文件对我们所有人来说都相当重要。城市的档案文件通常收集了潦潦草草写成的纸片、关于边界线的有针对性的涂鸦或者是关于结婚、离婚、契约、出生、死亡各种事件的大量手写记录,所有这些东西都散发着霉味,我国的各类档案文件是无价之宝的遗产。国家档案馆堆满了破旧的文件。保存着供历史学家详细研究的资料。
手稿告诉我们托马斯·杰斐逊在起草《独立宣言》的时候,他是如何思考的。一封写给耶鲁大学校长的著名信件告诉我们本杰明·富兰克林对宗教的真实感情。我们从日记,文件,信件和讲道词当中了解到关于制定《宪法》的人们的大量情况。如果她们在软盘上完成所有工作,我们能够了解这么多情况吗?这是绝对不可能的!
同样,如果名人男女的信件是从点阵打印机里涌出,它们会像亲笔信原件那样具有同样的魅力吗?如果某个白宫底层生产的,机器签署,大量生产的信件会有公民罗德纳·里根于1965年邮寄的亲笔信,信封上写的地址,贴着已取消的五分值邮票,同样的感情影响或是会有同等的价值吗?几乎是不可能的。
詹姆斯·乔伊斯曾经写道,艺术家的错误是创造的泉源。不幸的是,如果干净整洁,完美无瑕和毫无错误的软盘代替了破烂,钢笔乱涂,剪贴,夹带装订,纸张发黄,重写,重打印的手稿的话,那么我们永远不会知道那些错误。图书馆保它们,学生们学习它们。拍卖人以惊人的价格拍卖它们,拥有者珍爱它们,然而文字处理器则完全排除它们,我们的损失真是不可估量。
3.口译教程答案14.5 篇三
尊敬的主席,尊敬的各位与会者,女士们先生们:
我很荣幸为此次中国西部人力资源开发国际研讨会致辞。
几天前,北京奥委会申请2008年奥运会举办权的优异表现给我们留下深刻印象。国际电视台向世界人民展示了一副生动形象的中国画面:现代化办公大楼和商业中心,衣着时尚潮流的人们,经济成功之路。此次会议在这个豪华的酒店举行很好地展现了中国的形象。然而,在中国游览过很多地方的人会知道,这并不是中国的全貌。
你可以说出很多方面来突出沿海地区与内陆地区的差异。比如说,在20世纪90年代间,东部沿海地区的经济增长速度比内陆省份快30%;内陆省份的人均国内生产总值连沿海地区的一半都不到。82%外资企业设在东部沿海地区,在外资企业的外贸交易中,仅有6%是在内陆地区进行的。
这些区域差距强烈地说服我们加速内陆省份的经济发展,政府的西部发展战略将加速西部地区的发展,推进更进一步的改革开放。亚洲开发行欢迎并支持这个战略。
现在,我想花几分钟告诉你们亚洲开发银行的职责,其职责是帮助促进西部区域的发展。亚发行在中国的运营战略是促进可持续的,亲民的经济增长,减少贫困问题,提高生产力,改善人们福利条件。
自1986亚发行运营开始,已借贷给中国大约100亿美元。中国充分利用了这笔钱,按计划实施的项目或提前实施的项目一般都到达目标。
亚发行的运营投资在地域重点上已经发生了巨大转变。在1986年至1995年间,大约三分之二的贷款是支持沿海地区的项目,三分之一的贷款是投放到内陆省份的项目。政府和亚发行制定了一个目标,要促进更加贫困的内地省份的经济发展。
想更好的管理投资,吸引更多的投资者到西部地区投资,就需要更好的人力资源。因此,人力资源开发已经成为实施开发西部政策中的重中之重。内陆地区有丰富的廉价劳动力提供。然而,高水平的人才和管理专家很紧缺。
西部地区面临着很多机遇。亚发行总结出的经验是,内陆省份的人力资源比沿海匮乏,制度机构比沿海薄弱。除非得到解决,不然会阻碍该地区的社会和经济发展。亚发行已承诺将其70%的支援提供给经济发展落后普遍贫困的内陆省份。然而,成功地加快西部地区的发展取决于其吸收能力,这需要通过体制完善和人力资源开发来加强。
亚发行携手国务院西部开发办公室准备为西部人力资源开发提供技术支援项目。研究的范围将聚焦在规划发展和项目财务管理领域的人力资源开发和能力建设。
亚发行将与西部开发办公室、亚洲开发银行机构共同努力发展这个计划。主要投入将包括咨询服务,国际会议,研讨会,培训活动。
主席,女士们先生们,最后我重申一下,我希望亚发行对政府战略的鼎力支持,将加快西部地区的发展。
4.商务英语口译教程单元二 篇四
例如,在重申了其1973年的堕胎裁定的1992年裁定中,最高法院以“一种强烈地分裂的争议”的方式谈及了堕胎案,这种争议“有寻常案件的判决所不具有的维度”。这种“罕见的有先例的力量”在“最高法院对宪法的解释要求国家级争议中争先的一方通过接受一项普通的指令来停止其国家分裂行为,这一指令通常是有碍的而且有先例的会产生寻常非宪法案件中产生的司法裁定。(?)”
