虚拟语气复习教案

虚拟语气复习教案（15篇）

1.虚拟语气复习教案 篇一

虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的。

一.在非真实条件句中

虚拟条件句(if从句) 主句

与现在事实

相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/ should + do

与过去事实

相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/should + have done

与将来事实

相反 ①主语 + did

②主语 +were to do

③主语 + should do 主语 + would/could/might/should + do

1 If I were you, I would buy it. 2 If she knew English, she would ask me for help now.

3 If you had got up earlier, you would have caught the train yesterday.

注意：错综时间条件句：从句和主句发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整。 5 If you had followed my advice (听从)yesterday, you would be better now.

6 If they had studied hard in the past, they would do it easily now.

二 省略if的情况: 虚拟条件句中含were , should, had 时，可省略if,把这几个词置于句首。

1 Were I you, I wouldn’t do that. (be) 2. Had you come earlier, you would have seen him.

3. Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

三 含蓄条件句 :使用with, without, but, or,or else, otherwise， but for(= if it were not for…与现在事实相反;if it had not been for…与过去事实相反)等代条件句。

1 We couldn’t have succeeded without your help.(没有你的帮助)

2 But for the rain(要不是) we would have finished the work.

3 He telephoned to inform me of your birthday. or (=If he hadn’t telephoned to inform me of your birthday)I would have known nothing about it.

但是： If it were not for the fact that she ____sing, I would invite her to the party. C

A. couldn’tB. shouldn’t C. can’tD. mightn’t

四 常用虚拟语气的句型

(一) 在下列句型中，常用“should + 动词原形”且should可以省略：

1 表示要求，建议，命令，提议，意愿等的主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句中。

一坚持insist; 二命令order, command; 三建议suggest, advise,propose; 四要求demand,require,request,ask等后。

注意：当suggest作__________讲，insist作_________讲，后边that从句不用虚拟语气。

2 在It is + 形容词(necessary, natural, strange, etc. ) + that从句中。

在It is/was a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc. ) + that从句中。

1)We all agreed to his suggestion(that)we (should abandon the plan. 放弃那个计划.

2) It is suggested that the meeting should be put off next week.(被推迟)

3) It’s necessary/important/natural that we_______________________每天打扫房间.

但是1) Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. (从未偷过)

2) The look on his face suggested that he was angry.

但是： It is(high/about)time(that)sb.did sth /should do sth

Eg: It is high time we started / should start. 动身出发

(二) 用动词的过去式表示与现在事实(或将来事实)相反，用动词的过去完成式表示与过去事实相反的句型。

1).wish后that引导的宾语从句中。(表示对将来的设想，用could/would/might+v.)

2).as if(though)引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中。

3).would rather后的宾语从句中。

4).If only引导的感叹句中。

1 I wish I _______________________. 和你一样聪明。

2 I wish he ______________________ tomorrow. 再次尝试

3 He looks as if/though he ____________________. 他是一个艺术家

4 I’d rather you _________________ there yesterday. 不去

5 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _______________ (follow) your advice.

2.虚拟语气“小课堂” 篇二

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，不是表示客观存在的事实，因此虚拟语气常用在含有非真实条件从句的主从复合句中。虚拟语气是通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的。所以掌握虚拟语气所使用的各种谓语动词的变化形式是学习虚拟语气的关键。

虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：

虚拟语气条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表示与现在、过去事实相反的情况或对将来发生的情况表示猜测。虚拟语气条件句中所用的谓语动词的过去式、过去分词等只表示不同的虚拟情况，与陈述语气的过去时、过去完成时等不同。虚拟语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式如下：

1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况

If I had more time, I would study Japanese.

如果我有更多的时间，我就学日语。(事实是：我现在没有更多的时间，因此我没有学日语。)

If she were not so busy, she would come here with me.

要是她不那么忙，她就和我一起来这里了。(事实是：她很忙，无法来这里。)

If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.

如果你早点睡觉，早晨就不会这么困了。(事实是：你经常晚睡，所以早上很困。)

2. 表示与过去事实相反的情况

I would have bought that storybook if I had money with me yesterday.

如果昨天我身上有钱，我就买了那本故事书。(事实是：昨天我身上没有钱，所以就没买那本故事书。)

If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed the exam.

如果你以前用功，你就不至于考试不及格了。(事实是：你之前没用功，所以考试失败了。)

He would have gone to bed if he had finished doing his homework in time.

假如他及时做完了作业，他早就上床睡觉了。(事实是：由于作业没及时完成，所以他没有去睡觉。)

3. 表示与将来事实相反的情况

If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

如果明天下雨，我们的野餐就会推迟。(从句中谓语动词用过去式，表示说话人认为“下雨”的可能性不大)

注意事项：

当从句的谓语动词用过去式时，无论主语是什么人称，be动词的过去式一般用were。

主句谓语动词中的would可根据情况由should（用于第一人称），could或might替换。

课堂练习：

请用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. If I come, I _____ (see) you.

