动词和动词词组练习题

动词和动词词组练习题（精选7篇）

1.动词和动词词组练习题 篇一

这节课我感受颇多，受益匪浅。

本节课主要通过听、读和写来学习一些新的单词，进一步掌握本课的句型。为了导入自然，让学生通过看图片复习前面所学习的动词词组，再加入进行时态的句子结构复习前面所学习的句型。这样不会显得突兀。比如我问：What is he doing? 看了图片，大多数学生能回答read.屏幕上此时出现read,再出现He is reading a book.经过前后对比学生很容易发现两者的变化，为后一步做了良好的铺垫。

当然，本堂课也存在一些不足之处。比如：1.学生在课堂上句型的操练较少。特别是在介词短语的操练上有点少，我忽略了介词短语这一重点内容，主要是教学目标没有掌握好。2.做听力时，也没有为学生做好听前准备。

通过与老师们的交流和学习我认识到一堂精彩，高效的课并不是看PPT做的多花哨，关键是看你如何去充分利用他们来启发学生，引导学生，从而达到想要的语言和知识目的。这样的教研活动，我觉得对自己教学上的成长是有很大帮助的，也希望以后能有更多的学习机会。

2.动词和动词词组练习题 篇二

一、动词考查热点

动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词,是高考考查的重点,无论是在单项填空还是在完形填空等题型中,动词辨析的比重都很大,并有逐年增加的趋势。考查动词辨析时,一是四个选项在结构上都是很相近的动词,要做好这类试题, 必须明确各个动词的词义和用法,然后根据题意需要选用合适的动词;二是不仅结构相同而且意义相近,即四个选项无论在意义上还是在结构上都是很相近的动词,面对这类试题,必须要从四个动词的语义差别、用法特点等入手才能选出符合题意的动词。

【典例1 】— How did you like Nick's performance last night ?

— To be honest, his singing didn't _______ to me much.

A. appeal B. belong

C. refer D. occur

解析: A 。四个动词都可以接to ,但意义不同。 appeal to意为“吸引”; belong to意为“属于”; refer to意为“提到”; occur to意为“突然想到”。根据语境应该选择appeal to 。

【典例2 】 The fact that she never apologized _______ a lot about what kind of person she is.

A. says B. talks

C. appears D. declares

解析: A 。 say意为“说明,表达,显示”; talk意为“谈论”; appear意为“出现”; declare意为 “宣布”。根据句意应该选择say 。

【考点归纳】

高考考查动词辨析主要有以下三个方面:

1. 词形相同:有的动词之间有相同的音节,但词义、搭配却不一定相同。

2词义相近:有的动词之间词义比较接近,很难区别,只有借助于上下文的句意才能把握。

3. 搭配相同:有的动词有相同的搭配和结构,但词义未必相同,有时只从句子的内容来看,几个选项似乎都合适,但只要从词的搭配上一看便知道答案。

【拓展例析】

【例 1 】— In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.

— I can't agree more. It's great to have the two _______.

A. linked B. related

C. connected D. combined

解析: D 。 have sth. done意为“使某事被做”。 A项意为“相联系的”; B项意为“有关的”; C项意为“相连接的”; D项意为“同时做,兼做”。只有D项符合题意。

【例 2 】 The good thing about children is that they _______ very easily to new environments.

A. adapt B. appeal

C. attach D. apply

解析: A 。本题四个动词都可以和介词to搭配。 adapt to意为“适应”; appeal to意为“呼吁, 使感兴趣”; attach to意为“粘贴”; apply to意为 “申请”。根据题意可知选A 。

【例 3 】 Her shoes _______ her dress; they look very well together.

A. suit B. fit

C. compare D. match

解析: D 。 suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等; fit多指大小、形状合适; match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配; compare意为“比较”,强调两者之间的对比。

二、动词短语考查热点

动词常与其他词类(多是介词和副词)搭配在一起,构成固定词组,称之为动词短语。一般动词短语可分为以下几类:

1.动词+介词

这类结构中的介词不能与动词分开,宾语只能放在介词之后。例如: agree with “同意…… 的意见,符合,一致”; ask for “请求,询问”; arrive at / in “到达”; begin with “以……开始”; come from “来自”; feel like “想要”; fall behind “落在……后面”; fall off “掉下”等。

【典例】 In modern times, people have to learn to _______ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.

A. keep with B. stay with

C. meet with D. live with

解析: D 。根据题意可知,应选择live with , 相当于put up with ,有“承受”的意思。

2.动词+副词

这类结构中若有宾语,则放在副词之前、 之后均可,但如果宾语为人称代词,则必须放在副词之前。如果宾语过长,则应放在副词之后。例如: eat up “吃光”; find out “找出,查明”; put off “推迟”; look out “当心”; come out “出版”; keep out “使不进入”等。

【典例1 】 Don ’ t worry. I'm sure your missing glasses will _______ sooner or later. ( 2015年湖北卷)

A. stand out B. break up

C. get out D. turn up

解析: D 。考查短语动词的用法。 stand out意为“突出”; break up意为“结束,破碎”; get out意为“出来”; turn up意为“出现,(尤指失去后偶然)被发现”。根据题意可知选D 。

【典例2 】 Thousands of people _______ to watch yesterday ’ s match against Ireland.

A. turned on B. turned in

C. turned around D. turned out

解析: D 。考查短语动词的用法。 turn out有 “外出”的意思; turn on意为“打开”; turn in意为 “归还”; turn around意为“转身”。只有turn out符合语境。

【典例3 】 Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he _______ his own work and translated it into German.

A. gave off B. turned down

C. took over D. set aside

解析: D 。 set aside意为“不顾,把……置于一旁”; give off意为“发出,放出”; turn down意为“拒绝”; take over意为“接收,接管”。根据句意可知选D 。

3.动词+副词+介词

这类结构中,介词的宾语不能置于介词之前。例如: be fed up with “厌倦”; catch up with “赶上”; go on with “继续”; get on with “与……相处” 等。

【典例1 】 Had she _______ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.

A. looked up to B. lived up to

C. kept up with D. come up with

解析: B 。 live up to意为“履行,实行”; look up to意为“抬头看,尊重”; keep up with意为“跟上,追上”; come up with意为“追赶上”。根据题意应该选B 。

【典例2 】— Have you _______ some new ideas?