第二,尝试都没有考虑“测试性的个案”诉讼,这种诉讼现在在最高法院以及下级的联邦法院例行公事地考虑。许多讼案都是超越了任何一方的私人利益的真正地“公开法律诉讼”。在整体上,焦点反而几乎只在被提起的议题以及他们对公众的影响上。一个例子就是集体诉讼案,在其中,最初的原告以及他/她的问题可能就是全部,但却有可能被遗忘,但是诉讼无论如何会代表着处于相似境遇的待定的一群人继续下去。
最终,一如将要在下一部分被讨论和在案件中被展示的,宪法条款的解释将远异于法庭将涉及的“寻常”颁布的法律的解释。确实,一些人暗示美国的宪法审查根本就不是司法的,它被更准确地描述为被“小心地隐藏”在法庭终止法律的“谎言”背后的。我们早已看到“司法的哲学”是怎样被感受到/在司法决策中发挥着重要的作用的。许多“司法哲学”的元素都触及了基本的政治价值这一点是很清楚的。如果这一点需要证据,那只需要看一看司法选举的过程即可,尤其是在最高法院级别的,它们作为一种党派选举运动是最政治化和最怀恶意的。
5.高级口译教程》核心词汇大会发言 篇五
20国集团 g 20(group of 20)央行行长 Central Bank Governor 生物科技 bio-technology 科技进步日新月异 science and technology have been making continuous progress 金融风暴 financial turbulence 贸易壁垒 trade barriers 保护主义 protectionism 取长补短 make full use of favorable condition and promote complementarity 注入新的活力 inject new vitality to 关税 tariff 减免债务 debt relief 优惠贷款 concessional load 转轨国家 countries in transition 灵活务实 flexible and pragmatic 由温饱到小康 a period of having only basic needs met to a comfortable life 历史性跨越 a historic breakthrough 底子薄 weak economic basis 全面建设小康社会 build a moderately prosperous society in an all-around way 科学发展观 the guideline of scientific development 扩大内须 expand domestic demand 科技含量高 high scientific and technological content 转变经济增长方式 the transformation of the economic growth mode 提高自主创新能力 enhance innovative ability 促进城乡区域协调发展 facilitate a balanced development between rural and urban areas 以人为本 people-centered 顺应时代潮流 as a response to the trend of our times
大会发言 第二篇
in an atmosphere of learning 在学术气氛中 incubator 孵卵器 inception 涌现 undergrad 大学生 reengineer 调整
reduce inventory 缩短开发周期 cumulative 日积月累 compound rate 复利率 operating margin 营业利率 turnover 周转次数
outstanding receivable 未清应收帐 strategic sourcing initiative 开源节流战略 customer-driven 以顾客为驱动力 service-oriented 服务型 put a new premium on 高度重视 managerial competence 管理能力 Fortune 500 companies 财富500强 expertise 专门技术 win-win thinking 双赢思维 group synergy 协作精神
6.商务英语口译教程单元二 篇六
Unit 1
There are many paths to greatness.Some people go down in history for their1)political leadership.Other are remembered for spectacular scientific 2)great symphonies, or writing 3)poetry.But whatever path they take, great people seem to
4)__ a few common characteristics.They are relentlessly 5)_ and persistent;they have both intellectual skills and the ability to work well with other people;and they love their work.In fact,6greatness 7), unanswered.What roles so genetics and environment 8)in the question ? How can we know who among our9)will be remembered as great and which people, though famous today, will be 10)11)_ women are not recognized as often as they should be.Finally, we can’t even be 13)__ if it is really good to be great.Maybe the happiest people are the normal ones.Normal people aren’t endowed 14)it takes to be great, but they also don’t have to worry 15)_
Unit 2
Gratitude is defined as the art of showing 1)__Usually, 2)__but not given, however, as when we 3)_ to recognize a generous act on someone else’s 4)_, this denial can lead to sore feelings, and even resentment.Sometimes, truly deep gratitude calls for personal
sacrifice.One 5)_ is a mother of world war II soldier who traveled from her home
6)__ her son from Nazis.She was driven to 8)_this unselfish generosity which this family had shown her son.But gratitude can
9)___ making sure that, in one way or another, we thank the family members and 11)_In sum, the 12)to gratitude is thoughtfulness, or 13)___ pains to consider the feeling of others as well as out own.Being generous and 14)_ with our affection and sentiments is one thing we all can do to make the world a more pleasant place.For all of these 15)__gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much..Unit 3
Traditional western ways of thinking can often lead to an 1)__ when we are confronting a truly difficult problem.This happened to Dr.Edward Jenner when he was trying to 2)_ up with a by changing the 4)_ within which he looked at it.Rather than focusing on people who had smallpox, he 5)carefully at those who seemed never to get the disease.This change in
6)__ is an example of what is known as “lateral thinking.” The term means choosing not to approach a problem head-on, but instead looking at it 7)__take in and8)__ all kinds of ideas, no matter how unlikely theymightseem, is of the
9)_ significance.Lateral thinking can help all kinds of people, from smokers who want to give
10)__not 12)_thatsolutionswhich comefrom verticalthinkingarealways deeply
13)_.The truth is that different ways of thinking have different14)_stuck struggling with a problem head-on, thinking laterally can help you to shift your point of view and perhaps see a 15)_ you wouldn’t other wise notice.Unit 4
