九年语文模拟考试卷

九年语文模拟考试卷（共8篇）

1.九年语文模拟考试卷 篇一

2013-2014学九年级模拟考试

（二）思想品德试卷

考试时间：50分钟试卷满分：50分

※ 注意事项：

一、单项选择题：本大题25小题,每小题1分,共25分。每小题只有一个选项是正确的，请 将正确答案字母填写在答题栏中。

1.在我国，一切权力属于人民，人民行使当家作主权力的机关是

①全国人民政协委员会②全国人民代表大会③最高人民法院④地方各级人民代表大会

A.①②B.②③C.③④D.②④

2.依法治国的重要环节是

A．有法可依B．依法行政C．依宪治国D．可持续发展

3.到建国一百年时，我国经济社会发展的战略目标是

A.赶上世界发达国家的水平B.已经达到小康水平

C.人民生活达到富裕水平D.人均国内生产总值达到中等发达国家水平

4.发展先进文化的重要内容和中心环节是（）

A．加强社会主义教育科学文化建设B．加强社会主义政治文明建设

C．加强社会主义物质文明建设D．加强社会主义思想道德建设

5.发展教育和科学，是我国先进文化建设的A．重要内容B．基础工程C．根本保证D．关键因素

6.下列选项中，不能体现中华民族精神的是

A.先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐B.富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈

C.人为财死，鸟为食亡D.老骥伏枥，志在千里；烈士暮年，壮心不已

7.下列选项中，首次提出人与自然和谐相处的是

A.党的基本路线B.社会主义和谐社会C.现阶段我们的共同理想 D.社会主义精神文明

8.下列关于艰苦奋斗的说法，错误的是

A.人类社会的发展史，就是一部人类艰苦奋斗的创业史

B.艰苦创业，在不同时代有不同的内容

C.艰苦奋斗是某个时代所特有的精神，D.人类社会的一切文明成果，都是艰苦创业精神的结晶

9.把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家，这既是中华民族伟大复兴的“中国梦”，同时也是

① 是党的基本路线提出的奋斗目标②“三步走”战略第二步战略目标③现阶段我国各族人民的共同理想④建党一百年目标

A．①②B.①③C.②③D.③④

10.在我国，鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济的发展是因为非公有制经济

①是社会主义经济制度的基础

②是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分

③对加快生产力发展具有重要作用

④对于发挥社会主义制度的优越性具有关键性的作用

A.①②B.①④C.③④D.②③

11.精神文明创建活动是我国人民移风易俗、改造社会的伟大创造，也是加强中国先进文化建设的有效形式。以下属于精神文明创建活动的有

①抚顺创建全国文明城市②“感动中国”人物评选

③文化科技卫生“三下乡”活动④“我推荐、我评议身边好人”活动

A．①②④B.①②③C.②③④D.①②③④

12．中共十八大提出，建设法制中国，必须维护宪法权威。维护宪法权威是因为宪法

A.是我国的根本大法，是依法治国的根本依据

B.是重要的法律，是国家立法活动的基础

C.规定了国家生活中的所有问题，具有不可替代的作用

D.是我国各项法律的总和，具有最高的法律地位

13.为了一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流，我们坚持“四个尊重”的方针是指

① 尊重劳动② 尊重知识③ 尊重科学④ 尊重人才⑤ 尊重创造

A.①②③④B.②③④⑤C.①②④⑤D.①③④⑤

14.党的十八大根据我国经济社会发展实际，提出到————实现全面建成小康社会的宏伟目标。

A.20世纪末B.2020年C.2050年D.21世纪末

15.为了使创造财富的源泉充分涌流，早日实现共同富裕，我国现阶段必须坚持的分配制度是

A．公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展

B．先富带后富，走向共同富裕

C．按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存

D．尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造

16.社会主义精神文明建设包括的内容是

① 民主法制建设②思想道德建设③经济建设④ 教育科学文化建设

A.①③B.②④C.①②D.①④

17.加强社会主义精神文明建设的根本任务是

① 全面建设中国特色社会主义社会

② 建设社会主义和谐社会

③ 提高全民族的思想道德素质和科学文化素质，④ 培养一代又一代有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民

A.①③B.②④C.①②D.③④

18.中国特色社会主义的根本原则是

A.共同富裕B.同步富裕C.同时富裕D.先富带后富

19.人生需要理想。理想可以有很多，但通向理想的道路只有一条，那就是

A．经常为人生做出规划B．脚踏实地、全力以赴

C．对奋斗目标不断做出调整D．学会选择、学会承担

20.目前我们所达到的小康是

①低水平的②不全面的③发展很不平衡的④不科学的A.①②B.①②③C.②③④D.③④

21.现阶段，我国为了健全分配制度要考虑

①劳动②资本③技术④管理

A.②③④B.①②③C.①②④D.①②③④

22.芝加哥大学的心理学教授贝洛克认为书写心情可以缓解考试焦虑，除此之外，可以缓解考试焦虑的办法有

①树立正确的考试观念②实事求是地调整自我期望

③增强自身实力④彻底放松，完全不把考试当回事

A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①②③④

23.俄国作家列夫·托尔斯泰说：“理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有坚定的方向；没有

方向，就没有生活。”这句话说明

①人生需要理想②每个人的理想都是一成不变的、永恒的③有了理想就能获得成功④理想对人的行为有导向、驱动和调控作用

A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④

24.关于学习压力带来的影响，下列说法正确的有

①学习压力总给人带来消极的影响

②学习不需要压力，这样学习轻松，进步就越快

③适度的学习压力可以激发我们的干劲和潜能

④过度的学习压力会影响学习效率和已有水平的正常发挥

A.①②③④B.①④C.③④D.②③④

25.人生充满选择，下面属于理性和科学选择的方式是

①单凭自己的兴趣或者听从父母的安排

②搞清楚自己的真实需要

③多方面收集、筛选、辨别信息，考虑目标的重要性和实现的可能性

④在充分衡量自身条件后，自主作出选择，并且担负起选择的责任

A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④

二、材料分析题（共25分）

26.（9分）材料一：2013年3月14日，十二届全国人大一次会议第四次全体会议，选举习近平为中华人民共和国主席、中华人民共和国中央军事委员会主席。

材料二：2014年政府工作报告中指出，把政府工作全面纳入法治轨道，用法治思维和法治方式履行职责。加强政府法制工作，改革行政执法体制。

材料三：2014年3月7日晚，北京四中学生李明和同学付丽、陆绯来到部分代表委员的驻地，送上了一份名为《减少雾霾天气，大力推广有利于环境质量提升的措施》的建议。全国人大代表李祥斌读过学生的建议后，接受建议并形成提案带上两会。

（1）材料一说明我国根本政治制度是什么？（1分）

（2）在我国，拥有任免权的最高国家权力机关是什么？（1分）

（3）材料二说明我国实行怎样的治国方略？这一方略的基本要求有哪些？（3分）

（4）材料三中李明等同学行使了哪项政治权利？除了李明等三位同学采取的这种途经行使自己的政治权利外，他们还可以采取哪些方式行使自己的这项权利？（4分）

27.（9分）材料一：党的十八大报告提出，调整国民收入分配格局，着力解决收入分配差距较大问题，使发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。材料二：十八届三中全会指出：我国现阶段的基本经济制度，是中国特色社会主义制度的重要支柱，也是社会主义市场经济体制的根基。公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分，都是我国经济社会发展的重要基础。

阅读材料回答：

（1）材料一突出体现了社会主义和谐社会的哪一特色？（1分）

（2）我国现阶段的基本经济制度是怎样的？它的基础是什么？（3分）

（3）我国现阶段的基本经济制度确立的依据是什么？（2分）

（4）我国公有制经济主要有哪些形式？（3分）

28.（7分）建设社会主义文化强国，增强国家文化软实力，必须坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向。培育和弘扬社会主义核心价值观必须立足中华优秀传统文化。要认真汲取中华优秀传统文化的思想精华和道德精髓，大力弘扬民族精神和时代精神。使中华优秀传统文化成为涵养社会主义核心价值观的重要源泉。

阅读材料回答：

（1）当代中国，发展先进文化就是指建设什么？（1分）

（2）材料中的民族精神核心是什么？民族精神不断发扬光大，现阶段我们的时代精神的核心又是什么？（2分）

（3）方向问题是根本问题，请问，牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向，最根本的就是什么？（3分）

（3）我们国家的兴国之魂是指什么?（1分）

2.九年语文模拟考试卷 篇二

《识字3》这篇集中识字的课文, 它以对子作为文章的载体, 描绘了大自然的美好景物。对对子是中国的传统文化之一, 激发孩子们对中国传统文化的喜爱也是文章的主要教学目标之一。如何让一年级的小朋友对对子有兴趣?只有先让他了解对子的一些规律, 发现对子的有趣的地方, 再进行简单的试对。朗读是最有效地了解课文的方法, 教师想通过由浅入深地读, 有层次地推进学生对课文的理解, 真正实现通过课文来学语文的理念。

[教学目标]

1.认识“雾”“霜”等13个生字, 会写“和”“语”等6个字。

2.能正确、流利地朗读课文。

3.产生收集对子和对对子的兴趣。

[教学重点]

会读生字、写生字, 会正确、流利地朗读课文。

[教学难点]

读准字音, 识记字形, 学会对对子。

[教学课件]

PPT、词语卡片

[教学时间]

两课时 (本次授课第一课时)

[教学过程]

一、激趣谈话, 揭题入境

小朋友们, 我们生活在美丽的地球上, 地球是我们共同的家园, 在我们这个大家园里有美丽的自然风光, 有各种各样的花草树木和可爱的小动物, 我们都很爱它。通过这一组课文的学习, 我想大家一定会有新的收获。今天, 老师就和大家共同学习第一篇课文。 (板书:识字3)

二、初读体会, 认识生字

1.这是一首对子歌, 自己先试着读一读?

2.老师发现你们可真会学习, 有的同学一边读课文一边画了生字, 有的同学一边读一边思考, 还有的同学提出问题和小伙伴合作学习。相信你们的收获一定不小, 谁勇敢地站起来读一读课文?

3.你们已经把课文读通了, 很好。刚才你们在自学时还画出了许多生字, 遇到了许多不懂的词。那我们就一句一句地读, 把刚才不会的字学会, 不懂的词弄懂。

三、图文结合, 识记生字

(一) 学习第一小节:

1.一句一句地读, 把不会的字学会, 把不懂的词弄懂。

出示:云对雾, 雪对霜。指名读。

指导:云和雪小朋友肯定都见过, (点课件) 那雾和霜有没有见过呢?

2.引导:雾是在早晨出现的, 太阳一出来它就散了 (也可以叫“晨雾”) 。

点击课件, 叶子上白白的那些晶体就是什么?霜。每到深秋的时候就会出现霜。因此有个词叫秋霜 (生读晨雾、秋霜) 。

3.点击课件, 出现两幅图, 朝霞与夕阳, 想一想, 这该是课文中的哪一句?不知道的可以看看课文。

解决:朝霞, 夕阳, 和风, 细雨。图片协助理解。4.再读整小节。

(二) 学习第二、三小节:

1.课件出现花对草, 蝶对蜂。指名读。

学习蝶和蜂。说出是如何区别这两个字。领读。

2.课件出示, 蓝天对碧野, 万紫对千红。指名读。万紫对千红, 去掉“对”字, 指名读, 一起读。边读边贴词卡。

提问:当你看到什么样的景象的时候会情不自禁地说万紫千红? (指名描述) 这个词多好啊, 读一读。

3.出示课件理解“碧”给这个字组个词?理解“碧野”“碧绿的叶子”。

4.课件出示:桃对李, 柳对杨。

理解:桃、李、柳、杨, 它们指的是什么?李和杨还出现在什么地方啊? (都是姓)

5.课件出示:“山清对水秀, 鸟语对花香”齐读。去掉“对”字, 再来读读。自己把这两个成语读一读。 (生边读, 师边贴词卡)

假如你就来到了一个山清水秀、鸟语花香的地方, 你会有什么样的感觉呢?会想些什么?

三、复习巩固, 练习书写

1.刚才, 大家一边读儿歌, 一边学习了本课的生字, 弄懂了不会的词, 你们学得非常认真, 我们把黑板上的词再读一读好吗?

2.我们再来读一读本课的字吧!你们仔细观察今天学习的字, 看看有没有长得像的字呀?

3.生字我们都认识了, 还有六个生字宝宝需要我们来写呢!下面请你们仔细观察这六个字, 在写这六个字时, 你有什么小窍门可以把这些字写得更漂亮些?

四、练习朗读, 扩展识字

1.生字我们都已经学会了, 我们再来读一读对子歌吧!你们可选择自己喜欢的方式, 先练习读一读, 和小朋友对着读都可以。

2.你们读得真认真, 既然这是一首对子歌, 那么我们就一问一答地读好吗?

3.其实, 在我们生活中, 处处都是识字的场所, 比如, 大街上的牌匾, 灯箱上的广告, 小朋友的名字等等, 只要你肯做一个有心人, 在不经意间你就会认识许多书本以外的汉字, 愿每个小朋友从现在开始, 都来做一个细心人、有心人, 认识更多的汉字。好吗?

