动词的分类和情态动词用法教案

动词的分类和情态动词用法教案（精选10篇）

1.动词的分类和情态动词用法教案 篇一

1. can 的用法：

(1).表示能力、许可、可能性。 表示能力时一般译为“能、会”， 即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may 和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。

(2).表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。

(3).表示推测，意为“可能”， 常用于否定句和疑问句中， 此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。 如：Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗?—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗?—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。

【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. —No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t

【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“ 不可能”， can’t 表示推测[答案] A

2. could的用法：

(1).can的过去式，意为“ 能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。

(2). could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)

3. may的用法：

(1).表示请求、许可，比can 正式，如：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。

【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would

【解析】 在此处表示请求，意为“ 做……可以吗”。 答案：A

(2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“ 可能， 或许”，一般用于肯定句中。 如：It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。She may be at home. 她可能在家呢.

(3) .may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may。 如：He is away from school. He might be sick.

他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。

(4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V 例如：May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。May you be happy! 祝你幸福! May you succeed!祝你成功!

4. must的用法：

(1).must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。 如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗?

(2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要 ” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”. 如：You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。You mustn’t be late. 你一定不要迟到。

(3)对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t 或 don’t have to .如：—Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗?—No, you needn’t.不，你不必。

(4)must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。

注意其反意问句的构成形式：

当must表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。如：She must have seen the film before，hasn’t she?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)

5. need的用法：

(1).need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。 用need 提问时，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为 needn’t或don’t have to。 如：—Need I stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗?—Yes, you must .是的。—No. you needn’t /don’t have to. 不， 你不必。

(2).need 还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如：I need to do it right now. 我需要马上做这件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。

如果是物作主语，一般用need doing 与 need to be done这种情况下应注意两点：

①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。

6. dare 的用法：dare意为“敢、敢于”, 用法近似于need，有两种词性：

(1)dare 作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如：Dare he tell them what he knows? 他敢告诉他们所知道的情况吗?I daren’t ask her – will you do it for me? 我可不敢问她，你能帮我问问吗?

(2)dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化。如：He doesn’t dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。

注意：在口语中，dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。如：Do you dare tell her what I said?

你敢告诉她我说的话吗?I didn’t dare look at him.我不敢看他。

2.动词的分类和情态动词用法教案 篇二

一情态动词的基本用法

第一, 表示征求对方意见或许可的情态动词有must, can, could, may, might, shall等, 如:

——Must I hand in my homework today?——Yes, you must.Yes, you have to.

——No, you needn’t.No, you don’t have to (用mustn’t是讲不通的)

Can I come in and have a good look at your house with my girlfriend now? (比较口语化)

——Could I use your mobile phone as mine is power off? (语气委婉)

——Yes, you can. (回答不能用could)

MayMight I use your bicycle? (比较正式, 用might语气更委婉)

Shall I open the window to let in some fresh air? (shall此用法只用于第一和第三人称)

Shall he come to sit in this seat and listen to your speech? (同上)

第二, 表示邀请或请求的情态动词有can, will, would, could, 一般用于第二人称;用would和could时表示语气更加委婉, 如:

CanCould you lend me some money to buy some books and dictionaries?

WillWould you please tell us a story or joke for pleasure?

第三, 表示允许或许可的情态动词有can, may, 如:

You can sit here and do your homework because the seat is not occupied.

You may go to bed and get up as late as you like;nobody cares about that.

第四, 表示禁止的情态动词有can’t, mustn’t, shan’t等否定形式, shan’t多表按照某规定“不能”如:

They can’t wear whatever they like when they are at school.

Anybody mustn’t take books out of the library without permission.

You shan’t hand in your papers ahead of time in the examinations according to the regulations.

第五, 表示建议或劝告的情态动词有ought to, should, had better, need等, 如:

Parents ought to take care of their children when they are young and children ought to look after their parents when they are old. (ought to表示义务, 为别人做某事)

You should do a lot of exercise regularly to improve your health. (should表建议, 多指为自己做某事)

You had better put more clothes in case it is cold on the mountain, boy! (多用于上级对下级, 长辈对晚辈之间)

In order to learn English well, you need practice speaking English more often besides reading. (比较口语化)

第六, 表示能力的情态动词有can, could, be able to等。can表示现在的“能力”, could表示过去的“能力”, be able to用来填充can, could没有的时态, 但waswere able to除了表示过去的能力以外还表示“过去设法做成功某事”, 等于managed to do something或succeeded in doing something, 此用法不能被could代替, 如:

When I was in China I couldn’t speak English, but now in USA I can speak it fluently.

I am sure that this promising young man will be able to support his family in the future.

They charged 20 thousand dollars for the car but I was able to bring the price down. (managed tosucceeded in…)

第七, 表示推测的情态动词有may, might, must, can, could, should, ought to等。must表推测语气最强, 但只用于肯定式, 否定式中用can’t或couldn’t代替;mustmaymightcan’tcouldcouldn’t+have done表示对过去发生事情的推测;should, ought to表示“按理说应该”, 如:

It may be the headmaster’s office.I am not sure. (把握性不大)

He was careless.He might have won the first place otherwise. (过去的可能性很小)

——Who can it be? (can代替must)

——It must be our manager.

——No, it can’t he him.He is in Japan at the moment. (must不能用于否定句, 由can’t代替)

——Was it in the street that he played football yesterday?

——It could be in the street, but I am not sure. (可能性不大)

There were five men in your car during the long journey.It must have been uncomfortable. (=It couldn’t have been comfortable.可能性很大)

He was with me in the class at that time yesterday.He couldn’t have played basketball on the playground yesterday. (动词是过去式时用couldn’t have done, 不用can’t have done)

He should be over fifteen years old, because he is a student in the 11th grade.

She ought to turn up at any moment, for she is always on time for work.

第八, 表示轻微埋怨、责备或后悔的情态动词有shouldought toneedn’tcouldmight+have done, 如:

The movie star has died.You shouldought to have come here earlier. (过去该做而没做)

She is unhappy now.I shouldn’toughtn’t to have told her the bad news. (过去不该做而做了)

I needn’t have carried so much cash.All my bank cards could be available actually. (做了没必要做的事)

You could have married me at that time.I loved and love you but he doesn’t. (过去本可以做但没做)

She was out of mind.She might have passed the exam otherwise. (过去也许会但没有)

第九, 表示警告、允诺、命令或威胁的情态动词是shall, 常用于第二、三人称, 如:

You shall take the book to read as long as I finish it before Friday.

All the candidates shall remain at their seats until the bell rings announcing the end of the exam.

第十, 表示偏执的情态动词是must, 如:

If you must want to know my age, which is a privacy, let me tell you unwillingly.

Must you smoke at a no-smoking area?You will be punished seriously.