2. If it is fine tomorrow, we _____ (go) for a walk.

3. If it rained, they _____ (stay) at home.

4. You will spoil it if you _____ (not be) careful.

5. We would be very much pleased if you _____ (come).

6. Will you help me if I _____ (need) you?

7. They will get wet if it _____ (rain).

8. What a pity!I haven’t got my car. If I had, I _____ (take) you to the airport.

9. We would answer if we _____ (can).

10. If you eat too much, you _____ (get) ill.

Key: 1. will see2. will go3. would stay4. are not5. came6. need

3.虚拟语气复习教案 篇三

虚拟语气用在 even if, even though, whatever引导的状语从句中，从句谓语可参照由if引导的.虚拟条件从句的谓语，一般用过去时或过去完成时。例如：

This old machine runs as if it were a new one.

The old worker works as though he were a young man.

Even though she had been here very soon, she would not catch the train.

Example:

He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ______ all about that.

a. know b. knows c. known d. knew

I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.

a. knew b. knows c. has known d. had known

______ I used a lot of examples I still could not get my idea across.

a. Since b. But that c. Now that d. Even though

2. 虚拟语气用在so that, lest (唯恐), in case (万一), unless, in order that(为了，以便), that(为了，以至于), for fear that (生怕，以免), on condition that (如果)等引导的目的，条件状语从句中，从句谓语 may 或 might+原形动词，也有用 should, can, could+原形动词构成的。例如：

The teacher explained the law once more in order that we might understand it better.

Some people eat so that they may live. Others seem to live in order that they may eat.

一些人吃是为了生存，而另一些人似乎是活着就是为了吃。

I left him a note with my address on for fear that he should not know where to see me.

The heroes gave their lives that we might live a happy life.

为了我们过上幸福生活，英雄们献出了自己的生命。

Example:

In case I ______, I would try again.

a. will fail b. would miss c. should fail d. shall miss

You should exercise vigilance _____ you should be killed.

a. so that b. lest c. therefore d. that

3. 虚拟语气用在由 “whether” 引导的让步状语从句中，从句谓语用原形动词。例如：

All engines work on this principle, whether they be large or small.

所有发动机都按这一原理工作，无论它们是大还是小。

We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late.

无论时间早晚，我们必须在回家前干完工作。

All matter, whether it be gas, liquid or solid, is made up of atoms.

所有物质，不论是气体，液体，或固体，都是由原子构成。

在此句型中，可省去 whether ，而将be放在主语前。例如：

Be it so, we must continue to do the test.

We must do our best to fulfil the task, be it ever so hard.

Example:

______ I’ll marry him all the same.

a. Were he rich or poor b. Be he rich or poor

c. Whether rich or poor d. Being rich or poor

EXERCISE

1. ______, I must do another experiment.

a. It is ever so late b. Ever so late it

c. Be it ever so late d. Whether be it ever so late

2. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ______ on the way.

a. goes wrong b. would go wrong c. went wrong d. should go wrong

3. Machines are often oiled so that they ______ well.

a. ran b. runs c. should run d. running

4. Even if he ______ very busy, he would have kept on learning English.

a. had been b. was c. were d. had being

5. Supposing the weather ______ bad, where would you go?

a. is b. will be c. was d. were

6. ______, he could not succeed.

a. However, he tried that b. He tried however hard

c. However he could try d. However hard he tried

7. Even though the enemy ______ wings, they couldn’t escape from our encirclement.

a. had b. had had c. have d. has

8. She described the accident as if she ______ it herself.

a. saw b. has seen c. had seen d. sees

9. He came to meet us at the station for fear that we ______ the wrong way.

a. take b. should take c. took d. had taken

10. The car looked very dirty, as though it ______ hundreds of miles.

a. run b. runs c. has run d. had run

11. The teacher spoke slowly in order that we ______ no difficulty in following him.

a. should have b. had c. will have d. didn’t have

12. All magnets behave the same, ______ they large or small.

a. how b. are c. be d. were

13. At the beginning he didn’t want to speak English lest he _____ mistakes.

a. will make b. should make c. would make d. can

14. I remember the whole thing as if it ______ yesterday.

a. happen b. happens c. happened d. happening

15. She stayed at home for a few days so that she _____ her mother.

a. takes care of b. took care of c. might took care of d. might take care of

16. She took up the meter with care for fear that it _____ .

a. is damaged b. to be damaged c. should be damaged d. was damaged

17. In many cases the heating effect is neglected as if there ______ no flow of current along the wire.

a. are b. were c. is d. being

18. I’ll put the money on the table just in case you ______ it.

a. might need b. would need c. needed d. may have needed

19. Providing you ______ the opportunity to go abroad, which country would you want to visit first?

a. have b. will have c. had d. have had

20. The business of each day, ______ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.

4.虚拟语气讲解 篇四

1 语气(mood)

语气是动词的`一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2 语气的种类

⑴、陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：

①there are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。

②were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗?

③how good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊!

⑵、祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如：

①never be late again!再也不要迟到了。

②don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。

⑶、虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如：

①if i were a bird, i could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

②i wish i could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。

③may you succeed!祝您成功!

虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。

第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气

一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如：

⑴.would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?