[教学体会]

对子歌是一种传统的语言形式, 句式整齐、押韵, 便于诵读, 但内容涉及面广, 跳跃性大, 蕴涵语言的智慧。作为识字课, 是借助对子歌来识字, 而不是阅读课, 是为了识字而阅读。

本节课主要让学生自主识字, 把识字与认识事物结合起来, 识字与儿童的生活结合起来, 识字中的音、形、义结合起来。学生通过看图片、找规律等形式去自主识字。教师始终以赏识的目光, 以激励性的语言导引学生自主识字。

在教学中, 教师穿针引线, 释疑解疑, 能让学生自行掌握就放手让学生去自悟、自练、自得, 而不越俎代庖, 发挥了教师作为“引导者和组织者”的作用。

3.高考语文模拟试卷(十) 篇三

1. 下列各组成语中,没有错误的一组是(3 分) ( )

A. 前赴后继 鼎力相助 食不裹腹

恶贯满盈

B. 分崩离析 平心而论 脍炙人口

再接再厉

C. 世外挑源 黄粱美梦 坚如磐石

白头偕老

D. 金榜题名 趋之若骛 天翻地覆

额手称庆

2. 下列各句中,没有语病的一句是(3 分) ( )

A. 世界金融危机愈演愈烈,已经导致欧盟内部风雨飘摇,引发了希腊政府更迭的悲惨结果,还可能上演多米诺骨牌效应。

B. 世界气候变化这个热门话题今冬又现争论：天气究竟是变暖还是变冷,人们控制碳排放的努力是否有效,我们究竟该听谁的,对这个问题人言言殊,莫衷一是。

C. 随着一个个“草根明星”的升起,那些不爱学习、渴望一夜成名的青少年仿佛得到了莫大的鼓舞,似乎只要抓住机会就会脱颖而出、名利双收,未来之路一片锦绣。

D. 怎样看待自己民族的历史,怎样看待自己民族的文化,怎样看待自己民族的优点和缺点,在当今全球化的时代背景下,对于我们这样一个后发国家的年轻人来说是一个有没有自信心的问题。

3. 补足能够概括下文内容的一句话。(不要超过15个字)(4 分)

全球变暖将给__________________________________。

例如随着温度的升高,两极地区也许将更适合人类居住；在适当的条件下,较高的二氧化碳浓度能够促进光合作用,从而使植物具有更高的固碳速率,导致植物生长的增加,即二氧化碳的增产效应,这是全球变暖的正面影响。 但是与正面影响相比,全球变暖对人类活动的负面影响将更为巨大和深远。今年8月份CCTV报道,由于气候变暖的影响,珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰下降了1.3米。

4.给下列图片《烟雨江南》配上一段话,可以用说明性语言,但不要超过80字。也可以用形象性语言,但不要超过80字。

注意：任选一题,全做按第一题算分。(5 分)

说明性语言：

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形象性语言：

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二、 文言文阅读 (19 分)

阅读下面的文言文,完成5~8题。

阮籍,字嗣宗,陈留尉氏人也。父瑀,魏丞相掾,知名于世。籍容貌瑰杰,志气宏放,傲然独得,任性不羁,而喜怒不形于色。或闭户视书,累月不出；或登临山水,经日忘归。博览群籍,尤好《庄》、《老》。嗜酒能啸,善弹琴。当其得意,忽忘形骸。时人多谓之痴,惟族兄文业每叹服之,以为胜己,由是咸共称异。

籍虽不拘礼教,然发言玄远,口不臧否人物。性至孝,母终,正与人围棋,对者求止,籍留与决赌。既而饮酒二斗,举声一号,吐血数升。及将葬,食一蒸肫,饮二斗酒,然后临诀,直言穷矣,举声一号,因又吐血数升,毁瘠骨立,殆致灭性。裴楷往吊之,籍散发箕踞,醉而直视,楷吊唁毕便去。或问楷：“凡吊者,主哭,客乃为礼。籍既不哭,君何为哭？”楷曰：“阮籍既方外之士,故不崇礼典。我俗中之士,故以轨仪自居。”时人叹为两得。籍又能为青白眼,见礼俗之士,以白眼对之。及嵇喜来吊,籍作白眼,喜不怿而退。喜弟康闻之,乃赍酒挟琴造焉,籍大悦,乃见青眼。由是礼法之士疾之若仇,而帝每保护之。

籍嫂尝归宁,籍相见与别。或讥之,籍曰：“礼岂为我设邪!”邻家少妇有美色,当垆沽酒。籍尝诣饮,醉,便卧其侧。籍既不自嫌,其夫察之,亦不疑也。兵家女有才色,未嫁而死。籍不识其父兄,径往哭之,尽哀而还。其外坦荡而内淳至,皆此类也。时率意独驾,不由径路,车迹所穷,辄恸哭而反。尝登广武,观楚、汉战处,叹曰：“时无英雄,使竖子成名!”登武牢山,望京邑而叹,于是赋《豪杰诗》。景元四年冬卒,时年五十四。

(节选自《晋书·阮籍传》)

5. 对下列句子中加线词的解释,不正确的一项是(3 分) （ ）

A. 忽忘形骸 形骸：形象

B. 口不臧否人物 臧否:赞美、批评

C. 籍既不自嫌 嫌：讨厌

D. 不由径路 由：沿着

6. 下列句子中,全都表现阮籍“不拘礼教”的一组是(3 分) （ ）

①当其得意,忽忘形骸。

②嗜酒能啸,善弹琴。

③散发箕踞,醉而直视。

④及嵇喜来吊,籍作白眼。

⑤径往哭之,尽哀而还。

⑥时无英雄,使竖子成名!

A. ①③⑥

B. ②③④

C. ①④⑤

D. ②④⑥

7. 下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析, 不正确的一项是(3 分) （ ）

A. 阮籍从小志向远大、高傲任性,喜欢博览群书,常常关起门来一读就是几个月。对《庄》《老》特别感兴趣。对此大家觉得他有些痴气。只有他的哥哥阮文业觉得他的才能胜过自己。

B. 阮籍平时为人谨慎,从不随意评论别人,所以他说话时经常说得很玄虚,让人不可琢磨。但他性情真诚坦率,往往用行动表示内心的好恶,“青白眼”就是著名的故事。

C. 阮籍不拘礼数的典型表现,是在他母亲去世这件事上。别人要他赶快停止下棋,他不肯,直到下完棋才饮酒吐血。举止异于常人,孝心深藏于心。

D. 阮籍坦坦荡荡,灵魂真淳,虽然不为礼法之士容忍,但上到皇帝,下到百姓,都没有伤害阮籍,甚至得到了了解他的人的理解。

8. 把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10 分)

(1) 直言穷矣,举声一号,因又吐血数升,毁瘠骨立,殆致灭性。(4 分)

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(2) 楷曰：“阮籍既方外之士,故不崇礼典。我俗中之士,故以轨仪自居。” 时人叹为两得。(3 分)

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(3) 尝登广武,观楚、汉战处,叹曰：“时无英雄,使竖子成名!”(3 分)

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三、 古诗词鉴赏 (10 分)

9. 阅读下面这两首唐诗,然后回答问题。

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泊 秦 淮

杜 牧

烟笼寒水月笼沙,夜泊秦淮近酒家。

商女不知亡国恨,隔江犹唱后庭花①。

乌衣巷 ②

刘禹锡

朱雀桥边野草花,乌衣巷口夕阳斜。

旧时王谢堂前燕,飞入寻常百姓家。

【注】

①《玉树后庭花》为宫体诗，作者南朝陈后主陈叔宝,是南朝亡国的最后一个昏庸皇帝。

②乌衣巷在南京秦淮河南岸,东晋时高门士族的聚居区,东晋开国元勋王导和指挥淝水之战的谢安都住在这里。

(1) 《泊秦淮》这首诗被清代评论家沈德潜推崇为“绝唱”。请简评“不知”“犹唱”两词的妙处。(3 分)

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(2) 《乌衣巷》中,作者选取燕子作为抒情的核心意象,说说其好处。(3 分)

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(3) 这两首诗,在构思上有相同之处,在主旨上有不同之处,请分别指出。(4 分)

构思上的相同之处是：

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主旨上的不同之处是：

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四、 名句名篇默写 (8 分)

10. 补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。

(1) 入则无法家拂士,____________,国恒亡。 (《孟子》)

(2) ____________,蓬门今始为君开。 (杜甫《客至》)

(3) ____________,春与秋其代序。 (屈原《离骚》)

(4) 今年欢笑复明年,____________。 (白居易《琵琶行》)

(5) 且举世而誉之而不加劝,____________,________________________,斯已矣。 (庄子《逍遥游》)

(6) 子曰：“____________,小人同而不和。” (《论语》)

五、 现代文阅读：文学类文本 (20 分)

阅读下面的作品,完成11～14题。

鞋的故事

孙 犁

① 在我这里帮忙做饭的柳嫂,是会做针线的,但她里里外外很忙,不好求她。有一年,她的小妹妹从老家来了。听说是要结婚,到这里置办陪送。

②小书绫却很有心计。婆家是自己找的,定婚以前,她还亲自到婆家私访一次。定婚以后,她除拼命织席以外,还到山沟里去教人家织席。吃带砂子的饭,一个月也不过挣二十元。

③我听了以后,很受感动。我有大半辈子在农村度过,对农村女孩子的勤快劳动,质朴聪明,有很深的印象,对她们有一种特殊的感情。可惜进城以后,失去了和她们接触的机会。城市姑娘,虽然漂亮,我对她们终是格格不入。

④ 柳嫂在我这里帮忙,时间很长了。用人就要做人情。我说：“你妹妹结婚,我想送她一些礼物。 请你把这点钱带给她,看她还缺什么,叫她自己去买吧!”

⑤过了一个月,妹妹的嫁妆操办好了,在回去的前一天,柳嫂把她带了来。

⑥这女孩子身材长得很匀称,像农村的多数女孩子一样,她的额头上,过早地有了几条不太明显的皱纹。她脸面清秀,嘴唇稍厚一些,嘴角上总是带有一点微笑。她看人时,好斜视,却使人感到有一种深情。

⑦小书绫坐在炉子旁边,平日她姐姐坐的那个位置上,看着煮稀饭的锅。

⑧“你给了我那么多钱。”她安定下来以后,慢慢地说,“我又帮不了你什么忙。”

⑨“怎么帮不了？”我笑着说,“以后我走到那里,你能不给我做顿饭吃？”

⑩“我给你做什么吃呀？”女孩子斜视了我一眼。

B11“你可以给我做一碗面条。”我说。

B12我看出,女孩子已经把她的一部分嫁妆穿在身上。她低头撩了撩衣襟说：

B13“我把你给的钱,买了一件这样的衣服。我也不会说,我怎么谢承你呢？”

B14我没有看准她究竟买了一件什么衣服,因为那是一件内衣。我忽然想起鞋的事,就半开玩笑地说：“你能不能给我做一双便鞋呢？”

B15她没有说行,也没有说不行,只是很注意地看了看我伸出的脚。

B16告别的时候,她的姐姐帮她穿好大衣,箍好围巾,理好鬓发。在灯光之下,这女孩子显得非常漂亮,完全像一个新娘,给我留下了容光照人,不可逼视的印象。

B17过春节时,柳嫂回了一趟老家,带回来妹妹给我做的鞋。

B18她一边打开包,一边说：

B19“活儿做得精致极了,下了功夫哩。你快穿穿试试。”

B20我喜出望外,可惜鞋做得太小了。我懊悔地说：

B21“我短了一句话,告诉她往大里做就好了。我当时有一搭没一搭,没想她真给做了。”

B22“我拿到街上,叫人家给拍打拍打,也许可以穿。”柳嫂说。

B23我很珍重这双鞋。我知道,自古以来,女孩子做一双鞋送人,是很重的情意。

B24我还是没有合适的鞋穿。这二年柳嫂不断听到小书绫的消息：她结了婚,生了一个孩子,还是拼命织席,准备盖新房。

B25柳嫂说：“要不,就再叫小书绫给你做一双,这次告诉她做大些就是了。”

B26我说：“人家有孩子,很忙,不要再去麻烦了。”

B27柳嫂的母亲从老家来,带来了小书绫给我做的第二双鞋,穿着很松快,我很满意。柳嫂有些不满地说：“这活儿做得太粗了,远不如上一次。”我想：小书绫上次给我做鞋,是感激之情。这次是情面之情。做了来就很不容易了。我默默地把鞋收好,放到柜子里,和第一双放在一起。

B28柳嫂又说：“小书绫过日子心胜,她男人整天出去贩卖东西。听我母亲说,这双鞋还是她站在院子里,一边看着孩子,一针一线给你做成的哩。眼前,就是农村,也没有人再穿家做鞋了,材料、针线都不好找了。”

B29 她说的都是真情。我们这一代人死了以后,这种鞋就不存在了,长期走过的那条饥饿贫穷、艰难险阻、山穷水尽的道路,也就消失了。农民的生活变得富裕起来,小书绫未来的日子,一定是甜蜜美满的。

B30那里的大自然风光,女孩子们的纯朴美丽的素质,也许是永存的吧。

11. 作者送钱给小书绫做人情,是这个故事的关键之处,请联系全文,说说作者这样做的原因。(4 分)

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12. 作者认为,农村的女孩子勤快劳动、质朴聪明。对小书绫,作者是用什么方法描绘这些特点的？请举例简要分析。(4 分)

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13. 小书绫为我做了两次鞋,第一次“精致极了”,第二次“活儿做得太粗糙了”,原因是什么？作者这样写,目的是什么？(6 分)

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14. 最后一节作者说：“那里的大自然风光,女孩子们的淳朴美丽的素质,也许是永存的吧。”作者用“也许”这个词表达了哪种心理？这句话有什么深意？(6 分)

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六、 现代文阅读：论述类文本 (18 分)

