形容词与副词的比较级(7篇)
1.形容词与副词的比较级 篇一
双音节词:
如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest.
2、以不发音e结尾的`单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;
如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest.
3、在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest.
4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest.
busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest.
2.形容词与副词的比较级 篇二
在2014年的英语高考试题中, 两套全国课标卷、上海卷及辽宁卷均取消了沿用多年的单项填空题, 取而代之的是语篇型语法填空题。在英语高考试卷的新题型中, 形容词和副词是考查的重点, 因此在备考中要突出针对性和实效性。
一、真题回顾与考点分析
首先我们回顾一下2014年采用语法填空题的5套高考试卷, 分析一下针对形容词和副词方面的考查情况。
通过以上表格我们会发现, 形容词和副词是几套高考试卷中的考查重点, 尤其是课标卷I, 在10个小题中, 形容词和副词方面的考点占了4个小题。这说明在语法填空题中, 形容词和副词具有举足轻重的地位, 因此在备考时, 要结合好高考试题的考查情况, 努力夯实基础, 并开展有针对性的强化训练, 努力提高自己的实战能力。
二、考情剖析与技巧点拨
涉及形容词和副词的考点, 往往在空后的括号内给出提示词, 而且提示词以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主。在空格处填写正确答案时, 以一空一词为主。做题的方法因题而异, 有的小题需要结合空白处在句中的语法功能; 有的小题需要结合整个语篇的语境; 有的小题需要结合构词法, 等等。
1. 提示词是名词
当提示词是名词时, 该小题考查的重点是名词添加后缀构成形容词, 当然也存在考查名词复数或名词所有格的可能性, 因此在做题时注意判断好空白处在句中所作的句子成分, 以此作为判断该题考查的是形容词还是名词。例如:
【典例1】Just bepatience) . ( 2014年课标卷Ⅰ)
解析: patient。题干是一个祈使句, 分析该题的句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作表语, 由此结合语境可知, 空格处应用提示词patience的形容词形式, 故空白处填patient。
【典例2】That would be a veryreason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours. ( 2013年广东卷)
解析: reasonable。分析题干的句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作定语, 用来修饰空后的名词thing, 因此空白处应该使用reason的形容词形式, 故空白处应填reasonable。
【知识延伸】要想准确解答类似的试题, 一方面需要具备句子成分方面的知识, 另一方面还需要熟悉构词法方面的相关知识。根据教育部制订的《考试大纲》可知, 构词法包括合成法、派生法、转化法、缩写和简写, 其中派生法在语法填空试题中应用较多。派生法又称为词缀法, 是通过在词根上添加后缀或前缀来变成一个新词的方法。一般来说, 添加后缀往往改变词性, 而添加前缀往往改变词义。常见的形容词后缀如下:
2. 提示词是动词
当提示词是动词时, 考查的考点有动词时态、非谓语动词、名词、形容词 ( 分词形容词化) 等, 而判断空白处在句中的句法功能是确定考查形容词的重要依据。一般来说, 空白处在句中作表语或定语, 则该小题往往考查的是形容词。例如:
【典例1】While there are ( amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. ( 2014年课标卷Ⅰ)
解析: amazing。分析题干的句子成分, 空白处在句中作定语, 并且所修饰的名词stories指的是事物, 因此空白处应用提示词amaze的现在分词形式 ( 属于分词形容词化) 。故空白处填amazing。
【典例2】There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious anddisappoint) . ( 2014年课标卷Ⅱ)
解析: disappointed。分析题干可知, 空白处与之前的形容词anxious在句中作并列表语, 且用于描述人, 因此空白处应用提示词disappoint的过去分词形式 ( 属于分词形容词化) 。故空白处填disappointed。
【知识延伸】分词形容词是通过动词添加后缀-ing或-ed构成的形容词, 常属于分词形容词化, 即disappoint, puzzle, worry等使役性动词的现在分词和过去分词可作为形容词使用。由过去分词构成的形容词常用于人, 而由现在分词构成的形容词常用于物, 这样的分词形容词常见的有:
amazed惊奇的, amazing令人惊异的; annoyed恼怒的, annoying讨厌的; bored无聊的, boring令人厌烦的; confused困惑的, confusing令人困惑的; disappointed失望的, disappointing令人失望的; embarrassed尴尬的, embarrassing令人尴尬的; excited兴奋的, exciting令人兴奋的; frightened害怕的, frightening令人恐惧的;interested感兴趣的, interesting有趣的; pleased高兴的, pleasing令人愉快的; puzzled困惑的, puzzling令人迷惑的; relaxed放松的, relaxing令人放松的; satisfied满意的, satisfying令人满意的; shocked震惊的, shocking令人震惊的; surprised惊讶的, surprising令人惊讶的; tired疲劳的, tiring令人厌倦的; worried担心的, worrying令人担心的。
3. 提示词是形容词
当提示词是形容词时, 该小题往往考查的是该形容词比较级形式或者考查的是该形容词的副词形式。可依据句子的语境或句式来判断空白处是否需要填写比较级, 依据空白处在句中所作的句子成分来确定是否需要填写副词。
【典例1】The river was so polluted that it ( actual) caught fire and burned. ( 2014年课标卷Ⅰ)
解析: actually。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 因此空白处应使用提示词actual的副词形式。
【典例2】Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is (clean) than ever. ( 2014年课标卷Ⅰ)
解析: cleaner。分析句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作表语, 由此结合空后的than可知, 空白处应用提示词的比较级形式, 故空白处填cleaner。
【知识延伸】对于形容词或副词比较级的构成方法, 在备考时需要夯实基础, 并做到熟练掌握, 灵活运用。而对于不符合规律的几个词, 可以结合以下顺口溜来强化记忆:
合二为一共三对, 坏病两多和两好 ( bad /ill ~ worse ~ worst; many / much ~ more ~ most;good / well ~ better ~ best) ; 一分为二有两个, 一是远来二是老 ( far ~ farther/ further ~ farthest/furthest; old ~ older / elder ~ oldest / eldest) ; 还有一词含双义, 只记少来不记小 ( little ~ less ~least) 。
4. 提示词是副词
当提示词是副词时, 该小题考查的往往是副词的比较级 ( 目前高考尚未对最高级进行考查) 。在分析试题时, 需要结合好句子的具体语境或者比较级方面的常用句式, 找准答题的切入点和突破口。
【典例1】Thehard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. ( 2014年课标卷Ⅱ)
解析: 分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 由此结合句式“the + 比较级 + 其他, the+ 比较级 + 其他”可知, 空白处应使用提示词hard的比较级形式。
【典例2】We had made our reservation six monthsearly) , but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. ( 2014年广东卷)
解析: earlier。在题干中, 空白处在句中作状语, 结合空后的内容可知, 逗号前表示“我们早在六个月前就预订过了”, 因此空白处应用提示词early的比较级形式。故空白处填earlier。
【知识延伸】在复习备考时, 注意熟练掌握以下比较级方面的常用句式:
( 1) 形容词或副词的比较级 + than +其他。
( 2) less + 原级 + than意为“不如……”。
( 3) 1比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 + 其他。
2比较级 + than + ( all) the other + 复数名词 + 其他。
3比较级 + than + anyone else + 其他。
4比较级 + than + the rest of the other+ 复数名词或不可数名词 + 其他。
5 比较级 + than + any of the other + 复数名词 + 其他。
( 温馨提示: 1至5用于同一范围内进行比较。)
6 比较级 + than + any + 单数名词 +其他 ( 不在同一范围内比较) 。
( 4) the + 比较级 ( + 主语 + 谓语) , the+ 比较级 ( + 主语 + 谓语 ) , 意为“越······就越······”。
( 5) 比较级 + and + 比较级, 意为“越来越······”。
( 6) the + 形容词比较级 ( + 其他) + of the two + 名词, 意为“两者中较······的一个”。
例如:
1They think that Jane is less beautiful than Mary. 他们认为Jane不如Mary漂亮。
2China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲任何其他的国家都大。 ( 中国在亚洲范围内)
3China is larger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。 ( 中国不在非洲范围内)
4I want to choose the cheaper one of the two coats to spare some money for a book. 两件大衣中, 我想选择便宜的一件, 这样可以节省一些钱买本书。
三、内容综述与备考建议
在语篇型语法填空题中, 涉及形容词和副词方面的考查, 可结合空后的提示词特点, 细致分析研读题干, 分析好空白处在句中的具体作用, 并结合好语境、构词法、句式等相关知识在空白处填入正确的答案。
而知识是能力的基础, 没有知识为基础, 那么能力就完全是空话。因此考生在复习备考时, 需要熟记考纲要求掌握的全部词汇, 熟练掌握好形容词和副词方面的基础知识, 并通过专题训练和综合训练来不断培养和提高自己的应用能力。
在习题的选择上, 前期可结合单句填空和语篇型语法填空来进行训练, 后期以语篇型语法填空为主。因为语篇型语法填空包括短文体和对话体两种考查形式, 虽然在2014年高考中两套课标卷均采用的是短文体, 但是2015年高考仍然存在对话体的可能性, 因此在训练时, 两种考查形式均应兼顾, 这样才能充分备考, 赢在2015年高考。
四、强化训练
根据括号内的提示词, 在空白处填入该词的适当形式 ( 不多于3个单词) 。
1. I cannot control my body well; my legs become_______ ( pain)