⑵.it would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。

⑴、may good luck be yours!祝你好运!

⑵、may you be happy!祝你快乐!

⑶、may you do even better!祝你取得更大成就!

⑷、may you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

⑸、may the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

⑹、may you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。

2、用动词原形。例如：

(1).long live the people! 人民万岁!

(2).“god bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你!”

5.英语选修6虚拟语气 篇五

Teaching goals 教学目标

1.Target language 目标语言

a.重点词汇和短语

wish， aggressive, scholar, in the flesh

b.重点句式

I wish...were / did...If...were / did...,...would / could / should / might do...2.Ability goals能力目标

Enable the students to use the subjunctive mood correctly in different situations.3.moral goals 情感目标

Enable the students to use the subjunctive mood to express their emotion Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点

Enable the students to use the correct form of the subjunctive mood.Teaching methods教学方法

Summarizing;comparative method;practicing activities.Teaching aids教具准备

A projector and a blackboard.Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式

Step ⅠPresentation

At first, give the students an example to present what the subjunctive mood is andin what situations we should use the subjunctive mood.Then, show them the sentence structures of the subjunctive mood.T: Now please listen to the following example: Suppose I’m a basketball fan, Yao1

Ming is coming here to play a basketball game this evening.But unfortunately, I haven’t got a ticket for it.I feel sorry about that and what should I say in this situation? Iwill say: I wish I watched the basketball game./ If I had got a ticket, I would go to watch the basketball game.Have you ever heard such kind of sentences?

Ss: Yes.They use the subjunctive mood.T: Then do you know what is the subjunctive mood and in what situations weshould use the subjunctive mood?

S: The subjunctive mood is used when we want to express a wish, request,recommendation or report of a command.S: Also, the subjunctive mood is used to express something that is contrary to thefact, highly unlikely or doubtful.T: Exactly.How can we show our feelings in such situations? We can use the following two sentence structures to express our regretting.1.Subject + wish + Object Clause

Time Verb Object clause

now： wish would do / could do / were / did

past： wished had been / done

future： wish would do / could do / were / did

2.“If” clause..., main clause...Time Verb Main clause

now： were / did Would / could / should / might do

past： had done Would / could / should / might have done

future： were / did Would / could / should / might do

Samples:

Fact Request Subjunctive mood

not getting a ticket(If I got a ticket,)watch the game(I could watch the game.)I wish I watched the basketball games.not having wings(If I had wings,)fly in the sky(I could fly in the sky.)I would flyfreely in the sky.not having enough money(If I had enough money,)buy a new computer(I couldbuy a new computer.)I could buy a new computer.Step Ⅱ Practice

First, show the students some more situations.Then raise some questions and askthem to discuss them according to the situations in groups of four, using thesubjunctive mood.At last, get them to show their sentences.T: Now I’d like to give you some more situations.Please discuss how to answer thequestions using the subjunctive mood in groups of four.Show them on the screen.1.Helen has been living with AIDS for many years.Now she is celebrating her

birthday with her friends.If you were Helen, what kind of wishes would you make?

2.It is said that a falling star can let your dreams come true.If you saw a fallingstar, what kind ofwishes would you make?

3.Besides a falling star, a magic lamp can also let your dreams come true.If youhad a magic lamp, what would you ask it to do for you?

After discussion

T: All right, now who would like to be volunteers to speak out your wishes?Ss: If I were Helen, I would ask for living longer / follow the doctors’ advice.(I wish I had a longer life / I followed the doctors’ advice.)

If I saw a falling star, I would promise to have a flourish future./ I would promise

to make my parents happy forever.(I wish I would have a flourish future / make my parents happy forever.)

If I had a magic lamp, I would ask it help the poor / I would ask it to bring peace tothe whole world.(I wish it could help the poor / bring peace to the whole world.)

Step Ⅲ Consolidation

Ask the students to do Exercises 1 ＆ 2 in Discovering useful structures on page 4and Exercises 1-4 in USING STRUCTURES on page 43.Then check the answers.Step ⅣHomework

6.突破“虚拟语气” 篇六

下面重点谈谈虚拟语气在条件句中的用法，虚拟语气条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表示与现在、过去事实相反的情况或对将来发生的情况表示假设。

具体情况如下：

1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况

例如 : If I were you, Id get there earlier. 如果我是你，我就早一点到那儿。（事实是：我不是你，因此我没有早到那儿。）

2． 表示与过去事实相反的情况

例如: If you had worked hard, you wouldnt have failed the exam. 如果你早用功，就不至于考试不及格了。（事实是:你早没用功,所以考试失败了。）

3. 表示与将来事实相反的情况

例如: If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. 如果明天下雨，我们的野餐就推迟。(事实是：最近天气很好，下雨的可能性不大。)

注意：用虚拟语气表示条件的条件从句, 可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，但所表达的意义侧重点不同。主句在前时，强调 “结果”；从句在前时，强调 “条件”。

【巩固练习】

Ⅰ. 单项选择。

( )１. If I were you, I ______ try my best.

A. would B. shallC. hadD. will

( )2. If I ______ ten years younger, I ______ very happy.