阅读下面的文章,完成15~17题。

论雷峰塔的倒掉

听说，杭州西湖上的雷峰塔倒掉了，听说而已，我没有亲见。但我却见过未倒的雷峰塔，破破烂烂的映掩于湖光山色之间，落山的太阳照着这些四近的地方，就是“雷峰夕照”，西湖十景之一。“雷峰夕照”的真景我也见过，并不见佳，我以为。

然而一切西湖胜迹的名目之中，我知道得最早的却是这雷峰塔。我的祖母曾经常常对我说，白蛇娘娘就被压在这塔底下！有个叫做许仙的人救了两条蛇，一青一白，后来白蛇便化作女人来报恩， 嫁给许仙了；青蛇化作丫鬟，也跟着。一个和尚，法海禅师，得道的禅师，看见许仙脸上有妖气，——凡讨妖怪作老婆的人，脸上就有妖气的，但只有非凡的人才看得出——便将他藏在金山寺的法座后，白蛇娘娘来寻夫，于是就“水漫金山”。 我的祖母讲起来还要有趣得多，大约是出于一部弹词叫作《义妖传》里的，但我没有看过这部书，所以也不知道“许仙”“法海”究竟是否这样写。总而言之， 白蛇娘娘终于中了法海的计策，被装在一个小小的钵盂里了。钵盂埋在地里，上面还造起一座镇压的塔来，这就是雷峰塔。此后似乎事情还很多，如“白状元祭塔”之类，但我现在都忘记了。

那时我惟一的希望，就在这雷峰塔的倒掉。后来我长大了，到杭州，看见这破破烂烂的塔，心里就不舒服。后来我看看书，说杭州人又叫这塔作“保叔塔”，其实应该写作“保俶塔”，是钱王的儿子造的。那么，里面当然没有白蛇娘娘了，然而我心里仍然不舒服，仍然希望他倒掉。

现在，他居然倒掉了，则普天之下的人民，其欣喜为何如？

这是有事实可证的。试到吴、越的山间海滨，探听民意去。凡有田夫野老，蚕妇村氓，除了几个脑髓里有点贵恙的之外，可有谁不为白娘娘抱不平，不怪法海太多事的？

和尚本应该只管自己念经。白蛇自迷许仙，许仙自娶妖怪，和别人有什么相干呢？他偏要放下经卷，横来招是搬非，大约是怀着嫉妒罢，——那简直是一定的。

听说，后来玉皇大帝也就怪法海多事，以至荼毒生灵，想要拿办他了。他逃来逃去，终于逃在蟹壳里避祸，不敢再出来，到现在还如此。我对于玉皇大帝所作的事，腹诽的非常多，独于这一件却很满意，因为“水漫金山”一案，的确应该由法海负责；他实在办得很不错的。只可惜我那时没有打听这话的出处，或者不在《义妖传》中，却是民间的传说罢。

秋高稻熟时节，吴越间所多的是螃蟹，煮到通红之后，无论取哪一只，揭开背壳来，里面就有黄，有膏；倘是雌的，就有石榴子一般鲜红的子。先将这些吃完，即一定露出一个圆锥形的薄膜，再用小刀小心地沿着锥底切下，取出，翻转，使里面向外，只要不破，便变成一个罗汉模样的东西，有头脸，身子，是坐着的，我们那里的小孩子都称他“蟹和尚”，就是躲在里面避难的法海。

当初，白蛇娘娘压在塔底下，法海禅师躲在蟹壳里。现在却只有这位老禅师独自静坐了，非到螃蟹断种的那一天为止出不来。莫非他造塔的时候，竟没有想到塔是终究要倒的么？

活该。

一九二四年十月二十八日

15. 请简要概括本文的论述思路。（ 4分）

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16. 作者说：“那时我惟一的希望，就在这雷峰塔的倒掉。”根据上下文，说说作者为什么希望雷峰塔倒掉？ （8分）

__________________________________

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17. 作者用“活该”两字作结，在结构上和内容上各有什么作用？ （6分）

__________________________________

__________________________________

七、 作文 (70 分)

18. 下面两题作文,任选其一。

第一题：

窗外,有无尽的风景,有五彩的生活,有广大的世界。

透过窗户,你看到了什么？想到了什么？

请以“看窗外”为题,写一篇不少于800字的文章。

要求：①立意自定；②角度自选；③除诗歌外,文体自选。

第二题：

创新往往带来巨大风险。立足于创新的风险投资成功率不足10%。90年代乔布斯几次创新招致全体董事反对,不得不离职而去。王安石变法是创新,但有人说这种创新导致北宋的灭亡。

创新也往往带来巨大的成功。乔布斯的苹果公司的生命就在于创新,不断的创新,使苹果公司成为财富神话,乔布斯成为传奇人物,还造就了无数的“果粉”。中国的改革开放,走了一条自己的路,也是人类历史上的伟大创新,取得了令人瞩目的成就。

创新带来的风险和成功,会引起你的哪些思考，哪些认识，哪些回忆，哪些情感？

请以“创新”为题,写一篇不少于800字的文章。

要求：①立意自定；②角度自选；③不必面面俱到；④除诗歌外,文体自选。

（南京市人民中学 眭建平提供）

4.四年级语文期末模拟考试卷 篇四

1.看拼音写词语。（4分，每个词语0.5分）

dīnɡzhǔfánzhízhnɡhèjuānkuǎn

jiāozàojiǎnɡzhānɡhénjìjíyǔ

2.在词语中书写正确的字上打√。（2分，每个字0.5分）

（堤低）岸江（畔叛）天（幕慕）（率帅）领

3.形近字组词。（4分，每个词语0.5分）

龄（）拔（）旋（）练（）铃（）跋（）旅（）炼（）

4.补充词语。（4分，每个0.5分）

（）笔直书心（）诚服赞不（）口腾云（）雾目（）口呆不知所（）喜出（）外（）心照料

5.查字典填空。（3分，每空0.5分）

你在读文章时，发现“按捺不住”的“捺”字不认识，你会用查字法，先查部，再查画。“捺”字有如下几种解释：①用手按；②抑制；③笔形之一，由上向右斜下。在“按捺”中意思选（），“捺手印”中意思选（）；在“撇捺”中意思选（）。

二、句子。（19分）

1.将句子正确、端正、美观的抄写在格子里。（2分）

“丝绸之路”成为促进亚欧交流和人类文明发展的纽带。

2.选词填空。（4分，每个词语1分）

（1）中指身材修长，皮肤细嫩，颜色红润，颇有养尊处优的（）。（2）詹姆斯马上（）到那是个大家伙。

（1）看到那本撕破的故事书，我陷入了深深的（）。（2）（）往事，我一点也不后悔。

3.造句。（4分，每个2分）

意味深长：心急如焚：

4.按要求改写句子。（4分，每个1分）

（1）我在家里听到街上传来的阵阵锣鼓声和欢呼声。（缩写句子）

（2）以“星星”为内容写一个拟人句。

（3）我不会忘记“欲速则不达”的道理。（改为反问句）

（4）在句子上用修改符号修改病句。盛开着花园里五颜六色的红花。

5.排列句序。（5分，选对一个1分）

（）从这以后，小明一放学就往书店跑，直到把书看完为止。

（）有一次，小明在书店看到一本《小学生作文选》，但没钱买。

（）书店的叔叔一听笑了。

（）他告诉小明不能换，但欢迎他随时来阅读。

（）于是，他从家里选出两本已经看过的《小学生作文选》，兴致勃勃地跑到书店说：“叔叔，我用这两本书换那一本行吗？

三、诗文。（12分）

1.补充诗句。（4分，每空0.5分）

（1）本期我们学的《》是诗人韦应物的七言绝句。

（2）古诗《游园不值》的作者是代诗人，诗句是这样写的：。。

2.判断正误。（4分，每题1分）

（1）只有按照正当的法规生活的人，才不同于动物。——《孟子》（）

（2）羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故乡。——（东晋）陶渊明（）

（3）兰溪棹歌(宋)戴叔伦凉月如眉挂柳湾，越中山色镜中看。兰溪三日桃花雨，半夜鲤鱼来上滩。（）

（4）《太阳的话》中具有号召力的句子是：打开你们的窗子吧，打开你们的板门吧……。（）

3.我会连。（4分，每句1分）

5.语文试卷模拟 篇五

一、注音/看拼音写汉字

1、机

杼

2、可

汗

3、粲

然

4、chou chang

（）

（）

（）

（）

5、羸

弱

6、毋

宁

7、gao qing

8、凛

冽（）（）

（）

（）

9、tun shi

10、犁

铧

11、虫

豸

12、shai kang（）（）

（）

（）

13、硌 着

14、pin cu

15、乙

醚

16、剽

悍

（）（）

（）

（）

二、文学常识填空

1、《爸爸的花儿落了》作者

（地方）作家

（名字），代表作品有、。

2、《伤仲永》的作者

，（朝代）

家，家，家。

3、《木兰诗》又名《

》《

》，选自《

》。

4、《孙权劝学》选自 《

》，这是

主持编纂的一部

体通史。

5、《社戏》是一篇，作者

，原名，浙江绍兴人。

家

家

家。其父亲名叫。

6、《安塞腰鼓》作者，人。

7、《观舞记》作者

，现代

家，家。原名

，福建人。

8、《伟大的悲剧》一文的作者是，（国）作家。

9、《夸父逐日》选自《

》。《共工怒触不周山》选自《

》

10、《猫》的作者是，是现代

。

11、《斑羚飞渡》一文选自《

》，作者是，原名。

他的作品在海内外赢得广泛声誉，他被誉为“

”。

12、《狼》的作者

，字

，号，世称，代杰出的家。

三、各类解词

1、投以骨的“以”

2、两狼之并驱如故的“故”

3、恐前后受其敌的“敌”

4、盖以诱敌的“盖”

5、宾客意少舒的“舒”

6、其父呓语的“呓”

7、道渴而死的“渴”

8、关山度若飞的“度”

9、万里赴戎机的“戎”

10、出门看火伴的“火”

四、背诵默写填空

1、假如生活欺骗了你，！

2、归来见天子。，赏赐百千强。

3、未几，夫齁声起。微闻有鼠作作索索。

4、饮于河，；河、渭不足。未至。

5、独怜幽草涧边生。

6、，崔九堂前几度闻。

7、有约不来过夜半。

8、，弹琴复长啸。

9、此夜曲中闻折柳。

10、，各领风骚数百年。

五、课内现代文/文言文阅读

①我的很重的心忽而轻松了，身体也似乎舒展到说不出的大。一出门，便望见月 下的平桥内泊着一支白蓬的航船，大家跳下船，双喜拔前篙，阿发拔后篙，年幼 的都陪我坐在舱中，较大的聚在船尾。母亲送出来吩咐“要小心”的时候，我们 已经点开船，在桥石上一嗑，退后几尺，即又上前出了桥。于是架起两只橹，一 只两人，一里一换，有说笑的，有嚷的，夹着潺潺的船头激水的声音，在左右都 是碧绿的豆麦田地的河流中，飞一般径向赵庄前进了。

②两岸的豆麦和河底的水草所发散出来的清香，夹杂在水气中铺面的吹来；月色 便朦胧在这水气里。淡黑的起伏的连山，仿佛是踊跃的铁的兽脊似的，都远远的 向船尾跑去了，但我却还以为船慢。他们换了四回手，渐望见依稀的赵庄，而且 似乎听到歌吹了，还有几点火，料想便是戏台，但或者也许是渔火。

③那声音大概是横笛，宛转，悠扬，使我的心也沉静，然而又自失起来，觉得要 和他弥散在含着豆麦蕴藻之香的夜气里。

1、选文第一句“我的很重的心忽而轻松了，身体也似乎舒展到说不出的大”中 “轻松”和“舒展”表现了“我”什么样的心情？

2、从文段中找出描写少年们开船的动词：

3、体会画线句子的含义，为什么说山“踊跃”

4、第②段加线的句子“淡黑的„„跑去了”以“ ”比喻“连山”以“ ” 形容“淡黑”，以“ ”形容“起伏”，绘形烩色，以动写，把静态的山作 态的描绘，表现船在飞快的前进。

共工怒触不周山

昔者，共工与颛顼争为帝，怒而触不周之山，天柱折，地维绝。天倾西北，故日月星辰移焉；地不满东南，故氺潦尘埃归焉。

1、解释下列句中加点的词语。<1>共工与颛顼争为帝 <2>怒而触不周之山

<3>天柱折，地维绝

2、翻译句子

<1>故故日月星辰移焉

3、从全文看，本文从神话角度解说了怎样的自然现象？

4、从文中看，造成日月星辰移动，江河奔流的原因是什么？（用原文中的语句回答）

5、试就你所了解的知识，从科学的角度解说本文所揭示的自然现象。

六、作文

提示：爱国是我们每个人都要拥有的品质。同样的感情，不同的表达，但都富有震撼人心的力量。面对日益繁荣昌盛的祖国，你想说些什么呢？请以《祖国，让我轻轻的告诉你》为题，写一篇作文。

6.六年级语文毕业考试模拟试卷 篇六

一、看拼音写词语，注意把字写得端正美观。（5分）

wú ɡūjiǎo jiànkānɡ kǎituì sèēn huì

（）()()()()