第十一, 表示怀疑的情态动词有should (竟然) , dare, can’t, 如:

Such a high official should be so rude to that little girl.What a shame!

How dare you say that I treated you unfairly?Actually I did it right.

Why can’t you know my telephone number and email address?We are good friends.

第十二, 表示习惯性的情态动词有will, would, will表示现在反复, would表示过去反复, 如:

After work he will go to the caféto have a cup of coffee every day.

Whenever and wherever he met him, he would stop the soldier and ask the same questions again and again in the army.

二情态动词用法区别

第一, must&have to。must表示主观上“必须”, have to表示客观逼迫“不得不”, 如:

We must study English very hard, which I like very much.

I have to study English very hard, because I have to pass the exam in the NMET.

第二, would, used to, be used to doing&be used to do sth。would表示过去反复的动作, 而uesd to则侧重“过去如此, 现在已经不是那样了”以及“过去存在的状态”;be used to doing是表示“习惯于做某事”, 其中be有时态和人称的变化, 后跟动名词;be used to do something表示“某东西被用来做某事”, 如:

When he was in that factory, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.

He used to smoke and drink a lot, but now he doesn’t.

There used to be a big temple where there is a school now. (过去的状态)

He has been used to working in such bad conditions.

Wood can be used to make desks and chairs as well houses.

第三, didn’t need to do&needn’t have done。didn’t need to do表示“过去没必要做也没做”, 而needn’t have done表示“过去没必要做但已经做了”, 如:

It was raining yesterday.I didn’t need to work in the fields, so I stayed at home. (没去工作)

It was Sunday yesterday.I needn’t have gone to school.But I forgot it and went as usual. (去学校了)

第四, need&dare。这两个词既可用作情态动词, 也可用作实义动词, 一般来说, 情态动词多用于否定和疑问句;实义动词用于各种句式, 后跟动词不定式, I dare say是固定短语, 意为“我认为、我相信”, 如:

——Need I finish my report by six o’clock today? (情态动词)

——Yes, you mustyou have to.

——No, you needn’tyou don’t have to.

As a Chinese high school student, I need to work at least 10 hours a day. (实义动词)

My car needs repairingto be repaired thoroughly. (实义动词, 后跟动名词主动表被动)

Tom daren’t go out alone when it is dark at night. (情态动词)

Dare you go home to face your parents when you haven’t done well in the exams? (情态动词)

I don’t dare to feel the snake even if it is dead. (实义动词)

第五, can’t have done&couldn’t have donecould have done。can’t have done和couldn’t have done均可表示must的否定推测, 强调从现在角度出发推测过去某事“不可能”;但当主句的谓语动词是过去式时, 就必须用couldn’t have done;could have done表示“过去有能力或有可能做某事但没有做”, 有惋惜、遗憾、批评、责备等意思, 如:

His jacket is still here, so he can’t (couldn’t) have gone home. (must的否定式)

My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he couldn’t have attended your lecture. (过去不可能)

You could have walked here instead of taking a taxi;it is so near.

第六, would like to do&would like to have done。would like to do表示现在或将来“想做某事”, 而would like to have done表示过去“想做某事但没做成”, 如:

I would like to go to the concert tonight, but my parents don’t allow me to.

I would like to have gone to the concert last night but I had to review lessons for the exams.

参考文献

[1]张道真.实用英语语法[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2002

3.情态动词need用法小结 篇三

（本条可参照ANY的用法。）NEED可用于：

1.否定句/含有否定意义的句子 1)否定句

含not/hardly/never/nobody等词语。I needn’t say anything.He need hardly advise me.You never need tell me this or that.Nobody need help me.I don’t think he need come.（否定转移）

注：NEEDN’T的意思其实有三种，即不必要/不一定/不应该，视具体语境而定。2)含有否定意义的句子

含only/but/all/before/than等词语。He need only wait here.You need but consider the matter to understand its importance.That’s all that need be said.Do not stay longer than you need.There was another hour before I need go out into the cold.2.疑问句/表示疑问的从句 1)疑问句（包括否定疑问句）Need he say it again? 2)表示疑问的从句

I wonder whether/if I need see her.3.条件句

含if/unless等词。

If he need come, he will.本条要点简单概括起来就是，NEED不能用于肯定句。以下的各种用法也遵循这条规则。

二、NEED与时态 1.现在时

NEED常用于现在时。You needn’t stay.2.将来时

You needn’t have your blood pressure taken tomorrow.3.过去时

NEED的过去式仍然是NEED。1)过去时间由一过去时间状语表示 He need not come yesterday.2)过去时间由另一过去时动词表示。All he need do was to inquire.It was clear that he need never trouble to get up at seven again.I told him he needn’t be in a terrible fix.注：表示过去的NEED常用于间接引语中。（本条可参照must的用法）

三、NEED与虚拟语气 1)NEED用于虚拟条件句

（本条可参照虚拟条件句的构成及用法。）If money were useless, we need not struggle for it.If you had been careful enough, you need not have suffered.注：本条用法较为少见。

2)NEED单独使用：NEEDN’T HAVE DONE（本条可参照SHOULDN’T HAVE DONE的用法。）You need not have worried.注：NEED HAVE DONE的形式较为少见

Need you have scolded him so severely for his bad work? He had done his best.（否定意味）

He need have gone and sent that letter in person.（实际上没有做）

四、NEED与推测

NEEDN’T表示“不一定”。（本条可参照must/can的用法。）1)NEEDN’T+BE

It needn’t be hot in Florida now.对比：

It can’t be hot in Florida now.（一定不）It must be hot in Florida now.（一定）2)NEEDN’T+HAVE DONE

He need not have seen much of the world, though he is an old man.对比：

He can’t have seen much of the world, for he is just a little boy.He must have seen much of the world, for he has been traveling so widely.五、NEED与问句 1)反意疑问句的构成 You needn’t go, need you? 2)答句的构成---Need he go?---Yes, he must/has to/needs to.---No, he needn’t.（本条可参照must的用法）

六、情态动词NEED与实义动词NEED 1)使用范围

作为实义动词的NEED有人称、数和时态的变化，使用范围更为广泛，不受句子类型和时态的限制。在肯定句、过去时和将来时的句子中，一般使用作为实义动词的NEED。

He needs to see a doctor straightaway.（此处needs to不能换做need，因为本句是肯定句）

Will he need to start earlier? 注：

NEED TO BE DONE与NEED DOING可以互换，后者更为常用（这里的NEED均为实义动词）。2)含义差别

4.动词的分类和情态动词用法教案 篇四

4.must的用法

must表示“必须”：

You must tell us the truth.

你必须给我们讲真话。

must表示推测，即“肯定、准是”，限用于肯定句：

This bag must be your sister’s.

