人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth

人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth（精选10篇）

1.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇一

Unit 4

I. 词组：

1. get through 通过(考试);穿过;接通(电话)

get through with our work 完成工作

get through the day 度过

2. call up 打电话;唤起;调动(力量)等;提出(议案)

3. play with fire 玩火

4. more than 不仅仅

5. put together 把……结合在一起;装配

6. stand out 突出;显眼

7. win glory 获得荣誉

8. in one’s absence / in the absence of sb. 某人不在时

9. admire sb. for sth. 因……而钦佩某人

10. in comparison with 与……比较

be compared with 与……比较

be compared to与……比较

11. translate…into… 将……译成……

12. light up 点燃;照亮;容光焕发

a lighted cigarette 一支点着的香烟

13. come into being 形成;产生;创立

14. towards the end of the afternoon 将近黄昏

15. the door to knowledge 通向知识的途径

16. fire sb. 解雇某人 fire at sb. 向某人开火

17. from a distance 从远处

at a distance从远处

in the distance 在远处

18. send for help 派人去请求援助

19. go insane / mad / crazy 发疯

20. contribute to 捐献;促进;投稿

21. fall into poverty 陷入贫困

22. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事

II. 单词拼写：

1. It is a very difficult job to t___________ one language into another. And the t___________ of poetry is even more difficult.

2. More and more people are now trying to help those who are s___________ from AIDS. Some are offering medical help. Others are c___________ money to others.

3. Last summer the weather was e____________ hot in this area. For over 40 days the highest temperature was over 35℃.

4. Night Thoughts by Li Bai is one of his most famous poems. It’s about the l_________ of someone who is far away from home.

5. The film r___________ him of what he had seen in Paris.

6. She went to Paris with the _________(意图) of learning French.

7. Would you __________ (介绍) me a good dictionary?

8. Poetry often follows special __________(格式) rhythm and rhyme.

9. The _____________(气氛) over dinner was warm and friendly.

10. With the ______________ (引进) of the new machine, the production of this product has been greatly increased.

Unit 5

词组

1. stand for 代表，象征

2. be separated from 与------分离

3. practice doing 练习---;实践---

4.be made up of/ make up(由--- )组成

5. make the most of 充分利用

6. at one point 曾经，一度

7. consist of 由---组成

8. be surrounded by 被---环绕

9. in general 一般说来

10. throughout the year 全年

11. as much as/ as many as 多达---

12. settle down 安定，定居

13. end up with 以---结束

14. be of great value很有价值

15. get engaged to sb.与某人订婚(动作) be engaged to sb.(状态)

16. raise money酬钱

1. raise sheep养羊

2. bear fruit 结果实

18. be famous for因---出名 be famous as作为---出名be famous to对---出名

3. have advantages over---优于---，胜过---

4. be influenced by被---影响

5. on the basis of 以---为基础

6. upper classes 上层阶级

7. have a clear idea of ---对---有清楚的了解

8. (be)/(go) on a diet 节食

单词拼写：

1. The mainland of UK c______ of three kingdoms, Scotland, Wales and England.

2. We pictured the state of the future on the b______ of these theories.

3. Religion has a great i_______ on people’s behavior.

4. The gate is too n________ for a car; we’ll have to walk through.

5. After 5 hours’ walk, all my s________ gave out.

6. The failure of the operation has shaken my b_________ in doctors.

7. The tree is _______(结果) a lot of oranges this year.

8. The _______(上层的)classes can no longer afford to have many servants.

9. What’s the __________(好处) of using nuclear power?

10. ________(强大的)nations sometimes try to control weaker ones.

11. Don’t judge a person only on the b________ of first impression.

Unit 6

I. 词组：

1. get done = be done

2. happen to sb. 某人发生……

3. catch / get a glimpse of sb.一眼瞥见某人或某物

4. environmentally-friendly washing powder环保洗衣粉

5. at an amazing speed of 430 km / h以每小时430公里的速度

6. keep in touch with与……保持联系

7. ensure safety确保安全

8. be controlled by an advanced computer system由先进的计算机控制

9. discover the advantages of online shopping发现网上购物的好处

10. be no longer just a necessity不再只是一种必需品

11. search some place for sth.在某地寻找某物

12. combine shopping with fun将购物和玩乐结合在一起

13. remain active依然活跃

14. pay more attention to the importance of a healthy diet and active life更加注意健康食谱和活跃生活的重要性

15. advances in medical science医学上的进展/进步

16. cure sb. of sth.治疗某人的疾病，改掉某人的恶习

17. keep sb. Company陪伴某人

18. be very different from与……大不相同

19. be programmed to do sth.经过编程做某事

20. download information from…从……下载信息

21. sound absurd to sb.对某人来说听起来荒谬

22. recognize a person’s voice 听出某人的声音

23. travel back in time作穿越时空旅行

24. major trends in contemporary society当代社会的主要趋势

25. pay for their purchases支付购买的物品

26. schools on the air空中学校

27. lifelong learners终身学习者

28. appreciate what is new and different欣赏新的不同的事物

29. be well-prepared for…为……作好充分准备

30. keep… in store for…为……积蓄……

31. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事

II. 单词拼写：

1. John is a __________ of mine; we were at school together.

2. Take the medicine __________ () three times a day.

3. If you are going out for a walk, I’ll come along and keep you c__________.

4. More and more people are moving to u__________ areas.

5. It is a____________ to believe that number 13 brings bad luck.

6. He made a p_____________ that the government would be defeated at the general election.

7. The smoke from the chimney i__________ someone was in the house.

8. She had her husband carry her p____________().

9. She has been under m__________ treatment.

2.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇二

一、人教版高中英语教材的特点

1.内容广泛,旨在拓展学生的知识面

目前,我国普通高中教育中所使用的教材,是在旧版教材和教学大纲的基础上进行更新的。其中英语课文,包含的社会科学类的内容,譬如像friendship、English around the world、travel journal等课文涉及了情感、地理、旅游等各个方面,学生通过对这些英语课文的学习,不仅能够强化对于英语知识点的掌握,更能了解到各个领域的一些常识和知识。同时,课文数量多和篇幅长,导致学生在学习的过程中压力比较大,需要大量的课时去完成,这跟有限的教学时间和学生的精力造成冲突。

2.教材编排注重引导学生的自主性学习

在人教版的英语教材中,每个单元都分为以下板块,其中包括warming up、pre-reading、reading、comprehending、leaning about language、using language等,老师在教学过程中按照章节的顺序引导学生完成阅读,带领学生分析课文,并且根据所学的知识点,完成课后练习题。这种教材的设计特点为学生进行自主阅读和学习做了引导性的铺垫。

3.教材注重对学生的人文精神进行培养

在人教版的英语教材中,课文内容不仅注重新词汇、句式、语法的使用,更多地融入了一些人文关怀和思想教育的内容,强调英语的学习过程对学生的精神品格培养起着潜移默化的作用,包括文章内容涉及一些名人事迹、古迹名胜等,培养学生热爱祖国的情怀。同时,在文章中夹杂了大量的有关正确情感价值观的内容,可以说,人教版的高中英语教材更加注重对学生人文精神的培养。