2. It is___ ( good ) to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people better after they are ill.
3. He began to take political science______ ( serious) only when he left school.
4. I left it early because I had an appoint-ment________ ( late) that day.
5. Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and____ ( soft) .
6. In this lecture, I can only give you a purely________ ( person ) view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
7. Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already__________ ( exhaust) shoulder.
8. He must be________ ( mental ) disabled.
9. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them_______ ( interest) in his lectures.
10. A note is often a______ ( good) way to “talk”with a child than using the telephone.
11. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea, but________ ( fortunate ) neither of themcould swim
12. In________ ( tradition ) Chinese culture, marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.
13. It looks like the weather is changing for the_________ ( bad ) and I don't know if we should stick to our plan.
14. If it is quite________ ( convenience) to you, I will visit you next Tuesday.
15.__________ ( surprise) and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
16. In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks________ ( friend ) to people greeting him.
17. Ales and Andy performed______ ( skillful) and they won the firs prize at the concert.
18. Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life________ ( easy) and more efficient, have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.
19. But such a small thing couldn't_________ ( possible) destroy a village.
20. It is not socially_______ ( accept) for parents to leave children unattended at that age.
21.__________ ( strange ) enough, some famous scientists have the questions of being both careful and careless.
22. Mary felt_________ ( please) , because there were many empty seats in the room.
23. Oh, it must have been Dad and I'm sure he was in the kitchen_________ ( early) .
24. When we plan our vacation, mother often offers________ ( practice) suggestions.
25. Mr. Smith, tired of the__________ ( bore) speech, started to read a novel.
26. The great success of this programme has been_________ ( large) due to the support givenby the local businessmen.
27. Please remain_________ ( seat ) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
28. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”_________ ( high) .
29. Be_______ ( reason) — you can't expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
30. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not so_________ ( fluent ) as a nativespeaker.
31. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here__________ ( early) .
32. I'm very__________ ( please ) with myown cooking and it looks nice and smells delicious.
33. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled________ ( warm) , and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.
34. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love; nothing could be__________ ( sweet) .
35. Running a company is not_________ ( simple) a matter of hiring people— they also need to be trained.
36. I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are________ ( many ) meaningful things to do.
37. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their_________ ( nature) course.
38. Everything seemed to be going________ ( smooth) for the first two days after I moved to New York.
39. Of the two sisters, Betty is the______ ( young) one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.
40. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be______ ( equal) respected.
41. Mr. Smith owns a______ ( large ) collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.
42. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers_____ ( sudden ) became friendly to one another.
43. Though_______ ( surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
44. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9. 91 seconds, and I have not seen_______ ( well) this year.
45. We used to see each other_______ ( regular) , but I haven't hear from him since last year.
46. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much_________ ( heavy) she was getting.
47. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out; she was_________ ( surprise) helpful.
48. Boris has brains, and in fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has a________ ( high) IQ.
49. The committee is discussing the problem right now and it will_______ ( hopeful ) have been solved by the end of next week.
50. It's necessary to be_____ ( prepare) for a job interview and having the answers ready will be of great help.
51. The number of people present at the concert was________ ( small) than expected and there were many tickets left.
52. Every evening after dinner, if not_____ ( tire) from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
53. Once you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much__________ ( easy) .
54. Although you can find bargains in London, it's not_________ ( general) a cheap place to shop.
55. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the i Pad 5__________ ( comfortable) to hold.
56. Our club is open to everyone regardless of age, sex or_________ ( education ) background.
57. I wish you'd do a bit_________ ( little) talking and some more work and thus things will become better.
58. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others________ ( blind) .
59. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left________ ( satisfy) .