二、成语是一座丰富的文化宝库，多记善用，能增加文章的表达效果。你能活学活用吗？（8分）

1．填字成词。

温文尔（）司空见（）（）为壮观余音绕（）

2．“粉身碎骨”是蕴涵在“粉身碎骨全不怕”这句古诗中的，像这样出自诗句的成语还有“柳暗花明、、”等。

3．这个案件错综复杂，侦探们，真相终于。

三、生活处处皆语文。按要求写句子。（9分）

1．古诗“春种一粒粟，秋收万颗子。”让我想到这两样农具：、，我还知道李贺借马来抒发自己为国建功立业情怀的诗句是：_____，_____ _。（2分）

2．结合事物的特点，把下面的句子写的生动有趣一些。（至少三处）（3分）夏夜是迷人的，萤火虫飞来飞去，青蛙呱呱地叫着，风吹着柳叶，柳叶摇晃着。______________________________________ ______________________________________________。

3．这次比赛的结果，同学们都很满意。（用 “无„„不„„”改写，意思不变）（1分）。

4．综合改错。（错别字、标点、语病共6处）（3分）

“六一”庆祝会上，宣读了优秀少先队员的名单，特别发扬了刘华的先进事迹。听了这个消息，同学们纷纷向他庆祝，刘华十分激动极了，他表明自己的决心：今后一定要再接再励，刻苦钻研，努力攀登科学高峰。

四、根据课文内容填空。（15分）

1．、的长江让我自豪。古代许多诗句中也写到了长江：如“无边落木萧萧下。” “，碧水东流至此回。”（2分）

2．子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”这句话中的“子”是，这句话出自他和他的学生的语录集，告诉我 1

们。（2分）

3．古诗是我们中华文化的瑰宝，学习古诗词，还要注意联系，李清照还有一首《如梦令》，内容是这样的：“昨夜雨疏风骤，浓睡不消残酒，试问卷帘人，___________________。知否，知否，_________________。”还要会想象，如“青箬笠，绿蓑衣，_________________。”我不禁想到志南的一句诗：“沾衣欲湿杏花雨，________________。”（2分）

4．“大自然__！广袤的大地是她___ ___，茂盛的森林是她_ _____，温暖的太阳是她__ ___，和煦的轻风是她_„„”写得真美！这里的“她”指的是__，省略号表示__。请你再接着写一句 _________ _。（4分）

5．在__________里，在__________里，在______ __里，看不出有什么_____________的时候，也看不出有什么___________的时候，无日_____________。这句话写出了夹竹桃__________的特点。作者喜欢夹竹桃，是因为夹竹桃的___________，还能__________。月光下的夹竹桃，在季羡林眼里是____________、是____________、是____________，真是浮想联翩、妙趣横生啊！（4分）

6．告诉我们有时批评的话语虽然尖锐，但对我们的成长有很大的用处的格言是：（1分）。

五、本学期你阅读了不少好文章，一定积累了不少知识，看看这些题目，会做吗？给自己加把劲！（6分）

1．我国古典名著《西游记》的作者是，主要记述了唐僧师徒4人历经（多少）难，战胜各路，终于取回真经的故事。这本名著中我最喜欢的故事有 《》。“满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪。都云作者痴，谁解其中味。”这是我国古典文学名著《________》的开卷诗。

2．我读书，我快乐！我们不光学课文，课外还要努力读整本的书，读名著，像生于江苏盐城的我国著名作家曹文轩为我们青少年编著的《》。本学期，我课外重点读了（作者）这本书《》，明白了。

六、阅读天地。（26分）

《天游峰扫路人》片段（8分）

“如今游客多，您老工作挺累吧？”

“不累，不累，我每天早晨扫上上，傍晚扫下山，扫一程，歇一程，再把好山好水看一程。”他说得轻轻松松，自在悠闲。

我抬头望了望在暮色中顶天立地的天游峰，上山九百多级，下山九百多级，一上一下一千八百多级。那层层叠叠的石阶，常常使游客们气喘吁吁，大汗淋漓，甚

至望而却步，半途而返。可是这位老人每天都要一级一级扫上去，再一级一级扫下来„„我不禁倒抽了一口气。

1．“顶天立地”的意思是__。这个成语写出了天游峰的_______________。（1分）

2．“我不禁倒抽了一口气。”中的“禁”应读_______，用它的另外一个读音可以组成词语：___ __。“我不禁倒抽了一口气”。是因为_____________________________。（2分）

3．片段中的“___________”、“__________”这两个词语写出了游人爬山时吃力的样子；“___________”、“__________”这两个词语写出了游人爬山时的畏难的情绪。短文拿游人和老人作对比，写出了老人___________、____ _____ _。（3分）

4．你觉得老人每天这么干活真的像他说的“不累”吗？他为什么说不累？（2分）

____________________________________________________________________________________。

（二）好读书（17分）

①因为你心灵饥渴，所以要读书。

②读书是为了获取知识，这是最简单不过的道理。前辈们用智慧探寻大自然的奥秘，以文字作下了永久的记录，便有了科学书；他们研究人类社会的发展史，探求规律，便有了历史书；他们思考人与自然、社会之间的关系，便有了哲学书；他们用生动的形象，表达人类的故事，便有了文学书。

③读书，自然不能只局限于课本，走出课本读书，那才是真正意义上的读书，那才是真正惬意的事情。读书要有选择，只要有阅读兴趣，适合自己的年龄层次和品味的书，我们都可以找出来读。但读书并非一味看热闹，也不能因贪多而走马观花，囫囵吞枣。（）看了，（）一定要有自己的想法。一旦真正读懂了一本或几本书，你就能真正体味到读书的欢愉和乐此不疲，你的修养、素质也会在潜移默化中得到提升。

④试想，在暖春的艳阳下，鸟儿鸣叫，百花飘香，你领略着自然的神奇，体味着人生的哲理，聆听着一位智慧老人的谆谆教导；在凉秋的灯下，万籁俱寂，你坐在桌前读书，无数鲜活的形象走到你面前，与你交谈„„这是多么惬意的事情。⑤读书诱发了人的思绪，使想象超越时空；读书丰富了人的思想，如接触大智慧的老人；读书开拓了人的精神世界，使人生更加美丽。

⑥书给予人们的实在太多，谁可不读书？

1．给加点的字注音。1分

惬（）意谆谆（）教导

2． 文中与“囫囵吞枣”意思相近的成语是___________。请写三个它的反义词：____________ ____________ ____________。2分

3．相传蜀汉大将军关羽写过《戒子书》，书中有这样一句话：“读书好，好读书，读好书。”想想这句话中的三个分句各表达了什么意思？3分

（1）“读书好”的意思：________________________________________________

（2）“好读书”的意思：________________________________________________

（3）“读好书”的意思：________________________________________________

4．把文中括号里填写合适的关联词。2分

5．联系上下文理解词语。2分

乐此不疲：____________________________________________________________潜移默化：____________________________________________________________⑥内容换一种说法，意思不变。2分

_____________________________________________________________________

6．如果家长认为读课外书会影响学习，你该怎样和他们沟通？3分

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7．仔细阅读第⑤段中画横线的句子，注意加点的词，接下去再写一句。2分_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

六、习作。（30分）

读下面短文的开头，开展想象，续写下文。看谁写得更精彩！字数500字左右。猪八戒办学

唐僧、孙悟空一行四人取得真经回来，在长安城引起了极大的轰动。大伙儿对他们的成功十分羡慕，也想从他们那里获得去西天取经的经验，提议办一所取经学校。当时，唐僧、孙悟空、沙僧已调往其他部门任要职，于是推荐了最佳人选猪八戒担任校长，请他主讲师徒四人历经磨难、取得真经的经验和体会。开学典礼那一天，猪校长满怀激情、充满自信地走上讲台„„

参考答案：

一、看拼音写词语，注意把字写得端正美观。

无辜 矫健 慷慨 褪色 恩惠

二、成语，你能活学活用吗？

1．温文尔雅 司空见惯 蔚为壮观 余音绕梁.2．不拘一格 万紫千红

3．明察秋毫 水落石出

三、生活处处皆语文。按要求写句子。

1．两样农具（耧）.(镰刀)诗句是（何当金络脑），（快走踏清秋）。

2．夏夜是迷人的，萤火虫提着灯笼飞来飞去，青蛙在唱着交响乐曲，风吹着柳叶，柳树舒展着自己的腰身。

3．这次比赛的结果，同学们无人不满意。

4．综合改错。（错别字、标点、语病共6处）（3分）

“六一”庆祝会上，（老师）宣读了优秀少先队员的名单，特别发扬（赞扬）了刘华的先进事迹。听了这个消息，同学们纷纷向他庆祝，（.）刘华十分激动极了（“极了”去掉），他表明（）自己的决心：（“）今后一定要再接再励（再接再厉），刻苦钻研，努力攀登科学高峰。（”）

四、根据课文内容填空。

1．气势磅礴、源远流长 “无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。天门中断楚江开，碧水东流至此回。

2.”这句话中的“子”是 孔子，《论语》，告诉我们学习而不思考，人会被知识的表象所蒙蔽；思考而不学习，则会因为疑惑而更加危险。（2分）

3.却道海棠依旧 应是绿肥红瘦 斜风细雨不须归 吹面不寒杨柳风

4．“大自然多像一位伟大的母亲啊！广袤的大地是她宽广的胸怀，茂盛的森林是她飘逸的长发，温暖的太阳是她明亮的牟子，和煦的轻风是她甜蜜的絮语„„”写得真美！这里的“她”指的是大自然，省略号表示还没有写完。请你再接着写一句：险峻的高山是她隆起的鼻子。（4分）

5.在和煦的春风里，在盛夏的暴雨里，在深秋的清冷里，看不出有什么特别茂盛的时候，也看不出有什么特别衰败的时候，无日迎风吐艳。这句话写出了夹竹桃具有韧性的特点。作者喜欢夹竹桃，是因为夹竹桃的韧性，还能引起作者许多幻想。月光下的夹竹桃，在季羡林眼里是小池塘、是地图、是墨竹，真是浮想联翩、妙趣横生啊！（4分）

6.良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行

阅读实践营――我来赛一赛！31﹪

五、本学期你阅读了不少好文章，一定积累了不少知识，看看这些题目，会做吗？

给自己加把劲！

1．施耐庵 81难 妖魔 三打白骨精 红楼梦

2． 草房子 略

六、阅读天地。（26分）

《天游峰扫路人》片段

1．“顶天立地”的意思是头顶云天，脚踏大地。形容形象高大，气概豪迈。这个成语写出了天游峰的高耸入云。（2分）

2.“我不禁倒抽了一口气。”中的“禁”应读jin，用它的另外一个读音可以组成词语：禁止。“我不禁倒抽了一口气”。是因为老人每天扫台阶，一共要扫一千八百多级的石阶。（2分）

3.片段中的“气喘吁吁”、“大汗淋漓”这两个词语写出了游人爬山时吃力的样子；“望而却步”、“半途而返”这两个词语写出了游人爬山时的畏难的情绪。短文拿游人和老人作对比，写出了老人他乐观向上.热爱生活。（3分）

4.你觉得老人每天这么干活真的像他说的“不累”吗？他为什么说不累？（2分）

当然不会不累，老人其实干活很累。

老人说不累，是因为他很乐观，懂得在忙碌辛苦中看到生活中的好风景，老人对生活充满热爱，充满希望，这是一种很好 的生活态度.（二）好读书

1．qiè zhūn jǐ

2．走马观花 含英咀华 咬文嚼字 字斟句酌

3．相传蜀汉大将军关羽写过《戒子书》，书中有这样一句话：“读书好，好读书，读好书。”想想这句话中的三个分句各表达了什么意思？3分

(1)读书可以学到知识，开阔眼界，有好处。

(2)要勤奋，要喜欢读。

(3)读有意义、积极向上、健康的书。

4．既然„„就„„

5．乐此不疲：

7.大学英语四级模拟试卷 篇七

Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled PayingKids for Chores?You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below.

1.现在有不少家长付钱让孩子做家务

2.有人对此赞成,也有人表示反对

3.我的看法

Paying Kids for Chores?

PartⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answerthe questions.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Universities Must Deal Better with Complaints

With student complaints at a record high,universities will have to raise their game once tu-ition fees rise.

Two universities that have broken official rules for dealing with student complaints are namedtoday in the independent adjudicator's(仲裁人的) annual report.The two,Southampton and Westminster,are the first to be exposed in this way—yet another sign of the new era in which universities are expected to be more accountable (负责的) to students who expect to be treated as customers.

The Office of the Independent Adjudicator (OIA),which reviews complaints when students haveexhausted their university's procedures,also reports a record rise in the number of cases.Last year the office received 1,341 complaints against universities in England and Wales,the highest number ever and an unprecedented(空前的) rise of one-third on the year before.

As the adjudicator himself,Rob Behrens,points out,1,341 complaints represents just 0.05%of higher education students,and 53%of those were not justified.But,he also observes,the proportion of justified and partly justified complaints has grown for the first time in several years.He predicts the increase in complaints will continue."It's to be expected where you have rising tuition fees,where students are being invited to behave like consumers and where the labour market is difficult so students will do what they can to ensure they qualify."

He says his decision to expose the universities of Southampton and Westminster is not"nam-ing and shaming,with all the associations of moral censure that term implies".He was,he explains,simply following OIA rules—something those two institutions failed to do.

Westminster fell short in its handling of two complaints.One was from a student who argueda disability hadn't been properly taken into account.The adjudicator agreed.The other student claimed that an exam question and its marking scheme had been unreasonable.In both cases the university broke the rules by failing to resolve the cases,as recommended,promptly and in full.

At Southampton University,four months after the OIA concluded that an undergraduate had ajustified complaint about their experience on a placement,the university continued to oppose the decision and was refusing compensation.