二、人教版高中英语教材的优化使用

1.发挥老师的主观能动性,依据实际情况合理使用教材

虽然人教版的教材在内容上扩大范围,能够拓宽学生的知识面和视野,但是由于实际的教学课时和学生的精力都是有限的,因此,教师不可能做到对任何章节和内容都非常细致地讲解,这就要求教师能够在思想上认识到教材编排与实际情况的矛盾,从而去发挥个人的主观能动性,根据学生和教学任务的情况,分清教学内容的主次,将英语知识和要点有主次地传达给学生。譬如,在课文中出现的重复的知识要点,老师应该在进行教学时省去重复的部分,对于提升学生课外能力的练习题不做硬性的要求,要求有精力和学习能力较强的学生去完成就可以。而且在知识要点的提炼上一定要精准,能够在课文中选中较为精炼的句子、词汇对学生进行教学。

2.结合教材加强对学生的听说能力的训练

在高中英语的教育中,普遍出现的状况就是“哑巴英语”,学生的书面答卷的成绩都非常好,但是在英语听力和表达能力上却不尽如人意。譬如“compliment—complement;wait—weight”等,词义不一样,但是听起来却非常近似,正是由于很多老师把大量的课时用于分析词汇、语法、句式上,学生没有时间去练习英语听力,因此很多学生对英语发音掌握得不好。所以教师应该针对教材听力部分,使用多媒体技术,播放相关的影音资料,让学生在英语课堂上养成训练听力的习惯,同时老师也可以根据要求学生所要掌握的词汇发音,找一些比较有趣的影音资料,这样学生学习的兴趣和注意力都会达到最佳状态。

3.采用多样化形式,完成课文阅读教学

在当下的人教版的英语教材中,存在很多篇幅比较长,或者学生对内容比较陌生的课文,学生阅读起来比较枯燥,学习效率不高。而通常老师采用的教学形式跟过去使用旧版教材也是一样的,学生个人进行默读,老师带领阅读,针对各个句式、词汇进行分析。针对新版教材,老师应该根据课文进行不同形式的教学。

例如,老师可以通过图文形式,进行课文结构分析,将课文的骨架提炼出来,学生对于课文要讲述的内容和观点的理解会比较快,也比较准确,这样对于篇幅较长的课文,花费的实践也比较短。对阅读而言,图式一般分为三种类型:语言图式、内容图式和修辞图式。语言图式指读者已有的语言知识,即关于语音、词汇和语法等方面的知识。内容图式指读者对阅读材料所讨论主题的了解程度。修辞图式指读者对阅读材料的体裁、篇章结构的熟悉程度。因此阅读教学时,可结合阅读材料的语篇内容及语篇结构,指导学生建立相应的语篇图式。或者是学生采用情景对话形式进行阅读,将书中的各个角色分布到学生身上,进行情景化的阅读,这样学生对于文章的理解会更深刻。总之,老师应该放开思路,在结合教材的前提下创新教学形式,提升学生学习英语的效率。

4.根据教材内容,进行人文拓展和升华

由于人教版的高中英语教材所涉及的范围比较广泛,所以老师应该抓住教材的优势进行充分的利用,对学生进行更深入的知识拓展和综合素质的培养。老师应该根据课文的内容,在进行授课之前进行深入的研究,把握好教学方向,延展对学生的价值观念的教育。例如,在教unit 4 earthquake时,老师可以结合当前雾霾等常见的污染现象,对学生进行词汇和知识的扩充。在讲述像天文、工业、人物等各个方面的内容的时候,老师都可以进行适当的拓展和升华,但是要注意对教学时间的把握,避免偏离教学主线。

5.结合语言文化背景,加深对英语课文的深层理解

《文化人类学和语言学》中说“The language of a society isanaspect of the social culture.”也就是说,语言和文化的关系是部分与整体的关系,语言是文化的载体,是文化的主要表现形式之一。要真正学会一门语言,必须要了解其所支撑的文化。英语教学是语言教学,当然,离不开文化教育。学习英语知识,掌握英语技能,提高英语运用能力与熟悉英美文化背景知识密不可分。因此,在日常的教学中要渗透英美文化教育。在人教版的教材中有很多章节涉及到其他国家的生活,老师应该经常渗透英语国家的情况,使学生在学习英语的过程中了解外国文化,特别是英语国家文化;帮助他们提高理解和恰当运用英语的能力,不断加深对民族文化的理解。只有了解说英语国家的一些生活习惯、词汇来源、民间传说、节日来源等各个方面,学生才能真正地运用好英语,才能避免在句式、词汇的使用上出现问题。

3.试析人教版初中英语理论研究 篇三

关键词：整体思路 听力练习 听说读写

人教版初中英语教材是人民出版社根据九年义务教育课程整体改革的形势下严格编写的一套教材。其语法、听、读、说、写等方面，都严格贯彻国家《普通初中英语课程的标准》。设计的课程目标是通过对英语的初步学习逐步掌握综合的语言运用能力，提升学生的英文口语表达能力，提高学生的综合学习素养。这套教材体现了中学教育阶段的基础性、时代性和多样性。

一、教材编排的整体思路

人教版初中英语教材的主体理念是将语言的实际应用转化为课堂实践，宗旨是“合理的引用国外的教育理念，适应我国英语教育的实际状况”，调查了我国绝大地区的初中生英语学习情况，力求将最生活化的语言场景引入到英语教学中来。本套教材的编写思路是：将话题作为主线，将实践应用作为模式，兼顾交际能力和语言知识的结构学习，采用循循善诱的生活化学习程序，指导学生有目的是运用英语。

二、教材的特点介绍

（一）尊重学生间的差异

学生是教育的出发点和归宿。本套教材在教学过程和评价体系上都考虑到学生间的差异性，给予尊重。在编排上改变了过去单层次的编写模式，将每个单元分为A和B两个部分。SectionA部分为单元教学的基本词汇和语音结构；sectionB是在SectionA基础知识上的拓展与延伸。根据学生自身的接受能力和基础及学生的个体差异，教师科研灵活性的使用教材，在保证教材完整性和系统性的情况下，合理地补充或取舍教材的内容，多层次的教学。学生也可以根据自己的兴趣，自主地调整学习进度。

（二）教材的学习容量增大

教材的词汇量相对于以前大大增加了。根据克拉申的语言输入理论，提供给学生的语言材料应该是“i+1”。“i”表示input，指学生所能理解的语言材料，“1”是一个不确定数，指课稍微大于学生的接受量。对词汇量的拓展，有助于提高学生英语学习的整体水平。本教材在内容上很好地体现了这一理念。如表所示：

在扩大词汇量的同时，教材中句型、语态、时态的种类也变得繁多复杂。全书光特殊疑问句就出现了13处，6种一般疑问句，在lesson100里还连续出现了还有原因的状语复合句：“some one like…because she like…”还有分词短语做定语的句子：“there are two Chinese boys looking after them.”