60. Painted red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very_______ ( attraction) .
参考答案:
1. painful。分析题干的句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作表语, 而提示词是一个名词, 因此空白处应用提示词pain的形容词形式, 故空白处填painful。
2. better。分析题干的句子成分可知空白处在句中作表语, 且根据题干的语境可知, 空白处表示比较, 因此应用提示词的比较级形式, 故空白处填better。
3. seriously。根据空前的take, 并结合语境可知, 此处为动词短语“take sth seriously”, 意为“严肃/认真对待某事”, 因此空白处应用提示词serious的副词形式, 故空白处填seriously。
4. later。在题干中, 空白处在句中作状语, 结合语境“当天晚些时候我有约会”可知, 空白处应用提示词late的比较级形式, 故空白处填later。
5. softly。在题干中, 空白处与空前的副词naturally是并列状语, 因此空白处应用提示词soft的副词形式。故空白处填softly。
6. personal。分析句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作名词view的定语, 因此应用该词的形容词形式, 故空白处填personal。
7 . exhausted。在题干中, 空白处在句中作定语, 用于修饰名词shoulder, 因此空格处应用提示词的过去分词exhausted ( 属于分词形容词化) 。由现在分词构成的形容词常用于物, 而由过去 分词构成 的形容词 常用于人; 当修饰与人有关的表情、眼神和声音等时, 常用过去分词构成的形容词, 故空白处填exhausted。
8. mentally。在题干中, 空白处作状语, 而括号内的提示词是形容词, 因此空白处应用该词的副词形式, 故空白处填mentally。
9. interested。空白处在句中作表语, 而且用于描述人, 因此interested符合题意, 故空白处填interested。
10. better。空白处在句中作定语, 修饰名词way, 由此结合语境及空后的关键词than可知, 空白处应用good的比较级形式, 故空白处填better。
11. unfortunately。在题干中, 空白处在句中作状语, 结合语境“但是不幸的是, 他们两个没有一个人会游泳”可知, 空白处应用提示词的副词形式 ( 注意是fortunately的反义词) , 故空白处填unfortunately。
12. traditional。分析句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作定语, 而提示词是名词, 因此空白处应用该词的形容词形式, 故空白处填traditional。
13. worse。在题干中, 空白处与空前的定冠词一起在句中作宾语 ( “the + 形容词”相当于名词) , 结合空白处前后的内容可知, 空白处表示比较的语气, 因此应用提示词的比较级形式, 故空白处填worse。
14. convenient。在题干中, 空白处作表语, 而提示词是名词, 因此空白处应用提示词convenience的形容词形式, 故空格处填convenient。
15. Surprised。空白处 与空后的 形容词happy在句中作状语, 而句子的主语是人, 因此应用提示词的过去分词形式 ( 分词形容词化) ( 填写时, 注意单词首字母的大写) , 故空白处填Surprised。
16. friendly。在题干中, 空白处作表语, 结合语境可知, 空白处应用friend的形容词形式, 故空白处填friendly。
17. skillfully。空白处在句中作状语, 修饰谓语动词performed, 因此应用skillful的副词形式, 故空白处填skillfully。
18. easier。空白处在句中作宾语补足语, 结合空后的“more efficient”可知, 空白处应用easy的比较级形式, 故空白处填easier。
19. possibly。分析题干的句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 因此空白处应用提示词possible的副词形式, 故空白处填possibly。
20. acceptable。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作表语, 而提示词是动词, 因此空白处应用accept的形容词形式, 故空白处填acceptable。
21. Strangely。空白处在句首作状语, 因此应用提示词strange的副词形式, 故空白处填Strangely。
22. pleased。在题干中, 空白处在句中作表语, 且句子的主语是人, 由此可知, 空白处应用please的过去分词形式 ( 分词形容词化) , 故空白处填pleased。
23. earlier。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 而提示词是副词, 由此结合语境可知, 空白处应用early的比较级形式, 故空白处填earlier。
24. practical。在题干 中, 空白处作 名词suggestions的定语, 而提示词是名词, 因此空白处应用提示词practice的形容词形式, 故空白处填practical。
25. boring。空白处在句中作定语, 修饰名词speech, 而提示词是使役性动词, 因此空白处应用提示词的现在分词形式 ( 分词形容词化) , 故空白处填boring。
26. largely。句意为: 这个项目之所以取得成功, 在很大程度上是由于当地商人的支持。空白处在句中作状语, 因此应用提示词large的副词形式, 故空白处填largely。
27. seated。在题干中, remain是系动词, 空白处作表语, 而提示词seat是使役性动词, 意为“使……坐下”, 因此空白处应用该词的过去分词形式 ( 形容词, 表示状态) , 故空白处填seated。
28. higher。分析句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 由此结合语境“庄稼确实长高了”可知, 空白处暗含了比较的语气, 因此应用high的比较级形式, 故空白处填写higher。
29. reasonable。句意为: 要讲道理, 你不能指望我在如此短的时间里完成所有的工作。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作表语, 且破折号之前是一个祈使句, 因此空白处应用reason的形容词形式, 故空白处填reasonable。
30. fluently。空白处在句中作状语, 结合句式“not as/ so + 形容词或副词原级 + as”可知, fluently与题意相符, 故空白处填fluently。
31. earlier。在题干中, 空白处作状语, 结合句子的语境可知, 空白处在句中表示比较的语气, 因此应用提示词的比较级形式, 故空白处填earlier。
32. pleased。空白处在句中作表语, 而提示词是使役性动词, 因此空白处应用提示词的过去分词形式 ( 此处也可看作是常用短语“be pleased with”, 意为“对……感到满意”) , 故空白处填pleased。
33. warmly。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 用于修饰空前的谓语动词smiled, 因此空白处应用warm的副词形式, 故空白处填warmly。
34. sweeter。在题干中, 空格处作表语, 由此结合语境“没有什么能比这更甜的了”可知, 空白处应用提示词sweet的比较级形式, 故空白处填sweeter。
35. simply。空白处在句中作状语, 而提示词是形容词, 因此应用simple的副词形式, 故空白处填simply。
36. more。句意为: 我认为每天晚上看电视浪费时间, 有更有意义的事情需要去做。由此可知, 空白处表示比较, 因此应用many的比较级形式, 故空白处填more。
37. natural。在题干中, 空白处在句中作定语, 用于修饰名词course, 而提示词为名词, 因此空白处应用提示词nature的形容词形式, 故空白处填natural。
38. smoothly。空白处在句中作状语, 修饰going, 而提示词是形容词, 因此应用该词的副词形式, 故空白处填smoothly。
39. younger。题干是句式“the + 形容词比较级 ( + 其他) + of the two + 名词”的变形, 因此younger与题意相符,
40. equally。空白处在句中作状语, 用于修饰respected, 因此空白处应用equal的副词形式, 故空白处填equally。
41. larger。空白处在句中作定语, 由此结合空后的than可知, 空白处表示比较, 因此应用large的比较级形式, 故空白处填larger。
42. suddenly。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 而提示词是形容词, 因此空白处应用提示词sudden的副词形式, 故空白处填suddenly。
43. surprised。在含有状语从句的主从复合句中, 如果主句和从句的主语一致, 且从句中含有be动词, 此时可省略从句中的主语和be动词。由此可知, 在题干中, Though之后省略了“she / he was”, 空白处在句中作表语, 因此应用surprise的过去分词形式, 故空白处填surprised。