In a second case,the university also failed to comply with the adjudicator's decision.And ina third one,although the complaint turned out to be unjustified,for 10 months the university delayed the investigation by failing to provide evidence despite the adjudicator's repeated reminders.

At both universities,it was only after the adjudicator involved the vice-chancellors (大学副校长) that the complaints began to be resolved.

Behrens is pleased the relationships between his office and both universities are now muchmore positive."As the government places more emphasis on the student experience,complaints have an important role in safeguarding that,"he says."Universities must see complaints as feedback to become more professional."

Both Southampton and Westminster universities want to charge undergraduates annual fees of£9,000.There is an expectation,not only from ministers,but importantly from students and their families,too,that all universities wishing to increase charges will move to increase student satisfaction as well.

Before making an investment of£27,000,for example,each student will ask,"Is this good val-ue?Is the teaching good?Is this the best route to a successful career?"

Universities are being encouraged,some may say pressurised,to become more transparent andaccountable in a number of ways.

The government is urging all universities to publish a student charter,a sort of statement ofterms and conditions to remind students of their responsibilities and their rights.Universities are also expected to publish"key information sets"by September 2012.These will enable students to shop around by providing the same 17 pieces of information about each institution,including,for example,the proportion of"contact"time and group work,and the careers and starting salaries of previous graduates.

The OIA is already looking at creative ways to cope with both limited resources and likelyfurther rises in student complaints.Settling more disputes by phone is one option;helping universities to install an independent ombudsman (巡视员) on each campus—an idea borrowed from the Netherlands and the US—is another.

The question is,are UK universities well prepared for the new consumer culture where thedeal is if you pay more,you expect more,and if you feel you're not getting it,you'll complain?

The question is particularly pertinent for the universities of Southampton and Westminster onthe day they are exposed for dragging their feet with a legally established adjudicator.Both vicechancellors were unavailable for interview.

In a statement,Professor Debra Humphris,Southampton's pro-vice-chancellor,education,saidthe vast majority of the small number of student complaints are dealt with swiftly,described the dialogue with the OIA as"constructive and supportive"and said that an improved complaints procedure will be in place this autumn.

In a more defiant statement,Professor Geoffrey Petts,vice-chancellor at Westminster,points outthat the university is working with the OIA towards compliance with its recommendations:"The University of Westminster was disappointed to have been cited in the OIA report.The university has robust procedures for handling the very small number of formal complaints which it receives from stude nts.”

Aaron Porter,the president of the National Union of Students,has welcomed the new step ofnaming universities that don't fully co-operate with the adjudicator."In an environment where students are paying higher fees and will therefore raise expectations,they need to know which institutions stic.k to the rules."

He also makes this warning:"Faced with increasing competition to recruit students,many uni-versities are being tempted to make grander and grander claims.They need to improve their offer,but they need to be honest in what they promise."

The advice is echoed by Steve Smith,president of Universities UK and vice-chancellor of theUniversity of Exeter.He sees,in the adjudicator's annual report,a sector getting to grips with a new world where students are more demanding and will make sure universities correctly follow procedures."It is vital that institutions are honest and transparent about what students can expect from their courses.In an age of marketing,don't oversell.Any institution will have to make sure they do what they say.”

1.Southampton and Westminster's being named shows that______.

A) the independent adjudicator is quite impartial

B) the two universities have a very bad reputation

C) universities are expected to be more responsible

D) college students are treated with much respect now

2.What is said about last year's complaints against universities in England and Wales?

A) Few of them turned out to be completely justified.

B) They were much less than those on the year before

C) Most of the complaints were exposed in the report.

D) The number of the complaints reached a record high.

3.According to Rob Behrens,the increase in complaints is likely to continue as long as______.

A) we are living in a customer culture B) universities increase tuition fees

C) students have to pay their tuition fees D) the level of unemployment keeps rising

4.When a student complained about an exam question,the University of Westminster______.

A) deliberately delayed the investigation B) didn't deal with the complaint swiftly

C) modified the marking scheme promptly D) handled the case following official rules

5.Behrens believes that complaints play an important role in______.

A) safeguarding the student experience

B) protecting the interests of universities

C) enhancing customers'shopping experience

D) improving government employees'service

6.Students and their families expect that universities wanting more tuition fees will______.

A) offer more part-time jobs B) lower entrance requirements

C) increase student satisfaction D) invest more in teaching facilities

7.For the OIA,to resolve more complaints with limited resources,one option is to______.

A) urge universities to simplify their procedures

B) use the telephone to deal with the complaints

C) cooperate with officials from other countries

D) send an independent ombudsman to each school

8.According to Professor Debra Humphris,the University of Southampton will be ready to use______this autumn.

9.Aaron Porter warns that universities should not only______butalso be frank in their offer.

10.Steve Smith,president of Universities UK,understands that we have entered a new era wherestudents become more______.

PartⅢListening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.Atthe end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer.

11.A) He fell ill on the jet plane.B) He has been working too hard.

C) He went to bed too late last night.D) He hasn't adapted to the new time yet.

12.A) The man doesn't have a strong enough will.

B) The man loves horror films.

C) The man will see the film anyway.

D) The man studied for the whole night last night.

13.A) Not to worry about the ticket.B) Buy a ticket at a higher price.

C) Book an air ticket in advance.D) Wait for others to cancel their booking.

14.A) The young man had some unusual problems.

B) The problem is common for young people.

C) It's not common for young men to leave home.

D) It was a problem for John when he left home.

15.A) The man will have no choices left.

B) The man had better go there quickly.

C) The man should go when he has spare time.

D) The books are a bit scratched and are of poor quality.

16.A) She can't afford the time for the trip.

B) She will manage to leave this month.

C) She has to change the time for the trip.

D) She hasn't decided where to go next month.

17.A) It is located near a large residential area.

B) It is open around-the-clock on weekends.

C) It is the same as other banks in any way.

D) It provides convenience and quality service.

18.A) He will go to see a doctor about his coughing.

B) He has had a heart attack because of smoking.

C) He is coughing because of too much smoking.

D) He has a serious lung disease and heart attack already.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19.A) Go to summer school.B) Take a vacation.

C) Stay at home.D) Earn some money.

20.A) They hired someone to stay in their home.

B) They left their pets with neighbors.

C) They rented their house to a student.

D) They asked their gardener to watch their home.

21.A) Walking the dog.B) Cutting the grass.

C) Watching the children.D) Feeding the fish.

22.A) They attend a house-sitter's party.

B) They check a house-sitter's references.

C) They interview a house-sitter's friends.

D) They look at a house-sitter's transcripts.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23.A) Writing reports for them.

B) Teaching them foreign languages.

C) Helping them deal with daily existence.

D) Introducing work for them.

24.A) They don't have support networks.

B) They cannot cope with the difficulties in their lives.

C) The woman is famous for helping others.

D) People from their nationality refuse to help them.

25.A) They were surprised at the flavors.

B) They could find food they know and love.

C) There was at least one Chinese restaurant in every China town.

D) Americans have different foods.

Section B

Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,youwill hear some questions.Both the passage and questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A),B),C) and D).Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26.A) To do some research.B) To support his family.

C) To pay for his college education.D) To help his partner expand business.

27.A) It stood at an unfavorable place.

B) It lowered the prices to promote sales.

C) It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches.

D) It made no profits due to poor management.

28.A) They had enough money to do it.

B) They had succeeded in their business.

C) They wanted to make others believe that they were successful.

D) They wished to meet the increasing demand of customers.

29.A) Learning by trial and error.B) Making friends with suppliers.

C) Finding a good partner.D) Opening chain stores.

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30.A) To exchange ideas.B) To prove their value.

C) To achieve success in life.D) To overcome their fear of silence.

31.A) About whatever they have prepared.B) About whatever they want to do.

C) About learning something new.D) About getting on well.

32.A) To explain why people keep talking.

B) To persuade people to stop making noises.

C) To encourage people to join in conversations.

D) To discuss why people like talking about weather.

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33.A) Bettering his way of life.

B) Improving his surroundings.

C) Modifying the face of the planet.

D) Altering the physical features of the earth.

34.A) When the ecological balance of the river is lost.

B) When people consume more fish than they used to.

C) When large numbers of algae,fish and birds are killed.

D) When the production of marine petroleum is increased.

35.A) Ecologists.B) Industrialists.

C) Businessmen.D) Environmentalists.

Section C

Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read forthe first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.

Today we are going to practice evaluating the main tool used when addressing groups—the (36)______.There are three main elements that combine to create either a positive or negative(37)______for listeners.They can (38)______in a voice that is pleasing to listen to and can be used effectively,or they can create a voice that doesn't hold the attention,or even worse causes an (39)______reaction.The three elements are volume,pitch and pace.

When talking about volume,keep in mind that a good speaker will adjust to the size of boththe room and the audience.Of course,with an (40)______device like a microphone,the speaker can use a (41)______tone.But speakers should not be (42)______on it.A good speaker can speak loudly without shouting.

The second element—pitch—is related to the highness and lowness of the sounds.High pitchesare for most people more difficult to listen to,so in general,the speaker should use the lower (43)______of the voice.(44)______.

The third element,pace—this is how fast or slow words and sounds are articulated—should al-so be varied.(45)______.Pauses ought to be used to signal transitions or create anticipation.It can be very effective when moving from one topic to another(46)______.

PartⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to shed.You may even have tried afad(时尚) diet or two,but found yourself right back where you 47.The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity.And surprisingly,you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term,49 effects.

Your body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing,blood circulation and digestion.The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active,51 energy is required.It isobtained from glycogen(糖原) and fat stored in the blood,liver,and muscles.The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.

Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activi-ty.The higher the intensity,the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates.The lower the intensity,the 53 your body will rely on fat as its fuel.

Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss.When you perform aerobic activities you 55contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms.Walking,running,rollerblading,swimming,dancing,and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly,if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration,you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise.In short,a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.

Section B

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished state me nts.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

The warming of the Arctic is releasing a new wave of banned toxic chemicals that had beentrapped in the ice and cold water,scientists have discovered.

The researchers warn that the amount of the poisons stored in the polar region is unknownand their release could"undermine global efforts to reduce environmental and human exposure to them."

The chemicals leaking out as temperatures rise include DDT,lindane,chlordane,PCBs andHCBs.All of these persistent organic pollutants (Pops) are banned under the 2004 Stockholm Convention.

Pops can cause cancers and birth defects and take a very long time to degrade(降解),mean-ing they can be transported for long distances and accumulate over time.

Over past decades,the low temperatures in the Arctic trapped volatile(易挥发的) Pops in iceand cold water.But scientists in Canada and Norway have now discovered that global warming is freeing the Pops once again.

They examined measurements of Pops in the air between 1993 and 2009 at the Zeppelin re-search station in Svalbaard and Alert weather station in northern Canada.After allowing for the decline in global emissions of Pops,the team showed that the toxic chemicals are being remobilised by rising temperatures and the retreat of the sea ice,which exposes more water to the Sun.For example,air concentrations of PCBs and HCBs have shown a rising trend from about 2004 onwards.

Hayley Hung,a member of Environment Canada and of the team,said its work provided thefirst evidence of the releasing of Pops in the Arctic."But this is the beginning of a story,"she said."The next step is to find out how much is in the Arctic,how much will leak out and how quickly."With the exception of lindane,there was little existing knowledge of the scale of the Pops stored in high latitude(纬度) regions.

The fate of the frozen Pops depends on the speed of warming in the Arctic—it is currentlyheating up much more quickly than lower latitudes—as well as how the chemicals interact with snow and rain.Pops accumulate in fats and are therefore concentrated up the food chain,but Hung cautions that food chains themselves in the Arctic may be altered by climate change.

57.What have the researchers discovered in the Arctic?

A) The ice and cold water in the region contain banned toxic chemicals.

B) Poisons stored in the region are leaking out due to global warming.

C) The amount of toxic chemicals in the region could destroy all mankind.

D) The ecosystem in the region has been changed by rising temperatures.

58.What do we learn about Pops from the passage?

A) They pose a threat to marine life and humans.

B) They are substances that are easily degraded.

C) They can be found only in the polar region.

D) They will decrease in number if moving in the air.

59.By"the toxic chemicals are being remobilised"(Line 3,Para.6),the author means that the Pops______.

A) are taking in the form of ice or water

B) are becoming more and more poisonous

C) are able to move easily and quickly in the water

D) are no longer trapped in the ice and cold water

60.According to Hayley Hung,the scientists need to figure out______.

A) the harm the Pops will do to human beings

B) why the Pops have been trapped in the ice

C) the scale of the Pops stored in the Arctic

D) how to eliminate the banned toxic chemicals

61.What is said about the warming in the Arctic?

A) Human activities have sped it up.

B) It may change the food chains.

C) It is affected by the release of the Pops.D) It happened earlier than other regions.

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

If you haven,t heard or seen anything about road rage in the last few months,you've proba-bly been avoiding the media.There have been countless stories about this new and scary phenomenon,considered a type of aggressive driving.If you drive,you have more than likely encountered aggressive driving.

While drunk driving remains a critical problem,the facts about aggressive driving are surely asdisturbing.For instance,according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA),41,907 people died on the highways last year.Of those fatalities,the agency estimates that about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.

Why is this phenomenon occurring more than ever now,and why is it something that seemedalmost nonexistent a few short years ago?Experts have several theories,and all are probably partially correct.One suggestion is sheer overcrowding.In the last decade,the number of cars on the roads has increased by over 11%,and the number of miles driven has increased by 35%.Meanwhile,the number of new road miles has only increased by 1%.That means more cars in the same amount of space;and the problem is magnified in urban areas.