（三）听、说、读、写全方位的训练

本教材把语言的应用放到了首位，培养以交际为目的的英语应用能力是教材的另一个特点。每个单元的口语与书面都密不可分，融为一体。听、说、读、写四种技能相辅相成，缺一不可。写可以巩固说读，说又有助于读写听读。本套教材第一册以听说为主，如从第一册7单元起每个单元都编排了听力练习，为教师提供了大量的听写材料。从第二册开始读写比重逐渐加大，到高年级则侧重于阅读，将各个单项训练由易到难地做到了系统的安排。与以往教材不同的是：教材不再要求学生单纯机械的复读语言，孤立机械的将句子记住，背出来再加以翻译；而是给学生设置场景，展开机会结合实际运用语言。例如，在初一年级学习unit6 how much are these pants？用how much引导文句及回答，让学生在课堂上进行互动，学会谈论物品的颜色及价格，提高学生用英语的交际能力。

（四）图文并茂，趣味增强

人民教材的编写，设身处地地从青少年的心理和生理需求角度考虑，加以用心的设计。从形式上，每个章节都配有彩图，以青少年喜欢的形式设计和描绘，让人觉得赏心悦目。内容的呈现生动有趣，有吸引力，具有可读性、启发性和多样性。提高青少年对英语教材的阅读兴趣，增强对英语学习的积极性。

（五）建立合理的评价体系

评价是教育工作的重要组成部分。将它运用在学生学习的过程中，使学生不断体验到自己的进步和成功，有助于树立学生的自信心，提高学习的积极性。本套教材在编写评价的过程中，始终不忘学生的主体地位，引导学生客观的进行自我评价与合作评价。使用形成性评价和总结性评价使评价多样化。例如，在每个单元最后的self check部分，教材编写了学生对本单元词汇认识、语言社交能力的自我评价。评价由老师参与指导，学生自己动手完成。

三、关于教材的不足与建议

教材中对歌曲的选用还缺乏新意，与青少年之间还有些“代沟”，可适当地添加一些弦律优美的流行金曲。如《big big word》，《sunshine in the rain》之类的。如果担心这些歌曲对教学有一定难度，可以安排歌曲欣赏，让同学对美鉴赏的同时，也在不知不觉中提高英语的听力。总之，其不完善之处，还有待于进一步思考。

四、结束语

综上所述，人教版英语教材的编写是顺应基础教育改革的发展趋势，以实际的语言应用编写为目的，是能有效地提高中学的综合英语学习素质的教科书。

参考文献：

[1]甘火花.人教版初中英语新旧教科书编制比较研究[J].西南大学，2006.

[2]于洪艳.人教版初中英语理论研究[J].新课程，2014，（04）.

4.人教版高二英语的知识点 篇四

1. compete 比赛，竞争

2. take part in 参加，参与

3. stand for 代表，象征，表示

4. admit 容许，接纳，承认

5. as well 也，又，还

6. host 做东，招待，主人

7. replace 代替

8. charge 收费，控诉

in charge 主管，看管

9. advertise I做广告，登广告

10. bargain 讨价还价，讲条件，便宜货

11. one after another 一个接一个地

12. deserve 应受(报答或惩罚)

13. deserve的用法

deserve to do sth 应该做/值得做

deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得… (doing 表被动意义)

Your suggestion deserves to be considered = deserves considering.

( 用法相似的动词：need/want/require doing= need/want/require to be done 需要….)

14. take part in : 参加有组织的、重大的活动

join in 参加正在进行的活动

join: 参加团体，党派和组织，成为其中的一员(join the army; join the party)

attend: 出席，参加，后跟 meeting，wedding，class, course等

【重点句型】

1. nor/neither + 助动词/be/情态动词 + 主语：表示“…也不这样”

I have never been abroad, and neither/nor has he.

If you don’t go to the party, nor will I.

2. So+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语 ：表示“...也是的一样的”, 强调后者同前者肯定情况一样。

3. So+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词：表示 “的确如此”,对前面情况的肯定。

4. not only…but (also)… 不但...而且...

Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics.

(1) 引导并列结构：引导主语时，谓语动词 就近原则。

(2) 引导并列句时，not only句倒装，即前倒后不倒。

5.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇五

unit 3

manage vt&vi 设法 ,对付;管理

dining room 餐厅

type vt 打字 n 类型

composition n 作文;作曲

body language 身势语

handshake n 握手

wave vt&vi 挥手;挥动

nod vt&vi 点头

agreement n 同意;一致

disagreement n 意见不同;不同意

gesture n 姿势;手势

asian adj 亚洲(人)的

kiss n, vi&vt 吻

arab n 阿拉伯人

adj 阿拉伯的

custom n习惯;风俗;习俗

δpuerto rico n 波多黎各(拉丁美洲)

proud adj 骄傲的; 自豪的

manner n 方式;态度;举止

manners n (pl.)礼貌

one another 互相;彼此

distance n 距离

communicate vi 交往;交际

vt 传送(感情.消息)

comfortable adj 舒服的;轻松自在的

host n 主人

guest n 客人;宾客

fist n 拳头

6.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇六

journalist n.记者；新闻工作者 △involve vt.牵涉；涉及；包括；

使参与（卷入）…… editor n.编辑

photograph n.照片

vt.给……照相

photographer n.摄影师 △photography n.摄影 △unforgettable abj.难忘的；

永远记得的 △assignment n.任务；分配 delighted adj 快乐的；欣喜的

admirable adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的 unusual adj.不同寻常的；独特的 assist vt.帮助；协助；援助 assistant n.助手；助理；售货员 submit vt.递交；呈递（文件等）profession n.职业；专业

professional adj.专业的；职业的 n.专业人员 colleague n.同事

eager adj.渴望的；热切的 concentrate vt.集中；聚集 concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于 amateur n.业余爱好者 update vt.更新；使现代化 acquire vt.获得；取得；学到 assess vt.评估；评定 inform vt.告知；通知 deadline n.最后期限

△interviewee n.参加面试者；接受采访者 meanwhile adv.其间；同时 depend on 依靠；依赖

case n.情况；病例；案例 accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告

accuse…of 因……指责或控告……

△accusation n.指责；谴责；控告 deliberately adv.故意地

so as to(do sth)为了（做）…… △deny vt.否认；拒绝

sceptical adj.怀疑的（<美>skeptical）guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的 dilemma n.（进退两难的）困境；窘境 demand n.需求；要求

vt.强烈要求

△demanding adj.要求很高的；

费力的

publish vt.出版；发行；发表；公布 △scoop n.抢先获得的新闻、利润等；

勺子；铲子 section n.部分；节

△concise adj.简明的；简练的 △imaginative adj.富于想象力的 technical adj.技术（上）的；技巧方面的 technically adv.技术上；工艺上 thorough adj.彻底的；详尽的 gifted adj.有天赋的

△idiomatic adj.惯用的；

合乎语言习惯的 housewife n.家庭主妇 crime n.罪行；犯罪 edition n.版（本）；版次 ahead of 在……前面

department n.部门；部；处；系 accurate adj.精确的；正确的

senior adj.年长的；高年级的；高级的 polish vt.擦亮；磨光；润色 chief adj.主要的；首席的n.首领；长官

approve vt.赞成；认可；批准 process vt.加工；处理

n.过程；程序；步骤 △negative n.底片；否定

7.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇七

一、初高中英语阅读衔接教学的重要性

阅读在高中英语教学甚至高考中占有着重要的地位。以《高中新课程标准》为根据,在听说读写四种语言技能之中,阅读是一种主动的输入过程,是一种主动地积极的心理过程。与被动的接受过程不同,阅读要求学生主动地获取有效信息和构建知识体系,从而实现有效的输入。纵观今年的中高考试题,涉及阅读理解的试题几乎占据了总分值的1/3,这充分表明了学生阅读理解能力的培养在初中及高中英语教学中的重要作用。

二、学生在初高中英语阅读学习方面的特点

在我国,初中生的年龄一般介于11,12岁-14,15岁之间,而高中生的年龄一般居于14,15-17,18岁之间。二者在认知,记忆,思维以及想象各方面都具有较大的差异。故学生在学习英语阅读的过程中会表现出不同的特点和水平。

三、英语阅读在初高中的不同特点以及对学生的不同要求

1.教材中阅读部分的不同特点。以人教版初高中英语教材为例,每个单元阅读所涉及到的话题都有所不同。用对比研究法研究人教版(新目标)九年级英语阅读的题材和人教版高一阅读的题材后,得出了以下的结果(如表1):