44. better。空白处在句中作状语, 结合语境“今年我从来没有见过比这更好的”可知, 空白处应用well的比较级, 故空白处填better。
45. regularly。在题干中, 空白处作状语, 因此应用提示词regular的副词形式, 故空白处填regularly。
46. heavier。句意为: Mary一直称自己的体重, 想看一下自己又重了多少。结合语境可知, 空白处表示的是一种比较的语气, 因此应用heavy的比较级形式, 故空白处填heavier。
47. surprisingly。分析题干的句子成分可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 用于修饰作表语的形容词helpful, 因此空白处应用提示词的副词形式, 故空白处填surprisingly。
48. higher。空白处在句中作定语, 由此结合语境“我怀疑班里是否有人比他的智商更高”可知, 空白处应用提示词high的比较级形式, 故空白处填higher。
49. hopefully。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作状语, 因此应用提示词的副词形式, 故空白处填hopefully。
50. prepared。根据常用短语“be prepared for”可知, prepared与题意相符。
51. smaller。根据空后的关键词than及语境可知, 比较级smaller与题意相符。
52. tired。在if之后省略了主语和be动词, 结合短语“be tired from” ( 因……而疲劳) 可知, tired与题意相符。
53. easier。句意为: 一旦你开始以一种更健康的方式吃饭, 控制体重就会容易得多。在题干中, 空白处作表语, 结合语境可知, 空白处应用easy的比较级形式, 故空白处填easier。
54. generally。空白处在句中作状语, 因此应用提示词general的副词形式, 故空白处填generally。
55. more comfortable。空白处在句中作宾补, 结合空前的语境可知, 空白处暗含了一种比较的语气, 因此空白处应用comfortable的比较级形式, 故空白处填more comfortable。
56. educational。分析题干可知, 空白处在句中作名词background的定语, 因此空白处应用提示词education的形容词形式, 故空白处填educational。
57. less。句意为: 我希望你少说多做, 这样情况会更好一些。由此可知, 空白处应用提示词little的比较级形式, 故空白处填less。
58. blindly。空白处在句中作状语, 因此应用提示词blind的副词形式, 故空白处填blindly。
59. unsatisfied。句意为: 好故事不一定必须有圆满的结局, 但一定不能让读者不满意。在题干中, 空白处作主语补足语, 此处为“leave sb / sth + 形容词”的被动形式, 结合语境可知, unsatisfied与题意相符 ( 注意是satisfied的反义词) 。
60. attractive。空白处在句中作表语, 且空前有副词very修饰, 因此空白处应用提示词的形容词原级形式, 故空白处填attractive。
3.形容词和副词的比较等级讲与练 篇三
一、原级
使用原级一般有两种情况:
1.当不进行比较时,在程度副词very, so, quite, too等后面的形容词或副词要用原级。例如:
This box is too heavy. 这个箱子太重了。
She speaks English very well. 她英语讲得很好。
2.在“as…as”或“not as/so…as”结构中,虽有比较的意思,但形容词或副词要用原形。例如:
This ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子和那把尺子一样长。
Jim is not as/so tall as Tom. 吉姆不如汤姆高。
二、比较级
表示两者(人或事物)之间的比较时,一般要用比较级。
1.than前面的形容词或副词要用比较级。
You are taller than your brother. 你比你弟弟高。
He jumped higher than you. 他比你跳得高。
2.形容词或副词前有much, a lot, a little, far, still, even等词时,要用比较级。例如:
He studies even harder. 他学习更努力了。
You must come a little earlier tomorrow. 你明天必须早来一会儿。
This story is much more interesting than that one.
这个故事比那个有趣的多。
三、最高级
表示三者或三者以上的人或物比较时,要用最高级,其中有一个在某方面超过了其他几个。形容词最高级前要用定冠词the,副词前可不用the。最高级一般要与表示比较范围的介词in或of连用。of后面常接可数名词复数或all等代词,主语和of后的名词或代词属于同一个概念范畴;in后一般跟一个组织、单位、团体之类的集体名词,主语和in后面的名词不是同一概念范畴。例如:
She is the youngest of the students. 她是学生中年龄最小的。
She is the youngest in our class. 她是我们班里年龄最小的。
四、在使用比较等级时,要注意以下几点:
1.形容词的最高级前有了名词所有格或物主代词时,不再用定冠词the了。例如:
Jim is my best friend. 吉姆是我最好的朋友。
2.形容词的最高级作表语,且不与其他人或物相比较时,也不用定冠词the。例如:
Miss Gao is busiest on Friday. 高老师星期五最忙。
3.在比较级的句子中有“of the two”之类意义的词组时,比较级前要用定冠词the。例如:
Bill is the taller of the two boys.
比尔是两个男孩中个子较高的一个。
4.“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构表示“越是……就越……”的意思。例如:
The more,the better. 越多越好。
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙就越感到高兴。
5.“比较级+and+比较级”结构表示“越来越……”。多音节词要用“more+and+more+原级”。例如:
He is running faster and faster. 他跑得越来越快。
The city is becoming more and more beautiful.
这个城市变得越来越美了。
6.在比较级中,当主语与其他人或物作比较时,要用other一词把主语自身排除在外,用形容词或副词的比较等级形式,表示的是最高级的含义。例如:
Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.
汤姆比他班里的任何男孩都高。
7.“Which(Who) is+形容词比较级,A or B?”表示“两个人或物中哪一个(谁)较……?”。例如:
Who is taller, Jim or Mike? 吉姆和迈克,谁个子较高?
8.“Which(Who) is+the+形容词最高级,A, B or C?”表示“三个人或物中哪一个(谁)最……?”。例如:
Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
太阳、月亮和地球,哪一个最大?
9.“Which(Who)+do/does+主语+谓语+副词比较级(最高级),A or B(A, B or C)?” 表示“两个(三个)中,……较(最)……?”。例如:
Which do you like better, apples or bananas?
苹果和香蕉你较喜欢哪一种?
10.“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”的意思。例如:
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。
练习:做一做相关中考题
1. An elephant is ____ than a tiger. (长沙市)
A. heavyB. very heavyC. the heaviestD. heavier
2. Lesson Ten is ____ than Lesson Nine. (哈尔滨市)
A. difficultB. more difficultC. difficulterD. very difficult
3. The bread is ____ than those cakes. (广西)
A. very delicious B. much delicious
C. more deliciousD. as delicious
4. Few of us like him because he thinks ____ of others than of himself.
(潍坊市)
A. much moreB. a littleC. muchD. much less
5. ——Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? (南京市)
——Certainly, we can buy ____ one than this, but ____ this.