Also,people have less time and more things to do.With people working and trying to fit extrachores and activities into the day,stress levels have never been higher.Stress creates anxiety,which leads to short tempers.These factors,when combined in certain situations,can spell road rage.

You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively,but you might be sur-prised.For instance,have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver,honked long and hard at another car,or sped up to keep another driver from passing?If you recognize yourself in any of these situations,watch out!

Whether you are getting angry at other drivers or if another driver is visibly upset with you,there are things you can do to avoid major confrontations.If you are susceptible (受影响的) to road rage,the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way.If you are the target of another driver's rage,do everything possible to get away from the other driver safely,including avoiding eye contact and getting out of their way.

62.What do we learn from the first paragraph?

A) The media coined the term"Road Rage"only a few months ago

.B) People have been raged by media reports and want to avoid them.

C) People not interested in the media know little about recent happenings.

D) Road rage has received much media coverage in the last few months.

63.According to NHTSA,last year on the highways______.

A) approximately two thirds of drivers were killed by road rage

B) road rage remained the No.1 killer and took 41,907 people's lives

C) more people were killed by aggressive driving than by drunk driving

D) drunk driving was a problem more serious than aggressive driving

64.Which of the following is not mentioned as a cause of aggressive driving?

A) Drivers'stress and anxiety.B) Rush hour traffic.

C) Increasing number of cars.D) Overcrowded roads.

65.According to the passage,aggressive driving is characterized by______.

A) driving at full speed B) yelling at another driver

C) talking while driving D) sounding the horn when passing

66.The last paragraph is intended to______.

A) tell people how to cope with road rage

B) inform people how aggressive drivers could be

C) tell people how to control themselves when angry

D) warn people against eye contact with another driver

PartⅤCloze (15 minutes)

Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are fourchoices marked A),B),C) and D) on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

Are organically grown foods the best food choices?The advantages claimed for such foods 67 conventionallygrown food products are now being 68.Advocates oforganic foods—a term whose meaning 69 greatly—frequently proclaim that such products are safer andmore nutritious than others.

The growing interest of consumers in the safetyand nutritional quality of the 70 North American dietis a welcome development.71,much of this interest has been sparked by sweeping claims that the foodsupply is unsafe or inadequate in meeting nutritional72.Although most of these claims are not supported by scientific 73,the preponderance (优势) ofwritten material advancing such claims makes it difficult for the general public to distinguish fact74 fiction.As a result,claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods75 or cures disease or provides other benefitsto health have become 76 advertised and form the basis for folklore (民俗).

77 daily the public is surrounded by claimsfor"no aging"diets,new vitamins,and other wonder foods.Many an unfounded report 78 that naturalvitamins are superior 79 synthetic ones,that fertilizedeggs excel unfertilized eggs nutritionally,and the 80.One thing that most organically grown foodproducts seem to have in 81 is that they cost more than conventionally grown foods.But in many82 consumers are misled if they believe thatorganic foods can 83 health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods.84 there is a real cause for concern ifconsumers,85 those with limited incomes,distrust the regular food supply and buy merely expensive organic foods 86.

PartⅥTranslation (5 minutes)

Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

87.______(冒着破产的危险),he invested all his money in this facto-ry.

88.Many people______(理所当然地认为)marriage is the goal of every young woman's inmost thought.

89.It's time______(采取一些有效措施)to solve the pollution prob-lem all over the county.

90.John can not afford a car,______(更不用说房子了).

91.It______(我想起来)he might be interested in the problem we had disucssed.

(本刊资料)

《大学英语四级模拟试卷》参考答案及听力文字材料:

PartⅠ

Possible version 1:

Paying Kids for Chores?

A rising proportion of parents pay their children to do chores around the house nowadays.Forexample,some parents will give their kids allowances if they clean the room,do laundry,set the table,or prepare simple food for the family.

People differ on whether parents should pay their kids for doing housework.Supporters saytying kids'allowances to housework is a good way to teach kids accountability and responsibility.It also helps children learn about money and how it works.But critics of this approach say children should do routine housework for free.The reason is simple:chores are part of a family,and everyone does chores.

Personally,I don't think parents should adopt the pay-for-work view.Paying kids to help outsends the wrong message:they are entitled to freely have everything parents provide for them while the contributions they make to the family have to be paid for.It risks creating teenagers who would worship money and who are likely to drive a hard bargain just to take out the garbage.

Possible version 2:

Paying Kids for Chores?

To foster a love for work and help them become accustomed to it,many Chinese,especiallythose in big cities,pay their only child to do chores at home.Usually the amount of money given to the child depends on the child's age,the family's income and the child's expenses.

People's opinions vary towards this phenomenon.Some people think it's a good idea for par-ents to pay kids to do housework.It motivates children to do more jobs around the house,as paying chores shows them that they have to work in order to get allowances.Others,however,argue that it's improper for parents to take this approach,since paying them makes them lazy.They say many children now refuse to do anything unless there is some kind of compensation.

I'm in the camp that parents should pay their children in return for work done around thehouse.On the one hand,it teaches children that they should work for what they want in life.Onthe other hand,it provides solid lessons and opportunities related to money management.

PartⅡ1.C) 2.D) 3.B) 4.B) 5.A) 6.C) 7.B) 8.an improved complaints procedure9.improve their offer 10.demanding

PartⅢ11.D) 12.A) 13.D) 14.B) 15.B) 16.C) 17.D) 18.C) 19.D) 20.A)21.C) 22.B) 23.C) 24.B) 25.B) 26.C) 27.D) 28.C) 29.A) 30.D) 31.B) 32.A) 33.A) 34.C) 35.B) 36.voice 37.experience 38.result 39.adverse 40.amplifying41.natural 42.dependent 43.registers 44.During a presentation,it's important to vary pitch to some extent in order to maintain interest 45.A slower pace can be used to emphasize important points—note that the time spent not speaking can be very meaningful too 46.because a pause gives the listener time to think about what was just said or even predict what might come next

PartⅣ47.K) 48.F) 49.A) 50.H) 51.B) 52.C) 53.E) 54.D) 55.L) 56.I) 57.B) 58.A) 59.D) 60.C) 61.B) 62.D) 63.C) 64.B) 65.B) 66.A)

PartⅤ67.D) 68.B) 69.A) 70.B) 71.C) 72.A) 73.C) 74.B) 75.A) 76.C) 77.D) 78.B) 79.C) 80.D) 81.A) 82.D) 83.C) 84.B) 85.A) 86.D)

PartⅥ87.At the risk of going bankrupt/Running the risk of going bankrupt

88.take it for granted that

89.(that) some effective measures were taken

90.let alone/not to mention a house

91.occurs to me that

附:听力录音文字材料

Short Conversations

11.W:You look very sleepy and tired.What's wrong,John?Did you stay up very late last night?

M:Oh,no.Well,you know,I've been here for only a few days.In my home country,it isstill late at night now.I am suffering from jet lag.It's so hard to overcome this.

Q:What does the man mean?

12.M:Hey,I've rented a horror film from the shop near the college.Could you come over andenjoy it with me?

W:You told me last night you're going to study this morning.Your plans are always good enough,yet you rarely carry them out.

Q:What can we infer from the conversation?

13.M:I can't believe I can't get a plane ticket for the summer holiday.I mean,it's only March.

W:Well,you know I wouldn't worry about it too much.People cancel their reservations allthe time.

Q:What does the woman suggest the man do?

14.W:John's room was in a mess.It seemed that he had never cleaned it.

M:This problem is not uncommon for a young man from home.

Q:What does the man mean?

15.M:I think I'll get my second-hand books at the Student Union this year.So many of the books we are using are the same print.

W:I hope you're not planning to take your time going there.They are usually snapped up withinthe first week.

Q:What does the woman mean?

16.M:You're going to make a trip to San Francisco,aren't you?

W:Yes.But I haven't got the plane ticket yet.I'm thinking of postponing the trip to next monthsince this is the busiest month for the airlines.

Q:What do we know about the woman from this conversation?

17.W:The bank near the supermarket opens on Sundays,quite different from the other banks in the same street.

M:On Sundays people have time to go there.It is really convenient for people.Besides,theyoffer quite satisfactory service.

Q:What does the man think of the bank?

18.W:Did you go to see the doctor about your cough?

M:The doctor said if I keep smoking it will increase my chance of having a heart attack or,lungdisease.And I am thinking about quitting smoking as the problems seem to be quite serious.

Q:What do we know about the man?

Long Conversation One

M:I really don't know what to do this summer.I can't afford to just sit around,and there don't seem to be any jobs available.

W:Why don't you try house-sitting?Last summer my friend Margaret house-sat for the Dodds when they went away on vacation.Mr.Dodd hired Margaret to stay in their house because he didn't want it left empty.

M:You mean the Dodds paid Margaret just to live in their house?

W:It wasn't that easy.She had to mow the lawn and water the house plants.And when Eric housesat for Dr.Cohen,he had to take care of her pets.

M:House-sitting sounds like a good job.I guess it's a little like baby-sitting—except you're taking care of a house instead of children.

W:The Student Employment Office still has a few jobs posted.

M:Do I just have to fill out an application?

W:Margaret and Eric had to interview with the home owners and provide three references each.

M:That seems like a lot of trouble for a summer job.

W:Well,the home owners want some guarantee that they can trust the house-sitter.You know,they want to make sure you're not the type who'll throw wild parties in their house,or move a group of friends in with you.

M:House-sitters who do that sort of thing probably aren't paid then.

W:Usually they're paid anyway just because the home owners don't want to make a fuss.But if the home owner reported it,then the house-sitter wouldn't be able to get another job.So why don't you apply?

M:Yeah,I think I will.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Q19.What does the man want to do this summer?

Q20.What did the Dodds do when they went away last summer?

Q21.What is one responsibility the house-sitter probably wouldn't have?

Q22.How do home owners determine the reliability of a house-sitter?

Long Conversation Two

M:So,you must have a lot of contact with overseas students in your work helping people coping with daily existence.

W:Sometimes.You know the life of a social worker is not all wonderful and working to help people in their daily life.I have to spend a lot of time pushing paper,and writing reports too.But when I do get out,yeah,I see a lot of foreigners.And sometimes they come in because life in A merica has just beaten them down and they can't cope financially or emotionally.

M:Really?I would think that they had a good support network in place,especially university students.

W:They do have a network,and a variety of support groups,but these can't meet all of the students'needs.They can't help with paying bills,dealing with American neighbors and customs,fitting in,getting a driver's license,etc.They try,but very often the student has to figure out a lot of this stuff by himself.And if he or she is shy,they don't have the courage to ask other people,even other people from their nationality.people,

M:So what are some of the things that overseas students struggle with?

W:This might interest you,but they struggle with the food,especially Chinese.You know,they come here knowing that Americans love Chinese food so much.They think that there will be good restaurants with Chinese food that they love.But they get here and they are extremely surprised.Americans enjoy totally different flavors.

M:So what do they do?

W:If they're brave and curious,they look around and test all the restaurants.There is usually at least one restaurant in every town that has almost quality food.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Q23.In which aspect does the woman help people in her work?

Q24.Why do people come to the woman for help?

Q25.How did Chinese students expect the American-made Chinese food before they came to the US?

Passage One

It was the summer of 1965.DeLuca,then 17,visited Peter Buck,a family friend.Buck askedDeLuca about his plans for the future."I'm going to college,but I need a way to pay for it,"DeLuca recalls saying."Buck said,you should open a sandwich shop."

That afternoon,they agreed to be partners.And they set a goal:to open 32 stores in tenyears.After doing some research,Buck wrote a check for$1,000.DeLuca rented a storefront in Connecticut,and when they couldn't cover their start-up costs,Buck kicked in another$1,000.

But business didn't go smoothly as they expected.DeLuca says,"After six months,we weredoing poorly,but we didn't know how badly,because we didn't have any financial controls."All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs.

DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time.Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York.They'd meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running."We convinced ourselves to open a second store.We figured we could tell the public,'We are so successful,we are opening a second store.'"And they did—in the spring of 1966.Still,it was a lot of learning by trial and error.

But the partners'learn-as-you-go approach turned out to be their greatest strength.Every Fri-day,DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers."It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn't necessary,but as a result,the suppliers got to know me very well,and the personal relationships established really helped out,"DeLuca says.

And having a goal was also important."There are so many problems that can get you down.You just have to keep working toward your goal,"DeLuca adds.DeLuca ended up founding Subway Sandwich,the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q26.What was DeLuca's purpose in opening the first sandwich shop?

Q27.What can we learn about DeLuca and Buck's first shop?

Q28.Why did DeLuca and Buck decide to open a second store?

Q29.What contributes most to their success according to the speaker?

Passage Two

Silence is unnatural to man.He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness.In between hedoes all he can to make a noise in the world,and he fears silence more than anything else.Even his conversation is an attempt to prevent a fearful silence.If he is introduced to another person,and a number of pauses occur in the conversation,he regards himself as a failure.He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means no more than the buzzing of a fly,but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a waxwork figure.

The aim of conversation is for the most part,to communicate ideas;it is to keep up thebuzzing sound.There are,it must be admitted,different qualities of buzz;there is even a buzz that is as annoying as the continuous noise made by a mosquito.But at a dinner party one would rather be a mosquito than a quiet person.Most buzzing,fortunately,is pleasant to the ear,and some of it is pleasant even to the mind.He would be a foolish man if he waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors.