— Yeah. I'll tell you later.

A. come about B. come into

C. come up with D. come out with

解析: C 。 come about意为“发生,产生”; come into意为“进入,继承,得到(遗产)”; come up with意为“想到,追赶上”; come out with意为 “说出”。根据题意应该选C 。

4.动词+名词+介词

常见短语有: take care of “照料,照顾”; make room for “给……腾出地方”; make friends with “与……交朋友”; play a joke on sb. “戏弄某人”; have a look at “看一看”; have a drink of “喝一点”; say goodbye to “告别”等。

【典例】 Unfortunately, not everyone has realized the important part the balance of nature _______ their daily life.

A. plays in B. playing

C. plays of D. to play in

解析: A 。本题解题的关键在于识别短语play an important part in... 其中宾语part作先行词,所以定语从句中缺少宾语,应用关系代词which / that引导定语从句,而且可以省略。

5.动词+反身代词+介词

常见短语 有 : help oneself to “ 随便吃 ……”; give oneself to “热心于”; occupy oneself with “忙于”; dress oneself in “穿着”; break oneself to “去掉……的习惯”; devote oneself to “专心 ,致力于 ,献身 ”; throw oneself to “ 投身于……”等。

【典例】 Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.

A. set up B. setting up

C. have set up D. having set up

解析: B 。本题考查固定短语devote oneself / sth. to意为“专心于,致力于,献身于……”,其中to为介词,所以选B 。

三、高考高频动词短语

1.动词+about

speak / talk about “谈论”; think about “思考”; care about “关心,对……有兴趣”; bring about “引起,使发生”; set about “着手,开始”; come about “ 发生 ”; hear about “ 听说 ”; worry about “为……担心”。

2.动词+away

throw away “扔掉”; blow away “吹走”; carry away “拿走,使入迷”; clear away “清除掉,消散”; die away “逐渐消失,减弱”; pass away “去世”; wash away “冲走”; take away “拿走,使消失”; put away “收拾起来,存起来”; give away “背弃,泄漏”; wear away “磨掉,消耗”; break away “ 摆脱 ”; send away “ 遣散 ,赶走 ”; turn away “把……打发走”。

3.动词+back

keep back “隐瞒,忍住”; look back(on) “回顾”; hold back “控制住”; give back “归还”; call back “回电话”; take back “拿回,收回”。

4.动词+for

run for “竞选”; ask for “要求得到”; wait for “等候”; stand for “代表,表示”; long for “渴望”; hope / wish for “希望得到”; care for “关心,喜欢”; beg for “乞求”; search for “查找”; look for “寻找”; call for “需要,要求”; hunt for “寻找”; change...for “用……换”; charge...for “收费,要价”; apply for “申请”; take...for “误以为…… 是”; seek for “寻找”; come for “来拿,来取”。

5.动词+down

burn down “烧毁”; break down “坏了,分解”; take down “记下,记录”; turn down “调小,拒绝”; cut down “削减,砍倒”; slow down “慢下来”; pass down “传下来”; put down “记下,写下”; calm down “平静下来”; bring down “使…… 降低,使倒下”; settle down “安家”; come down “下落,传下”; tear down “拆毁,拆除”。

6.动词+at

come at “向……袭击”; shout at “冲 ( 某人 ) 嚷嚷”; run at “冲向,向……攻击”; work at “干…… 活动 ( 研究 ) ”; tear at “用力撕”; look at “看,注视”; stare at “凝视”; glare at “怒视”; glance at “匆匆一瞥”; laugh at “嘲笑”; knock at “敲 ( 门、窗等 ) ”; point at “指向”; smile at “冲 ( 某人 ) 笑”; strike at “向……打击”; aim at “向……瞄准”; shoot at “向……射击”; wonder at “惊讶”; call at “拜访 ( 地点 ) ”。

7.动词+from

differ from “ 与 …… 不同 ”; suffer from “ 受 ……苦”; hear from “收到……来信”; die from “因……而死”; keep / stop / prevent...from “阻止……”; learn from “向……学习”; result from “由于”; date from “始于……时期”; separate...from “把……分离开”。

8.动词+of

think of “想到”; dream of “梦到”; consist of “由……组成”; speak of “谈到”; approve of “赞成”; die of “死于”; talk of “谈到”; hear of “听说”; complain of “抱怨”。

9.动词+off

start off “出发”; set off “出发”; leave off “中断”; show off “炫耀”; get off “下车”; take off “脱下,起飞”; see off “送行”; ring off “挂断电话”; put off “延期,推迟”; come off “脱落,褪色”; cut off “切断,断绝”; fall off “跌落,掉下”; keep off “避开,勿走近”; go off “消失”; break off “打断”; pay off “还清”; carry off “带走,获得”; get off “脱下 ( 衣服等 ) ”; give off “散发出”; turn (switch) off “关掉”。

10.动词+on

depend on “依靠”; rely on “依靠”; insist on “坚持”; carry on “继续,进行”; keep / go on “继续”; spend...on “在……花钱”; put on “穿上,上演”; call on “拜访”; move on “继续移动,往前走”; live on “以……为生”; feed on “以……为生”; bring on “使……发展”; take on “雇用,呈现 ( 新面貌等 ) ”; try on “试穿”; have on “穿着”; pass on “ 传授 ,传递 ”; look on “ 旁观 ”; turn (switch) on “打开”。

11.动词+out

break out “爆发”; point out “指出”; pick out “选出”; figure out “算出,理解”; burst out “进发”; bring out “阐明,使表现出”; carry out “执行,进行”; help out “救助”; hold out “坚持下去”; set out “出发,着手,摆放”; wear out “穿破, 使……疲劳”; turn out “结果是”; make out “理解,看清楚”; come out “出版,出来”; cross out “划掉”; leave out “省略,删掉”; keep out (of) “使不进入,挡住”; work out “算出”; find out “查出, 弄明白”; give out “散发,分发”; try out “试用, 试验”; look out “当心,提防”; put out “扑灭”; speak out “大胆讲出”; hand out “散发”; send out “发出,派遣”; run out “用完”; go out “熄灭”; let out “泄漏,发出 ( 声音 ) ”; die out “灭绝”。