A. am; shall beB. were; would be

C. were; shall be D. am; would be

( )3. If I ______to the moon, I would bring something unusual back to the earth.

A. goB. goesC. wentD. will go

() 4. If Jane ______here now, she would explain to us how to do it.

A. beB. is C. wasD. were

() 5. —You can ask your brother for help.

—He is not at home. If he ______, I ______.

A. is; would B. is; will

C. were; wouldD. were; will

Ⅱ. 用动词的正确形式填空。

6. If I ______ ( be ) a teacher, I would not be so strict with my students.

7. If I ______ (have) time, I would come to help you.

8. If she were not so busy, she ______ (come) here with me.

7.英文语法杂谈：虚拟语气 篇七

虚拟语气的相关语法(Subjunctive Mood)

如果你看到下列的句子，你会认为它们是正确的还是错的`呢?

1. I wish I were a bird.

2. We request that you be here tomorrow.

也许你会说：“哈哈，第一句的I were 错了，应该是I was;而第二句中的you be是什么东东呀?不是you are, 也不是you will be, 什么you be?!”

其实上面的句子都是一种称为 Subjunctive 类型的句子。Subjunctive Mood 有的书译为“假设语气”，虽不很贴切;但在相当大的程度上，告诉我们这种句子的特点，Subjunctive Mood中文译作“虚拟语气”，似乎不及“假设语气”那么容易明白。它是一种动词形式，表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。

基本上，虚拟语气可分为虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present)和虚拟过去(Subjunctive Past)两种;但它们和时态(Tenses)上所指的现在时态(Present Tense)和过去时态(Past Tense)是有所不同的。

一、虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present)

虚拟现在的句子，在任何时候都要用动词的原形(root form)，就算是第三人称(he, she, it)也是如此。如：

1.1 现在时态(Simple Present)

I work ---- I work

you work ---- you work

he works ---- he work (注意到了吗，是work，不是works)

she works ---- she work (不是she works 喔)

it works ---- it work (同样不是it works 喔)

we work ---- we work

they work ---- they work

1.2 现在进行时态(Present Continuous)

I am working ---- I be working (注意用的是be，怪怪的!)

you are working ---- you be working

he is working ---- he be working

she is working ---- she be working

it is working ---- it be working

we are working ---- we be working

they are woring ---- they be working

1.3 现在完成时态(Present Perfect)

I have worked ---- I have worked

you have worked ---- you have worked

he has worked ----- he have worked (用的还是have喔)

she has worked ---- she have worked

it has worked ---- it have worked

we have worked ---- we have worked

they have worked ---- they have worked

1.4 现在完成进行时态(Present Perfect Continuous)

I have been working ---- I have been working

you have been working ---- you have been working

he has been working ---- he have been working (是he have, 不是he has )

8.英语虚拟语气知识点 篇八

2. 注意四个情态动词的用法

(1)若表示在某一假设的条件下，必然而然就会发生某事，第一人称可用should或would, 而二、三人称只用would.

(2)若表示在某一假设条件下就能够干某事，各人称都用could.

(3)如果表示在某种假设条件下有可能会发生某事，各人称都用might.

3.虚拟语气的倒装

当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should，could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，could等词移至句首。

注意：以上移至句首的 had不一定是助动词，如果是实义动词也可倒装：

If he had money，he would buy a car. Hadhe money，hewould buy a car.

(1)从句与过去事实相反相成，而主句与现在事实相反。例如：

If you had not been strict withme when I was young, I could not be such a successful person now.(这种虚拟语气的特点是主句中常含有时间准状语now

或nowadays)

(2)Should anyone come and ask for me, tell them I willcome back tomorrow.(主句为祈使句，条件句与将来事实相反，表示说话人认为某件事情发生的可能性很小。)

5.含蓄虚拟条件句

含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。这类用法主要见于以下七种方式：

(1)将条件隐含在不定式短语中。

I should be happyto go with you. (=I should be happy if I could go with you.)

(2)将条件隐含在分词短语中。

Born in bettertimes, he would have been a scholar. (=If he had been born in better times, he…)

(3)将条件隐含在介词短语中。

Without air, no onecould live. (=If there were no air, no one could live.)

常用的介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under,under more favorable condition等。

(4)将条件隐含在名词短语中。

A true friend wouldnot have betrayed me. (=If he had been atrue friend, he would…)

(5)将条件隐含在某些连词(如or, or else, otherwise等)中。用法如下：它们后的句子如果说的不是客观事实，它们前边的句子采用陈述语气，后边的句子采用虚拟语气。

(a)句子(一般现在时)+ or, or else, otherwise + 句子(谓语部分：shouldwouldcouldmight等+ 动词原形)

Don’t bother toread all these papers. It would take too long.