A. a better, better than
B. a worse, as good as
C. a cheaper, as good as
D. a more important, not as good as
6. They have just cleaned the windows, so the room looks ____.
(河南省)
A. more brighterB. more brightC. less brightD. much brighter
7. In our city, it’s ____ in July, but it is even ____ in August. (天津市)
A. hotter, hottestB. hot, hotC. hotter, hotD. hot, hotter
8. Mary has three brothers. Smith is ____ of the three. (武汉市)
A. most tallB. the tallestC. taller
9. Who’s ____ in your class? (兰州市)
A. strongB. strongerC. strongestD. the strongest
10. ——What animal do you like ____?
——I like all kinds of animals.
(甘肃省)
A. betterB. bestC. veryD. well
11. Which subject is ____, physics or chemistry?(吉林省)
A. interestingB. most interesting
C. more interestingD. the most interesting
12. ——I will give you some nice picture books.
——Good. The ____, the ____.(厦门市)
A. more, betterB. many, betterC. most, bestD. much, better
13. Lin Tao jumped ____ in the long jump in the school sports meeting.(桂林市)
A. farB. fartherC. farthestD. quite far
14. The horse is old and cannot run ____ it did. (武汉市)
A. as faster asB. so fast thanC. as fast as
15. Of the two Australian students, Masha is ____ one. I think you can find her easily. (重庆市)
A. tallestB. the tallerC. tallerD. the tallest
4.形容词与副词的比较级 篇四
教材典句:
1.What’ the highest mountain in the world ? 2.One of the world’s most dangerous sports in mountain climbing.3.This elephant weights many times more than this panda.4.It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.5.It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.语法全解: 一. 概说
英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级,即原级、比较级和最高级。比较级主要用于两者比较,最高级主要用于三者或三折以上进行比较。二. 比较等级的构成 1.通过后缀加-er和-est构成
① 单音节和部分双音节词通过后缀加-er和-est构成比较级和最高级:
high----higher----highest
strong----stronger----strongest cheap----cheaper----cheapest ② 若原级以字母e结尾,则只加-r和-st: nice----nicer----nicest Large----larger----largest ③ 若原级以“辅音字母+y”结尾,则应改y为i,再加-er,-est构成比 较级和最高级: Dry----drier----driest ④ 若原级以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,则双写这个辅音字母后加-er和-est构成比较级和最高级: Big----bigger----biggest fat----fatter----fattest thin----thinner----thinnest hot----hotter----hottest 2.通过在其前加more和most构成
多音节和部分双音节词通过在其前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级:
Difficult----more difficult----most difficult Popular----more popular----most popular Beautiful----more beautiful----most beautiful Interesting----more interesting----most interesting 三. 形容词与副词比较等级的不规则变化 1.常见不规则形容词与副词的比较等级变化
原级
比较级
最高级
Good
better
best Bad
worse
worst Ill(有病的)
worse(病情严重的)
worst(病情最严重的)Many
more
most Far
farther/further
farthest/furthest Old
older
oldest
原级
比较级
最高级
Well
better
best Badly
worse
worst Much
more
most Little
less
least 四. 注意事项:
1.基本原则:不作比较用原级,两者比较用比较级,多者比较用最高级。
Tom is very thin.他很高。(尽管“很高”,但没有比较,固用原级)Tom’s very thin, but fatter than me.汤姆很瘦,但是比我胖。Jack is the thinnest boy in our class.在我们班,汤姆是最瘦。2.形容词最高级前用一般the,副词最高级前可用the,也可以省略。
5.形容词与副词的比较级 篇五
词尾变化规则总表:名复
单三
现
形
过 词尾情况 一 般 s,x,sh,ch
e 单元音+1个辅音 辅+y 名(词)复(数)
+s
+es
+s
ⅹ y—i,+es
名复单三不双写
单三
+s
+es
+s ⅹ y---i,+es
现(分)
+ing
同上
哑e 去 ,+ing 双写词尾+ing ⅹ
现分没有y变i
形(副等级)+er, est see
hard quick cold clever new narrow sour round smart loud mean stupid wild dull quiet black warm sick bright cool near weak bald young straight tall short long calm deep cheap strong high slow dark great blind dumb deaf full poor real few gray polite(少用)often(2)
过(式,分)
+ed
play help open stay fix clean listen finish borrow join return pour perform rain work check wait pick laugh mix end fear call happen fail fold answer return look talk plant annoy knock review hang(绞死)
形(副等级)+er, est
同上
+r, st
双写词尾+er, est y---i,+er(est)more, most +…..形过变化样样有
过(式,分)
+ed
同上
+d 双写词尾+ed y---i,+ed
词尾变化规则总表:名复
单三
现
形
过 词尾情况
1、一 般 名(词)复(数)
+s cat month ticket Korean American Australian Indian Russian Canadian Italian German Jew European human boy monkey day way key photo piano radio zoo kilo mango(少用)
2、e
e +s
e +s hope come
哑e 去 ,+ing live come write take have
单三
现(分)
+s open listen clean play stay say
+ing go
study
open fix open listen
clean
sneeze(打喷嚏)see
e +r, st
fine free close nice able white blonde sore true large safe handsome lame true sure cute(2种)
e +d
skate love like dance change practice close die live receive retire advice argue hate smile exchange smoke agree lie(说谎)sneeze打喷嚏
3、单元音+ 1个辅音 名 复
单 三
不 双 写 双写词尾+ing sit begin shop run forget plan hit put set clap star主演 hiccup打嗝
双写词尾+er, est
red big hot thin fat sad slim flat mad
双写词尾+ed
stop plan fit drop shop chat(聊天)trip(绊倒)kid(欺骗)star 主演hiccup打嗝
4、辅+y, y—i y—i,+es y---i,+e现分没有y变i y---i,+er(est)
easy happy healthy early busy ugly curly funny scary pretty angry cloudy sunny rainy windy lovely friendly unfriendly unhappy unlucky furry tiny guilty greedy heavy moody lively thirsty lazy hungry sorry empty crazy silly pushy lucky shy(2种)
y---i,+ed
study cry marry carry worry city factory country baby s family library dictionary
carry study
5、s,x,sh,ch,o
+es
+es
glass box watch dish catch wish bus negro hero
watch potato fix
brush go do tomato mango
五种词尾变化
名词变复数不规则变化 f,fe---v+es thief—thieves(小偷)self—selves(自己)leaf—leaves(叶子)life---lives(命)half---halves;(一半)wife---wives(妻子)shelf—shelves(架)knife---knives(刀)
wolf—wolves(狼)roof—roofs(屋顶)chef—chefs(厨师)scarf—scarfs,scarves(围巾)词形不变 变成e 只有复数 形复实单 形单实复 特殊变化
合成 名 词 只变一词 两词都变 Chinese Japanese sheep deer Swiss 中日羊鹿瑞士人