这袋子肯定是你妹妹的

They must have done it many times.

他们肯定做过许多次了。

must表示“偏偏”

We must meet with a traffic jam when we needed to hurry up.

当我们需要赶时间的时候，偏偏遇上堵车。

Just as every family turns on their lights, the power must be cut off.

正当家人开灯时，偏偏断电了。

5.need的用法

need表示“需要”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。

Need I tell you the secret?

需要我告诉你这个秘密?

She needn’t pretend to be rich.

她不需要装阔。

You needn’t advance the date.

你们不需要把日期提前。

注意：

need也常用作实义动词。例如：

Does he need to tell lies?

他需要撒谎吗?

6.ought to的用法

ought to表示“应该”，语气比should稍重一些：

You are a grown-up now, you ought to know how to take care of yourself.

你已是大人了，应该知道如何照料自己了。

They ought not to cheat kids.

他们不应该欺骗小孩子。

ought to表示很可能的事：

They ought to be finished now.

他们应该完成了。

She ought to pass the test this time.

她这次应该能通过测试了。

7.had better的用法

had better表示“最好”，它作为情态动词没有人称或者数的变化，否定式是在better后面加not,不是在had后面加not。往往缩写成’d better，表示建议、劝告。

You had better give up smoking.

你是好戒烟。

She’d better not be proud.

5.will是情态动词还是助动词 篇五

modal谈及将来;(表示愿意)愿，要，会，定要;烦劳别人做事时用

v.想要;希望;愿意;喜欢

v.立定志向;决心;决意;想要(某事发生);立遗嘱将(财产等)赠与(某人);立遗嘱赠与

n.意志;毅力;自制力;意愿;心愿;遗嘱

第三人称单数：wills

复数：wills

现在分词：willing

过去式：would

过去分词：willed

情态动词和助动词

用作助动词

will用作助动词，表示将来，用于构成将来时态。

用作情态动词

1.表示意愿，其意为“愿意”“想要”。

2.表示请求，意为“请……”“……好不好”。

3.表示可能性，意为“可能”“该是”“很可能”。

4.表示命令，意为“要”“得”。

5.表示习惯或倾向性，意为“总是”“惯于”。

will双语例句

We have no idea how she will do that.

我们不知道她将怎样做那件事。

Either you or your father will go with her.

或者你或者你爸爸将与她一起去。

And,if yes,when will it be and what will it look like?

6.情态动词(网友来稿) 篇六

情态动词本身有词义,但词义不完整,不能单独作谓语,需要在其后接动词原形构成复合谓语,情态动词没有人称和数的变化。

情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。情态动词主要表示能力、允许、必须、批评和推测。一个情态动词可能有多种用法。说话人的某一种态度可能用多个情态动词表示。几个情态动词表示说话人的态度,有时意义相同,有时却有区别,互相不能替代。本讲主要通过情态动词的用法比较掌握其区别。现分七个问题讲解。

一.表能力：(ability)

1. can 只表能力,be able to 表最终产生的能力

She can speak EngLish .

By the time she finishes her courses,shell be able to speak EngLish well .

2. can没有将来时和完成时,要用be able to 代替

She will be able to see you tomorrow .

I have not been able to go to work for three days .

3. could不能表过去实际发生的行为,只表示过去一般 的能力

was (were,had been)able to 则能。意思是 succeed in doing或manage to do

Could not =was not able to

When I was five ,I could already swim .

He could swim,but he didn t jump into the water to save the boy .(没有发生行为）

He couldnt(=wasnt able to )go to London yesterday .（否定式相同）

Some of us can use the computer now but we couldn￠t three years ago .

Einstein was able to leave Germany before the war began .

Although the driver was badly hurt ,he was able to explain what had happened .

(实际发生了行为）

二.表允许：(permission)

1. may ,can (might ,could)

You may (can)go now .=I permit you to go .

Can I have a word with you ?

Could you lend me your camera ?

2. 否定式

may not = must not =can not

注意重音：He may not go tomorrow .(表允许）

=I do not permit him to go tomorrow .

He may not go tomorrow .（表推测）

=It is possible that he will not go tomorrow .

You cannot (mustn t,may not )play football in the park on Sundays ,though you may do

so on weekdays .

You mustnt smoke here.

=You cannot smoke here.

=You may not smoke here.

=You are not allowed tosmoke here.Y

=You d better not smoke here

三.表必须

1. must 表主观上的必须

have to + 原形=have got to + 动词原词形表客观上的必须

I must finish this before I go . (主观）

As we missed the last bus ,we had to walk home .（客观）

You have got to do it today .

2. must没有过去时和将来时,可用have to 表主观

I had to go yesterday .

I shall have to go to my hometown some day .

I have had to go three times already .

但间接引语或有间接引语味道的句子里可用must表过去。

Yesterday morning I told my mother that I must call on a frierd at once .

3. 表暂时必要用must,经常的需要用have to

I must go shopping this morning .

Do you have to go shopping every day ?

I don t have to go to school on Sundays .

4. mustn t 和may not， cannot表示禁止某人做事同义。

You mustn t walk on the grass .(may not )

Cars mustn t be parked in front of the house .(cannot)

5. 表示道义上的必要用ought to

I feel I ought to help you .

There ought not to be much noise in a hospital .

四.表批评：

1.表示对现在动作的批评

should (nt) + ( be )doing (肯定形式表否定意思,否定形式表肯定意思)

You should be reviewing your lessons ,why are you palying chess here ?

She should not be working .She is still very weak .

2. 表示对过去动作的批评

Should (nt) + have done (肯定形式表否定意思,否定形式表肯定意思)

I should have answered your letter soorer,but I have been too busy recently .

You should have taken her home .

You ought to have done the work yesterday .

The child ought not to have been allowed to go alone .

五.表推测 (possibility)

1.表对现在事实的推测：

①表示对现在状态的推测

There must be some tea in the pot ,

She must know several foreign langrages .

The teacher may be in the Lab .

Who might the man be ?

This ought to be your notebook .

The worker cannot be over sixty.(否定式用cant)

Can the news be true ?(疑问式)

How could you be so carless ?

注：①might 不表过去,只表婉转,可能性比 may 小。

② ought to表推测,与must相近,must表强调。

(2).表示对现在动作的推测

They must (may)be waiting for us now .lets hurry up .

It must (may) be snowing outside .

She must (may) still be thinking about the questions you raised .

He cant be watching TV now .He must be reviewing his lessons in the library .

What can they be argurning about ?

2. 对过去事实的推测：

①表示从过去对过去的事实的推测：

He was afraid it might rain that evening .

He could be very excited when he heard some good news .

John said the professor must be at least seventy .

②表示从现在对过去事实的推测：

They must have gone home .