12.动词+in

give in “让步”; hand in “上交”; bring in “引进,使得到收入”; drop in “拜访”; result in “导致”; succeed in “在……获得成功”; join in “参加”; take in “接纳,吸收”; get in “收获,进入”; break in “强制进入,插话”; fill in “填写”; call in “召集,来访”; cut in “插入”; persist in “坚持”; look in “来访,参观”。

13.动词+into

look into “研究,调查”; turn into “变成”; burst into “闯入”; divide...into “把……分成”; change ... into “把……变成”; put / translate...into “把……译成”; run into “碰到”。

14.动词+over

turn over “翻倒,细想”; think over “仔细考虑”; go over “审阅,检查”; look over “翻阅,检查”; get over “克服”; take over “接管,接替”; watch over “看守,照看”; fall over “跌倒,摔倒”; roll over “翻滚”。

15.动词+to

belong to “属于”; object to “反对”; refer to “谈到,涉及”; point to “指向”; turn to “向…… 求助”; stick / hold / keep to “坚持,忠于”; see to “负责,照料”; come to “共计,苏醒”; reply to “答复”; get to “到达”; bring to “使苏醒,把…… 比作”; compare...to “与……相比,把……比作”; agree to “同意”; supply...to “为……提供”; lead to “导致,通向”; add to “增加”; attend to “处理,照料”; devote...to “贡献……给”。

16.动词+up

grow up “成长,长大”; give up “放弃,献出”; build up “建立”; set up “架起,建立”; put up “搭起,张贴”; do up “整理,包装,打扮”; go up “增长,上涨”; pick up “拾起,学会”; bring up “抚养,呕吐,提出,出现”; stay up “挺住,熬夜”; take up “开始学,从事”; sit up “熬夜”; eat up “吃完”; use up “用完”; tear up “撕碎”; lay up “储存”; make up “构成,组成,编造,弥补”; cut up “切碎”; join up “联结起来,参军”; come up “上来,长出,出现”; throw up “呕吐”; clear up “整理,收拾”; look up “查找,找出”; burn up “烧毁”; catch up “赶上”; hurry up “赶快”; fix up “修理,安排”; keep up “保持”; hold up “耽搁,使停顿”; send up “发射”; ring up “打电话”; divide up “分配”; break up “分解”。

17.动词+through

get through “通过,接通电话”; look through “翻阅,细查看”; go through “审阅,检查”; put ... through “接通电话”; see through “识破”; check through “核对”。

18.动词+with

deal with “处理,对付”; do with “处理,需要”; meet with “遇到,遭受”; talk with “同……交谈”; agree with “同意,与……一致”; compare with “与……相比”; combine with “与……相联合”; equip ... with “以……装备”; cover ... with “ 用……覆盖”; begin with “以……开始”; end with “ 以 …… 结束 ”; supply...with “ 以 …… 供给”; provide...with “以……供给”; play with “玩, 玩弄”。

19.三词及以上的短语动词

add up to “总计”; break away from “摆脱”; keep away from “避开,别靠近”; do away with “废除”; look down on “轻视”; look up to “仰望, 尊敬”; put up with “忍受”; catch up with “赶上”; keep up with “赶上”; run out of “用完”; make up for “弥补”; go on with “继续”; get on (along) with “和……相处”; look forward to “盼望”; get close to “接近”; take hold of “握住”; get out of “逃避,避免”; get down to “着手处理”; set fire to “放火烧”; pay attention to “注意”; take notice of “注意”; set an example to “以…… 为榜样”; do well in “在……干得好”; pay a visit to “访问”; take a photo of “拍……照片”; take the place of “取代”。

四、强化训练

(一)选择单词并用其适当形式填空。

open, remind, negotiate, fail, accumulate, reserve, limit, earn, order, deny

1. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to________.

2. If you don't like the drink you ________ just leave it and try a different one.

3. Mary, I ________ John of his promise to help you.

4. Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also ________ our thinking.

5. The minister said, “ We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we ’ ll never ________ with criminals. ”

6. Clinical evidence began to ________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.

7. —Are you still mad at her?

—Not really, but I can't ________ that her remarks hurt me.

8. I ’ d prefer to ________ my judgment until I find all the evidence.

9. You are old enough to ________ your own living.

10. I ________ a bank account after I made $ 1,000 by doing a part time job during the summer vacation

(二)选择短语并用其适当形式填空。

take on, bring up, turn down, go over, come across, put up, care about, look up, put up with, speed up, bring down, work out

1. I can __________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.

2. The government has taken measures to __________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.

3. They are broadening the bridge to _________ the flow of traffic.

4. You can't predict everything. Often things don't __________ as you expect.

5. —You look upset. What's the matter?

—I had my proposal __________ again.

6. If you __________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.

7. He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of __________ at a hotel for the night.

8. Born into a family with three brothers, David was __________ to value the sense of sharing.

9. To get a better grade, you should __________ the notes again before the test.

10. I often __________ the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.

11. She __________ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.

12. Some insects __________ the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.

(三)短文填空。阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A

A man1(recognize) as a genius in business circles was invited as an honor guest to a TV interview. Everybody was eager2(hear) a success story from him. He, however, only said with a slight smile, “ Wouldn't it be better for me to ask you3advice on a certain problem? ”

Here is the problem he raised :“ People all rushed to the place4a gold mine had recently been discovered but they were blocked by a river5(flow) across the only way to it. What would you do if you were among them? ”

“ Make a roundabout ( 绕行的 ) way, ” someone suggested.

“ Swim across, ” said another.

The genius smiled6a word. Then he gave his view. “ Why not do7else instead of rushing to the mine? How about buying a boat to do some ferrying ( 摆渡 )? ”

The audience was8(shock). He explained calmly, “ The man could make a great amount of money from the passengers. They were willing to pay for the ferry9there was gold on the other bank. ”

Do what others have not thought to do or something never attempted before — that is the key to success. A difficult circumstance, in the eyes of a wise man, often10(mean) a potential chance for success.

B

What would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up.1, the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick2your goal. On your way to success, you3keep your direction. It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and4(help) you overcome obstacles on your way.5, you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead.