Those who hate to pick up the weather as a conversational opening seem to me not to knowthe reason why human beings wish to talk.Very few human beings join in a conversation in the hope of learning anything new.Some of them are content if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people's ears.They have nothing to tell them except that they have seen two or three new plays or that they had food in a Swiss hotel.At the end of an evening,during which they have said nothing meaningful for a long time,they just prove themselves to be successful conversationalists.

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q30.What is people's purpose in making conversation according to the speaker?

Q31.What do people usually talk about to their neighbors according to the passage?

Q32.What is the speaker's purpose in giving this speech?

Passage Three

Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way oflife.With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth.He has transformed wood lands into farmland,and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power.Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways.

However,man,s changes to the physical environment have not always had beneficial results.Today,pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet.Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles;smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside.The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.

The pollution of water is equally harmful.In the sea,pollution from oil is increasing and killingenormous numbers of algae (a very simple plant without stems or leaves that grows in or near water),fish and birds.The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed.The same problem exists in rivers.Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.

Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology inorder to survive on earth.

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q33.What is the purpose of man changing his physical environment?

Q34.When is the ecological balance of the sea lost?

Q35.Who would most probably disagree with conservationists?

Compound Dictation

Today we are going to practice evaluating the main tool used when addressing groups—thevoice.There are three main elements that combine to create either a positive or negative experience for listeners.They can result in a voice that is pleasing to listen to and can be used effectively,or they can create a voice that doesn't hold the attention,or even worse causes an adverse reaction.The three elements are volume,pitch and pace.

When talking about volume,keep in mind that a good speaker will adjust to the size of boththe room and the audience.Of course,with an amplifying device like a microphone,the speaker can use a natural tone.But speakers should not be dependent on it.A good speaker can speak loudly without shouting.

The second element—pitch—is related to the highness and lowness of the sounds.High pitchesare for most people more difficult to listen to,so in general,the speaker should use the lower registers of the voice.During a presentation,it's important to vary pitch to some extent in order to maintain interest.

8.2012高考语文模拟试卷 篇八

甲 必考题

一、 现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）

美国细菌学家卡梅隆·柯里在《科学》杂志发表了研究论文，声称从5000万年前开始，以真菌为生的蚂蚁就有了自己的抗生素。研究者对一种名叫“真菌蚂蚁”的蚂蚁身上的白色斑点进行研究，发现不同的“真菌蚂蚁”依靠种植不同的真菌类蘑菇来作为唯一的食物来源。这些蚂蚁的嘴巴和前肢上隐藏着许多细小的腺窝，里面寄生着一种能产生抗生素的细菌。这些腺窝有一些细小的孔通向蚂蚁身体外部，这样它们就可以将抗生素传播给作物。抗生素可以杀死会使作物生病的寄生虫，从而确保它们主人的食物来源不受破坏。

这种蚂蚁腺窝的特殊结构使得蚂蚁与作物的这种共生关系非常和谐。研究者发现，一些近缘的、不种植真菌的蚂蚁身上则没有腺窝，也没有寄生菌。

科学家们研究了中美洲热带丛林中的切叶蚁的生活习性。切叶蚁只种一种蘑菇，这相当于人类的单一作物制，虽然开始时产量高，但重复种几季以后很容易遭受病虫害侵袭，人类是采用轮作不同作物来解决问题的。生物学家们采用基因分析法，确定了切叶蚁所种的菌种是源于2300万年前的单一菌株，从未换过品种，却能延续至今。

这个谜由多伦多大学的C·R·居里解开了。居里对包括切叶蚁在内的22种蚂蚁进行了仔细观察。他首先发现蚂蚁的蘑菇农场偶尔也会受到一种名为Es-covopsis的霉菌感染，使蘑菇在几天内全部死光，结果是整穴蚂蚁全部饿死。但尽管如此，切叶蚁还是有办法控制这种灾难。其奥秘在于，雌蚁会排出寄生在身上的活细菌分泌出的链霉素。切叶蚁蘑菇园中那些忠于职守的蚂蚁勤于察看，一发现Es-covopsis霉菌就用随身携带的链霉素就地将之消灭，以防止其蔓延。而且这种链霉素还能刺激蘑菇的生长，真是一举两得。切叶蚁分群时，蚁后将蘑菇菌种含在口中，连同随身的会分泌链霉素的细菌带到新穴传种，所以切叶蚁的单一品种的蘑菇农场能延续至今，历经千万年而不衰。人类所用的抗生素多次使用后会使病菌产生抗药性而导致药效减弱，但蚂蚁所用的抗生素却并未使病菌产生抗药性。卡梅隆·柯里研究小组发现，蚂蚁身上的抗生素不但是蚂蚁赖以战胜自然环境的法宝，亦是人体必需的抗生素，今后应可仿此研发新一代的抗生素，更有效地治愈人类的疾病。

1． 下列对“真菌蚂蚁腺窝”的特殊结构或功能的理解，不正确的一项是（ ）（3分）

A． 蚂蚁的嘴巴和前肢上隐藏着许多腺窝，这些腺窝非常细小。

B． 蚂蚁的腺窝里寄生着一种细菌，这些细菌能产生抗生素。

C． 为将抗生素传播给作物，蚂蚁的每一个腺窝上都有一个小孔通向身体外部。

D． 传播出的抗生素可杀死使作物生病的寄生虫，确保蚂蚁的食物来源不受破坏。

2． 对“切叶蚁的单一品种的蘑菇农场能延续至今的原因”分析，不正确的一项是（ ）（3分）

A． 尽管Es-covopsis霉菌会危害蚂蚁的蘑菇农场，但切叶蚁有办法控制这种灾难。

B． 雌蚁分泌出的链霉素活细菌除能消灭Es-covopsis霉菌外，还能刺激蘑菇的生长。

C． 忠于职守的蚂蚁勤于察看，发现Es-covopsis霉菌就用随身携带的链霉素将之消灭。

D． 切叶蚁分群时，蚁后会将蘑菇菌种连同随身的会分泌链霉素的细菌带到新穴传种。

3． 下列说法，符合原文意思的一项是（ ）（3分）

A． 研究人员发现，各种“真菌蚂蚁”的食物是一样的，都是靠种植同一种真菌类蘑菇来生存。

B． 切叶蚁不换作物品种，是因为单一作物的种植方法产量高，轮作的不同作物很容易遭受病虫害侵袭。

C． 卡梅隆·柯里研究小组根据蚂蚁身上细菌产生的抗生素特征，正准备着手研发新一代的抗生素。

D． 人类现在使用的抗生素同蚂蚁所用抗生素的不同在于，长期使用，前者会使病菌产生抗药性，后者却不会。

二、 古代诗文阅读（36分）

（一） 文言文阅读（19分）

阅读下面的文言文，完成4～7题。

贺，字长吉，郑王之孙也。七岁能辞章，名动京邑。韩愈、皇甫湜览其作，奇之而未信，曰：“若是古人，吾曹或不知，是今人，岂有不识之理。”遂相过其家，使赋诗。贺总角荷衣而出，欣然承命，旁若无人，援笔题曰《高轩过》。二公大惊，以所乘马命联镳而还，亲为束发。贺父名晋肃，不得举进士，公为著《讳辩》一篇。后官至太常寺奉礼郎。贺为人纤瘦，通眉，长指爪，能疾书。旦日出，骑弱马，从平头小奴子，背古锦囊，遇有所得，书置囊里。凡诗不先命题，及暮归，太夫人使婢探囊中，见书多，即怒曰：“是儿要呕出心乃已耳！”上灯，与食，即从婢取书，研墨叠纸足成之。非大醉吊丧，率如此。贺诗稍尚奇诡，组织花草，片片成文，所得皆惊迈，绝去翰墨畦径，时无能效者。乐府诸诗，云韶众工，谐于律吕。尝叹曰：“我年二十不得意，一生愁心，谢如梧叶矣。”忽疾笃，恍惚昼见人绯衣驾赤虬腾下，持一版书，若太古雷文，曰：“上帝新作白玉楼成，立召君作记也。”贺叩头辞，谓母老病，其人曰：“天上比人间差乐，不苦也。”居顷之，窗中勃勃烟气，闻车声甚速，遂绝。死时才二十七，莫不怜之。李藩缀集其歌诗，因托贺表兄访所遗失，并加点窜，付以成本。弥年绝迹。乃诘之，曰：“每恨其傲忽，其文已焚之矣。”今存十之四五。杜牧为序者五卷，今传。孟子曰：“其进锐者其退速。”信然。贺天才俊拔，弱冠而有极名。天夺之速，岂吝也耶！若少假行年，涵养盛德，观其才，不在古人下矣。今兹惜哉！

（选自《唐才子传·李贺》）

【注】郑王：李亮，唐高祖李渊的从父，隋朝时任海州刺史，高祖武德初年封郑王。

4． 对下列句子中加点词的解释不正确的一项是（ ）（3分）

A． 贺总角荷衣而出，欣然承命，旁若无人承：接受

B． 贺父名晋肃，不得举进士举：推荐、选用

C． 孟子曰：“其进锐者其退速。”信然信：果真、的确

D． 若少假行年，涵养盛德，观其才，不在古人下矣假：授予、给予

5． 以下句子中，全都表明李贺有才华的一组是（ ）（3分）

① 韩愈、皇甫湜览其作，奇之而未信

② 贺为人纤瘦，通眉，长指爪，能疾书

③ 所得皆惊迈，绝云翰墨畦径，时无能效者

④ 从平头小奴子，背古锦囊，遇有所得，书置囊里

⑤ 每恨其傲忽，其文已焚之矣

⑥ 上帝新作白玉楼成，立召君作记也

A． ①③⑤ B． ②④⑥ C． ①③⑥ D． ②④⑤

6． 下列对文章的分析和概括，不正确的一项是（ ）（3分）

A． 李贺是唐朝宗室后人，人长得纤瘦，手脚很长，但非常聪明，写字飞快，七岁时诗文便震动京城。

B． 韩愈、皇甫湜读了李贺的作品，不相信他只有七岁，直到李贺梳着总角发、穿着荷叶衣出来，他们才大惊。

C． 李贺写诗崇尚奇异的风格，完全摆脱了通常诗家的常规，当时无人能够仿效，其乐府诗常被谱成唱曲。

D． 作者详细记叙李贺充满传奇色彩的病死过程，是要借天妒英才的说法凸显李贺出类拔萃的天赋。

7． 把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1） 若是古人，吾曹或不知；是今人，岂有不识之理。（6分）

译文：

（2） 非大醉吊丧，率如此。（4分）

译文：

（二） 古代诗歌阅读（11分）

阅读下面这首唐诗，完成8～9题。

溪居即事

崔道融

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篱外谁家不系船，春风吹入钓鱼湾。

小童疑是有村客，急向柴门去却关。

8． 本诗中的“疑”、“急”表现了小童怎样的心理状态？请简要分析。（5分）

9． 本诗运用了怎样的写作手法？表现了怎样的意境？（6分）

（三） 名篇名句默写（6分）

10． 补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。（6分）

（1） 外无期功强近之亲，____，茕茕孑立，____。（李密《陈情表》）

（2） 临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归。____，____。（孟郊《游子吟》）

（3） 白日放歌须纵酒，____。（杜甫《闻官军收河南河北》）

（4） 少焉，月出于东山之上，____。（苏轼《赤壁赋》）

乙 选考题

请考生在第三、第四两大题中选定其中一大题作答。注意：只能做所选的大题内的小题，不得选做另一大题内的小题。如果多做，则按所做的第一大题计分。

三、 文学类文本阅读（25分）

11． 阅读下面的文字，完成（1）～（4）题。（25分）

加州牛肉面

穿过五月花广场的时候，林郁急匆匆的脚步声第一次放舒缓了一些，还仰起了脸迎着夕阳金色的余晖。恰好教堂敲响礼拜的钟声，成群的鸽子从喷泉劲射的水柱旁掠过。几位黑人摇滚乐手走过来，向他露出了好看的白牙。

今天是个美妙的日子。林郁不禁哼着《美丽的加利福尼亚》，找了一家加州牛肉面馆，正经八百地坐在餐桌旁，接受美国女招待的服务。一年多来，他一直在这样的馆子干洗盘子的苦差，至今也没有品尝出加州牛肉面和咱们的兰州牛肉面有什么不同。

好了，总算幸运，他设计的小童凳，终于被一家儿童用品超级商场的老板点了头。美国佬真痛快，看中了，一下就拿出5000套的订单。在加州，成功往往在不经意之间。同是武汉来的一位电脑工程师，为停车场晒太阳的小汽车设计了折叠式钢丝白布蓬，起了个俏皮的名字叫“汽车太阳镜”，从老美的荷包里掏出大把大把的钞票，如今开了两家公司呢。

回到寓所，林郁却不敢陶醉，伏在设计图上精心修改。这是一组竹节、树兜、蘑菇形状的小童凳。一个个富有中国园林的山野情趣，又有那么一点点西方抽象艺术的现代韵味。或许，这就是美国佬乐意说OK的妙处所在？

楼道里响起沉重的脚步声，接着响起沉重的关门声。林郁知道，这是邻居——一位著名的台湾流体力学专家回来了。他原来好风光，供职于一家高科技军火公司，年薪让大陆人想都不敢想。偏偏“冷战”降下帷幕，经济萎缩，以高科技军火工业闻名的加州倍受打击。他被炒了“鱿鱼”，这几天正被迫在街头擦皮鞋。“皮鞋，也需要流体力学吗？”林郁觉得有点开心。