She may (might) have gone to hospital .

She cant (couldnt )have done such a thing. (否定式用cant和couldnt均可)

Where can (could)he have gone ?

Can (could)she have forgatten my address?

3. 表示对将来事实的推测：

It must come sooner or later .

=It surely come sooner or later .

He may come or may not ,I don t know .

- Can he be back before May Day ?

- Im afraid he cant (be back before May Day)

情态动词 + 某些动词(go ,leave )的进行时,表对将来的推测

She may be leaving tomorrow .

I might (may)be going back is the fall .(秋季)

六. need与dare

(一).need和dare用于实义动词的特点是：

1.与其他实义动词一样,有词形变化

The leaves of this plant are yellow because it needs water .

Who dares to go ?

He needed help when he was at college .

She dared to be left alone at home when she was a little girl .

2.构成否定式和疑问式用助动词do

It doesnt need to be explained again .

Does he need to repair the machine at once ?

He did not dare to climb that mountain .

Don t you dare to touch me ?!

3.need接动名词作宾语表被动,接不定式表主动

dare接不定式作宾语,肯定式常接带to的不定式,否定式和疑问式带to与不带to均可。

The young trees need watering (to be watered).(如果接不定式则用被动式表示被动)

We need to discuss the matter carefully .

He dares to ask me that .

I dont dare (to) ask the question again .

Do they dare(to)come ?

(二).need 和dare用作情态动的特点是：

1.与其他情态动词一样,用于各人称、没有词形变化

第三人称单数一般现在时,不加“s”。

I dont believe you need go to shanghai .

Need we hand in the composition today ,teacher ?

No ,you neednt ./ Yes ,you must .(不说need)

The little girl said that she dare not go to town alone .

“If you dare speak to me like that again ,Ill give you a good beating(wipping)”

said the mother .

2. need和dare用于情态动词一般不用于肯定句。need只用于否定句和疑问句,dare只用

于否定句,疑问句和条件句

need的否定式 need not 或 neednt, dare的否定式 dare not 或 darent

不说：I need repair my watch today . 而说： I need to repair my watch today .

不说：She dared speak to a stranger . 而说：She dared to speak to a stranger .

He wanted to come to face me ,but he darent .

You neednt run so fast ,little one !

3. need 和dare用于情态动词,后接不带 to的不定式

He neednt be answered for it . She dare not say what she has just seen .

4. need 和dare接不定式的完成式,可表示过去的时间。

You neednt have told them the secret .

The students darent have asked the teacher when they met .

(三)．need 和dare可用作名词

There is no need to start so early .

Mary tried to ride on a cow for a dare .

(四)．need 和dare构成固定短语

We must train more experts to meet the needs of the four modernizations .(满足)

We will give you aids if need be .(有必要的话)

We will take steps at once in case of need (必要时)

We have got a great quantity of daily needs( 日用品) in recent years .

How dare you (he )…?“竟敢”“胆大妄为”

How dare you say I￠m unfair ?

How dare you steal apples from my garden!

I dare say, = I think it is likely , perhaps(我看…可能,大概…)

I dare say it will snow today .

I dare say your invention will greatly benifit the whole world .

I dare say sports and games can be of sreat value to people who work with their

brains most of the day .

I dare say you are thirsty after the game .

Itll rain tomorrow ,I dare say .

(五).didnt need to do 表示过去不必做的事,实际未发生动作。

neednt have done 表示做了不必要做的事,确实发生了。

I didnt need to get up early this morning .

So I stayed in bed until lunch time .

I neednt have got up early ,because I had no classes this morning .

You neednt have written such a long composition .

I didnt need to ring the bell ,because the door opened when I got to it .

You neednt have spent so much money ,now we havent got enough money to buy

the tickets.

She didnt need to read those thick books ,which saved him a lot of time .

You neednt have had your radio repaired ,you could have repaired it yourself .

七.“情态动词 + 不定式的完成式”表示一个过去的概念。

1. must have done (对过去情况的推测）

2. may (might)have done (同上)

3. cant (couldnt )have done (对过去情况推测的否定式)

4. could have done .(过去有能力做到的事,由于某种原因没做到)

5. might have done (过去有可能做到的事,由于某种原因没做到)

6. should(not) have done (对过去动作的批评)

7. ought to have done (同上)

8. needt have done (做了过去没有必要做的事)

9. darent have done ( 过去不敢做某事)

He must have arrived in shijiazhuang yesterday .

He may have missed the train .

He might have gone home .

I cant have taken it home .

You should have given him more help .

The wall shouldnt have been painted blue .

You ought to have handed in your composition yesterday .

You neednt have said that .

I darent have asked him when he was born .

Ⅱ高考试题及练习题

1. I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning .

she ____ at the meeting .

A.mustnt have spoken B.shouldnt have spoken

C.neednt have spoken D.couldnt have spoken

2. Where is my pen ? I ____ it .

A.might lose B.would have lost C.should have lost D.must have lost

3. I didnt hear the phone .I ____ asleep .

A.must be B.must have been B.should be D.should have been

4. ____they ____ their work so soon ?

A.Can …have completed B.Must…have completed

C.Should…have completed D.Need…have completed

5. -I saw Ann in the library yesterday .

-You _____ her ；she is still aboad .

A.must not see B.cant have seen C.mustnt have seen D.couldnt see

6. The train has gone .You two ____ on time .

A.should come B.must have come

C.ought to have come D.shouldn t have come

7. The little boys eyes are red .He ______.

A.must cry B.may cry C.must be cried D.must have cried

8. ____ she have lost the watch ?

A.Can B.May C.Need D.Must

9. You ____ your radio .Ive brought one .

A.mustnt have brought B.neednt have brought

C.mustnt bring D.neednt to bring

10. ----Did your sister break that window ?

---- ____ .

A.She must do it B.She may have done it

C.She may do it D.She can do it

11. ---- ____ she have lost her way?

---- She might have .

A.Must B.May C.Could D.Should

12. The ground was wet this morning . It ____ last might .

A.might have been rained B.must be raining

C.must have been rained D.must have rained

13. I parked my car right here but now it s gone . It _____ .

A.may be stolen B.must be stolen

C.must have been stolen D.must have stolen

14. ----We should have walked to the station ；it was so near .

--- -Yes .A taxi ___ at all nesessary .

A.wasnt B.hadnt been C.wouldnt be D.wont be

15. He ___ you more help ,even though he was very busy .

A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give

16. ----Look ,someone is coming, guess ____ .

----Jack．Hes always on time .