Direction means objectives. You can get nowhere6an objective in life.

You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve7. Only in this way8you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time9(proper). And you should also have a belief10you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.

参考答案与部分解析:

(一) 1. fail 2. ordered 3. reminded 4. limit 5. negotiate 6. accumulate 7. deny 8. reserve 9. earn 10. opened

(二) 1. put up with 2. bring down 3. speed up 4. work out 5. turned down 6. care about 7. putting up 8. brought up 9. go over 10. look up 11. came across 12. take on

(三)短文填空

A

1. recognized 。该句子后面有谓语动词was invited ,故空格处应填非谓语动词形式。根据其与逻辑主语的关系可知,此处表示被动,应填过去分词形式,意思是“被认为是天才的一个人”。

2. to hear 。 be eager to do是固定短语,故填不定式形式。

3. for 。 ask sb. for sth. 是固定搭配,意思是 “向某人索要 / 请求某物”。

4. where 。考查关系副词引导定语从句的用法。先行词是地点名词,且从句结构完整,故应使用关系副词where引导。

5. flowing 。考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句子结构应填v ing形式作定语修饰a river, 表示主动,相当于一个定语从句which flows 。

6. without 。考查介词的用法。根据语境应填without ,本句意为“这位商业天才没说一句话, 只是笑了一笑。”

7. something 。考查不定代词的用法。由句意“为什么不做些别的事情呢?”可知,应填代词something 。

8. shocked 。此处作表语,应使用形容词形式 ,并且表示“(某人)感到震惊 的 ”,故用shocked 。

9. because 。考查从属连词的用法。前后分句明显有因果关系,应填表示原因的从属连词,故填because 。

10. means 。该句缺少谓语, in the eyes of a wise man是插入语,根据often判断用一般现在时,再根据主语A difficult circumstance判断应使用mean的单数第三人称形式,故填means 。

B

1. However 。与前句是转折关系,空格前后都有标点,故填副词however 。

2. to 。 stick to意为“坚持”,是固定搭配。

3. must 。由语境不难揣摸出作者的语气。

4. helping 。与guiding并列,一起补充说明a lamp ,故用现在分词形式。

5. Otherwise 。由本句与前句的逻辑关系可知,应填otherwise意为“否则”。

6. without 。句意为:人生如果没有目标,你将一事无成。

7. it 。 it指代前文中的your objective 。

8. will / can 。这是一个部分倒装句。

9. properly 。修饰动词spend ,作状语用副词。

3.情态动词专项练习 篇三

1. You ____ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing.

A. neednt have washedB. shouldnt have washed

C. must not have washedD. can not have washed

2. Johns score on the test is the highest in the class; he ____ last night.

A. should study B. should have studied

C. must have studiedD. must have to study

3. The room is in a terrible mess; it ____ cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6.)

A. cant have beenB. shouldnt have been

C. mustnt have been D. wouldnt have been

4. Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.

A. must have sailedB. can sail

C. might have sailedD. should have sailed

5. Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ____ in her classroom.

A. should have beenB. must have been

C. must beD. should be

6. Bob said he was going to join our club but he didnt. He ____ his mind.

A. cant have changedB. wouldnt have changed

C. must have changedD. shouldnt have changed

7. You ____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.

A. neednt goB. had better not go

C. should not goD. neednt have gone

8. We ____ the letter yesterday, but it didnt arrive.

A. must receiveB. ought to receive

C. must have receivedD. ought to have received

9. With all the work on hand, he ____ to the cinema last night.

A. mustnt goB. shouldnt have gone

C. could not goD. couldnt have gone

10. Eve was late for class again. She ____ earlier.

A. should get upB. must get up

C. need to get upD. should have got up

11. I am feeling sick. I ____ so much chocolate.

A. neednt have eaten B. couldnt have eaten

C. mustnt have eaten D. shouldnt have eaten

12. I didnt send out my application form last week, but I ____.

A. had B. would doC. should haveD. might have to

13. Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he ____ Tom to go with him.

A. might have askedB. should asked

C. must have asked D. should have asked

14. When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I ____ there earlier.

A. ought to getB. ought to have got

C. must have gotD. must get

15. The road was muddy. It ____ last night.

A. must rainedB. must have rained

C. must be rainedD. could have rained

16. She can speak quite fluent English. She ____.

A. must been in the U.S.A. for some time

B. must have been in the U.S.A. for some time

C. should have been in the U.S.A. for some time

D. may be in the U.S.A. for some time

17. You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he ____.

A. was used to beB. used to be

C. was used toD. use to

18. ——We didnt see him at the exhibition yesterday.

——He ____ it.

A. mustnt visitB. cant have visited

C. should have gone to seeD. may see

19. Mary ____ my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.

A. should have received B. has received

C. couldnt have receivedD. ought to have received

20. I ____ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.

A. would have liked to giveB. liked to give

C. have liked to giveD. would like to give

21. ——Where ____ my umbrella?

——Somebody ____ it away by mistake.

A. is, must have takenB. is, must take

C. have been, must takeD. is, takes

22. What ____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?

A. will you supposeB. you suppose

C. do you supposeD. you would suppose

23. Two eyes ____ see more than one.

A. canB. mayC. willD. should

24. ____ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater suc-cesses.

A. WouldB. WillC. MayD. Should

25. We ought to help each other in our work, ____?

A. oughtnt weB. should weC. shouldnt weD. ought to we

26. Tom ____ better than to ask Dick for help.

A. shall knowB. shouldnt know

C. has knownD. should have known

27. You ____ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.

A. had better gotB. had to get better

C. had better to getD. had better get

28. When we got to the cinema, the film hasnt started yet, so we ____.

A. neednt hurryB. didnt need hurry

C. neednt to hurryD. neednt have hurried

29. It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously.

A. might have injuredB. could injure

C. should have injuredD. must injure

30. As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.

A. needn't B. may not C. mustn'tD. can't

31. An Englishman who ____ not speak Italian was once traveling in

Italy.