A recent educational experiment showed that the difference between “gifted” children and regular ones may have as much as to do with 1)__as with intelligence.An elementary school teacher was 2)_into thinking that her students were above average in intelligence.She then
3)__to get them to do outstanding work, even though their true IQs were well within the normal range.It seems that her belief in her students’ intelligence was enough to turn them 4)_learners.It’s difficult to 5)____have to do with how a teacher talks tothe class: many positive, supportive expressions and few expressions of probably plays a role too.But one thingis clear: labels and expectations 9)__Outside of the classroom, labeling can, as 10)we put on different social groups are usually not 11)__In fact, they are often sexist or racist.Of
12)____ , there is good and bad in all kinds of people.But we 13)__about certain groups more readily than about others.The school experiment shows that such labels have a
14)____ deal of power.But when labels are unfair and negative they can be very 15)____.Unit 1
1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍它的雇主,并最终递交了辞职书的原因。
His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3.如果你真想学好英语,你就必须投入大量的时间和精力,否则你就不会有任何进步。对于其他课程也可以这么说。
If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you will go nowhere.The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌,但是达斯汀ㆍ霍夫曼(Dustin Hoffman)尽管身材矮小(short stature),还是出类拔萃,而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。
Some actors’ fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that sets him apart.5.他负责管理之后,我们发现他与前任(predecessor)有明显的不同:他有干劲和激情,想出了很多新点子,并把工作重点放在如何鼓舞我们的士气上。
After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor.He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候,他被永远载入史册。尽管障碍重重,他以不懈的努力为我国的现代化作出了永久性的贡献。
Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China’s reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country’s modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7.为什么有人拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面?承认除了智商外,还有很多别的因素与一个认得成就有着很大的关系。
Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one’s IQ, many other factors have much to do with one’s achievements.8.这位教师真了不起,她能在教东西之前调动学生的积极性。这并不是因为她有天赋,而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。
This teacher is really remarkable in motivating her students so she can really teach them something.It’s not that she is talented, it’s that she focuses completely on drawing their full attention in class.Unit 2
1.他瞪眼看着约翰,对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。
He glared at John and was annoyed by his denial of cooperation.2.约翰真诚的讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们感激之情。
John’s sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.3.他可说是一个集邮家。他曾经积蓄了两年去买一张珍邮这件事便是证明。
He is something of a stamp collector.The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is roof of it.4.这些玫瑰的美丽怎么评价也不过分。它们以各种方式吸引住了所有的游客。
The beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took/caught all the visitors’s fancy in one way or another.5.起先,他理所当然地认为该地区应当多造一些公路。然而仔细计算费用后,他在作出最后决定前有不得不重新考虑了。
At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area.Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.6.每次收到我的礼物,不管多少,我的朋友比尔决不忘记表示感激。
Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.7.那位新闻记者决定找到那位老夫妇心中提及的年轻人。那封信赞赏了年轻人为使他们的生活条件更为惬意而付出的努力。
The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple’s letter, which is a tribute to the young man’s effort at improving their living conditions.8.虽然他厌烦了那些每天上门来吹嘘起产品的推销员,但他克制着没有将他们推之门外。
Though he was fed up with the salesman who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.Unit 3
1.汤姆因一问题而心神不宁但又一筹莫展,直到他学会以不同的策略把它解决才不心烦。
Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.横向思维帮助他提出了原来似乎走进死胡同的新理论。
Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to have reach a dead end.3.我们最新的建设计划的框架已获得地方政府的批准。它是否会按时实施对这座沿海城市的发展具有极为重大的意义。
The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government.Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.4.在设法寻找一个解决问题的办法的过程中,爱德华在思想上陷入了僵局,但后来他改变了观察角度,以一种完全意想不到的方式解决了问题。
While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.5.许多人认为计算机机房将最终取代图书馆,想吸收新知识的学生最终将在计算机机房里学习一切。Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.6.昨天他的汽车几乎是迎头撞上了一辆卡车。如果他继续这样随便开车,我确信他最后一定会被送进医院的急诊室。
Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on.If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.7.这幅画的结构设计有一个缺点。你为什么不擦掉那几条垂线,把它简化一点呢?