man---men Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen foot---feet tooth---teeth clothes pants trousers shorts scissors(剪刀)compasses(圆规)glasses(眼镜)news maths politics physics cattle people police 谓语用复数 child---children mouse--mice boy student---boy students night school---night schools pencil sharpener--sharpeners woman doctor---women doctors man singer---men singers 动词的现在分词形式不规则变化 词尾情况 ie 规则 ie----y,+ing
例词 die tie lie 形容词、副词的比较级、最高级形式不规则变化 不
规
则
变
化 原级 good/well bad/ill many/much little far 多数 多音节词 more,most +原级 useful famous quickly beautiful creative serious outgoing amazing awful exciting excited interested famous intelligent expensive inexpensive tired honest wonderful interesting fantastic sadly beautifully delicious slowly open difficult carefully beautifully deeply careless active athletic original foolish wrong right casual casually nervous unusual usual modest natural pleased realistic popular loving inexpensive comfortable convenient crowded truly exhausted embarrassed convincing careless careful carefully enormous completely particularly quickly quietly aggressive specifically disappointed disgusted successful suitable educational gradually unpleasant pleasant polite(2种)common(2种)
比较级 better worse more less farther further late later latter old older elder
最高级 best worst most least farthest furthest latest last oldest eldest
词义
距离 程度 时间 顺序 年龄关系 兄弟姐妹关系
五种词尾变化
五种词尾变化
GO FOR IT
PT PP
meaning 让 允许 阅读 放 置 花费 打 砍 切 割 伤害 弄伤 撒 抛 投 root form let read put cost hit cut hurt cast pt let read put cost hit cut hurt cast shut set spread overcast broadcast forecast burst caught taught thought bought sought fought brought swept wept kept slept dreamt learnt burnt built
bent spent sent paid said stood understood misunderstood sold gave forgave told dealt
pp let read put cost hit cut hurt cast shut set spread overcast broadcast forecast burst caught taught thought bought sought fought brought swept wept kept slept dreamt learnt burnt built bent spent sent paid said stood understood misunderstood sold given forgiven told dealt
meaning 喂 遇见 感觉 嗅,发出 拼写 损坏,宠坏
root form feed meet feel smell spell spoil
pt fed met felt smelt spelt spoilt found held heard had lost left made shot shone sat babysat spat won bled fled rebuilt overslept dug lied laid lay beat wove rose arose drove took mistook shook blew grew knew drew threw flew showed saw
pp fed met felt smelt spelt spoilt found held heard had lost left made shot shone sat babysat spat won bled fled rebuilt overslept dug lied laid lain beaten woven risen arisen driven taken mistaken shaken blown grown known drawn thrown flown shown seen
发现,找到
find 举着,握着 听见 有,吃 丢失,失去 离开,留下 制造,使得 射击 射伤 照耀 发光 坐 临时照顾 吐,吐唾液 打赢,获胜 出血 逃跑 改建 睡过头 挖 撒谎 放置 下蛋
躺 敲打,振翅 编织 上升,升起 发生,呈现 驱使 驱赶 拿走,带走 误认为 摇动 挥动 刮风,吹 生长,种植 知道,了解 画,拖,拉 投掷 抛 飞行 展示 看见,看望
hold hear have/has lose leave make shoot shine sit babysit spit win bleed flee rebuild oversleep dig lie lay lie beat weave rise arise drive take mistake shake blow grow know draw throw fly show see 关闭
shut 沉入 安置 传播 展开 使阴暗 广播 预测 爆炸 捕捉 赶上
教书 教学 想 认为 买
搜寻 追求 打架 打仗 带来 扫 哭泣 流泪 保持
睡觉 梦到,做梦 学习,学会 燃烧 建 设 弯曲,弯腰
花费,度过 发送,派遣 付钱
说 站立
明 白 误 解
卖 给 原谅 告诉 处置,对付
set spread overcast broadcast forecast burst catch teach think buy seek fight bring sweep weep keep sleep dream learn burn build bend spend send pay say stand understand misunderstand sell give forgive tell deal
五种词尾变化
意味着 粘 坚持
说 讲话 醒 唤醒 选择 结冰,冰冻 偷 撕开 撕破 穿着 带着 骑 写 禁止 躲藏 咬,叮 来 成为 击败 跑 游泳 唱歌 下沉 响铃 喝酒 饲养 领导
喂 临时照顾
mean stick speak wake awake choose freeze steal tear wear ride write forbid hide bite come become overcome run swim sing sink ring drink keep lead feed babysit meant stuck spoke woke awoke chose froze stole tore wore rode wrote forbade hid bit came became overcame ran swam sang sank rang drank kept led fed babysat
meant stuck spoken woken awoken chosen frozen stolen torn worn ridden written forbidden hidden bitten come become overcome run swum sung sunk rung drunk kept led fed babysat
是 落下 降落 吃 喝 打破,折断 开始 做 走,去 悬挂 绞死 蜿蜒,曲折 点燃,照亮
能,能够
不得不 必要(实)必要(情)敢
(实)敢
(情)能,可能 可能,可以 必须,一定 应该,理应 即将,将会 即将,将会 过去常常 展示 拼写
be fall eat break begin do go hang hang wind light light be able to have to need need dare dare can may must ought to shall will---------show spell
was/were fell ate broke began did went hung hanged wound lighted lit was able to were able to had to needed----------dared-----------could might must-----------should would used showed spelt
been fallen eaten broken begun done gone hung hanged wound lighted lit been able to had to needed-----------dared---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------shown spelt 5
五种词尾变化
7下不规则动词的过去式 汉语 1 A-A 必 让 放 读 花 打 砍 伤 2 –ew 画 长 知 扔 示 飞 3-ought 想 来 买 4-aught 教 抓 5 –o-断 忘 说 动词原形 1 A--A must let put read cost hit cut hurt 2 –ew draw grow know throw show fly 3 –ought think bring buy 4 –-aught teach catch 5-o--break forget speak 过去式 1 A—A must let put read[] cost hit cut hurt 2 –ew[:] drew grew knew threw showed flew 3 –ought[:] thought brought bought 4-aught[[:] taught caught 5 –o—[] broke forgot spoke
写 拿 卖 诉 弄 骑 开 站 懂 6 –e— 留 见 意 睡 离 握 扫 感 落
喂 7 –-a--始 喝 跑 唱 游 给 坐
write take sell tell get ride drive stand understand 6–e— keep meet mean sleep leave hold sweep feel fall feed 7 –-a--begin drink run sing swim give sit