由此可见,人教版九年级的阅读的话题主要涉及学生自身的活动和发展,而人教版必修一(即高一上册)的单元话题则非常广泛,涉及语言、人文、地理、风土人情等。

2.课程标准的要求分析。根据2003年《普通高中英语课程标准》,高中阶段听、说、读、写的训练应该立足于方面学生对以下几个方面的发展需求:在人际交往中得体的使用英语的能力;用英语获取和处理信息的能力;用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力以及批判性思维能力。而初中课程标准对学生的语言技能的训练则比较简单,主要要求学生通过大量的专项和综合性语言实践活动,为真实语言交际打基础。可见,高中英语阅读教学在教授语言知识的同时需要促进学生各方面能力的培养。

四、教师有效衔接初高中英语阅读教学的策略

1.进行具有系统性和规划性的阅读教学。针对高中学生知觉和观察能力更具目的性和系统性的特点,教师在实施高中阅读教学的过程中应当避免教学内容一盘散沙的现象。当教学的内容和过程形成一定系统后,学生可以更好地构建知识框架,形成知识体系。可行的办法之一是在学期教学前帮助学生清楚阅读的题材、体裁、知识背景,使学生对本学期阅读学习有个总体的印象。在每节阅读课开始之前或阅读中,更要帮助学生理清文章脉络和构建知识框架。只有遵循了系统性和规划性的阅读课才是有效的课堂。

2.培养学生在阅读中解决生词的能力。词汇是阅读的基础,教师要培养学生掌握词汇理解的技巧。让学生通过构词法和分析语境进行猜测。在阅读中,教师要鼓励学生善于通过这两种方法解决阅读中的生词,同时敢于越过生词去把握文章信息。在面对较长的句子和难以理解的句子时,要学会将句子切小,逐渐理解全句。

3 . 帮助学生养成良好的阅读习惯。养成良好的阅读习惯,是学生进一步学习的动力。为了帮助学生养成良好的阅读习惯,教师可以选取经典的原文作品作为课堂的导入或是课堂的拓展。比如经典的文学作品,各类杂志报刊等。由于原文作品更为贴近目的语的使用情境,语言的使用方式更为地道,学生在学习过程中容易激发起阅读的兴趣,从而形成经常阅读、热爱阅读的良好学习习惯。除了校内的教学活动之外,教师要鼓励学生在假期大量阅读,并养成做读书笔记的习惯。采用班集体活动的形式,全班一起交流讨论读书心得,在教室的文化角展示学生优秀的读书笔记或读书心得,在全班形成阅读的“风气”。

五、结语

英语教学是是一个漫长的过程,而不是一蹴而就的。所以教师应避免学生在各个阶段英语阅读学习的脱节,应注重各个阶段的良好衔接。从初三到高一这样一个重要阶段,更要抓住学生过渡的这一关键时期,帮助学生形成良好的阅读习惯并且扩大阅读量,培养学生独立思考和应用的能力。只有这样,学生才不会在高中阶段的英语学习中失去兴趣和信心,从而以更为坚定的意念去面对高中阶段紧张的学习,并且在学习中展现出自己的能力。

摘要：阅读是英语教学中的重点,在中考和高考中都占有很大的比例。学生从初中升入高中后,面对高考的压力和各方面的改变,会产生诸多的不适应,甚至会丧失学习英语的兴趣。那么,如何实现从初中到高中的英语阅读教学的良好衔接就显得尤为重要。笔者以人教版教材为例,比较分析了初高中英语阅读的不同要求和初高中学生的不同特点,从而给出了相应的教学建议。

关键词：初高中,阅读,衔接教学,策略

参考文献

8.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇八

【关键词】人教版 教材 评价 分析

一、《初中英语新课程标准》

根据《初中英语新课程标准（2011年修订版）》初中生应该达到语言技能的三级目标，下面我将结合新课标中的语言技能的三级目标，从听、说、读、写四方面分析人教版初中英语七年级上册Unit1 My names Gina。

1.听。先让学生听图片中所画物品的单词，然后听录音材料。在听录音的过程中，写出图片中物品的英语单词，并把对话进行编号。再听录音圈出所听到的名字，完成每项任务。总体来看由浅入深、由易到难，由先听单词再到完成对话，然后过渡到写出名字。符合学生认知发展的规律，便于学生循序渐进的掌握知识。在2a Listen to the conversations and number the pictures，2b Listen again. Circle the names you hear，这两项指令符合新课标中听力的第四条要求：识别句子之间的联系。

2.说。在1c Practice the conversations above. Then greet other students in your class.和2c Practice the conversations.中，这两个活动能够达到新课标要求的利用熟悉的话题进行简单交流。4Name game 中，Practice introducing yourself and others. How many names can you remember？达到了新课标要求的提供学生个人信息的目标。

3.读。在3a Read the list of names. Write F for the first name and L for the last name.中使学生正确的朗读英文姓名，并区别姓和名。教师可以增加相关的阅读材料，来训练学生的朗读能力。

4.写。2c Ask four classmates for their phone numbers and fill in the address book.和3a Look at the picture. Find the last names and write them below.和3b Look at the ID card and answer the questions、3c Fill in your own ID card，4Write your phone number on a piece of paper and put it in a bag. Then take out a piece of paper and find the owner. 紧扣主题，先询问号码，并填写电话号码簿，写出姓名，看身份证回答问题，填写自己的身份证，然后进行游戏，找出身份证上的号码都是谁的。这样的环节不仅可以增进学生们之间的了解，而且还学到了知识，可谓是一举两得。

二、课文内容与结构的分析与评价

人教版初中英语教材《Go for it！》七年级上册由三个预备单元和12个正式单元组成。每个单元在话题、语言知识、技能、功能等方面的设计上都具有连贯性和发展性。在学习话题方面，与学生个人的日常生活和学校生活密切相关；在语言知识方面，以字母、语音、词汇和基本句型为主，语法知识主要围绕一般现在时态、现在进行时态和一般过去时态展开；在语言技能方面，突出培养学生的“听”和“说”的能力。

1.内容结构的分析。

（1）文化主题结构。七年级上册教材围绕日常生活和学校生活展开，具体又分为交友、家庭、学校等11个子话题。第一单元 My name is Gina 围绕着结识新朋友的话题展开，这是前3个预备单元话题的延伸，同时又是后面11个单元话题展开的基础。新课标明确要求培养学生用英语做事情的能力，第一单元的话题设计就是引导学生在交友的任务中完成语言学习，掌握好本单元的话题有助于培养学生良好的交际意识，有助于引导学生继续深入了解后面单元中的话题。

（2）语言知识结构。从词汇数量看，第一单元要求掌握的词汇和短语有50个。从词汇类型看，主要以名词、代词、数词为主，没有较高难度的词汇。通过学习和掌握本单元的词汇有助于开展以后的话题交际，为学习高级词汇、句型和语法知识奠定基础。同时作为教材的第一个正式单元，词汇量和难度都不是很高，体现了由易到难的学习过程，符合初一年级学生的学习心理特征。从语法角度看，涉及的语法项目是一般现在时态、what 特殊疑问句和形容词性物主代词。从语言技能看，以模仿语音为主，通过“听”和“说”训练语言技能，主要为了帮助学生建立学习英语的兴趣。