A.Who can it be B.Who it can be C.Who he can be D.Who can he be

17. There was plenty of time .She ______ .

A.mustnt have hurried B.neednt have hurried

C.must not hurry D.couldnt have hurry

18. The plant is dead .I ___ it more water .

A.will give B.would have given

B.must give D.should have given

19. You ought ___ to stay here .

A.to allow B.to be allowed C.be allowed D.allow

20. We ___ for her because she never came .

A.neednt wait B.shouldnt have waited

C.mustnt wait D.mustnt have waited

21. Jenny ____ have kept her word . I wonder why she changed her mind .

A.must B.should C.need D.would

22. We ___ last night ,but we went to the coucert instead .

A.must have studied B.might study

C.should have studied D.would study

23. Tom ought not to ___ me your secret ,but he meant no harm .

A.have told B.tell C.be telling D.having told

24. The cat ___ hibernate in winter .

A.does not need to B.needn t

C.doesnt have to D.A or B or C

25. Neither of them ___ the snake .

A.dares catch B.dares to catch

C.dare catch D.A or B or C

26. He ____ have come here yesterday ,but he didn￠t .

A. could B.should C.ought to D.A or B or C

27. ----May I borrow your bike ?

----No ,you ____ .

A.mustnt B.may not C.had better not D.A or B or C

28. He was a good swimmer ,so he ___ swim to the river bank when the boat sank .

A.could B.succeeded C.might D.was able to

29. I got up early that morning ,but I ___ so because I had no work to do .

A.mustnt have done B.didnt need to do

C.neednt have done D.cant have done

30. I ___ up early this morning ,so I stayed in bed until 9 oclock a.m .

A.neednt have got B.didnt need to get

C.shouldnt have got D.cant have got

31. What ___ I do for you ,madam ?

A.shall B.can C.may D.will

32. He ___ see a doctor before it is too late .

A.must B.must have to C.need D.need have to

33. -Could I borrow your dictionary ?

-Yes ,of course you ____ .

A.might B.could C.should D.can

34.---- ____ I stop here sir ?

---- ____ No .Go on to the next paragraph ,please .

A.Will B.May C.Would D.Ought

35. I wasn￠t sure whether I ___ offer to help or not .

A.should B.might C.would D.can

36. ---- ____ we finish all the exersises in class ?

---- Yes ,you ____ .

A.Shall；will B.Need；can C.Can；might D.Must；must

37. ----May I put my bike here ?

---- No ,you ____

A.neednt B.cant C.wouldnt D.arent able

38. I ___ go if I had the chance .

A.can B.may C.will D.would

39. You ___ walk for miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone .

A must B.need C.may D.have to

40. Our teachers are at work .You ____ make so much noise .

A.won t B.mustn t C.would not D.needn t

41. Im afraid it ___ rain tonight .

A.can B.could C.may be D.might

42. Dont be worried .The news ____ be true .

A.should not B.mustnt C.neednt D.cant

43. You ___ do what you like this morning .

A.could B.can C.are able to D.can be able .

44. ---- Need I start from the beginning ?

---- Yes ,you _____ .

A.need B.do C.can D.must

45. I wouder how he _____ that to the teacher .

A.dare to say B.dare say C.not dare say D.dare say

46. Some warm-blooded animals _____ biberate.

A.need not B.does not need to

C.needn t to D.do not need

47. Somebody _____ here only this morning .

A.must be B.must have been

C.can be D.should have been

48. I ___ them ,but I wasn t able to

A.ought to have helped B.must have helped

C.might help D.needn t have helped

49. You are wet through .You ___ in the rain .

A.must come B.must have caught

C.may catch D.must have got caught

50. He worked hard ,and ____ pass his examinations .

A.could B.is able to C.can D.was able to

Ⅲ 练习答案

1-5 DDBAB 6-10 CDABB 11-15 CDCAA 16-20 BBDBB 21-25 BCADD

26-30 DDDCB 31-35 BADBB 36-40 DBDCB 41-45 DDBDD 46-50 ABADD

Ⅳ 练习题分析

1. couldnt have spoken是对过去情况推测的否定式,可改成cant have spoken , 其他三项

均不能表示推测。

2. must have lost it 是对过去情况推测的肯定式。must可换成may 或might,但可能性

小。must可能性最大。

3. must have been表示对过去情况的推测。 must可换成may 或might .

4. can…have completed表示对过去情况推测的疑问式, can可换成could ,但不能用must,

may 和might构成推测的疑问句。

5. cant have seen 是对过去情况推测的否定式,cant能被couldnt替换。mustnt have

seen 不能表示对过去情况的否定式。

6. ought to have come 是对过去的批评,肯定形式,否定意思,说明你们俩没赶上火车是因

为来晚了。这里的ought to 与 should 同意,可互相替代。

7. must have cried 是对过去情况推测的肯定式。根据是the boy￠s eyes are red 。must

可以改成may 或might 。

8. can she have lost …?是对过去情况推测的疑问句。can 可改成could , 但不能用must ,

may 或might 。

9. neednt have brought 表示过去没有必要做的事,实际做了,但没有带来负作用。根据是

I have brought one 。

10. “She may have done it .”是对过去情况的肯定式,表示可能性较小。D项的 can只用于

疑问句或否定句。A和C项是对将来动作的推测。

11. “Could she have lost …”表示对过去情况推测的疑问句, could可被can所替换,但不能

用Must或May 。

12. must have rained …是对过去情况推测的肯定式。根据是The grourd was wet this

morning 。

13. “must have been stolen”是对过去情况推测的肯定式。根据是I parked my car right

here but now its gone 。

14. “A taxi wasnt at all necessary .”中的谓语动选了过去时。根据是We should have

walked to the station。“should + have + 过去分词”这一结构表示一个过去的概念。

15. “might have given”表示过去有可能做到的事由于某种情况没做成。本题的意思是“既

使他很忙,他还是可以给予你更多的帮助,但实际上并没有做到,这是肯定形式,否定意

思。”

16. 本题的意思是“看,有人来了。猜一猜是谁?”guess之后的who 从句是宾语从句,故用陈

述句的句式。it是从句的主语,是人称代词。it用于人表示搞不清姓别。C项的主语是he

,显然不合实际情况。

17. “neednt + have + 过去分词”这一结构表示做了过去没有必要做的事。根据是There is

plenty of time 。但这并没有坏影响。neednt不能改成mustnt 和couldnt , 因为它们没

有这种功能。

18. should have given 是对过去的批评。树死了是因为我浇水不多。本题意思是我该给

树多浇水,实际并没有多浇水。肯定形式,否定意思。

19. ought to 是情态动词,应接原形动词,但由于allow一词与逻辑主语You成被动关系,故用

be allowed.这称为含有情态动词的被动语态.