There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting.Why don’t you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?
8.约翰本该在很久以前就把烟戒掉了。毕竟健康对每个人来说都是最重要的。
John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.Unit 4
1.学校应避免仅按学生考试成绩来判别孰优孰劣并以此对待他们。相反,好的教育体制应使每一位学生都能达到良好的水准,成为全面发展的人。
Schools should avoid deciding who are superior only in terms of the students’ exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.2.大学生课后有问题时,往往在办公时间之外不容易找到老师。这是由于教师繁忙的学术研究,而不是他们对学生漠不关心。
As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers’ busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.3.这个班级由40名学生组成,他们中大部分按英语水平过去常被归在中等之列。但由于这位老师从
不在言辞中表露出不耐烦,学生们对他的教学方法产生了积极的反应,从而没有辜负他的期望。This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level.But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.4.在美国,教书变得越来越难了,部分原因是学生越来越多样的种族背景以及需要另外培训才能掌握的更为复杂的教学技术。
Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the the United States, due in part to the diversity of students racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.5.英国人经常被归类为保守型,显然这一归类带有成见。实际上,英国在民族特性方面与其他欧洲国家相比并没有太大的差异。他们有礼貌,爱整洁,讲秩序,充满自信
The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative.Obviously this label is prejudiced.In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristics.They are polite, neat, orderly and confident.6.有些年轻人在成长过程中有着要求独立的强烈愿望。他们宁可通过自己的努力来渡过生活中的困难,也不愿意带着负罪感求助于他们的父母。
Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.7.你的朋友对你非常真诚,你也应该同样以诚相待,决不应该欺骗他,或者带着讽刺的口吻谈论他的挫折。
Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and mustn’t deceive him or talk about his setbacks with irony.8.邻居们恼火的原因是他们发出的噪音,但是由于他们一再保证夜间停工,从而得以完成这套公寓的装潢。
7.商务英语口译教程单元二 篇七
2).What had some people predicted a few years earlier customers would like to do? 3).How much worth of goods would US consumers buy in 2008 according to a research estimate?
4).Which of the following statements is true about retailing in cyberspace? 5).Which of the following factors explains the risks of selling online?
2.Listen again and then supply the missing information in the following passage.Part 2.Statements.2.Exercises.Listen and then choose the answer which is the closest in meaning to each statement you hear.1.Mr.Blown and Mr.White are old friends.Actually they started to know each other when they were in primary school in Scotland.2.After teaching English and linguistics at Apoly technique for 2 semesters, Ralph remained in Hong Kong for the summer.3.I am told that you have already got a job but a well-known trading company downtown and start to work next month.But I am still waiting to hear.4.Are you saying you like to apply for the part time job? Fine, just fill out this form.Someone will be with you in a moment.5.There seems always to be a difficult time in the kitchen before a meal.Jenney refuses to eat vegetables unless her mother also prepares bacon.6.After a hectic day in the office with her mind turning like a machine Martha watch TV for 2 hours with a cup of coffee in front.7.Affected by two successive hurricanes hitting the east coast the rain flooded most areas of south Florida leaving almost all the highways impossible.8.You don’t like the sound of that car engine.It’s nothing to worry about.I just had it serviced a few days ago.9.You needn’t notify the housing office about the fixing of the faucet in the bathroom.I’ll get Allan to take care of it.He is really handy.10.Imagine what traffic is like every Monday morning during the rush hour.Although we caught the early bus we were late for class.11.We have a heavy load of work today.And let’s leave for the office right now.The earlier we get here the more working time we will have.12.Gary insists on buying the food for the picnic to be held this coming weekend.But shouldn’t we at least offer to share the expense?