2.结构设计分析。

（1）从“话题—功能—结构”分析。从表1可以了解到本单元内容是按照“话题、功能、结构”这三个维度进行编排的，其中又以话题贯穿单元内容始终。第一单元分别以 section A、section B、self-check 三个部分构成了单元内容，而这三部分又各自以“话题、功能、结构”这三个维度展开编排。三个部分即可以看成相互独立的个体，又可以通过一条主线（交友）使得三个部分联系起来。在 Section A 中，话题是交友；功能是使用目标语介绍自己、问候他人；结构是以 My name is xx/I m xx/Whats xx name？/Nice to meet you. 等句型。其中1a是导入，1b提供了一段相互介绍和问候的对话，这是为1c活动的展开做准备。2a，2b都是听力练习，为了给学生提供一个真实的情境。从2c到3c，都是在围绕基本结构展开，通过前面几个部分的铺垫，在交友话题的真实背景下，学生体验了话题表达和应用的学习过程。在Section B中，话题仍然是交友，但是在这一部分中，话题发生的场景转为电话交谈，这就引出了新语言功能的表达：询问和告知电话号码，而句型结构新增“What ‘s your telephone number？”。1a 到1b通过听力练习引入话题，让学生熟悉电话号码，给予学习情境。再通过 1c的 Group Work 方式将结构用于话题的功能表达。2a、2b和2c的话题没有变化，功能和结构是将 Section A 与Section B 中的1a到1c的内容结合起来，提供阅读材料以供学生学习和掌握。

（2）从“语言输入——语言输出”分析。从语言输入的角度看，教材提供了词汇、句型、阅读、听力等输入方式，其中 Section A 中的 1b、2a、2b、2c，Section B 中的1a、1b、2a、2b 都是在进行语言输入，从听觉和视觉进行输入。从语言输出的角度看，本单元引导学生通过填空、填表、阅读、口语表达和写作等方式进行语言输出，以求熟练掌握单元目标。其中，Section A 中的 1a、2a、3a、3b 和Section B中的2a、2c是填空输出，Section A中的1c、2c、4和Section B中的1c、2c是口语表达输出，Section B中的3b是阅读输出，3a和3c是写作输出。从语言输入和语言输出的过程来看，教材设置了方式多样的语言输入形式，并在教材的各个部分给予语言输出。

参考文献：

[1]程晓堂，孙晓慧.英语教材分析与设计[M].北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2013.

9.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇九

1.content-n. the ideas of a book, paper etc. 内容；目录； 要旨

I like the style of this book, but I don’t like the content. （内容）

Before buying a book, I look at the table of the contents. （目录）

adj.

1）satisfied; happy 满足的；满意的

a)be content to do

be (well) content with

John seems content just to sit in front of the television all night.

约翰似乎整夜坐在电视机前就满足了。

She is not content with the explanation.(不满意)

b)be satisfied with 对。。。感到满意

You’ve done well at school. I’m very satisfied with you.

I’m not at all satisfied with the present situation.

c）be pleased with 满意

I ’m very pleased with what he has done.

We are very pleased with our new house.

d) be happy with 满意的satisfied because one thinks that sth is being done in the right way

He wasn’t happy with her work and he made her do it again.

vt.使满足：

1）content

Simple praise is enough to content him.

*content oneself with 使对。。。满足，满足于

He contented himself with that work.

He contented himself with one glass of wine.

We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.

There is no contenting some people. 有些人是很难满足的。

There is no doing …没法做某事

There is no stopping him. 没法阻止他。

2）meet one’s need/ demands/ expectation

satisfy

Does the hotel meet your expectation?

The new book meets our needs.

2.access – n.

1)[c]means of entering; way to; entrance 进入；通路

The access / entrance/ passage / way / solution / attitude / key/ visit to

The only access to their house is along a narrow road.

2)[u]means or right of using, reaching, or entering 使用，接近或进入的方法或权利（机会）：

Students need easy access to books.学生需要得到图书的方便途径。

3.rural ---adj.乡村的；农村的like the countryside

people living in the rural areas

countryside

country

urban---of a town or city 都市的；城市的

urban life

suburb---n.(通常pl) an outer area of a town or city, usu. Where people live rather than work 郊区

I live in the suburbs.

3.responsibility-n.

1)责任，义务 [u]

take responsibility for 对。。。承担责任

take on responsibility 承担责任

have a responsibility/ responsibilities for/towards 对。。。有责任

Parents take most of the responsibility for the children.

I take fully responsibility for breaking the window.我对打破窗户负全责。

I take fully responsibility for this action.

Parents have responsibility for their children.

2）职责[c]，责任心

The mother of a family has many responsibilities.做孩子的妈妈要尽多方面的责任。

responsible-adj.

1）be responsible (to sb.) for sth./sb.对某事/某人（向。。。）负责

I am responsible to the director for making sure that the company is profitable.我对董事负责，保证公司赚钱。

She is my child. I’m responsible for her.

Who is responsible to the parents for the education of children?

2）be in charge of 负责

I’ll be in charge of the whole factory next week when the director’s away.

be in the charge of 由。。。负责

The factory is in the charge of Mr. Smith.

3)answer for= be/ become responsible for对。。。负责，承担。。。后果；受惩罚

I’ll answer for his safety.

You will have to answer for your violent behavior in court.

对你在法庭上的粗暴行为，你必须承担一切后果。

4.take action

take measures / take a step

We have to take action before it is too late.我们必须采取行动，否则就太晚了。

The government has promised to take measures to help the unemployment. 政府已经答应采取措施来帮助失业者。

5. willingness ---n 愿意，心甘情愿 willingly –adv.

be willing to

be ready to

be content to

be prepared to do=愿意的

be glad/happy/ pleased to do sth.

I shall be well content to do so.

Mary seems content to sit in front of the television all night. 乐意

My grandparents are content to live quietly in the countryside.

I’m not prepared to listen to your weak excuses. 站不住脚的

She’s always ready to help others.

6.harmony-n. 协调，和谐[u]

The harmony of sea and sky makes a beautiful picture.

She had a sense of harmony.

There can be no harmony between two selfish people.

*in harmony 和谐， 和睦

Bob and I work together in harmony for years.

My cat and dog never fight---they live together in perfect harmony.我的猫和狗从来不打架，它们和睦相处。

*in harmony with 和。。。一致

His tastes are in harmony with mine.

7. put an end to结束（不好的事），制止

We must put an end to this foolish behavior.

come to an end结束

The meeting came to an end at last.

come to… end有。。。的结局

If you don’t give up, you’ll come to a bad end.

make (both) ends meet使收支相抵

come to a stop

The car came to a stop at last.

8.wipe away 擦掉；清除掉

Wipe away your tears.

wipe (…) off

Wipe the dirt off your shoes.

She wiped off the dust.

wipe on 在。。。上面擦

He wiped his dirty hands on a rag.

9.per-a/an / for each

Our charge for the work will be $6 per hour/ an hour.

10.alternative- adj.两者（或以上）择一的，供选择的

We returned by an alternative road.我们是从另一条路回来的。

They are alternative ways of expression the same idea.

n.抉择；可供选择的方案

They are several alternatives to your plan.

除了你的计划，另有几种选择方案。

There is no alternative but to fight.

I had no alternative but to walk out.

改错：There is no alternative but wait. (to wait)

The only alternative is coffee and tea. (and -- or)

You have the alternative of going and staying. (and – or)

你可在去留之间选择。

You have the alternative of coffee, tea, or milk. (有of 用 or)

你可在咖啡，茶或牛奶中任选其一。

The alternatives are coffee, tea and milk. （没有of用and）

可供选择的是咖啡，茶叶和牛奶。

11.defend –v. 1) vt.

a) defend… against/ from 保护。。。使不受：

defend sb. from harm

We defended ourselves against a surprise attack.

