托福写作中常用词组

2024-11-16

托福写作中常用词组（2篇）

1.托福写作中常用词组篇一

托福写作该怎样准确用词呢?

一般来说，要把握选词的准确性，可以从下面三方面入手：

一、选词时要符合语言习惯并与社会文化诸多背景一致

例如，英美人对landlord和peasant两词的理解与中国人截然不同。英美人对前者的理解首先是“房东”，然后才是“地主”;而peasant一词对他们来说意味着“粗俗”与“无知”，此词多少带有贬义色彩。再如propaganda一词在中国并不带有西方人所理解的贬意;而First lady (第一夫人)绝不能理解为汉语的原配夫人，因此在写作中应特别注意这类词，否则会导致冒犯和误解。由于东西方社会历史文化的差异，许多词所引申或代表的内容也大相径庭，Phoenix在西方象征“复活”、“再生”，而汉语的这一词却表示“祥瑞”。

Peach在汉语中象征“长寿”而在英语中却用以指代“特别讨人喜爱的人或物”。又比如在表示色彩的词中green是青春的颜色，常表示希望、活力，但在英语中green又与“妒忌” (to be green with envy，green-eyed)和“没有经验的”(a green horn)联系起来。如果没有广泛的阅读积累，养成经常查字典的良好习惯，单凭想当然地选词，势必会词不达意。即使同一事物，在美国和英国也可能有不同的表达。例如：corn一词在美国指“玉米”而在英国泛指“谷物”;“地铁”在英国用tube或underground美国则用subway。此类的例子还有pavement/sidewalk，Chemists‘ shop/drug store等。

二、在英语写作中特别要注意区分同义词，选词时要考虑主题、对象及情景

由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的词，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。总的来讲，英语本族语大多是短词，小词，听起来朴素)亲切，大量用于口头表达：法语来源的词庄重文雅，多与行政、宗教、军事、服饰等有关;拉丁来源的词，书卷味浓，如ask，question，inter-rate这三个不同来源的同义词在不同的主题、对象、情景下用法就不一样。同义词除了来源的不同会影响措词的选择外，它们在程度、感情色彩上也有不同。

比如“瘦”可以用slender，slim，lean， thin，underweight，gaunt， lanky，skinny等来表达，而sleder表示“苗条”是褒义的，skinny却是贬义的，underweight则是中性的词。即使同是褒义词，表达的感情色彩也不同。比如little和petite两个同义词当用来描绘女子时，都意为“个子小”的，但petite同时还有“匀称”的意义，而little更强调“可爱的”或“可怜的”，根据不同的上下文，它还有“纤小”、“娇小”或“弱小”等不同意义。因此在选词表达思想时，一定要分清主题，对象及情景。

另外，让中国学生头痛的是一些同义词的习惯搭配。比如large和big都指“大”，但large通常用来修饰诸如number，amount及quantity(a large number of students，a large amou-nt of money，a large quantity of wine，etc)。但想“勇气”，“信心”，”能力”、“智慧”等表示个人素质的名词，人们通常用呷碰而不用big或large来修饰。由此可见，在英语写作实践中，区分同义词的用法是相当重要的。

三、措词选择应把握好英语和汉语词汇无法对应的部分

因此我们不能依赖于单纯的汉语译意。否则我们可能会被误导。尽管许多英语对应的汉语词汇都能表达它们真正的意思，但往往有些英语词汇没有准确的汉语对应词;所以只有在不同的上下文中才能确定它们真正的意思，比如send一词，如果单把它理解成汉语的“送”的话，象这样的句子“她送信给我”也许会被写成she sent me the letter.