13.The issue of women’s rights has been part of the American scene since the end of the 19th century and it’s still is today.14.It’s a real scorching day today, and the forecasters are saying that there is no end in sight.It seems we’d better stay indoors for the next few days.15.Although it has got such a great review, the movie is awful.It’s hardly worth the price of admission.No one would like to see it again.16.Alice has dreamed of visiting London and Paris for so many years.If she were single she would travel in Europe this summer.17.Sandy was really angry during the meeting this morning.I am not going to approach her until she cools off.18.Edward hurried home from Los Angles to see his mother over the weekend.He was driving so fast that he could have had an accident.19.You seem to be quite optimistic about what this country is faced with.As far as you explain the financial situation it doesn’t sound too bad.20.Compared with the other countries we have visited on this trip, Italy is really a charming country to tourists.I wish George had come to Italy with us.Part 3.3.Exercises.1.In a store.Listen to the conversation which takes place in a store and then choose the correct answer to each question you hear.M: May I help you?
W: Yes.I want to buy some shoes to replace the ones I am wearing.M: What’s wrong with them? W: They are too old and shabby.M: I can see they have simply been worn out.Would you like the same color more or less?
W: Yes, and something a little less casual.M: How about this light brown pair.They are similar to what you have, but a little bit dressier.W: Yes, I was thinking of something along that line.I will try them on.M: They certainly look charming.W: The trouble is they feel uncomfortable.M: Then try on this other pair in a similar style but by a different manufacturer.W: These are much better.Do you have them in red? M: Yes.Would you like both pairs? W: Yes, if they won’t cost too much.M: Oh, no, they won’t.The second pair is of half price.Shall I put them both in a box for you?
W: Just the red and the old ones.I will wear the new brown pair home.Questions: 1).What was the woman shopping for?
2).Why did the woman’s shoes look shabby?
3).What was wrong with the first pair of shoes the woman tried on? 4).How many pairs of shoes did the woman buy? 5).Which shoes did the woman wear home? 2.The design of shopping malls.Listen to the following passage about the shopping malls.And then supply the missing information in the spaces provided.The shopping mall has designed for only one thing, encouraging people to buy, buy, buy.How do they do this? Well, it is something of an art, an art that has been brought to perfection in the 50 years since malls first started appearing in America.Every aspect of mall design is carefully calculated to appeal to the customers’ psychological needs.This starts with the over all environment.Tests have shown that people feel most relaxed and comfortable at a temperature of 24 to 26 degrees.So this is the air temperature of most malls.If it is any hotter, people may become too lazy to walk, any cooler, they may rush around and leave before they have spent enough money.The choice of color is also very important.Dark colors like orange or purple can make people feel irritable or unhappy.With such feelings they are not likely to do much shopping.Therefore very dark colors are almost never used in malls.Instead walls are usually painted in light colors which make customers feel relaxed and give the mall a spacious feeling.The arrangement of space in the mall is also done with great care.Research shows that most people are unwilling to walk more than 200 meters to shop.In one of the new giant malls this could be a problem.There are 2 ways to deal with the problem.The walk ways in malls can be made curved or angled to hide their true length, or they can be broken up by fountains, up displace, or any of those other things that you thought were just there to entertain you.The arrangement of the stores in the mall is relatively easy.The big department stores are the major attractions that encourage people to come to the mall.These should be kept well apart.Stores selling the same items should also be kept far apart, so that anyone who is comparing prices has to go passed as many other stores as possible.After all up to 60 percent of all items bought in malls are purchased on impulse.3.SOHO, small offices, home offices.Listen to the following passage about SOHO.And then supply the missing information in the passage.Today researchers and marketers have identified a segment that is now labeled SOHO.It means small offices home offices, whether they are high-tech startups or women selling