She defended her children from the mad dog.

b) protect… from/against 保护；保卫

He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 他抬起胳膊挡住向他脸部打来的一拳。

She protected the children from every danger. 她保护孩子们免遭任何危害

c) guard …from/ against 防卫；警卫；保护（使不受损害）

The wall guards the place from the thieves.

The dog guarded the house ( against strangers).

狗守护着房子（防止生人进入）。

Wear a hat to guard your face against the sun.

guard against 防止

2)辩护；答辩 vt.为。。。辩护

I have no intention defending myself to you.

That lawyer is defending Mr. Smith.

12.1)affect vt.

2)have an effect on

effect-v. produce 产生

She effected several changes in the company.她使公司发生了几个变化。

3)influence sb./sth.

sb. to do sth.

have an influence over sb.

1)Smoking affects health.

2)Smoking has a bad effect on him.

3)Don’t let me influence your decision.

What influenced you to do it?

He has a strange influence over the girl.

13.advise

suggest

recommend

give advice

I advised her that she should wait.

I advise waiting till the right time.

I recommend you to buy this dictionary.

Let me give you a piece of advice.

Text:

1.

Text:

1.share ideas交换意见

compare notes

2.1)since then/ since when 同完成时连用

I have not been much in that country since then.

Since when have you been living in this country?

2）ever since从那以后（一直）（同完成时连用）

John fell off his house a week ago and has been in bed (ever) since.

2)It is + 一段时间 + since + did

It’s a long time since I met you last.

It’s just a week since we arrived here.

3)表过去某事前一段时间情况，时态有以下几种类型：

a）主句从句谓语都用完成时态：

Two weeks had passed since Mary had seen him.

b)主句谓语用一般过去时，从句谓语用过去完成时：

It was years since I had seen her.

c)主句谓语用完成时,从句用一般过去时：

Since she came to me, we had been very happy.

4)在。。。之后，后来

He was sick last week but has since recovered.

Her husband died ten years age, but she’s since married.。。。后来又结婚了。

3.1)or 即；也就是；用于补充说明上文内容。

The company is paying the rent or at least contributing to it.公司在付房租，或者至少再付一部分房租。

That is (to say),

namely

Only one people can do the job, namely you.

2)or (else) 否则

He had to have a job or go hungry.

Hurry up or else you’ll be late.

3)or rather 更确切的说

He arrived late last night or rather in the early hours this

morning.

4)or so 大约；左右（放在量词后）= more or less

I want a hundred or so.

Mr. Smith will be back in a week or so.

about/ around/ some （放在前）

5)or something (somewhere)大概是…这类东西（在…这类地方）

He’s an engineer or something.

I put it in the cupboard or somewhere.

4. without doing 再没发生。。。的情况下

They left the school in a hurry , without saying goodbye to anyone.

He locked the door without making a sound.

*do without /go without 没有。。。也可以；对付

People cannot do without food.

I don’t have enough money to buy a car, so I’ll just have to do without one.

I’m afraid there’s no coffee, so we’ll just have to go without (it).

If I can’t find it, I shall have to do without it.

5.20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water.世界上20%的人口喝不上清洁的饮用水。

access to 进入；接近

The dead-only street was the only access to her home.那个死胡同是通往她家的唯一的路。

Access to the mountain-town is often difficult because of the bad roads. 由于路况不好，进入山城往往很难。

6.alone-adv.只有；仅仅

He alone is not responsible for it.

Money alone cannot make you happy.

（all） alone 单独一人（放在动词后）

I had to work all alone.

She likes to go it alone in everything.她凡事都喜欢一个人干.

7.If we are to

be+ to do sth. 安排；命令；职责；义务；目的；用途；可能性；命中注定：

We are to meet at the school gate.

You are to be back by 10 o’clock.

The prize is to honor him for his great discovery, 奖品是为了表彰他的重大发现。

A knife is to cut with.刀是用来切割的。

They were never to meet again. 它们注定以后永远再也见不着面了。

8.do whatever one can= do what one can= do all that one can

9.Without international cooperation, developing countries cannot prosper, nor will sustainable development be possible.

倒装：nor; neither, not, hardly, seldom, never

Never have I met him before.

Seldom have we seen such big melons.

Hardly had she entered the house when she heard the dog barking.

10.Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

Only in this way can you work out the maths problem.

Only when Tom returns this afternoon will the meeting begin.

11.Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.

倒装：

1)Jack didn’t understand why his mother was angry with him until she told him everything.(陈述句)

2)Not until his mother told him everything did Jack understand why she was angry with him. （倒装句）

3)It was not until his mother told him everything that Jack understood why she was angry with him.（强调句）

12.A better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act.更好地了解环境情况是必要的，意愿行动也是必要的。

as= so

He is a patriot, as are his brothers.他是个爱国者，他的兄弟们也是一样。

He believed, as did his family, that you were telling the truth.

13.in harmony with (与。。。)和睦相处

反义：out of harmony with

The goal, he says, is to live in harmony with the world around us. 他说目标是与我们周围和谐相处。

He soon found himself in harmony with his new co-worker.

14.put an end to 结束；制止

We must put an end to this foolish behavior.

The chief task of the moment is to put an end to the terrible pollution in the rivers.当务之急是制止河流的严重污染。

15.There is a chance (that)…

1）chance 可能性[c;u]

There is a chance that…有可能发生某事

There is a good chance that I’ll finish the work tomorrow.

There is a chance that the sick child will get well.

There is just a chance that he’ll help you.

同义词：possibility 可能性（多作不可数名词，有时可加a）

用法：

a) There is a possibility of doing…

There is a possibility of his coming for Christmas.

I don’t think there is any possibility of your getting away before midday tomorrow.

b)There is a possibility that…

There is a possibility that the train may be late.

There’s always the possibility that he won’t come.

2)chance机会 [c; u] 同义词 opportunity

Chance/ opportunity to do

of doing

I had the chance / opportunity of visiting Paris.

I had no chance/ opportunity to see him.

I wish I’d had your chances / opportunities!

I don’t get many chances to talk to him these days.

The train was so full that we had little chance to compare notes.

10.人教版高二英语unit9 Saving the Earth 篇十

1.prediction –n.预言

predict –vt. to see or describe ( a future happening) in advance预言，预测

She predicted that he would marry a doctor.

Can you predict when the work will be finished?

predictable –adj.

2.forecast vt. to say with some kind of knowledge(what is going to happen at some future time)预报，预测

比较:predict

The teacher forecast that15 of his pupils would pass the examination.

Heavy rain has been forecast for tomorrow. 天气预报明天有大雨.

3.1)glimpse –n. 无意识地一瞥,看到的粗略印象, 瞥见，强调结果.

catch / get a glimpse of

I only caught a glimpse of the thief, so I can’t really describe him.我只是瞥了小偷一眼,因此我无法把他仔细描述.

I caught a glimpse of Meg at the station this morning.我早上在车站看见梅格了．

I caught a glimpse of the Town Hall clock as we drove quickly past.

2)glance –v.匆匆地看一眼或粗略地扫一眼,强调动作

glance at =take a glance at/ take a quick look at

He glanced at his watch once again and then looked at the front entrance.

n. 一瞥One glance at his face told me he was ill.

at a glance看一眼， 一眼看出

She saw at a glance that he’d been crying.

3)gaze –凝视,盯着看 gaze at

4)stare-凝视，盯着 stare at

5)glare –瞪着 glare at

She ___ shyly at the young fellow from behind her fan.