而英语准确的表达应是she brought me the letter.再如“他将送朋友去机场”，如果写成He will send his friend to the airpot。就又错了。正确的表达应该是He will go to the airpot with his friend to see him off. 实际上send sth to a place 应该是请别人送去，自己不去。因此，要确定我们所选的词是否准确、恰当，单凭查词典还不行。

所以会写词汇和会用词汇还是有很大的差别，在练习托福写作时，一定要学会准确用词，意思表达准确，逻辑清晰，才能为托福作文加分。

托福备考策略和技巧-写作如何得高分

1.你的时间预算

你只有半个小时来应对托福独立写作，你必须要把时间估算好，这其中可能包括：计划和记录2-3分钟;写文章大约20分钟;检查文章3-5分钟。这其中可能有的考生还需要理思路和列提纲等，反正大家要把考试时间计算精确，千万别等时间到了，你还没有写完，更别谈检查了。

2.仔细阅读问题

对于托福独立写作，最重要的就是审题，就是考生必须要准确地写这个题目。如果你对题目都理解得不清不楚，那么你写出来的文章或许也不能算是一篇成功或者说高分作文。

3.头脑风暴

在进行托福独立写作之前，考生应该花一些时间来进行“头脑风暴”，思考这个话题和最好的方法。也只有这样才能让你在看到题目之后把所以可能会出现的情况都提前封上，以求写出高分作文。

4.写你计划的文章

你不必用罗马数字、大写字母等写出正式的大纲。但是，你应该做一些笔记。通过你的笔记，你可以根据你列出思路进行写作，把你想要写的点都写到，以充实你的托福写作文章。

5.确保你的笔迹是尽可能清晰

因为现代托福考试都是机考，这些这里的笔迹清晰你可以理解成你的文章逻辑思路，不要让读者即你的批改考官看到一篇没有逻辑的文章，这样会影响你的得分的。

6.遵循一个明确，逻辑结构

这其实和第5点差不多，就是要说你的文章结构要清楚，这样阅读人才会有兴趣读下去。一般好的文章一般是这样的结构：

主题段：提出观点或者主旨。

正文：由2-3段组成，这其中包括例子叙述等内容。

结尾段：最后总结一些为什么选择这个，可能还会运用到让步段，即如果选择另一个观点会怎么样。

7.使用具体的例子，具体原因

对于文章的例子，这个我们在这里也单独说一下，一般置于文章的正文部分，必须要有例子来支撑你的论点。

8.使用信号词来表示的转换

在你的文章当中，信号词可以用来连接段落到段落和句子到句子。

9.使用不同的句子类型

好的文章是由大部分的简单句+少许的长句组成。如果全篇都是简单句，就会让考官觉得你的文章太单调，这样的文章评分一般不会太高，所以在写作时，考生要努力的使用不同长度的句子来体现你的英文水平。

10.检查作文错误

在托福写作当中，往往会因一些小的错误让你的托福写作得不了高分，因此不要跨越长的部分或者尝试添加很多新的材料。在标点符号、拼写和大写以及常见的语法错误中找出明显的错误。这也是托福写作高分很重要的一个部分，所以大家要尽可能抽出些时间来进行检查。

托福写作模板：看电影看书放松比做运动更好吗

托福写作题目：看电影看书放松比做运动更好吗?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is better to relax by a movie or reading a book than doing physical exercise.

托福写作模板：英文例文

Preference in methods of relaxation varies from person to person. Among these methods, staying indoors and reading or watching a movie is more popular than going outside and doing physical exercise. As for me, I prefer relaxing by reading a book and watching a movie.

Reading books or watching movies helps me relax physically. My days are busy with finishing all of my work, commuting to my office on the other side of the city, , and doing household chores that I do not have much time or energy to exercise. However, opening a book or playing a movie helps me slow down and restore my vitality. For example, when I read or watch a movie, I can sit back on a sofa or recline in bed. In this way, my muscles can rest. In contrast, when I exercise, I by no means rest or relax my body. In addition, I have to add washing my workout clothes to my already long list of chores.

Reading books and watching movies also helps me relax mentally. The tedious meetings, repeated routines and limited new tasks of my job makes me mentally exhausted. At these moments I like to enjoy an interesting story from a book or a famous movie. Then, all of the disturbing feelings, like boredom and depression, go away and I come away feeling inspired. For instance, I recently read the Biography of Steve Jobs and learned how this leader conquered adversity. In one of my favorite movies, The Shawshank Redemption, the main character Andy shows that no matter what difficulty we may confront, as long as we keep hope in our hearts, all the pressure will pass and the sun will still shine tomorrow.