(=…If you read all these papers, it would taketoo long)

常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段连词如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest,provided，for fear that, oncondition that, if only等。

(注：lest, for fear that和in case引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)

注意：but后面转折成真实情况的用法

9.虚拟语气例析 篇九

条件句：①真实条件句：可能发生（陈述语气）

②非真实条件句：过去或现在都不存在，将来也不太可能发生（虚拟语气）

1. 记住下列三种基本虚拟语气的用法

If he had time, he would study French. 如果他有时间，他就会学习法语。

If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam. 如果他当初听从了我的建议，他就会及格。

If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be put off. 如果明天下雨的话，竞赛就会被取消。

If it should be fine tomorrow, I would go shopping. 如果明天天晴的话我就去购物。

2．若主从句动作发生的时间不一致，则谓语动词形式需要视具体情况加以调整，从句与过去情况相反，主句与现在情况相反。

If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果当初你听了医生的建议，现在都已经康复了。

3. 若省略引导词if，则从句需用倒装语序，即“were/had/should+主语+其他”，主句不变。

If he had been more careful, such mistakes could have been avoided. 如果他细心一点，这样的错误是可以避免的。

→Had he been more careful, ...

If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be put off. 如果明天下雨的话，比赛就会延期。

→Were it not to rain tomorrow, ...

If it should be fine tomorrow, I would go shopping. 如果明天天气好，我就去购物。

→Should it be fine tomorrow, ...

4. 含蓄虚拟条件句：句中含without（没有）, but for+名词/that从句（要不是有），otherwise/or (else)（否则）等时也需要用虚拟语气，相当于if引导的虚拟条件句。

Without air/If there were no air, there would be no living things. 如果没有空气，就不会有生物。

But for your help/If it hadn’t been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the task in time. 如果没有你的帮助，我无法按时完成任务。

I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.

=If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them. 那天我很忙，否则我一定会和他们一起去。

二、虚拟语气用在宾语从句中

1．在wish宾语从句中，表示一种不大可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。

（How） I/sb wish (that)从句：

①表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语用did/were。

②表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语用had done。

③表示对将来情况虚拟，从句谓语用“would/could+do”。

例：I wish it were spring all the year around. 我希望一整年都是春天。

I feel so sick. I wish Mum hadn’t forced me (没有逼我) to eat so much. (force) (2008年湖北卷) 我感觉很恶心，要是我妈妈没有逼我吃那么多就好了。

I wish it would stop raining. 我希望雨能停下。

2．用在表示“建议，要求，命令”等含义的动词后的宾语从句中时，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”， should可以省略。常见的这些动词可用如下方式记忆：

一个坚持：insist

二个命令：order, command

三个要求：require, request, demand

四个建议:suggest, advise, propose, recommend

I demand that he (should) answer me immediately. 我要求他立即回答我。

The doctor recommended that you (should) not swim after eating a large meal. 医生建议不要在饱餐后去游泳。

Mr Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention (should) be discussed at the meeting. (2010年湖北卷)约翰逊先生坚持认为这个问题有必要在大会上进行讨论。

注意 insist表示“坚决要求”时，谓语动词用“should+do”, 若表示“坚持认为”时，从句则用实际的时态。

He insisted that the theory was right. 他坚持认为那个理论是正确的。

三、虚拟语气用在同位语从句和表语从句中

在表示含有“建议，要求，命令”的名词的同位语从句和表语从句中，也用“should+动词原形”虚拟语气，should可以省略。常见的名词为：insistence, request, demand, order, command, suggestion, advice, proposal, recommendation等。

After circling around the earth for three days, Shenzhou Spaceship received the command from the ground that it (should) land (它着陆) as scheduled the next day. (2009年湖北卷) 围绕地球转了3天后，神舟飞船接到来自地面的要求，让他们按计划在第二天着陆。

Your advice that she (should) wait till next week is unreasonable, so she is wise not to take it. 你建议她等到下周很不合理，所以她很聪明没有听你的建议。

My proposal is that they (should) go to visit the World Expo. 我建议他们去参加世博会。

四、虚拟语气用在主语从句中

在句型“It is important/necessary/strange/natural/...that ...”中，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，表示“重要，奇怪，自然，必要”等意义。

It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules. 每个成员都应该提醒自己遵守规则。

It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once. 他有必要立即过去。

以下句型也用此结构：

It is/will be decided/desired/ordered/required/requested/proposed/that ... (should) + do ...

It is required in some colleges that lights in students’ dorms (should) be switched off by 11 o’clock. 有些大学里要求学生宿舍每晚11点之前关灯。

五、虚拟语气用在习惯句型中

1. 在as if/though引导的从句中，通常用虚拟语气。其动词形式的判断要通过与主句动词的比较而定：若as if/though 从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所表达的动作同时发生，则从句动词用过去时；若先于主句谓语动作，则用过去完成时；若后于主句谓语动作，则用would+do。

He speaks as if he were an expert. 他说起来像个专家。

They talked as if they had been good friends for years. 他们像多年的老朋友一样交谈。

He learns English so hard as if he would go to the USA. 他学英语非常认真，好像要去美国似的。

注意 as if/though引导的从句不一定都用虚拟语气，若其情况真实性、可能性大，则用实际时态。

Look, the dark clouds! It looks as if it is going to rain. 看，乌云！好像要下雨了。

2. 用在It is (about/ high) time that ... 从句中，表“该做……的时候了”，其动词形式用一般过去时或“should + do原形”(should不可省略)。