20. Shouldnt have waited 表示对过去动作的批评,是婉转的批评,留有余地的批评。否定

形式,肯定意思。

21. Should have kept her word 表示对过去动作的批评,是婉转的批评,有余地的批评。形

式上肯定,意思上否定。

22. Should have studied 表示对过去动作的批评,用法同21题。

23. Tom ought not to have told me…是对过去动作的批评,ought not等于Shouldnt,用法同

20题。

24. 选项A.does not need to hibernate中的need是实义动词,因为does not帮助它构成否定

式;B项neednt hibernate 中的neednt是情态动词,因为其本身构成否定式;C项doesnt

have to hibernate,意为“没有必要…”和A、B两相同意。故三项全正确。

25. 选项A.dares catch中的dares为实义动词,应接带to的不定式作宾语,但由于句首的

Neither构成这句话的否定句。实义动词,dare在否定句中,不定式宾语可以省to;选项

B。dares to catch 中的dares是实义动词,可接带to 的不定式宾语;选项C。dare catch

中的dare为情态动词,其后只能接原形动词,用于否定式,疑问式或条件句。故三项全正

确。

26. 选项A . could have come … 表示过去有能力做到的事,由于其中原因没做成；选项

B。should have come是对过去动作的批评,是婉转的批评,留有余地的批评,肯定形式,

否定意思;选项C。ought to 等should ,用法同选项B。故三项在语法和意思上全成立。

27. 选项A. mustnt和B. may not 表示禁止某人做某事同意。此外,还可以用cant和had

better not 等。

28. could 和 was able to 都表示过去有能力做某事。但could只表示泛指能力,不表示实施

了一个动作。was (were)able to 才表示过去既有能力,也实施了一个动作。本题表示

他的确游到岸边。

29. neednt have done 表示过去没有必要做的事,实际做了,但无负作用。本题的意思是那

天早晨没有必要早起,因为不上班,但实际早起了。

30. didnt need to do sth 是过去没有必要做的事,实际也没有做。

31. What can I do for you 中的can 表示能力,这是服务行业对顾客的礼貌用语。在不同地

方,翻译也不同。在商店,译成“你买什么货?”。在书店,就是“你买什么书?”。这句话不

能用“what do you want ?”代替。

32. 选项A. must表示“必须”,是主观上的“必须”。选项C. need ,用于肯定句,必须是实义动

词,宾语应是to see ,即带to 的不定式。need用于情态动词,只用于否定句或疑问句,不

能用于肯定句,故C项错。

33. 问句中的could 并非是过去式,而是表示委婉,客气的礼貌用语,但回答不能说yes ,you

could 。正确的答语有两种：Yes ,you can 或Yes ,you may。

34. May I stop here 中的May表示允许,还可以用can,但May较多用.但不能用其他各项。

35. might offer 是对将来的推测。must表示可能性最大,但也不是百分之百,may可能性小,

might可能性最小。这里用might的根据是I wasnt sure 和whether。其他各项均无此用

法。

35. might offer表示对将来动作的推测。情态动词must接原形动词,表示对将来的推测时

可能性最大,may表示可能性小,might最小。

36. must表“必须”用于疑问句时,其肯定回答是Yes ,you must,否定回答是No, you neednt;

need表“必要”用于疑问句,其肯定回答用Yes,you must,否定回答用 No,you neednt。

37. May表示允许用于疑问句时,其肯定回答是Yes,you may,否定回答有三种即No,you

may not;No,you mustnt;和No,you cant。还可以说No,you had better not。

38. 本句的would是情态动词用于虚拟语气,因为条件从句中用的是had,用过去时表示对现

在的虚拟。

39. may walk是情态动词接原形动词,表示对将来的推测,但是可能性比must较小,比might

较大些。must表示可能性较大,又与实际不相附。

40. mustnt make so much noise是不允许某人做某事,原因是Our teacher is at work。禁

止某人做某事还可用may not 和can not。不能用neednt。

41. might rain tonight是对将来的推测,表示可能较小用might,这是由Im afraid所决定的。

42. Cant be true表示对现在状况推测的否定式,其他三项均无此种用法。

43. can do what you like中的can不表能力,而表允许,和may的用法相同。

44. 由need构成的疑问句,其肯定回答是Yes,you must,否定回答是No,you needn t。

45. D为正确答案。dare一词既可以作情态动词,也可以作实义动词。作情态动词,后接原

形动词,作实义动词,后接带 to的不定式。dared say应发生在wonder之前,这就否定了A

和B项。全句的含义是“我不知道他怎么敢跟老师说那话。”

46. need一词既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词。作情态动词时,后接原形动词,没有人称

和数的变化。作实义动词时,后接带to的不定式作宾语。B项的数不对,C项多了to,D项

少to,故A为正确答案。

47. must have been here是对过去情况的推测,因为this morning为过去时间状语。

48. I ought to have helped them中的ought to 等于should,表示过去动作的批评。用ought

to表示道义上我应帮助他们,但由于某种原因没办成。

49. must have got canght中的got与been同义。be caught in the rain表示被雨淋,原因是

You are wet through。

50. could与was able to都能表示过去能力,但could只泛指有能力,不表示实际发生的行

7.英语语法情态动词解析 篇七

为什么要细分一下呢?因为它们是有区别的：

基本助动词有三个：be, have, do

情态动词有大约14个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should;must, need, dare, used to, ought to. had better

构成时态或语态的助动词，提前或否定时出现的动词。

换句话说就是：助动词是当形式需要它的时候才出现，不该它出现就哪儿凉快哪儿呆着。

比如由于时态或语态的要求，比如疑问句或否定句的要求等等，需要它的时候才出现，不需要的时候并没它们什么事。

它们的区别：

1、每个情态动词都有基本意义，基本助动词则没有，只具有语法作用。

2、情态动词后面接原形动词，也就是秃头不定式;助动词要看时态或语态等等情况变化。

3、情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而助动词则有。

4、只有现在和过去两种形式，但可以表示过去、现在和将来时间。

5、情态动词没有非谓语动词形式，而助动词有。

8.初中英语语法之情态动词 篇八

情态动词：

①常见的情态动词有：can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。

②can表示体力、脑力方面的能力或客观的可能性。口语中, 在询问或说明一件事可不可以做时,常用“can”代替“may”。情态动词“can”的过去式是“could”,否定式是“cannot”通常缩写成“can’t”,“could”的`否定式是“could not”,通常缩写成“couldn’t”。如：Can I help you?(要帮忙吗？)/ He can swim.(他会游泳)/ That can’t be Mr Li.(那不可能是李先生)

③ may表示允许、请求或可能性,用may提问时,肯定回答一般用Certainly或Yes,you may.;否定回答一般用can’t或mustn’t. 如：May I ask you a question?―Certainly.(可以问你一个问题吗？当然可以)/ You may go now.(现在你可以走了)/ It may be in your pocket.(它可能在你的衣袋里)

④ must表示“必须”、“一定”的意思。表示“必须”时否定形式是mustn’t；表示“一定”时,否定形式是“can’t” 如：We must be very careful when we cross the road.(我们过马路时一定要非常小心)/ It must be Jack.(那准是杰克)/ I haven’t seen Kate today. She can’t be here.(我今天没有看到过凯特,她不可能在这里)

[注意]用must(必须)进行提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t；用must(一定)进行提问时,肯定回答仍用must,但是否定回答用can’t.如：Must we clean the room before we leave? CYes,you must.或No,you needn’t.(我们走之前必须要打扫房间吗？是的,必须打扫。/ 不,不需要。) / Must she be in the romm? CYes,she must.或No,she can’t.(她一定在房间里吗？是的,一定。/ 不,不可能在。)

⑤ “have to”表示“不得不”、“必须”。We’ll have to leave now for it is very late at night.