A. mustB. couldC. may D. might

32. I ____ like to make a suggestion.

A. could B. would C. must D. might

33. I know things are hard with you, but you ____ try to get over the difficulties.

A. can B. may C. must D. ought

34. I can't find the recorder in the room. It ____ by somebody.

A. may have been taken away B. may leave

C. may take away D. must have taken away

35. He ____ the 9:20 train because he didn't leave home till 9:25.

A. can reach B. could catch

C. may not catch D. couldn't have caught

4.动词和动词词组练习题 篇四

take a seat 就坐

take a shower 淋浴，洗澡

take aim 瞄准，设立目标

take away 拿走，减去;夺去

take ~~ by surprise 出奇制胜

take one’s place 就坐，入坐

take care of 当心;照顾;提防;谨慎;处理，对付;负责

take office 就职，上任

take...for 把~当作

take off 脱去;离开;起飞;模仿;起程;致死

take one’s temperature 量体温

take part in 参与，参加

take it easy 别着急，慢慢来

take place = happen 发生，举行

take the place of 代替

take pride in 以~~为荣，对~~骄傲

5.动词和动词词组练习题 篇五

come along 一道来，陪伴;进步，进展;出现

come at 达到，求得，得到;扑向，袭击

come back 回来;恢复，复原

come down 倒下;降落;跌落;病倒

come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于

come in 进来，进入;流行起来;获名次

come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成

come into power 开始执政，当权，当选

come into use 开始使用，获得应用

come on 上演;开始;赶快;发展;登台;(问题)被提出

come to know 开始了解到

come out 出来，传出;出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露

come to 苏醒，复原;共计;达到;归结于

come to an end 终止，结束

come true 实现，成为现实;证实

come up 走近;上楼;长出，发芽

托福口语机经预测

口语

Task 1What are the benefits of talking to older family members?

Task 2When things at home such as furniture or electrical appliances are broken, some

people prefer to have them repaired in a shop, while others prefer to fix them at home.

Which do you prefer and why?

Task 3

【学校通知】:校报登了封信,说要对学校大礼堂(auditorium)整修,首先要改进音响系统,然后引入online tickets system

【学生意见】:听力里.意。第一学校礼堂音响系统确实非常烂,她有时候自己组织读诗会,学校麦克风经常不work。第二,online systems 也非常有效,能解决问题她自己很难找出合适的时间去现场买票,大礼堂离教室非常远,有时买票队伍很长。

Task 4

【名词解释】一种商业竞争策略fighting brand。大公司推出价格便宜的子品牌跟小公司竞争。

【讲座举例】听力中例子company A 生产digital camera,口碑很好,大家都乐意买。有小公司B 生产similar digital camera,但是价格便宜,大家觉得这也是个不错的deal。大公司司A 为了保住市场份额,推出一个牌子,价钱便宜质量一般,跟B 公司竞争。因为人们对公司A 公司熟悉所以买公司A 子品牌的东西,逐渐不买公司B 的。

Task 5

【学生问题】男学生住的地方离楼梯近,晚上噪音大,他睡不好觉,上课精神不能集中。

【解决建议】方案1:搬到其他dorm。这个立刻可以搬问题除了噪音之外他非常喜欢现在住的地方有很多好朋友,离图书馆非常近。方案2:搬到其他房间(同楼的另一间远离楼梯的宿舍) ,不离开这个dorm,问题是要等到学期末

Task 6

【讲座主旨】一种鸟到其他鸟巢里(host bird 的巢里)产卵,其他鸟(host bird)有两种对策去防止这种鸟来产蛋。

【讲座例子】第一是改变生活习惯,不让那种鸟接近给的例子有种鸟当产蛋鸟过来时就改变行为花非常多的时间去保护他的巢,当产蛋鸟再接近时他就把鸟赶走。第二种是下特别的蛋,有独特的大小和颜色, 下特别的蛋:有独特的大小和颜色,一眼就能和某鸟的蛋区分开,一旦发现某鸟的蛋就把它们推出巢外。

托福口语机经预测

Task 2:

1. Your school is planning to ban library computers from accessing social media websites. Do you agree or disagree with such a plan?

2. Do you agree or disagree with the statement that people should be fined for checking or looking at their cellphones when walking in streets and crossing roads?

3. Do you agree or disagree that it is important for young people to learn skills like cooking, sewing and caring for others?

4. Do you agree or disagree that government should ban violence and dirty words in TV programs?

5. Which would you prefer: start a project as early as possible or wait until the deadline?

6. Do you think it is a good thing or not to change one’s appearance through plastic surgery?

7. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? it’s impolite to make calls or send text messages on a dinner table. explain in details.

8. Your community has received a large amount of donation, should it be used to construct a playground for children or build a garden for the community?

9. Agree or disagree: when reaching 65 years old, people should not be allowed to work any more.

10. Agree or disagree: if children do well in school, parents should give them money as rewards.

11. Some people prefer to make plans about social activities with their friends in advance. Others prefer to make decisions when they meet each other. Which way do you prefer and why?

12. If you have a misunderstanding with your friend, do you prefer talking it out in a public place or in a private place?

13. Agree or disagree：children are leading much easier lives than adults.

14. Some people believe technology has brought people closer and others believe that technology actually isolate people, which one do you agree with? Explain why.

15. Some people prefer jobs working with computers or other technology; others like jobs working with no such technology. Which do you think is better and why?

16. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? University students who are caught cheating in exams should be asked to leave school.

17. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the future, people will read fewer books than they do today.

18. Some people think in the future students will have classes on the Internet in stead of in a building, but some think students will still have classes in a building. What do you think?

19. Some answer the phone and text a message in the middle of the conversation. What do you think of this behavior, good or bad?

20. Do you think that big cities should ban the use of private cars?

托福口语机经预测

? In every culture there are some customs or traditions from the past those young people no longer follow. Describe a custom or tradition form the past that is no longer common but that you wish still popular today. Give specific reasons why you wish that still popular.

? Which of the following ways is the best in getting to know Italian culture.

① watching Italian movies ② leaning Italian cooking ③ attending Italian lectures or classes

☆ Your city is going to build new places to attract more visitors. Among the following three options, which do you think is the best?

A. A local history museum

B. A modern art and film museum

C. A children science museum

☆ Which of the following technological developments have made the greatest impact on students’ lives?

1、electronic books

2、online classes

3、smartphones

? If university plans to add a new course that is not being offered to students, which of the following courses, in your opinion, would attract most students?