A. glanced B. glimpsed C. gazed D. copied

I ___ her among the crowd just before she disappeared from sight.（glimpsed） 就在他消失在人群当中之前，我瞥见了他。

I caught (get) a glimpse of his face as he ran past.

We caught a glimpse of a river as the train passed over a bridge.

The angry father glared at his son.

Children should be taught not to stare at handicapped people.

4. trend –n. general direction, tendency趋势，倾向

the trend of rising unemployment失业上升的趋势

the latest trends(=fashions) in women’s clothes女装最新趋势

5. contemporary --adj. 当代的，现代的，同时期的modern , of the present

contemporary history / art/morals现代历史/艺术/道德

contemporary building

new-是形容现已存在但时间很短的事物的一般用语：

a new building/ law/ book

recent-描绘不久前发生或出现的事物 ，主要用于事件：

our recent vacation我们不久前的假期

We elected a new senator in the election. 在最进的选举中我们选了一位新参议员。

modern-适用于比new更长的一段时间，意为“属于现代或不太久的过去”：

an examination in modern history

Modern science has conquered many disease.

contemporary-意为属于现在或在前不久

contemporary art/politics 当代艺术/政治

current-描绘当前的事物，可以是也可以不是new

the government’s current ideas on defense政府当前对国防的看法

6.indicate-vt.

1) to show by sign; make clear暗示，表明

I indicated that his help was not welcome.

2)( 开车转弯时用手,灯光或箭头)表示方向:

He is indicating left.

At the crossing there is an arrow ___ the direction to the Andrew Farm.

A. indicating B. to indicate C. indicated D. indicate

3)point at, draw attention to指示,指出

I asked him where my sister was, and he indicated the store across the street.

7.ensure –vt. make sth. certain to happen保证,担保

ensure that

ensure sb. sth

ensure sth.

ensure doing

If you want to ensure that you catch the plane, take a taxi.

His ability ensures his success.

The medicine will ensure a good night’s sleep.

Come early to ensure getting a good seat.

We ensure to fulfill the task on time. ×

I ensure to help him. ×

8. necessity ---n.

1) need, the condition of being needed需要, 必要(性)[u]

necessity to do/ of / for

Is there any necessity for another election?

There is no necessity to hurry.

What’s the necessity of leaving so early?

2) necessity --something one needs to have 必需品,必不可少的东西[c]

指客观上必不可少的东西; 生活必需品

Food is a basic necessity of life.

necessary-必需品,指主观上需要客观上并不一定必不可少[c]

a. Food and clothing are ___of life. (necessities)

b. Sleep is a ___. (necessity)

c. We packed those necessities for future use.

d. A motorcar is a ___of life nowadays. (necessary)

f. Things that are luxuries of one generation become the ___ of the next, such as television, telephone, etc... A. necessary B. necessaries C. necessity D. necessities

9. crowd –n. a large number of people gather together人群, 一群人

a crowd waiting for a bus

There were crowds of people at the theatre.

v. (of people) come together in large number拥挤,聚集

People crowded around the scene of the accident.

crowded –adj. complete full; filled with a crowd

be crowded with

be packed with

The bus was crowded with people.

The stadium was packed with people.

10. goods --n. (pl)商品,货物 (作主语,谓语用复数)

All the goods in the store ___ ( is / are ) expensive.

The shopper delivered four goods to me this afternoon. ×

The shopkeeper delivered some goods to me this afternoon.

1)必须用复数的有: sports, sales, goods, clothes

sports man , sports car, salesgirl

2)集体名词

a) 某些表无生命的集体名词，如 machinery, jewelry, poetry等，用单数：

b) 某些表有生命的集体名词：

如cattle, police, 等，用复数

His cattle were feeding.

c) 某些表有生命的集体名词，如audience, class, couple, crew, family, government, majority, public看作集体用单数，看作成员用复数。

The audience have taken their seats.

The audience is requested to remain seated.

3)由两部分构成的物体名称，如 compasses, glasses, jeans, pants, trousers, scales (天平)，scissors 通常看作复数

4) 以ings 结尾的名词，如belongings, surroundings, takings (收入)等，作复数

5)单复数同形的名词, 动词要与该名词在句中的单复数保持一致。

a) 某些动物,物体名称，如dear, sheep, fish, craft, aircraft

b) 以-ese (-ss) 结尾的民族名称， 如 Chinese , Swiss

c) means, works

Every means has been tried.

All the means have been tried.

11. purchase –v. (fml) to buy (正式) 购买;购置(指购买比较贵重的东西,如珠宝,房子,名贵的书等,也可用于购买股票等,不用于买菜,肉等)

He purchased a new house in the country.

The employees are encouraged to purchase shares in the company.该企业号召职工购买其股票.

purchase sth. with sth. 以某物换(买)某物

n. 1)[c](.pl.通常用复数)something that you buy 所购买的物品

I have some purchases to make in town.

She made several purchases in the store.

2) n.[u] the act of buying things购买行为

We began to regret the purchase of such a small house.

12. cash –n. money in coins and notes, rather than checks现金,现款

cash/ check/ cheque/ note/ coin/ credit card

I don’t have any cash on me . Can I pay by check?

v. 把…兑换成现金,兑现

Can you cash that check for me?

Where can I get this cashed?

13. remain vi.保持不变,仍是, 剩下,(人) 逗留

She likes to remain home. ×

She likes to remain at home.

可以说: remain at home / stay home / stay at home

不可以说: remain home

remain doing 具有主动性

sth. remain to be done 某事有待去做

可以说：It remains to be seen. 这尚待以后见分晓.

She remained sitting.

不可以说: It remains being seen.

She was remaining here after we left. ×

是状态动词,不用进行时

应说: She remained here after we left.

- ing 形式作前置定语: 剩下,留下

the remaining money

left-the money left

remainder –n. 剩余物,其余人

The remainder of the books are in the box.

作系词:continue to be仍然是,依旧是

Peter became a judge, but John remained a fisherman/ remained

poor.

It only remains for sb. to do sth. “某人说要做的是…” remain”剩下，留下

It only remains for me to sign the paper that you gave me.

我说要做的事只是在你给我的文件上签字。

It only remains for him to say that he agrees to the plan

他所要做的只是说一声他同意这个计划。

Everything has been done. It only remains for them to come and enjoy the meal.

事情都干完了。他们所要做的只是来美美的吃一顿。

14. cure –vt. n.治愈,治疗cure sb. of a disease

不说: The doctor cured her from her cough.

This medicine cured me my cold.

而说: The doctor cured her of her cough.

This medicine cured me of my cold.

treat vt. 治疗

treat sb. for a disease

treat sb. with …用…治疗

The doctors were treating her for heart trouble.

I’ll treat you with Chinese medicine.

15. distance --n. 远方,远处,距离

1) 问距离

不说: how long / how much

而说: what

What’s the distance between London and Paris( from London to Paris)

2)表示 “在远处”

可以说: in the distance

at a distance / from a distance

不说: at the distance

Can you see a deer in the distance?

3)在表示远近时用long , short修饰, 不用near , far

It is a long / short distance from here.

=It’s near / far from here.

4) a long distance / a long-distance call长途电话

distant –adj.

16. cheat –v.

1)欺骗,骗取

cheat sb. (out) of sth.

His father was cheated of his land.

He cheated me my money.×

He cheated me of my money.

2) cheat sb. into sth./doing sth. 骗取某人做谋事

He cheated her into believing that he loved her.