加州牛肉面真不容易吃啊！林郁为自己庆幸，不禁抓起床头的拉力器使劲拉了一下，仿佛要试试自己的力量。在用尽力气撑开最后一个回合时，他一眼瞥见床头妻子和女儿的照片，眼角一下迸出了泪花。

一切努力都十分顺利。林郁同家乡的一家工艺品出口公司订了货，还点名挑选著名的星海钢琴厂承担油漆工艺。他要让小童凳闪烁中国国漆的古典光彩，柔和而凝重，体现东方文化的高雅与悠远，征服加利福尼亚和整个美利坚。

样品很快送来加州，果然出色，宛如一套精致的工艺品。国漆的光泽沉静温润，又拉出了木纹、竹斑……很适合贵夫人们去娇宠她们的小宝宝。美国的童凳太没文化，不是一段粗糙笨拙的原木，就是冷冰冰的钢制组装品。

林郁特意借了台湾流体力学家的高级轿车，去超级商场送样并确定交货期。他已胜券在握，让国内提前生产了5万套。

“NO，NO，”一位经销主管连连摇头，“林先生，你为什么修改设计，给这么有魅力的作品穿了一件多余的外衣？”

完全出乎意料，林郁急忙托起一只“蘑菇”说：“瞧，只有中国才能制造出这么美妙的工艺品……”

“NO，孩子们不需要工艺品。他们只需要最原始、最自然、最亲切或者能唤起好奇心而动手去组合的东西。”

林郁懵了，只顾选择一些美丽的词语，夸耀中国的传统国漆工艺。

“NO，在我们美国人看来，越是漂亮的东西越不可靠。顾客们有充分的理由这么怀疑：只有非常糟糕的木料，才用得着刷这么好看的油漆……尽管我个人对你们国漆工艺充满敬意。”

……

林郁又找到了一家加州牛肉面洗盘子。半夜三更，饥肠辘辘扒拉牛肉面时，他依稀觉得味道与中国的牛肉面不太一样。

抬起眼，窗外一派灯红酒绿。加州不是他的家，但加州牛肉面还得吃下去，吃出味道来……

（编者按：本文纯属虚构，加州没有加州牛肉面馆）

（1） 下列对文章的分析和概括，不正确的两项是（ ）（5分）

A． 小说最后写林郁打算将加州牛肉面继续吃下去，吃出味道来，表明他打算弄清美国文化的特点以及与中国文化的差别。

B． 小说标题“加州牛肉面”的作用，一是作为全文情节的眼线，引出情节，结束情节，前后呼应；二是具有象征意义：加州牛肉面象征美国文化，兰州牛肉面象征中国文化，没有品尝出加州牛肉面与兰州牛肉面有什么不同，即没有弄清楚美国文化与中国文化的不同之处。

C． 小说用武汉来的一位电脑工程师为停车场晒太阳的小汽车设计了折叠式钢丝白布蓬从老美的荷包里掏出大把大把的钞票，反衬了主人公没有抓住成功的机会。

D． 小说最后写林郁又找到了一家加州牛肉面洗盘子并依稀觉得味道与中国的牛肉面不太一样与前文有照应作用。

E． 小说的结局出人意料而又在情理之中，耐人寻味。小说最后两段的作用可以看作是对小说主题的延伸和拓展。

（2） 小说中写到了五月花广场、教堂晚礼拜的钟声、黑人摇滚乐手以及《美丽的加利福尼亚》的歌声，写这些内容有什么作用？（6分）

____________________________________

（3） “正经八百地坐在餐桌旁，接受美国女招待的服务”以及听说台湾流体力学家被炒了“鱿鱼”，上街擦皮鞋之后“就觉得有点开心”这些内容，表现了人物的什么心态？作者对此持什么态度？（6分）

____________________________________

（4） 结合小说，谈谈你对林郁这一人物形象的看法。（8分）

____________________________________

四、 实用类文本阅读（25分）

12． 阅读下面的文字，完成（1）～（4）题。（25分）

独一无二的艺术家莫扎特

傅 雷

在整部艺术史上，不仅仅在音乐史上，莫扎特是独一无二的人物。

他的早慧是独一无二的。

4岁学钢琴，不久就开始作曲，就是说他写音乐比写字还早。8岁，他写了第一支交响乐，10岁写了第一出歌剧。10岁以前，他在日耳曼十几个小邦的首府和维也纳、巴黎、伦敦各大都市作巡回演出，轰动全欧。正如他没有学过小提琴而就能参加三重奏一样，他写意大利歌剧也差不多是无师自通的。神童而卓然成家的并不多，而像莫扎特这样出类拔萃、这样早熟的天才而终于成为不朽的大师，为艺术界放出万丈光芒的，至此为止还没有第二个例子。

他的创作数量的巨大，品种的繁多，质地的卓越，是独一无二的。

巴哈、韩德尔、海顿，都是多产的音乐家；但韩德尔与海顿都活到七十以上的高年，巴哈也有65岁的寿命；莫扎特却在35年的生涯中完成了大小622件作品，还有132件未完成的遗作。没有一种体裁没有他登峰造极的作品，没有一种乐器没有他的经典文献：在170年后的今天，还像灿烂的明星一般照耀着乐坛。在音乐方面这样全能，乐剧与其他器乐的制作都有这样高的成就，毫无疑问是绝无仅有的。莫扎特的音乐灵感简直是一个取之不竭、用之不尽的水源，随时随地都有甘泉飞涌，飞涌的方式又那么自然，安详，轻快，妩媚。没有一个作曲家的音乐比莫扎特的更近于“天籁”了。

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融和拉丁精神与日耳曼精神，吸收最优秀的外国传统而加以丰富与提高，为民族艺术形式开创新路而树立几座光辉的纪念碑。在这些方面，莫扎特又是独一无二的。

文艺复兴以后的两个世纪中，欧洲除了格鲁克为法国歌剧辟出一个途径以外，只有意大利歌剧是正宗的歌剧。莫扎特却作了双重的贡献：他既凭着客观的精神、细腻的写实手腕与刻画性格的高度技巧，创造了《费加罗的婚礼》与《唐璜》，使意大利歌剧达到空前绝后的高峰；又以《后宫诱逃》与《魔笛》两件杰作为德国歌剧奠定了基础，预告了贝多芬的《斐但丽奥》、韦柏的《自由射手》和瓦格纳的《歌唱大师》。

交响乐在音乐艺术里是典型的日耳曼品种。虽然一般人称海顿为交响乐之父，但海顿晚年的作品深受莫扎特的影响：而莫扎特的降E大调、G小调、C大调（丘比特）交响乐，至今还比海顿的那组《伦敦交响乐》更接近我们。而在交响乐中，莫扎特也同样完满地熔拉丁精神（明朗、轻快、典雅）与日耳曼精神（复杂、谨严、深思、幻想）于一炉。正因为民族精神的觉醒和对于世界性艺术的领会，在莫扎特心中同时并存，互相攻错，互相丰富，他才成为音乐史上承前启后的巨匠。

莫扎特所以成为独一无二的人物，还由于这种清明高远、乐天愉快的心情，是在残酷的命运不断摧残之下保留下来的。

大家都熟知贝多芬的悲剧而寄以极大的同情；关心莫扎特的苦难的，便是音乐界中也为数不多。因为贝多芬的音乐几乎每页都是与命运肉搏的历史，他的英勇与顽强对每个人都是直接的鼓励；莫扎特却是不声不响地忍受鞭挞，只凭着坚定的信仰，像殉道的使徒一般唱着温馨甘美的乐句安慰自己，安慰别人。虽然他的书信中常有怨叹，也不比普通人对生活的怨叹有什么更尖锐、更沉痛的口吻。可是他的一生，除了童年时期饱受宠爱，像个美丽的花炮以外，比贝多芬的只有更艰苦。从25到31岁，6年中间他没有固定的收入。他热爱维也纳，维也纳只报以冷淡、轻视、嫉妒，音乐界还用种种卑鄙手段打击他几出最优秀的歌剧的演出。为了婚姻，他和最敬爱的父亲几乎决裂，至死没有完全恢复感情。而婚后的生活又是无穷无尽的烦恼：9年之中搬了12次家：生了6个孩子，夭折了4个。

在这样悲惨的生活中，莫扎特还是终身不断地创作。贫穷、疾病、妒忌、倾轧，日常生活中一切琐琐碎碎的困扰都不能使他消沉；乐天的心情一丝一毫都没受到损害。所以他的作品从来不透露他的痛苦的消息，非但没有愤怒与反抗的呼号，连挣扎的气息都找不到。后世的人单听他的音乐，万万想象不出他的遭遇而只能认识他的心灵——多么明智、多么高贵、多么纯洁的心灵！音乐史家都说莫扎特的作品所反映的不是他的生活，而是他的灵魂。假如说，贝多芬给我们的是战斗的勇气，那么莫扎特给我们的是无限的信心。把他清明宁静的艺术和侘傺一世的生涯对比之下，我们更确信只有热爱生命才能克服忧患。莫扎特以他朴素天真的语调和温婉蕴藉的风格，所歌颂的和平、友爱、幸福的境界，正是全人类自始至终向往的最高目标。

（文章略有删节）

（1） 下列对文章的分析和概括，不正确的两项是（ ）（5分）

A． 在交响乐中，莫扎特融合了明朗、轻快、典雅的拉丁精神与复杂、谨严、深思、幻想的日耳曼精神，使其成为音乐史上承前启后的巨匠。

B． 文章作者傅雷从“独一无二”处落笔，全面评价了莫扎特在西方音乐史上的重要地位。透过他的抒情、典雅的笔调，我们不难体味傅雷对凄苦而乐观的莫扎特那份深沉的景仰之情。

C． 莫扎特是多产的音乐家诸如巴哈、韩德尔、海顿中，创作数量最多的，而且任何一种体裁他都有登峰造极的作品，任何一种乐器他都有经典文献。

D． 与贝多芬的音乐几乎每页都是与命运肉搏的历史不同，莫扎特总是不声不响地忍受着命运的鞭挞，他的音乐使人深切地感受其清明高远、乐天愉快的心情。

E． 莫扎特的歌剧融和了拉丁精神与日耳曼精神，不但创作了意大利歌剧《费加罗的婚礼》与《唐璜》，还创作了《斐但丽奥》与《魔笛》两部德国歌剧杰作。

（2） 结合文本，概括莫扎特之所以在艺术史上的“独一无二”体现哪些方面？（6分）

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（3） 请你结合文本理解文章最后一段画线句子“音乐史家都说莫扎特的作品所反映的不是他的生活，而是他的灵魂”的含义。（6分）

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（4） 本文题目是《独一无二的艺术家莫扎特》，文中曾多次写到音乐家贝多芬，文中几次写到贝多芬，这样写的作用是什么？（8分）

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第II卷 表达题

五、 语言文字运用（20分）

13． 下列各句中，加点成语使用恰当的一句是（ ）（3分）

A． 无数莘莘学子经过十几年的寒窗苦读，学成时却就业无门，这种现实困境使就业问题成为这次大会上代表们热议的话题。

B． 在举国对房价过高的一片声讨中，个别政协委员说房价和发达国家比并不高的言论在网络上引起轩然大波，网民们对此评头品足。

C． 对曾经纵横中国五百年的晋商，我们今天只能透过那些纸醉金迷的晋商大院来遥想他们当年踏漠北、下南洋的辉煌。

D． 此次李辉揭露文怀沙造假事件酿成轩然大波，反响强烈，它实际上是知识界的一次自我清算，也在某种背景上说明人民对“大师”泛滥的现状已经忍无可忍。

14． 下列各句中没有语病的一句是（ ）（3分）

A． 梁思成的名字几乎是家喻户晓，这因为他不仅是梁启超的儿子、林徽因的丈夫，更因为他是现代中国建筑史方面的一位大师，是清华大学建筑系的奠基人之一。

B． 据《北京晨报》报道：韩济生院士研究发现，人体上有4个针灸穴位具有较强的戒毒作用，通过对它们进行低频电脉冲刺激，吸毒者戒毒后的复吸率将降低3倍。

Ｃ. 中美两军关系是两国关系的重要组成部分，也是两国关系中复杂因素较多的敏感领域。两军关系要想良好发展必须建设和维护一个稳定可靠的政治基础。

D． 自1992年曼昆的《宏观经济学》英文版出版以来，已经再版4次，是美国最受欢迎的教科书之一。

15． 依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（3分）

这其实也正是一切高贵者的通病。 是啊，只有宽容大度才能成就大事。

① 项羽不懂这个道理，他的失败便是理所当然了

② 由于高贵，他们往往不能容人

③ 胸中容不得尘埃

④ 然而他们不知道，海洋之所以博大，恰在能容

⑤ 而且还自诩为眼里容不得沙子

A． ①②④③⑤ B. ②③⑤①④ C. ②⑤③④① D. ①④②⑤③

16． 根据要求，展开合理想象，把下面的三个词语扩展成一段意境优美的景物描写。（不少于60个字）（5分）

桃花 春雨 流水

答：____________________________________

17． 下面是一首赞美老师的小诗，请以“老师的眼睛”开头，续写一段小诗。要求：每行语句不与第一段完全重复，句式基本对应，大体押韵。（6分）

老师的眼睛，像夜晚的月亮。我们是一颗颗星星，在老师的微笑里，幸福地闪烁闪烁。

老师的眼睛，_____。_____，_____，_____。

六、 写作（60分）

18． 请以“又是一年春来到”为题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。

要求：①自选角度。②自定立意。③自选文体（诗歌除外）。④不要套作，不得抄袭。