1. Sound engineering and recording

2. History of rock music

3. Film studies

? Nowadays traffic congestions are increasing, what can we do to reduce the cars in the city?

? Your friend has to work a lot. Please suggest a hobby help him spend his weekend in a more delightful way. Explain why. Please include details and examples in your explanation.

☆ Describe the disadvantages of moving to a new place.

☆ If you are a teacher of a tutor group and you are going to take students to a study trip,where would you take them to?

A. science museum B. local farm C. theater performance

☆ Describe what you were like when you started attending school.

☆ Describe one of the most popular websites in your country? Explain why it is popular with details or examples.

? What do you think is the most important thing that parents should teach their children?Please include details in your response.

? Describe one or two ways your life may change five years from now. Please include specific reasons and details in your response.

? Your friend is coming to your country for studying, but he or she is worried about the cost, what are the advices you can offer?

6.动词和动词词组练习题 篇六

1. 不定式-主、表、宾、补语(宾补&主补)、定、状、同位语

2. 动名词-主、表、宾、定、同位语

3.分 词-表、补语(宾补&主补)、定、状

知识要点：

一、不定式与动名词做主语：

1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。Collecting information about children’s health is his job.

It’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher.

2、常用不定式做主语的句型有：

常用结构：It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth.

(常见形容词: difficult , important, necessary, impossible, etc.)

It+be+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth.

(常见形容词:clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, kind, rude, impolite, careless, cruel, crazy, etc.)

3、常用动名词做主语的句型有：It’s no good (use, fun) doing sth.

It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing sth. It’s worth while doing sth.

二、不定式、动名词、分词做表语：

1、不定式做表语常表示谓语动词所表示动作之后发生的动作。不定式一般紧跟在系动词如: be, seem, remain, appear等后面, 用来说明主语的内容。这类结构中的主语一般为名词，如：idea, purpose, hope, plan, intention, wish, dream, etc.

eg.) My purpose is to teach them a lesson.

有时句子主语也可以是不定式或名词性从句。

Eg.) To be strict with students is to be responsible to them.

What I want to do is (to )tell you the truth.

The only thing he could do was ( to) tell the truth.

如果主语中含有do的任何形式, 那么不定式可以省去to.

2、动名词做表语是对主语内容的解释，这时主语与表语位置可互换，动名词常用于口语中。

Its full-time job is laying eggs.

3、分词做表语:

现在分词作表语:一般表示主动或主语的性质和特征, “令人……”的, 主语多数情况是sth.

过去分词作表语: 一般表示被动或说明主语情感心理上的感受, “感到……的”,主语多数是sb.

exciting, excited annoying, annoyed amazing, amazed

boring, bored confusing, confused encouraging, encouraged

embarrassing, embarrassed frightening, frightened; inspiring, inspired

现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征；进行时表示正在进行的动作。

The task of this class is practising the idioms. （现在分词做表语）

With the help of the teacher, the students are practising the idioms. （现在进行时）

过去分词作表语表示主语所处的被动状态或完成某动作的状态。而被动语态表示主语所承受的动作。

The village is surrounded by high mountains.（过去分词做表语）

The enemy was surrounded by the Red Army.（被动语态）

He is well educated.（过去分词做表语）

He has been educated in this college for three years.（被动语态）

注意: 过分除修饰sb.以外,还可修饰表示神态、声音等的名词, 说明主语的心理状态。

Eg.) He had a _________ (terrifying, terrified) look in his eyes.

The boy answered in a ________ (frightening, frightened) voice.

三、不定式与动名词做宾语：

1、下列动词跟不定式做宾语：

want, wish, hope, expect, ask, demand, pretend, care, decide, happen, long, offer, refuse, fail, plan, prepare, order, cause, afford, beg, manage, agree, promise等。

2、在下列动词或动词短语后用动名词做宾语：

常见动词: advise, avoid（避免）, appreciate（感激）, admit（承认）,consider(考虑), complete, delay, deny（否认）, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, forbid, forgive, imagine, miss, mind, mention, permit, practise, risk（冒险）, suggest (建议), understand, etc.

常见短语: be busy, be worth, burst out, feel like, can’t help (忍不住), can’t stand, set about, succeed in, be engaged in, persist in, insist on, be fond of, dream of, prevent…(from), keep…from, stop…(from), protect…from…, set about, spend/waste…(in)

be/get used/accustomed to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, devote oneself/one’s life ( energy, effort, time) to, make contributions to, admit to, owe to,

【lead to, stick to, listen to, refer to, turn to, thanks to, owing to, due to后接名词,一般不接动名词】

3、某些动词后既可接动名词,也可接不定式.

常见动词: begin/start, continue; love, like, dislike, hate, prefer; need, want, require; forget, remember, regret; mean, try, go on, stop, be used to, can’t help

3. begin/start

三种情况下,一般接不定式做宾语:①主语是sth.;②本身用于进行时;③做宾语的动词表示情感、思想或意念时(如:like, love, understand, realize, understand, know, etc.)

A.) love, like, dislike, hate, prefer, 如表示经常性的动作, 用动名词作宾语;如表示特定或具

体的动作,多接不定式.

Eg.) I like___(play) chess during my spare time.

I like___(play) at chess with the chess master now.

B.) need, want require

eg.) He wants _____(repair) the bike for me.

The bike needs/wants/ requires______(repair).

4. forget, remember, regret

eg.) The light in the office is still on. I forgot ____ (turn) it off.

I’ll never forget ____(see) the musical comedy in New York.

Remember____( meet) me tonight.

I remember ____(take) to Beijing when I was a child.

I regret ____ (inform) you that you are dismissed.

I regret ______( not take ) his advice.

E.) mean, try, go on, stop, be used to, can’t help

Eg.) What do you mean _____ (do ) with it?

____(miss) the train means __(wait) for another two hours.

He’s been trying ____ (get) you on the phone.

Let’s try___ (knock) at the back door.

He paused and went on __ (explain) the text to us.

Go on _____(do) the other exercise after you have finished this one.

Wood is used to ___(make) paper.

He is used to _____(get) up early.

She couldn’t help_____( do ) the housework, for she was busy.

People couldn’t help____(laugh) at the foolish emperor in the procession.