Admittedly, exercising can help us relax to some degree. Football matches with co-workers, playing badminton in the backyard with family, and even a basketball game with some strangers could provide an escape from daily stress. However, viewed from a different perspective, doing physical activity has some potential risks. For instance, it is not uncommon to hear that people get physical injuries during physical exercise. What is worse, even some people have died suddenly from overstress their already tired bodies during exercise.

In conclusion, even though doing sports sometimes makes me feel more relaxed, I prefer reading a book or watching a movie when I want to relax.

2.托福作文高分离不开准确用词篇二

一.了解词汇使用背景和习惯

例如，英美人对landlord和peasant两词的理解与中国人截然不同。英美人对前者的理解首先是“房东”，然后才是“地主”;而peasant一词对他们来说意味着“粗俗”与“无知”，此词多少带有贬义色彩。再如propaganda一词在中国并不带有西方人所理解的贬意;而First lady (夫人)绝不能理解为汉语的原配夫人，因此在写作中应特别注意这类词，否则会导致冒犯和误解。由于东西方社会历史文化的差异，许多词所引申或代表的内容也大相径庭，Phoenix在西方象征“复活”、“再生”，而汉语的这一词却表示“祥瑞”。Peach在汉语中象征“长寿”而在英语中却用以指代“特别讨人喜爱的人或物”。又比如在表示色彩的词中green是青春的颜色，常表示希望、活力，但在英语中green又与“妒忌” (to be green with envy，green-eyed)和“没有经验的”(a green horn)联系起来。如果没有广泛的阅读积累，养成经常查字典的良好习惯，单凭想当然地选词，势必会词不达意。即使同一事物，在美国和英国也可能有不同的表达。例如：corn一词在美国指“玉米”而在英国泛指“谷物”;“地铁”在英国用tube或underground美国则用subway。此类的例子还有pavement/sidewalk， Chemists‘ shop/drug store等。

二.区分同义词才能更好地使用同义词

由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的饲，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。总的来讲，英语本族语大多是短词，小词，听起来朴素)亲切，大量用于口头表达：法语来源的词庄重文雅，多与行政、宗教、军事、服饰等有关;拉丁来源的词，书卷味浓，如ask，question，inter-rogate这三个不同来源的同义词在不同的主题、对象、情景下用法就不一样。同义词除了来源的不同会影响措词的选择外，它们在程度、感情色彩上也有不同。比如“瘦”可以用slender，slim，lean， thin，underweight，gaunt， lanky，skinny等来表达，而sleder表示“苗条”是褒义的，skinny却是贬义的，underweight则是中性的词。即使同是褒义词，表达的感情色彩也不同。比如little和petite两个同义词当用来描绘女子时，都意为“个子小”的，但petite同时还有“匀称”的意义，而little更强调“可爱的”或“可怜的”，根据不同的上下文，它还有“toefl.533.com纤小”、“娇小”或“弱小”等不同意义。因此在选词表达思想时，一定要分清主题，对象及情景。

另外，让中国学生头痛的是一些同义词的习惯搭配。比如large和big都指“大”，但large通常用来修饰诸如number，amount及quantity(a large number of students，a large amount of money，a large quantity of wine，etc)。但象“勇气”，“信心”，”能力”、“智慧”等表示个人素质的名词，人们通常用呷碰而不用big或large来修饰。由此可见，在英语写作实践中，区分同义词的用法是相当重要的。

三.英汉无对应词汇妥善处理

不是所有的英语词汇都有相应的汉语表达，一些不同的英语词汇也有可能用同样的汉语来表达，这就使我们在用英语来表达思想对面临更多选择上的困难。比如family和home两词都可译成汉语的“家”，但它们却不是同义词。Family主要指家庭成员，与人有关，而home主要指所居住的地点、住宅。Except和besides有时都译成同样的汉语“除了”，但他们的意思却是相反的。因此我们不能依赖于单纯的汉语译意。否则我们可能会被误导。尽管许多英语对应的汉语词汇都能表达它们真正的意思，但往往有些英语词汇没有准确的汉语对应词;所以只有在不同的上下文中才能确定它们真正的意思，比如send一词，如果单把它理解成汉语的“送”的话，象这样的句子“她送信给我”也许会被写成she sent me the letter.而英语准确的表达应是she brought me the letter.再如“他将送朋友去机场”，如果写成He will send his friend to the airpot。就又错了。正确的表达应该是He will go to the airpot with his friend to see him off. 实际上send sth to a place 应该是请别人送去，自己不去。因此，要确定我们所选的词是否准确、恰当，单凭查词典还不行。