It is (about/high) time that he picked up his daughter/should pick up his daughter. 是时候去接他的女儿了。

3. 用在would rather 后面所接从句中，若表示现在或将来要做的事，从句谓语用一般过去时；表示过去已经做的事，则用过去完成时。

I’m sure you would rather went to school by bus every day, wouldn’t you? 我确定你每天乘坐公交车去学校，对吗？

I’d rather (that) you had attended the meeting.我希望你当时来参加会议了。

I’d rather (that) you came on Friday. 我希望你周五过来。

4. 用在if only ... 感叹句中，表示“要是……就好了”，其虚拟语气的用法与wish宾语从句的用法相同。

If only I had taken his advice. 如果当时我听了他的建议就好了。

If only I were a flying bird. 如果我是一只会飞的小鸟就好了。

5. 用在句型“Were it not for .../Had it not been for ...”中，表示“要不是因为……”，for表示“因为”，该句型分别由以下句式转变而来：

If it were not for .../If it had not been for ...

Were it not for the rain, the crops would die. (与现在情况相反)要不是因为下雨，那些庄稼就死了。

Had it not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the task. (与过去情况相反) 要不是有你的帮助，我们无法完成任务。

【练习】

1. George is going to talk about the geography of this country, but I’d rather he_______________(更多关注) its culture. (focus)

2. But for the accident of nuclear power station in Japan, the world_______________(不会意识到) the importance of nuclear safety. (aware)

3. Had it not been for his help, we_______________不可能完成) the project in time. (complete) (2010年武汉9月起点考试)

4. Our English teacher suggested we each_______________(买一本好字典). (buy) (2010年武汉11月联考)

5. Had you worked harder, you (就不会失败) in the competition. (fail)

6. Her father gave her advice on learning English_______________(她用英语) as much as possible. (use) (2011年武汉2月调考)

7. Noisy as it is, he is reading attentively as if______________(没事在发生). (happen) (2011年武汉4月调考)

8. My demand is that the information referred to in my report______________(用邮件发) to Mr Smith without delay. (e-mail)

9. I was occupied with the writing competition then. If only I_______________（能够帮助）Mum with some homework. (help)

10. Should_______________ (他来这儿) next week, he would manage to have his own way. (turn)

11. If the boy had not been drowned five years ago, he (会正在上学) now. (attend)

12. Were_______________ (下雨) tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. (rain)

13. With a little more care you _______________(能避免) this traffic accident. (avoid)

14. It is high time that we_______________(采取措施) protect the environment. (measure)

15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______________(断了). (break)

【参考答案】

1. focused more on

2. wouldn’t be/have become aware of

3. couldn’t have completed

4. (should) buy a good dictionary

5. wouldn’t have failed

6. that she (should) use it

7. nothing were/was happening

8. (should) be e-mailed

9. could have helped

10. he turn up here

11. would be attending school

12. it to rain

13. would/could have avoided

14. took measures to/should take measures to

10.if的虚拟语气用法总结 篇十

1.(表示条件)如果 ,主句用将来时,if从句用现在时表示将来

He will come if you invite him.

如果你请他,他会来的.

2.(表示虚拟)假如,要是

时态：可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况.它的基本特点是时态退后.

a.同现在事实相反的假设.

句型 ：条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形

If they were here,they would help you.

b.表示于过去事实相反的假设.

句型：条件从句 主句

过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词

If she had worked harder,she would have succeeded.

c.表示对将来的假想

句型：条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should+ 动词原形

were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形

should+ 动词原形

If you succeeded,everything would be all right.

3.是否 = whether 连接宾语从句

I wonder if she is ill.

11.北京高考英语不考虚拟语气 篇十一

本报讯 昨天，20北京高考各科考试说明开始发放。有关的高考专家通读今年的新高考说明后指出，今年各科试卷总体与去年保持稳定，但各科还是有一些变化，尤其表现在语文和英语科目上，其中英语首次剔除了学生最为头疼的虚拟语气。

“在今年高考考试说明的附录中，增添了语法项目表。值得一提的是，虚拟语气没有被列入到这个项目表中。”高考英语教学专家说，“这说明英语教学要求不再注重纯粹的语法，而更注重实际应用了。”专家们指出，纯粹的虚拟语气语法教学，对中国学生来说掌握起来确实很难，“但虚拟语气不可能真正取消，而是演化成一种习惯用法进行考察。”(邓兴军)

12.虚拟语气大集合等 篇十二

1 If I had enough time，I would pay a visit to Xinjiang.

[If引导的条件校语从句中的虚拟语气]

2 Had I refused your help，I would have made a big mistake．[If条件从句中虚拟语气的倒装]

3．He reminded her twice of it in case/for fear that she shouldforget．[in case/for fear that 引导的条件状语从句中的虚拟语气]

4 How 1 wish I could attend your wedding ceremony!

[wish后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气]

5．I would rather you hadn't told me the truth．

[would rather后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气]

6 She felt as though Mike were a member of her own Family.[as if/though引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气]

7 My suggestion is that we(should)leave as soon as possible.[表示“建议／命令／要求”的名词性从句中的虚拟语气]

8，He could have passed the test，but he wasn't careful Enough．[隐藏条件的含蓄条件句，主句采用虚拟语气]

9 It is time that we were／should be off． [It is (high)time that...定语从句中的虚拟语气]

10．If Only I had listened to your advice

[If only引起省略了主句的虚拟语气条件句]

征服英语的33条军规(连载六)

15To remember the new words and phrases you've learned，carry a small notebook to record and review the new materials.