4、动名词作need, want, require, be worth的宾语时，用主动式代替被动式。

The washing-machine needs repairing.（或用：needs to be repaired）

The point wants referring to.

This English novel is well worth reading.

The situation in Russian required studying.

下列句子惯用不定式主动语态.

Eg.) The house is to let/to be let. 这房子待出租。

He is not to blame for everything.

四、不定式与分词在句中做宾语补足语：

1、以下动词后跟不定式做宾语补足语：

动词/动词词组+宾语+to不定式:

常见动词: want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, allow, permit, help, advise, persuade, cause, force, warn, invite, urge, encourage, prepare, call on, would like, wait for, etc.

eg.)I got them to join us in the discussion.

They are waiting for the school bus to come.

The doctor advised him to stay in bed for another few days. （注suggest后不跟不定式做宾补。）

We wish him to remain and accept the post.（注hope后不跟不定式做宾补。）

动词+宾语+不带to的不定式:

常用动词: feel (一感) ; hear, listen to(二听); make, let, have(三让); see, watch, observe, notice, look at(五看) ;help (半帮助,可带to或不带to)etc. 但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to.

Eg.) I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road.

比较: I saw him crossing the road. He was seen _____the road.

I saw him carried downstairs. He was seen ____ downstairs.

2、下列动词后的复合宾语用分词做宾补：see, watch, notice, observe, find, hear, feel, make, get, set, send, start, catch, have, leave, keep,等。用现在分词还是用过去分词做宾补，要看分词与宾语的关系。

We heard him ____ (sing) the song when we came in.

We have heard the song _____ (sing) in Japanese.

He watched the bed _____ (carry) out of the door.

He felt a great weight _____ (take ) off his mind. 他感到心头如释重负。

How would you like your hair ___ (cut)?

五、非谓语动词做定语：

1、不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词后，表示在谓语动词之后发生的动作或过去的某一特定动作。

He had no house to live in but a lot of work to do.

Our monitor is the first to arrive.

2、动名词与现在分词做定语的区别：

动名词做定语说明所修饰名词的用途；现在分词做定语，表示所修饰名词进行的动作。

a walking stick 拐杖（动名词， a stick for walking）

a sleeping car 卧铺车厢（动名词， a car for sleeping）

the rising sun 正在升起的太阳（现在分词）

the changing world 变化中的世界（现在分词）

3、现在分词与过去分词做定语的区别：过去分词做定语表示完成或被动的动作，现在分词做定语表示主动或进行的动作。

a piece of disappointing news =a piece of news which disappointed us）

in the following years =in the years that followed）

a well dressed woman =a woman who is dressed well）

a car parked at the gate =a car which was parked at the gate）

六、不定式与分词做状语：

1、不定式做状语，只表示目的、结果或原因：

He hurried home only to find his money stolen.（结果状语）

To make himself heard, he raised his voice.（目的状语）

All of us are surprised to see his rapid progress. (原因状语)

2、分词做状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式、结果：

Seen from the top of the hill, the town is beautiful.（条件状语）

Having been hit by the big boy on the nose, the little boy began to cry. (原因状语)

He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased.（伴随状语）

动名词的复合结构:

① 物主代词或名词所有格+ 动名词(作主语、宾语、表语)

② 代词宾格或名词普通格+ 动名词(作宾语、表语)

Eg.) My father’s being ill worried us greatly.=That my father was ill worried us greatly.

His not being present at the party annoyed the hostess.

It’s no use your pretending that you didn’t know the truth.

What angered me most was the students failing to fulfill their duties.

I think the problem is their/them not having enough time.

注意: 若动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的东西,只用普通格:

eg.) The experiment can’t be carried out because of the equipment being out of order.

The news of the new hotel catching fire shocked everyone.= The news that the new hotel caught fire shocked everyone.

The noises of the boxes being opened and closed could be heard.

存在句的非限定形式

存在句的非限定形式是there to和there being结构。这两种结构在用法上有相同点。为便于比较，我们把它们放在一起介绍。

1） 作介词补足成分

两种结构都可作介词补足成分。如果介词是for，便只能用there to be结构。

Eg.) It is too early for there to be anyone around here.

It is important for there to be a fire escape.

也能用在不及物动词+for之后:

They planned for there to be another meeting.

如果介词不是for, 则要用 there being结构。

Eg.) John was relying on there being another opportunity.

2） 作宾语

作宾语时, 通常用there to be结构。

Eg.) Members like there to be plenty of choice.

能这样用的及物动词为数有限,常见的有expect, mean, intend, want, like, prefer, hate等。

3） 作主语和状语

there being结构还能用作主语和状语。

Eg.) There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.

There having been no rain, the ground was dry.

存在句的限定形式与非限定形式之间可以相互转换。

For there to be so few people in the streets was unusual.

(=It was unusual for there to be so few people in the streets.)

有时限定形式与非限定形式还可以结合使用。

Eg.) It is said that there are troops on the frontier. =There are said to be troops on the frontier.

关系代词的省略:

1. This is the fastest train there is to Beijing.

2. He asks for the latest book there is on the shelf.

3. ---- What did the football player you were talking to want?

7.英汉动词和动词短语的相似点 篇七

一、动词

英语动词：表示动作或状态的词叫作动词。例如work，sleep，run。汉语动词：表示动作行为、存在变化、心理活动、可能、意愿、趋向、判断等意义的词。例如：工作，睡觉，跑。

英语动词和汉语动词根据动词的表义功用或语义特征进行分类有相似的地方：

1.（英语）实义动词：表示动作的动词，又称行为动词，其特点是有完整的词义，并能单独作谓语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。例如：drive, play, drink。英语一部分实义动词在汉语中相当于动作行为动词或心理活动动词。

（汉语）动作行为动词：走、看、听、打、批评、保卫、学习

（汉语）心理活动动词：爱、恨、想、喜欢、讨厌、希望

2.（英语）有方向性短暂性动词：如：come, go, return，此类动词在汉语中相当于趋向动词。

（汉语）趋向动词：表示从近到远、从远到近、从低到高、从高到低、从里到外、从外到里等趋向意义的词，如：来、去、上、下、回来、进去等，趋向动词可单独使用，也可以在动词后面充当补语，如：升起来、掉下去、走回来