9.考研英语语法详解：情态动词 篇九

一、情态动词的定义

情态动词本身没有动词意义，属于辅助动词，与实义动词和系动词搭配，共同构成谓语动词。情态动词的作用主要是用来表达意见、看法、态度和礼貌。情态动词主要有两种基本意义：非推测性意义和推测性意义。

非推测性意义是指“允许、义务、意义”等意义，这些意义含有人从某种价值角度对事件内在支配 的因素。推测性意义是指“可能、必须、预测”等意义，这些意义主要不含有人对事件支配的因素，但是却特别包含对事件可能或不可能发生做出的判断。情态动词 都有“推测”和“非推测”两种意义，如may就有“允许”(非推测)和“可能”(推测)两种含义;will也有“意义”(非推测)和“预测”(推测)两种 含义。Can/could， may/might表示“允许(permission)”(非推测)和“可能(possibility)、能力(ability)”(推测性)两种含义。 Must/don‘t have to ，need (非推测)，should/ought to 表示“义务(obligation)”(非推测性)和“必然(necessity)”(推测性)两种含义。will/would，shall(shall 很少见，一般不用)表示“意志(volition)”(非推测性)和“预测(prediction，future)”(推测性)两种含义。

二、情态动词的种类

表情求 表推测 表义务 表意图 表意愿 表意志 can/could √ √ may/might √ √ √ shall/should √ √ √ √ √ √ will/would √ √ must √ √ √ ought to √ √

三、注意事项

情态动词的用法不同于常规谓语动词、系动词和助动词。情态动词具有独立的使用原则和规律。

1.除了could，might，should，would有时(如在间接引语中)被看作是can，may，shall，will 的过去时外，情态动词本身没有时态的.变化。

2.单数第三人称不加-s.

3.除了will(‘ll)和could(’d)之外，都没有肯定的缩略形式。

4.没有不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词形式。情态动词后只能接动词原形。

5.情态动词总是位于实意动词和所有其他助动词之前，结构为“情态动词+动词原形”。

6.情态动词不能重复使用，一次只能使用一个，不会出现两个或两个以上情态动词的叠加。

7.除了ought to 外，都只能接无to的不定式，或have+V-ed.

8.不同于其他助动词，每个情态动词都有自己的基本意义。

10.动词的分类和情态动词用法教案 篇十

虚拟语气考点透析

考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如：

①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.

A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not

解析 句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。正确答案为C。

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。例如：

If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.

A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining

解析 句意为：如果天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情，所以用了虚拟语气。下了一天的雨是事实，所以用陈述语气。因为是发生在过去的事实，所以正确答案为A。

3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如：

If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to

解析 句意为：如果我能够计划做我想做的事情，我想去西藏并且尽可能多玩一些地方。句子描述的是与将来事实相反的事情，所以正确答案为B。

考点二、含蓄虚拟条件句

这样的虚拟句不含有if从句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句，主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。例如：

Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we ______ it without you.

A.can manage B.could have managed

C.could managed D.can have managed

解析 由语境可知这里要表达的意思是：如果没有你们辛勤的工作，我们不可能处理好这件事。很显然，这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟，所以要用could have done，故应选B。

考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句

在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。例如：

Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen

C.should fall D.were to fall

解析 句意为：如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为B。

考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气

在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。例如：

Dont you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?

I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.

A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;that

C.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what

解析 问句句意为：难道你不认为必须把他送到迈阿密而不是纽约吗?句子表示理应如此的意思。正确答案为B。

情态动词考点透析

考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查

情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如：

1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could

解析：考查情态动词的基本含义。had to：不得不; would：表示意愿或过去常常;could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力;was able to 表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此，答案是C。

分析：高考对情态动词基本含义的考查，仍然集中在常用的情态动词上。对常用情态动词的含义，要掌握的既准确又要全面，特别是shall, should, can, may 四个常用情态动词的含义较多，不易理解，复习时应当引起重视。

二、情态动词表示推测的考查

对情态动词表示推测的用法，是高考考查情态动词的一个重要方面。例如：

1. Sorry, Im late. I______have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again .

A. might B. should C. can D. will

解析：might have done : (过去)可能做过某事;shouldhave done :本应该做某事。根据本句提供的情境Im late 表明说话人可能把闹钟关上了。答案是：A。

分析：高考对表示推测的情态动词集中在must, can, could, may, might上，准确掌握它们使用的场合，是解决问题的关键。Must 用于肯定陈述句，表示肯定推测;can, could用于疑问或否定陈述句，表示可能性推测;may, might用于陈述句，表示可能性推测;用于否定陈述句中，cant (不可能)的语气比may not(可能不)强。此外，还要注意有对过去和对现在两种情况的推测,对过去推测用情态动词+have done ，对现在推测用情态动词+ 动词原形。

三、情态动词表示虚拟的考查

情态动词+have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。

1. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You______come, but why didnt you?

A. must have B. should

C. need have D. ought to have

解析：ought to have done 表示本来应该做某事而实际没做，should do 表示现在应该做某事，与题中 at yesterdays party 表示的时间不一致。所以选D。

分析：高考对情态动词表示虚拟用法，表示与过去事实相反的情况。近几年高考，主要侧重should (not)have done 这一句式上，表示本来不该做却做了或本来该做却未做的事，在复习时，还应关注其它几种虚拟形式，如need (not)have done 表示本来需要做而未做或本来不需要而做的事等等，以做到有备无患。

考点四、情态动词与助动词混合考查

1.Tom ,you didnt come to the party last night?

I______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do .

A. had to B. didnt C. was going to D. wouldnt

解析：had to:不得不;didnt:没来;was going to：打算来;wouldnt:不愿来。句意：汤姆，昨晚你没来参加舞会吗?我本打算来，但我突然记起有作业要做。But是关键词，所以答案是：C。

2.Your phone number again? I______quite catch it .