托福写作模板:学生参与决策

托福写作模板及范文参考：

At some universities, students take part in making decisions about the issues that affect daily life of everyone on campus, such as how many hours that the libraries should be open each day or what kinds of food should be served in the cafeteria. But at some universities, experts are hired to make this decisions, students almost never involved. Which approach do you prefer and why.

托福写作范文参考：

We can never over emphasize the importance of campus life during which people mature intellectually and psychologically. It is a university’s unshakable responsibility to provide qualified education and various facilities. For a university to function well, there must be effective and reasonable rules regulating behaviors of both students and staffs. In my mind, it is students, but not experts, who should be responsible for the making of rules.

Admittedly, inviting professional and experienced experts to make rules is an easy solution for universities to effectively manage students and staffs. Given years of work experience, experts not only understand students’ needs and preferences, but also know well how to help students regulate behaviors, such as cultivating good habits, managing time and having healthy diets. For example, to encourage students to have enough time to sleep, experts usually require libraries to close at 10 o’clock; also, to help students keep healthy, they demand dining halls to provide nutritious food, such as organic vegetables and fruits.

However, it is actually difficult for experts to truly think from students’ perspective, so some of their rules may be not appropriate. On the contrary, students, though inexperienced, deserve the right to make rules for themselves and the opportunity to improve their abilities to manage. To begin with, it is students who study and live on campus that can enact rules flexible and reasonable enough to help students improve efficiency in both study and social activities. However, experts, as observers of students, may be unavoidably theoretical. For instance, during exam weeks, it is inconvenient to close libraries at 10 o’clock, as many students need more time and a quiet place to finish their assignments and prepare for exams, which is usually ignored by experts.

Secondly, it is also universities’ duty to help students learn self-management and leadership by giving them the right to enact rules for all students on campus. Undoubtedly, student government ought to take the responsibility to collect students’ opinions from polls, negotiate with students having different requirements, and finally introduce rules that can be respected and observed by all. Since these are rules made by students themselves, there is no reason to complain and violate. Moreover, this is a rare opportunity for members of student government to enhance leadership and management capability. Though the process will be surely time consuming and even arouse various problems, it is worthy given the huge benefits to students.

To sum up, endowing students the right to make rules for themselves is a better option for universities to accommodate students’ needs and help them grow up.

托福独立写作“媒体科技类”的素材表达

1.科技的影响(工作、学习、生活)

2.政府 & 科技(太空探索，理论研究)

3.现代媒介 vs传统媒介

4.传媒的作用

必备表达

科技的利弊

Pros

Cutting edge technology 尖端技术

Technological innovations/inventions/advances/progressions 技术创新和进步

1.提高工作效率

Augment/enhance/boost efficiency/productivity

Liberate accountants from repetitive and complex calculations that are Time-consuming and exhausting

2.方便信息检索

Information regarding(concerning/pertaining to) any area can be immediately accessible

Easily obtain/attain/access information

3.促进交流

Facilitate communication /transcend geographical barrier

Communicate on a global scale/across the globe

4.方便生活

Facilitate people’s daily commuting

Multiple household appliances (air-conditioners---enjoy comfortable lives without worrying about whether it is hot,cold or rainy outside; refrigerators preserve food for longer ; vacuum cleaners--energy-saving & time-saving)

5.丰富生活

Spice up/enrich people’s life

Leisure time

Listening to music, surfing the internet or watching digital movies

6.医疗科技

CT-scans and B-type ultrasound scans aid doctors in diagnosing illness for patients

With the invention of certain targeted vaccines, people finally put an end to rampant epidemics/eliminate deadly diseases.

Cons

1.污染

Abuse of industrial chemicals has caused irreversible consequences

Increasing automobiles bring about air pollution

2.伦理问题