3.（英语）连系动词：用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态、性质或身份的词，连系动词分为两类：

表示状态存在的系动词：seem, appear, feel， keep， remain， stay， lie等，表示状态变化的系动词：become， get， turn， go, come等。

连系动词后可以接形容词作表语构成系表结构，如：go bad， turn red， fall asleep英语中的连系动词相当于汉语中的存现动词。

（汉语）存现动词：表示存在、变化、消失等意义的动词，如：发生、出现、存在、具有、失去、消失

4.（英语）be动词和后面的词、短语或从句构成系表结构：如：You are a student. The problem is who will go. be 动词相当于汉语中的判断动词“是”。

（汉语）判断动词：汉语中的判断动词只有一个“是”，表示是非、有无等意义。“是”的作用是判断主语和宾语的关系，表示主语和宾语之间是同一关系或从属关系，如：他是一个特别忙的人。取得好成绩的最好方法是努力学习。

5.（英语）情态动词： 表示能力，义务，必要，猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。情态动词有can, could， will, would， should， may， might等。英语中的情态动词相当于汉语中的能愿动词。

（汉语）能愿动词：表示可能、必然、必要、意愿等意义的动词。能愿动词有：会、能够、可以、宁肯、必须、应该等。能愿动词一般在句中作状语，如：他敢吃蛇肉。我会修理收音机。我宁肯坐公共汽车。

6.（英语）使役动词：表示使、令、让、叫等意义的动词,主要有leave， get， make， keep， let， have等。使役动词在句中作谓语，后接宾语和宾语补足语（复合宾语），如：You make me happy. I have the horse waiting for me. 英语中使役动词相当于汉语中的使令动词。

（汉语）使令动词：使、叫、让、请、要求等，使令动词引导兼语句，如：我请他吃饭。 我希望他来工作。 他让我先走。

7.（英语）感官动词：表示人的感官动作的动词，感官动词有：listen to， hear， see， watch， notice等。感官动词后可直接接宾语，也可接宾语再接宾语补足语。如：Did you hear the news?（hear后直接接宾语） I heard her singing in the room. （hear后接宾语及宾语补足语）

(汉语)感官动词在句中作谓语，后面全是宾语，宾语可以是词，也可以是句子。感官动词有：听见，看见，发现，感到，认识，相信，懂得，知道，明白。如：我相信事实。我发现她经常去网吧。

二、动词短语

（英语）短语是指由两个以上的词组合而成的一个有意义语法单位。每个短语都有一定的结构和语义。从功能来看，英语短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语和副词短语等。

（汉语）短语是由两个或两个以上的词语按照一定的语义搭配关系和语法结构规则组合起来而构成的 (也称词组或结构)。汉语短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语等。

英语广义的动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配或和另一动词连用。汉语的动词短语是以动词为主体构成的，具有动词的特征和语法功能。英语的动词短语和汉语的动词短语有相类似的地方。

1.并列式动词短语

（英语）并列式动词短语：两个动词用连词and或or等连接起来构成，如：read and write, eat and drink

（汉语）并列式动词短语：动词与动词直接构成，或者借助于连词构成，动词之间互不修饰限制，地位平等，这样的短语就是并列式动词短语，也称为“联合式动词短语”。如：调查研究， 跑和跳， 批评，表扬， 吃、喝、玩、乐。

2.动宾短语

（英语）动宾短语：及物动词加宾语，不及物动词加介词再加宾语构成动宾短语，宾语可以是名词、代词、不定式、动名词等。如：read a book(宾语是名词)； look at me(宾语是代词)； want to sleep(宾语是动词不定式)；like sleeping(宾语是动名词)

（汉语）动宾短语：由动词和它所支配的对象所构成的短语叫动宾短语，动词是中心词，宾语是动词支配的对象(表示动作行为的对象、结果、处所等)。宾语可以是名词、代词、动词、形容词等。如：纪念白求恩大夫（宾语是名词），告诉他们（宾语是代词），喜欢唱歌（宾语是动词），怕冷（宾语是形容词）。

3.（英语）动副短语：作状语的副词通常放在动词的后面，构成：“中心词（动词）+副词(作状语)”的形式，又叫动副词组。如：sit down； break out； see clearly； go out。英语中的动副短语在汉语中相当于状中短语或动补短语。

（汉语）状中短语：修饰语状语通常由副词充当，通常放在动词的前面，有时可加“地”，动词是中心词，形成“状语+中心词（动词）”的形式。如：经常发现，独立思考，慢慢地走，愤怒地说。介宾短语也可作状语。如：从梦中惊醒，在屋里开会。

（汉语）动补短语：动词和在它后面起补充说明作用的词构成的短语，动词是中心词，起补充说明作用的词叫作补语，动词和补语之间是补充关系，补语前有的用结构助词“得”，有的不用。充当补语的词或短语可以是形容词、动词或动词短语。如：洗干净（形容词作补语），坐下来（趋向动词作补语）， 送走（动词作补语），跑得冒汗（动词短语作补语）。

4.（英语）动词+复合宾语：动词的宾语之后还需要有宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的情况，否则意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语放在一起合称为“复合宾语”，他们和前面的动词构成动词短语。可以接复合宾语的动词有使役动词make， let， have或感官动词see， hear/watch， notice等。如：see him playing basketball(him是宾语，playing basketball是宾语补足语)，make the boy go to bed early(the boy是宾语，go to bed early是宾语补足语)。

英语中“动词+复合宾语”构成的短语相当于汉语中的兼语短语。

（汉语）兼语短语：兼语短语由一个动宾短语和一个主谓短语重叠构成，动宾短语的宾语同时又是主谓短语的主语，叫兼语。如：请他参加晚会，让学生进入教室，放他出监狱。

5.双宾短语

（英语）双宾短语：动词和后面的两个宾语放在一起构成双宾短语。双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。直接宾语是动作的承受者（通常指物），间接宾语是指动词的行为所指向的人（通常指人），间接宾语一般紧接在谓语动词后，它和直接宾语组成双宾语。如：showmeyour watch（me是间接宾语,your watch是直接宾语），give the girl an apple（the girl是间接宾语，an apple是直接宾语）