要记住学过的新单词和短语，随身携带一个笔记本，记录和复习新的材料。

16. Collect English learning material everywhere!

English magazines and newspapers are great choices. Writing down sentences while watching American

movies is another great source of real-life learning material!

到处搜集英语学习材料!

英语杂志和报纸都是非常好的选择。此外还有个好方法可搜集到活生生的学习材料：看美国电影的时候写下其中的句子!

17. Any spare moment can be a great opportunity to exercise your English skills.

One minute is enough to read a sentence 20 times. Remember, one minute can also produce miracles

Never say that you don't have enough time to learn English!

任何零碎时间都是训练英语技能的好机会!

13.英语语法虚拟语气在从句中的使用 篇十三

在It is (high, about)time(that)…句型中，that引导的定语从句中的谓语常用一般过去时来构成虚拟语气。

例：It’s about time that we put an end to this controversy.

现在该是我们停止这场争论的时候了。

例：It is time we went to bed.

我们该去睡觉了。

二、虚拟语气用于if only 引导的从句中

在if only引导的从句中，谓语动词须采用虚拟语气，其用法与wish后宾语从句的用法基本相同，表示“但愿”，“要是…就好了”的意思。

例：If only I knew what you wanted.

要是我知道你需要什么就好了。

例：If only he had arrived in time,he would not have been punished.

他要是准时到达就好了。

经典练习：

1、It’s already six o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time____?

A)we are going home

B)we go home

C)we went home

D)we can go home

2、If only the committee____the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.

A)approve

B)will approve

C)can approve

D)would approve

3、It’s necessary____the dictionary immediately.

A)that he will return

B)that he returned

C)that he return

D)that he has to return

4、She must have had an accident, or he____then.

A)would have been here

B)had to be here

C)should be here

D)would be here

5、I apologize if I ____you, but I assure you it was unintentional.

A)offended

B)had offended

C)should have offended

D)might have offended

解析：

1、答案选C)。在it’s about time that…..句型中，定语从句的谓语动词应用过去时来表示虚拟语气。所以C项是正确的。

2、答案选D)。if only表示一种愿望，谓语用“would+动词原形”表示对将来事实的愿望，所以D是正确的。

3、答案选C)。在由it is necessary 等引导的主语从句要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或动词原形。

4、答案选A)。由or引出的是与事实相反的假设条件，因此空缺处应填入表示虚拟语气的谓语动词。前一个分句中表示的是过去的时间，所以后一分句要用would have done的形式。所以A是正确的。

14.虚拟语气倒装的用法 篇十四

Were I Tom，I would refuse.

如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。

Should it be necessary，I would go.

假若有必要，我会去的。

Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time.

若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。

Should he agree to go there，we would send him there.

要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去了。

Were she here，she would agree with us.

15.虚拟语气中级大盘点 篇十五

If引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

对于这类虚拟语气，要“记住基本形式，掌握特殊情况”。下表是此类虚拟语气的谓语动词的基本形式，只要记住此表，虚拟语气就掌握了一半。

另外，同学们需要注意以下三种特殊情况：错综时间条件句、倒装虚拟句及含蓄条件句。

1. 对于错综时间条件句，可根据口诀记忆：错综条件句，主从时间异，分开来处理，寻找对应式。如：

If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.

此例中，从句表示过去，而主句表示现在。因此，从句的谓语动词使用与过去事实相反的形式had done，而主句谓语动词使用与现在事实相反的形式would do。

2. 对于if倒装虚拟句，如果if条件句中包含助动词were/had/should，可省略if，把were/had/should提到句首，变为倒装句式。如：

If I were at school again, I would study harder. → Were I at school again, I would study harder.

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. → Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

需要注意的是，提到句首的词不能使用其否定缩略形式。比如：“Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.”是对的，而“Weren't it for the expense, I would go abroad now.”是错的。

总结if倒装虚拟句的用法，可描述为：倒装虚拟句，省去引导词(if)，提前were/had/should，否定不缩略。

3. 含蓄条件句中的条件是隐含的，并不是明显的if从句。在含蓄条件句中，常常用介词(短语)如with、without、but for，连词or、but和副词otherwise等来代替if从句。因此，此类条件句没有从句，只有主句，需根据题意判断主句表示的虚拟时间，再选择相应的谓语形式，其用法可总结为：含蓄条件，舍从留主，根据时间，定其谓语。如：

What would you do with a million dollars? (与将来事实相反，用would do；with短语= if you had a million dollars)

We couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (与过去事实相反，用could have done；without短语= if we hadn't got your help)