Marry Cay.But they drive America’s economic growth and have created most of the new jobs in the last 20 years.Three percent of companies accounted for 6 million of the 7.7 million jobs that were added to the economy between 2001 and 2005.Small businesses represent over 90 percent of all businesses in the US, within economic output greater than Germany or France or the UK.Reportedly home based workers earn more money.The 46 million home based workers in the United States including a large number of women working at home in an attempt to better balance work in family earn 28 percent more than the average office worker, and spend less time making their pay.Of course this could be due in part to the fact that more experienced and aggressive workers tend to start their own businesses.Remember going into business on your own or from a home office may mean making due with less.But it can also mean achieving more, more independence, more challenges, more results.In the long run, it may mean more money for you and your family.In a word doing it on your own means freedom to grow, experiment, and learn.If you are successful you won’t have to go ask for raise or accept what you are given, or worry about being turned out to passed year when a younger version of yourself comes along.You will have the freedom to enjoy the profits of your own work and the continuing growth in profit which comes from owning your business.Part 4.Listening and translation.3.Exercises.1.Sentences translation.Listen and translate each sentence you have heard into Chinese.Then write it in the space given below.1)May I introduce myself? I am John Smith from the United States.I am a sales manager of the Johnson company.I am responsible for the European division.2)There was a heavy fog in London the whole morning, and we were delayed there.We stayed in the airport for 3 full hours.3)Soon after he started working as a sales representative he discovered that it was far hard of work than he had expected.4)The Shanghai EXPO will draw 70 million visitors and average of 400,000 a day.It will be the first time for the 157 year old event to be held in a developing country.5)The Louvre Museum opened the department of Islamic art in 2003.But the existing gallery can display only a fifth of the Louvre’s 10,000 pieces of art from the Muslim world.2.Passage translation.Listen and translate each passage you have heard into Chinese.Then write it in the space given below.You may take notes while you are listening.1)The market is a concept.If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market.You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the manager of the local supermarket.But in either case you are producing for the market.Your efforts are being directed by the market.If people stop buying tomatoes you will stop producing them.2)The world EXPO is a large scale, global, noncommercial EXPO.The hosting of the world EXPO must be applied for by a country and approved by the bureau of International Exhibitions.EXPO aims to promote the exchange of ideas and development of the world economy, culture, science, and technology, to allow exhibitors to publicize and display their achievements, and improve international relationships.Accordingly the world EXPO with its 157 year history is regarded as the Olympic Games of the economy, science and technology.Unit One Part 1 shopping over the internet Virtually
adv.在各重要方面;事实上;实际上;几乎 To spring up 迅速地或突然地出现﹑ 发展﹑ 生 长 Time-starved 时间不够 Auction 拍卖
Cyberspace 网络交流的地方 To post Revenue 除税的收入;(尤指)岁入
To undercut 以低於(竞争者)的价码出售货物或提供服务 Profit margin 净利润 revenue 减去 costs 的部分 World Wide Web Amazon.com
Dominant最重要的;最突出的;占支配地位的
Dominate v.支配, 统治, 控制, 影响(人﹑ 事等)Conventional 依照惯例的;约定俗成的;因循守旧的 Convenient方便的;省心的 Comparison shopping
Part Two Polytechnic尤指英国的)理工学院
Bacon腌猪肉, 燻猪肉(猪的背部或肋部的肉 Hectic忙乱的;忙碌的 Hurricane
Impassable adj.指道路﹑ 路线等)不能通行的, 不能超越的
To notify ~ sb(of sth);~ sth to sb 通知某人(某事);将某事报告某人 Faucet ˈfɔːsɪt;ˋfɔsɪt/ n(任何)龙头, 旋塞.Handy adj.指小器具等)便於拿取的, 便於使用的
scorching
adj very hot 极热的/ skɔːtʃ;skɔrtʃ/ admission 入场券 cool off 冷静
Part three Mary Kay Shabby(指东西)因使用过久或照管不善而破旧的 Dressy
指衣物)漂亮的, 穿的讲究的, 特殊场合穿的 Spacious 宽敞的;宽广的 On impulse / ɪmpʌls;ˋɪmpʌls一时冲动
Segment
分出的或标出的一部分;想像中可分出的一部分 To turn out to pasture 变成牧场;牧地;草原
Part four Concept ˈkɔnsept;ˋkɑnsɛpt idea underlying sth;general notion 观念;概念 Convention某一职业﹑ 政党等之人士召开的)大会 Johnson Company 强生公司 European Division 欧洲部 Louvre Museum 卢浮宫/luːvə(r)/ Islamic art 伊斯兰艺术 Muslim world 穆斯林展厅 In either case 无论那种情况 Your effort Non-commercial Expo 非商业性
Bureau of International Expositions(BIE)国际展览局 To allow exhibitor to publicize and display。。参展者宣传和展示 Accordingly 因此
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