17. require （正式）请求，命令demand ,order

request 要求,请求demand politely（比ask正式,比demand客气）

demand (有权)要求 ，（强烈）要求ask for sth. strongly

ask 要求，请求（普通用语）

beg 乞求

*require vt.

1)（正式）要求，命令

a) require sb. to do sth.

I require you to speak this to no one.

They required me to keep silent.

被动：

You are required to say what is good for him or what isn’t.

All passengers are required to show their tickets.

b) require + n.

This requires great effort on the part of its people.

c) require that should do

He requires that they (should )work all night.

2)需要

The floor requires washing.

3)过去分词作定语:

You should pass the required examination to become a doctor.

4) require of对…的要求

I will do all that is required of me.

I am willing to do whatever my country requires of me.

*request

1)request sb. to do sth.

I requested him to bring his daughter here.

Visitors are requested not to touch the paintings.

Passengers are requested to take their seat immediately.

2)request that should do

She requested that the boxes should be taken to the upstairs.

3)request + n.

The judge requested silence.

4)n. make a request

He made a request for help / that I should help him.

*at one’s request /at the request of根据…的请求

I bought it at your request/at the request of my father.

He was writing at the request of Mr. Brown.

*by request应（观众）请求

She sang a song by request.

The piece was played by request.

*in great request/need有极大需求

These materials are in great need/ request.

*on(upon) request 应请求，被要求时

The band will play on request.

*demand 要求，（强烈）要求

demand sth.

demand to do

demand that ( should ) do

eg. I demand my rights./ an answer.

I demand to know the truth.

They demand that they get more money.

n.需要，需求

the demand for

in great demand

Is there much demands for teachers in this town?

Oil is in great demand these days.

*ask

ask for 要求得到

ask to do

ask sb. to do

ask that (should) do

He has asked for an interview with the present.

I ask to speak to Mr. Baker.

She asked him to wake her at six o’clock.

I ask that he leave.

*beg 乞求，恳求，请求

beg sb. to do

beg to do 请允许

beg that

She beg him to remain home.

I beg to point out that your facts are incorrect.

I beg that he leave.

18.programme v. plan, arrange 1)计划，安排，

We’ve programmed you to appear on his show next week.

2) 使按程序工作, 编制程序

The computer is programmed to accept data in any or all of these media.

Please program the computer to give me more information.请给计算机编程序以便为我提供更多的信息．

n. 1)节目单，节目，表演

What’s your favorite television program?

2)计划，方案，纲领

Meetings are held to explain the program to the villagers.

3)（计算机）程序

19. reality n. not imagination

turn sth. into reality

in reality 实际上

Everyone liked the stranger but in reality he is a criminal.

Text:

1.what happens to sb.?

what becomes of sb.?

what’s wrong with sb.? 某人怎么了

What’s the matter with sb.?

What’s the trouble with sb.?

2.It would be bad for society if people had doubles.

1) If I were you, I wouldn’t go.

2) If I had time, I would go.

3）If it rained tomorrow, I wouldn’t go.

If it should rain tomorrow, I would go.

If it were to rain tomorrow, I would go.

3) If you had taken the doctor’s advice, you wouldn’t have caught a cold.

3. What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict,

What should a good friend be like?

1)What is sb. like?问某人如何，个性特征，既可以是内在品质，也可以是外在特点，回答是可针对其中的一方面，也可两方面都回答。

---What’s she like?

--- She is very kind and beautiful.

*也可指天气，或某物如何

What’s the weather like today?

What’s his handwriting like?

2)What does sb./sth. look like? 某人/某物看上去如何?(外表,长相)

---What does she look like? ---She looks like her mother.

3)How does sb. like?

How do(did) you like…? 你觉得…怎么样?

=What do you think of…?

What / How about…?

How do you like the film?

4. make forecast about sth. =forecast

the weather forecast

v. forecast that forecast/ forecast, forecasted/ forecasted

The teacher forecast that 15 of his students would pass the examination.

to forecast the weather

to forecast election results

链接：forehead, forefather, foresee

5. indicate vt.

1) to suggest the possibility or probability of: be a sign of有…的可能性，象征

In this map, the towns are indicated by a red dot. 在这张地图上，城镇是用小红点标的。

2) to show or point to sth. 指给…看，指示

With a nod of her head she indicated to me where I should sit.

6. amaze vt. To filll with great surprise; cause wonder in使惊奇, 使吃惊

. sth. amaze sb.

sb. be amazed at sth. 某人对谋事惊讶

be amazed by sth. 某人被某事震惊

be amazed to do sth. 吃惊地做某事

His knowledge amazed me.

The visitors were amazed at the achievements of the city during the past ten years.

amazing adj. amazed adj.

7. environment means all the things around you, esp. as they influence your feelings and development 指周围的一切,尤指环境对人心情及发展的影响

Children need a happy home environment.

Brought up in a happy environment 在幸福环境中长大

surroundings simply the physical things which surround a place or person.指一个地方或一个人周围的具体东西：

a hotel set in pleasant surroundings 位于舒适环境里的饭店

She grew up in comfortable surroundings. 他在舒适的环境中长大。

比较: to grow up in beautiful surrounding 在美丽的自然环境中长大

to grow up in a happy environment 在快乐的生活中长大

8. keep in touch with

in touch with = in communication with 同。。。联系

out of touch with 失去联系

get in touch with 取得联系

lose touch with 失去联系

Let’s keep in touch with each other.

We are in close touch with our office in USA.

We have been out of touch with Lilian.

9. pay more attention to

call one’s attention to

attract one’s attention

draw one’s attention

invite one’s attention

give one’s attention to

fix one’s attention on

focus one’s attention on

center one’s attention on

devote one’s attention to

bring sth. to one’s attention 使某人注意某事

10. With a better understanding of the human body,…

with prep. at the same time or rate as sth. else 随着

Good wine will improve with age.佳酿越陈跃醇.

With the approach of sunset, the shadows lengthened. 随着太阳下落,影子也逐渐伸长.

11. understanding n.

1)理解,了解

According to my understanding of the letter, he owes you money.

2) agreement, nor formal 协议,谅解

reach an understanding ( with sb. about sth.)

come to (与某人对谋事)达成正式协议

arrive at

We have come to an understanding.(= reached an understanding)

12. be sure (that )

be not sure whether

I’m sure smoking hurt you.

I’m not sure where he lives.

I’m not sure whether he will come.

13. come true of a hope, prediction, etc) really happen, become fact

His dream came true at last.

14.1) on the air 广播着;播送中

send (put) on the air 广播，播送

What’s on the air this evening? 今晚有什么广播节目？

2) by air

3) in the air a)在空中 b) 渺茫 The plan is quite in the air.计划还很渺茫。

4）take the air a)兜风，散步 b)飞机起飞

15.prepare sth.

prepare for

prepare sb. for

be prepared for

be prepared to do

make preparations for

16.*in store(for sb./ sth.)

1)(kept ready for future use) 储存着; 备有

have /keep sth. in store

He always keeps several cases of wine in store.他总是备有几箱酒。

A bright future is in store for you.

2)coming in the future; about to happen 必将到来，快要发生

I can see trouble in store.我预见到要有麻烦发生。

There is a surprise in store for you. 你一定要大吃一惊的。

* a store of (sth.)积累而成的巨大数量

a library with a store of rare books

She keeps a store of stories in her head.

*store up

A squirrel stores up food for the future.

17.get back 1)回来，归来 =return

2)取回，收回 He got his money back after struggle.