But for the rain, we would have finished the work. (与过去事实相反，用would have done；but for短语= if it hadn't been for the rain)

需要注意的是，使用or、but、otherwise时，两句话中有一句是虚拟语气，另一句为客观事实，具体表现为：but前一句用虚拟，而or/otherwise后一句用虚拟。

I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet. (与过去事实相反)

He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. (与过去事实相反)

He would have put on weight, but he didn't eat much. (与过去事实相反)

【高考链接】

例1：If he ______ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. (2010年湖南卷)

A. followed B. should follow

C. had followedD. would follow

解析：C。这是一个基本的非真实条件句。根据主句中wouldn't have lost可知，if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用had done的形式，选C。

例2：It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (2002年上海卷)

A. wouldn't have fallenB. had not fallen

C. should fall D. were to fall

解析：B。本句是错综时间的虚拟语气，imagine后的宾语从句what I would be doing today是对现在的虚拟，而if引导的从句根据at the age of seven可知是对过去的虚拟，故用had done的形式，选B。

例3：But for their help, we _________ the program in time. (2009年安徽卷)

A. can not finish

B. will not finish

C. had not finished

D. could not have finished

解析：D。这是含蓄条件句。But for短语在题中相当于if it hadn't been for their help,是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句中应用“would/could/might + have done”结构，故选D。

例4： Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______. (2010年浙江卷)

A. would have been saved

B. had been saved

C. will be savedD. was saved

解析：A。根据句子的倒装特征可知，此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，可还原为：“If I had known about this computer program, ...”从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句应用would/could/might + have done的形式，故选A。

“情态动词+ have done”表责备

这是高考热点之一，常见的结构有：

1. needn't have done表示做了不必做的事，相当于didn't need to do。如：

There was plenty of time. She needn't have hurried.

2. should/ought to have done表示应该做某事但实际上未做。如：

I should have planned everything ahead carefully.

3. should not/ought not to have done表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了。如：

You shouldn't/oughtn't to have been resting at that time of day.

4. could/might have done表示过去本来可以做但却未做。如：

—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.

—Oh, did you? You could have stayed with Barbara.

【高考链接】

例5：I _________ have watched that movie—It'll give me horrible dreams. (2010年山东卷)

A. shouldn'tB. needn't

C. couldn't D. mustn't

解析：A。题干的意思是：“我不该看那部电影——它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做但却做了某事”应该用shouldn't have done，故选A。其他选项均不符合题意。

虚拟标志词

若句子中有以下这些词，需要考虑使用虚拟语气。这些单词或短语可分为以下几种：

1. 表愿望的wish。Wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词构成形式为：did/were表现在，had done表过去，could/would/might do表将来。如：

How I wish (that) it weren't raining now.

I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.

I wish (that) I could be an artist in the future.

2. 表示建议、命令、决定等词。这类词语之后的that从句中需使用虚拟语气“(should) +动词原形”，should可省略。这类词又可分为以下三种：

① 动词。主要包括：一坚持(insist)，二命令(command/order)，三建议(suggest/recommend/advise)，四要求(require/request/demand/desire)等。虚拟语气常用于这类动词后的宾语从句中，如：

He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.

They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.

需要注意的是，当suggest表“暗示，表明”之意、insist表示“坚持认为”之意时，不用虚拟语气，应用陈述语气。如：

The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.

The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.

② 形容词。主要包括：一不可能(impossible)，二重要(important/essential)，三必须(necessary/imperative/obligatory)，五合适(advisable/desirable/appropriate/fitting/proper)等。虚拟语气常用于这类形容词后的主语从句中，如：

It is essential that all the facts (should) be examined first.

It is necessary that he (should) come back without delay.

③ 名词。主要包括：一说明(instruction)，一决定(decision)，二建议(advice/suggestion)，三要求(order/requirement/demand)等。虚拟语气常用于这类名词后的同位语从句或主语从句中，如：

The board has given instructions that the agent (should) fly to Boston.

Your advice that she (should) wait till next week is reasonable.

Their decision was that the school remain closed.

3. 表意愿的would rather。Would rather后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气，其表现形式为：did/were表现在和将来，had done表过去。如：

I would rather they didn't hear of the news.

He didn't attend the meeting. I would rather he had been present.

4. 表示非真实的条件或让步的if only、as if (as though)、even if (even though)等。此类虚拟语气的表现形式为：did/were表现在和将来，had done表过去。如：

She speaks English as fluently as if she had studied English in America.

Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.

If only I were not so nervous.

【高考链接】

例6：Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss) (2010年湖北卷)

解析：空格处应填(should) be discussed。Insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气“(should) +动词原形”，又由于主语 problem与discuss之间是被动关系，故用(should) be discussed。

例7：George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he _________ more on its culture. (2010年江苏卷)

A. focus B. focused

C. would focusD. had focused

解析：B。Would rather后应用虚拟语气。分析题意可知，此题表示对将来的虚拟，故用谓语动词的过去时来表示，选B。

作者简介：

  连世华，甘肃省临泽一中教师，县级“教学能手”。