wrote took sold told got rode drove stood understood 6 –e—[] kept met meant slept left held swept felt fell fed 7 –-a--[] began drank ran sang swam gave[] sat be动词是 是 是 9 助动词 可 能 将 将 做 做 10----t 花 建 丢 11其他 来 去 生 有 有 看 听 说 吃 找 花 躺 be动词am is are 9 助动词 may can will shall do does 10----t spend build lose 11其他 come go bear have has see hear say eat find pay lie be动词was was were 9 助动词 might could would should did did 10----t spent built lost[] 11其他 came went bore [:] had had saw heard said ate found[] paid lay GO FOR IT
PT PP(八下常用)
meaning 让 允许 阅读 放 置 花费 打 砍 切 割 伤害 弄伤 沉入 安置 root form let read put cost hit cut hurt set pt let read put cost hit cut hurt set shut caught taught thought bought fought
pp let read put cost hit cut hurt set shut caught taught thought bought fought
meaning 到达 绞死 悬挂 照亮 撒谎 躺 下蛋
敲打 来 成为 跑 给 驾驶
拿走
root form get hang hang light lie lie lay beat come become run give drive take
pt got hanged hung lit lied lay laid beat came became ran gave drove took
pp got hanged hung lit lied lain laid beaten come become run given driven taken 关闭
shut 抓 教 认为 买
打架 catch teach think buy fight 6
五种词尾变化
带来 扫 保持
睡觉 梦 学会 燃烧 建 设 度过 发送,派遣 付钱
说 站立
明 白 卖 告诉 意味着 遇见 喂 感觉 闻 拼写 发现
握着 听见 有 丢失 离开 制造 坐 临时照顾 获胜 bring sweep keep sleep dream learn burn build spend send pay say stand understand sell tell mean meet feed feel smell spell find hold hear have/has lose leave make sit babysit win brought swept kept slept dreamt learnt burnt built
spent sent paid said stood understood sold told meant met fed felt smelt spelt found held heard had lost left made sat babysat won
brought swept kept slept dreamt learnt burnt built spent sent paid said stood understood sold told meant met fed felt smelt spelt found held heard had lost left made sat babysat won
误认为 摇动
吹 生长 知道 画 投,抛 展示 飞 看见 是 落下 吃
打破 讲话 醒 选择 偷 穿着 生 骑 写 禁止 躲藏 游泳 唱歌 响铃 喝 开始 做 去 结冰
mistake shake blow grow know draw throw show fly see be fall eat break speak wake choose steal wear bear ride write forbid hide swim sing ring drink begin do go freeze
mistook shook blew grew knew drew threw showed flew saw was/were fell ate broke spoke woke chose stole wore bore rode wrote forbade hid swam sang rang drank began did went froze
mistaken shaken blown grown known drawn thrown shown flown seen been fallen eaten broken spoken woken chosen stolen worn born ridden written forbidden hidden swum sung rung drunk begun done gone frozen 规则与不规则的动词过去式、过去分词(八下常用)leave make sit become run give hurt set shut grow know think buy
lie(说谎)lie lay beat come swim put blow drive take catch teach die
like mistake shake be let read love cost hit cut fall eat get
五种词尾变化
fight bring sweep keep mean meet feel send pay say stand understand sell plan shop break tell hang forbid hide listen clean fix change worry hear join look feed show freeze babysit perform rain call end pick annoy knock
stay marry draw throw fly see stop have/has light win speak wake choose steal wear bear ride write burn build spend sing ring drink begin live return answer retire check pour spell fold happen fear work wait collect
6.形容词与副词的比较级 篇六
用括号里面所给词的适当形式填空
1.They also do _________(good)at home.2.Nancy feels _________(sleep)in the afternoon.3.He never go _________(go)to work by car.4.We _________(watch)TV late late night.5.Wang Bing goes to school _________(early).6.Can you read it _________(slow)? 7.Look,Helen is dancing _________(beautiful).8.My father sings _________(bad).9.My sister sits _________(quiet)there.10.You can speak _________(loud).11.Listen!They are singing _________(happy).12.Your sister is short and _________(weakly).13.What does he _________(usual)do on Sundays.14.The woman was very _________.She was crying _________(sad).15.The lion become _________.He shouted _________(angry).16.The mouse _________(bite)the door yesterday.17.Bill _________(wake)his sister up this morning.18.I’m _________(real)good at English.19.They walk to the classroom _________(quick).20.My father let me _________(go)first.
7.形容词与副词的比较级 篇七
一、复合形容词的构成
【典例】注意例句中画线部分的用法特点。
【考点解读】上述考例中画线部分涉及复合形容词的构成。复合形容词指的是由几个词共同组成并起形容词作用的词,其构成形式主要有:形容词+名词+ed、形容词+名词、形容词/副词+v.-ing、形容词+形容词、副词+过去分词、名词+v.-ing、名词+过去分词、名词+形容词、数词+名词(+ed)、数词+名词+形容词(old,long,high,deep,tall等)。
【温馨提醒】
●复合形容词中单词与单词之间通常要有连字符。
●复合形容词中的名词只能用原形。
●复合形容词在句子中通常只作定语,较少作表语或补语。
●复合形容词前通常还有冠词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格、形容词性物主代词等修饰语。
不不【不即不时不演不练不】根不据不汉不语不提不示不,完不成不句不子不。不不不不
1. 事实上,一幅玫瑰色的画是为假期产业的长远发展而画的。
Indeed,a rosy picture is painted for the?_____ future of the holiday industry.
2.欣慰的是,她看到一个老人正划着一条样子古老的船朝她过来。
【Keys】1.long-term 2.ancient-looking
二、形容词的句法功能
【典例】注意例句中画线部分的句法作用。
【考点解读】上述考例中画线部分涉及形容词的句法功能。
●作定语:一般放在被修饰词的前面。
●作表语:常跟在be,feel,get,turn,become,prove等系动词后。注意:asleep,afraid,awake,alone,aware,alive,ablaze,alike等以a开头的形容词仅能用作表语。
●作补语:在make,keep,get,find,wish,leave,see,consider等动词后,作补足语说明宾语或主语的性质、状态、特征、现状或某一动作的结果等。
●(短语)作状语:可看作是“being+形容词”结构的省略,一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开,位于句首、句末或句中,表示时间、原因、条件、方式、强调或伴随状况等,意义上相当于一个状语从句。
【即时演练】指出画线部分的形容词在句子中所作的成分。
【Keys】1.定语2.补语3.状语;表语
三、形容词作定语时的位置
【典例】注意例句中画线部分的用法特点。
【考点解读】上述考例中画线部分涉及形容词作定语时的位置问题。形容词作定语一般位于名词前。但以下情况中,形容词作定语需要后置:
●形容词修饰由every-,some-,any-,no-加body,one,thing等构成的复合不定代词时。
●形容词短语作定语时(其功能相当于一个定语从句)。
●中间用and,or或but连接的两个意义相近或相反的成对的形容词作定语时。
●形容词else作定语修饰不定代词或疑问代词时。
●形容词比较等级结构作定语修饰名词时。
●“基数词+表示时间或度量单位的名词+形容词”结构作定语修饰名词时。
【即时演练】根据汉语提示,完成句子。
1. 市长悬赏5000美金给任何能活捉或打死那只老虎的人。
The mayor has offered a reward of$5000to anyone who can capture the tiger____.