Its 86184867.

A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant

解析：记住电话号码并非难事，未完全听清楚电话号码并非能力的事，此处只是说没有完全听清楚电话号码，所以，应选A。

【精选试题】 名校模拟题及其答案

1. I still havent thanked Aunt Lucy for her present. Its time you _____.

A. do B. did C. had D. would

2. If I hadnt been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.

A. dont know B. hadnt known

C. wasnt knowing D. wouldnt know

3. Ive told everyone about it. Oh, Id rather you _____.

A. dont B. hadnt

C. couldnt D. wouldnt

4. It has been raining for a day, but eventhough it hadnt rained, we _____ there by tomorrow.

A. cant get B. wont get

C. hadnt got D. wouldnt get

5. Do you know his address? No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.

A. knew, live B. knew, lives

C. know, lives D. know, lived

6. Isnt it about time you _____ to do morning exercises? Yes, it is. Would you like to join us?

A. begin B. have begun

C. began D. had begun

7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen

C. should fall D. were to fall

8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.

A. had scored B. scored

C. would score D. would have scored

9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.

A. lies B. lay

C. had lain D. should lie

10. Without the air to hold some of the sunsheat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.

A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly

C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly

11. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing

12. It looks as if he were drunk. So it does. _____.

A. Hed better give up drinking

B. He shouldnt have drunk so much

C. Health is more important than drink

D. I wonder why he is always doing so

13. Mary looks hot and dry So _____ you if you had so high a fever.

A. do B. are C. will D. would

14. He will come tomorrow. But Id rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.

A. will come B. is coming

C. came D. had come

15. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.

A. should be; be operated on

B. were; must be operated on

C. was; should be operated

D. was; be operated on

16. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.

A. Was he given up B. Had he given up w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

C. Did he give D. If he gave up

17. I still havent thanked Aunt Lucy for her present. Its time you _____.

A. do B. did C. had D. would

18. Do you know his address? No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.

A. knew, live B. knew, lives w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

C. know, lives D. know, lived

19. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen

C. should fall D. were to fall

20. Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.

A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly

C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly

21.________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.

A. Would you be B. Should you be

C. Could you be D. Might you be

22.You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.

A. might B. need C. should D. would

23.Excuse me. But I want to use your computer to type a report.

You _____have my computer if you dont take care of it .

A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt

24. He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant

25. I ______ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.

A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt

26. There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.

A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt

27. I was on the highway when this car went past fol. Lowed by a police car. They ______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.

A. should have been doing B. must have been doing

C. could have done D. would have done

28. Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.

It ______ Harrys. He always wears green.

A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be

29. Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself.

A. neednt do B. neednt have done

C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done

30. Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.

She _______. Ive already borrowed one.

A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt

【答案与解析】

1.

【解析】选B.Its time you did 为 Its time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法，its time 后从句通常要用过去式。

2.

【解析】选A.虽然前有虚拟条件句, 后有使用了虚拟语气的宾语，但 I dont know 却宜用一般现在时，因为 I dont know 表述的是现在的真实情况，句意为我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知(指现在不知)我会做出什么蠢事来。

3.

【解析】选B.Id rather 后接从句时，从句谓语的时态规律是：用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示过去。

4.

【解析】选A.we cant get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气。

5.

【解析】选B.第一空填 knew，因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(即用过去式表示现在的想法);第二空要填lives，即用陈述语气，因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实，而不是 I wish 的内容。

6.

【解析】选C.Its time / Its high time / Its about time 等后接从句时，从句谓语通常用过去式。

7.

【解析】选 B.此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。

8.

【解析】8. 选 D.这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 D.

9.

【解析】选 C.if only意为要是就好了，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 C.

10.

【解析】选 A.without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。

【答案】C

11.

【解析】.根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didnt forget where I read the article(要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话但事实上忘了)。

【答案】B

12.

【解析】关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，他喝醉了不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D.

【答案】 D.

13.

【解析】 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气(这是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D.

【答案】D

14.

【解析】按照英语习惯，would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来， 用过去完成时表示过去。

【答案】C

15.

【解析】insist后的从句谓语有时用should+动词原形这样的虚拟语气，有时不用，具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来，若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气;若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意，可知只有选D最合适。

【答案】D

16.

【解析】是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是would not have got，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是 had given up，而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。另外，当虚拟条件句中有 had, should, were 等词时，通常可以省略 if，并将 had, should, were 提前置于句首。

【答案】B

17.

【解析】Its time you did 为 Its time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法，its time 后从句通常要用过去式。

【答案】B

18.

【解析】第一空填 knew，因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(即用过去式表示现在的想法);第二空要填lives，即用陈述语气，因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实，而不是 I wish 的内容。

【答案】B

19.

【解析】 此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。

【答案】B

20.

【解析】without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。

【答案】A

21.

【解析】句意：万一你被解雇，给你的医疗救助和其它方面的福利也不会被取消。

【答案】B

22.

【解析】句意：你想象不到这么一个表现良好的绅士竟然会对一个女士这么粗鲁。

【答案】C

23.

【解析】shall此处表示警告。

【答案】A

24.

【解析】B此处考查情态动词表示推测的用法。should have done表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，因此淘汰A项。would不用来表推测，因此淘汰C项。B基与D项虽然都可以表示推测，但B项表肯定意义而D项表示否定推测，意为不可能，根据句意：他肯定已完成了他的工作;不然，他就不会在海边玩得那么愉快了。可知此处需要肯定意义，因此淘汰D项。

25.

【解析】B本题考查情态动词的用法。must表示推测只能用于肯定句，否定句用can或could 代替。shouldnt have done 表示本来不该而实际上却做了某事.neednt have done表示本来不必而实际上却做了均不合题意。本句的意思是：当事故发生时我不可能超过6岁。

26.

【解析】C should(按道理)应该;句意：既然你在驾校时做了大量练习，那么通过这次考试理不应该有困难。

27.

【解析】B 第一句话使用了一般过去时，由此可知第二句话是对过去事情的猜测，需用must have done.本题意为我正在高速公路上行驶，这时一辆警车跟随着着这辆车从旁边经过。它们一定是以至少每小时150公里的速度行驶。故选B。A项表示本应该，C项表示本能够不合题意。

28.

【解析】D 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意是我错拿了别人的绿色 毛衣，那可能是Harry的，他总是穿绿色的毛衣。四个选项中could表示推测。mustnt 表示 禁止has to 表示不得不will 表推测时，表肯定语气太强。

29.

【解析】B根据句意可知Catherine对对方为她打扫了房间表示感谢并提到对方本来不必为她打扫房间。很显然对方打扫房间是过去所为，表达去不必做某事用neednt have done sth.

30.