2.如果有人让你替别人照看行李,请马上通知警察。
If asked to look after luggage for____,inform the police at once.
【Keys】1.alive or dead 2.someone else
四、多个形容词作前置定语修饰同一个名词的排列顺序
【典例】注意例句中画线部分的用法特点。
【考点解读】上述考例中画线部分涉及形容词排序问题。当多个形容词修饰名词时,排列的顺序口诀为“限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老;颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠”。
【即时演练】根据汉语提示,完成句子。
这个漂亮的西班牙小姑娘是琳达的表妹。
【Keys】pretty little Spanish
五、形容词、副词比较等级的用法
【典例】注意例句中画线部分的用法特点。
【考点解读】上述考例中画线部分涉及比较等级问题。
●两者相比,当A=B时,肯定形式用“as+adj./adv.原级+as”或者“as+adj./adv.原级+(a/an+)n.+as”来表示相比较两者的情况一样。
●两者相比,当A≠B时,否定形式用“not so/as+adj./adv.原级+as”或者“not so/as+adj.原级+(a/an+)n.+as”来表示相比较两者的情况不一样,前者不如后者。
●当双方比较,A>B时,用“比较级/more+than”结构。当A不及B的程度时,用“less+adj./adv.原级+than”结构。
●表示“两者中较……的那个人或事物”时,用“the+比较级+of the two...”或“of the two…the+比较级”结构。
●“the+adj./adv.最高级(+名词)+表示范围的短语或从句”结构是三者或三者以上中程度最高的比较方式。
【温馨提醒】
●“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”结构表示后者随着前者的变化而变化,意为“越……就越……”,前者相当于一个条件句,因此,要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
●“比较级+and+比较级”结构表示事物自身情况的逐渐增减,意为“越来越……”,单音节adj./adv.用“-er+and+-er”,多音节adj./adv.用“more and more”或“less and less”。
【即时演练】根据汉语提示,完成句子。
1. 销售经理是一个职位,在这个职位上,交流能力和销售技巧一样重要。
2. 在这两件外套中,为了省出钱来买书我会选择便宜的。
3.我们越愤怒就越有可能走向我们愤怒的事物。
【Keys】1.as important as2.the cheaper3.The angrier;the more likely
六、形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语
【典例】注意例句中画线部分的用法特点。
【考点解读】上述考例中画线部分涉及比较等级修饰语问题。
●“as+adj.原级+as”结构前可用almost,exactly,half,just,nearly,quite,…times,twice,倍数,分数,百分数等修饰,表示程度。
●用a little,a bit,a little bit,slightly等修饰比较级,表示“稍微”“一点”;用much,far,by far,a lot,a good deal,a great deal,rather等修饰,表示“……得多”;用even,still修饰比较级,表示“更……”;用倍数,分数,百分数等修饰比较级,表示程度。
●最高级可用(by)far,much,nearly,about,almost,not quite,by no means,very,next,only及序数词等修饰,表示程度或顺序。
【即时演练】根据汉语提示,完成句子。
1.然而,现在作为一个公众人物,比以前更困难。
2.随着风越刮越大,火蔓延得越来越远。
【Keys】1.a lot more difficult 2.farther and farther;more and more
七、副词的位置
【典例】注意例句中画线部分的用法特点。
【考点解读】上述考例中画线部分涉及副词的位置问题。
●程度副词一般都放在它所修饰的词的前面。enough用作程度副词,可用来修饰形容词、副词、动词等,放在被修饰语之后。
●also,very,even,just,only,not,nearly,especially,exactly,simply,rather,quite等副词可以修饰名词及名词同位语,通常放在被修饰名词的前面。
●here,there,nearby,downstairs,upstairs,above,tomorrow,today等表示地点、时间的副词,虽然不能前置修饰名词,但可以后置修饰。
●always,seldom,often,never,rarely等频度副词通常都放在实义动词前面,情态动词、助动词或动词be后面。
【即时演练】根据汉语提示,完成句子。
1.我们只有100美元,怎么也不够买一台新电脑。
We only had$100 and that was nowhere near_____to buy a new computer.
2.艾伦是个仔细的司机,但是在我所有的朋友当中,他的车开得最不仔细。
Alan is a careful driver,but he drives the____of my friends.
【Keys】1.enough 2.least carefully
八、小试牛刀
(一)单句填空
(二)语法填空
链接高考真题,归纳形容词、副词考点
(一)单句填空
1.effective。is后跟形容词作表语,effective是effect的形容词形式。
2.friendly。looks后面加形容词作表语,friend的形容词形式是friendly。
3.hungry。and连接并列成分,而tired是形容词,故空格处应填形容词。hungry是hunger的形容词形式。
4. concerned。concerned后置时,意为“有关的”。
5. larger。用比较级larger表示“更大的”。
6. further。further是far的比较级形式,意为“进一步的”。
7. best-known。well-known的最高级形式是best-known。
8. so/as。两者相比,否定形式用“not so/as+adj.原级+as”。
9.than。根据easier可知这里使用than。
10.the。表示“两者中较……的那个人或事物”时,用“the+比较级+of the two...”或“of the two…the+比较级”结构。
(二)语法填空
【主旨大意】熊朝忠,一个矿洞里成长起来的穷孩子,为了生活和梦想而走上了职业拳击之路,被称为“中国小泰森”“中国男子职业拳击第一人”。
1.professional。考查形容词。根据句子结构可以知道,这里应填形容词,修饰后面的boxer。profession的形容词形式是professional。
2.working。考查非谓语动词。working作定语修饰miner。
3.strong。考查形容词。根据空白处前面的副词以及复合宾语结构可以知道,这里应填形容词,strength的形容词形式是strong。
4.later。考查副词。根据空白处前面的Two years以及句子时态可知,这里应用later表示“(多少时间)以后”。
5.held。考查非谓语动词。过去分词held作定语修饰competition,表示完成和被动。
6.the。考查冠词。根据上下文,可知这里的success是特指,故前面应使用定冠词。
7.more。考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知,此处应用形容词many的比较级more。
8.all。考查代词。all of us意为“我们大家”。
9. best。考查最高级。try one’s best是固定词组,意为“尽力”,其中的best是名词。
1 0. difficulty。考查名词。形容词difficult的名词形式是difficulty。
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