高中英语语法总结大全之倒装

高中英语语法总结大全之倒装（精选5篇）

1.高中英语语法总结大全之倒装 篇一

考研英语语法之倒装结构

倒装是指句子成分不是按主语在前、谓语在后的正常语序排列，而是将谓语或谓语的一部分移到主语之前。倒装是一种修辞手段，目的是为了强调。倒装分为部分倒装和全部倒装，考试多为部分倒装。考生应掌握什么情况下需要倒装,并对倒装后的句子能够认出来，避免做题时候的盲目和迷茫。

一. 用全部倒装的情况

全部倒装一般是存在以下列副词开头的句子中，全部倒装的方法是把句子的.主谓语序颠倒过来，把谓语移到主语前面：

1)出于修辞需要，表示方向的副词：out, down, in ,up, away, on。如：

Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.

Up went the plane

2)出于习惯用法：here, there, now, thus, hence, then.如：

Now is your turn. There goes the bell.

Here is a ticket for you

There existed a certain doubt among the students as to the necessity of work

注意：here，there用于倒装结构时主语一般为名词，如果是人称代词则不需要倒装

“ where is the cup?” “Here it is!”

Here you are.

There he comes.

3)有时主语较长，为了使句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，主谓要全部倒装。这种情况多出现在主系表结构中。如：

Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.

In between these two extremes are those people who agree with the jury system as a whole, but feel that some changes need to be implemented to improve its effectiveness.

二. 采用部分倒装情况

部分倒装一般是把句子谓语的一部分(主要是助动词或系动词)放到句子主语前，构成部分倒装，而全部倒装则把句子的谓语(包括实义动词)都放在主语前

1.下列否定词及含有否定意义的词组修饰状语时，若置于句首，句子的主谓要部分倒装：

never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in vain, still less。如：

Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on.

Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.

(1985年考研题)

注：1)如果谓语动词是单个实义动词，倒装时需根据人称和时态加助动词do。如：

Little did we expect that he would fulfill his task so rapidly.

(1983年考研题)

2)考生要广义理解“句首”的概念，注意从句的句首和并列分句的句首均为句首。如：

Suddenly, Gallup’s name was on everyone’s lips; not only was he the prophet of the moment, but it was generally believed that he had founded a new and most important method of prediction.

2.以only修饰状语(副词，介词短语，状语从句)开头的句子，句子的主谓要部分倒装：

only then, only at that time, only once, only in this way, only with, only through, only by, only when, only after, only because。如：

Only when you have obtained sufficient data come to a sound conclusion.

[A]can you [B]would you [C]you will [D]you can

3.以下列副词或短语开头的句子，句子的主谓要部分倒装：

often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point, many a time。如：

So involved with their computers that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.

[A]became the children [B]become the children

[C]had the children become [D]do the children become

(考研题，答案为D)

4.比较从句的倒装：

as, than引导的比较从句中，如果主语是名词短语且较长，经常采用倒装结构(不倒装也可以)。注意：这种结构主语一般为名词，如果是代词则不倒装。如：

Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce.

Today’s electuic cars cannot go as fast as gasoline-driven vehicles because the battery does not offer the same amount of energy as does gasoline combustion.

Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body.

5.用于前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(物)的肯定句或否定句中的倒装

1) 肯定重复倒装用：so

They have got up, and so has jack

2) 否定重复倒装用：nor, neither, no more

If you don’t agree to our plan, neither will they

6.“not only..but also”结构时，如果not only 放在句首，则前半句but (also)句子后面不倒装

Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to being broke.

三. 特殊的倒装结构

特殊形式的倒装结构是指句子虽然是倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而往往是出于强调的需要，把强调部分移到句首，而其它部分顺序不需要改变，句子主谓不需要倒装。出现这样的情况有以下几种可能：

1.让步从句的倒装。

1)as引导让步状语从句，必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于句首。如：

Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job.

Brave as they are, they are afraid of fight

2).出现在句型be+主语+其他，come what may中。如：

While it’s true that we all need a career, preferably a profitable one, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge―be it scientific or artistic.

The business of each day selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.

[A] it being [B] be it [C] was it [D] it was (答案为B)

3) no matter how(who…);however引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于句首。如：

No matter how busy he is , he has to attend the meeting

However cold it is , he always goes swimming.

() ■

2.高考英语写作“必杀技”之倒装句 篇二

倒装（Inversion）是一种常见的英文语法手段，用以强调某一句子成分。英文句子的基本原则是：重要先置，即重要的信息会置于句子前面。所以，当我们想要强调句子中的某一部分时，我们就可以把这一部分放在句子的最前面，这样就有可能形成倒装。比如：The door opened and the teacher came in. 这句话的后半部分强调的是“老师”，重在说明是老师进来了，而不是其他人。如果这句话要强调“进来”而不是“出去”时，就可以把in放在后半句的开头，这句话就应该改为：The door opened and in came the teacher. 介词in提前后，后面的主语和谓语的顺序发生了变化，形成倒装。由此看来，所谓倒装就是把英语中的主谓结构变成谓主结构。简单地说，倒装句的原则就是“提前重要信息，颠倒主谓结构”。

倒装句分为两种：全部倒装（Complete Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion）。全部倒装就是把谓语动词全部放在主语之前（倒装信息+谓语+主语），而部分倒装就是只把谓语动词中的助动词放在主语之前（倒装信息+助动词+主语+谓语）。上一段的例句中，谓语动词came完全置于主语the teacher之前，是全部倒装。部分倒装是考试的难点。例如：We can solve the problem only in this way. 如果想要强调该句中的only in this way，需要先把它放在句子的开头，把谓语部分can solve的一半（即助动词can）提前，所以这句话变成倒装句为：Only in this way can we solve the problem. 仔细观察这句话我们就会发现，only in this way之后的can we solve the problem其实就是我们大家都学过的一般疑问句。因此，部分倒装可以简单地记为：倒装信息+一般疑问句。

如何写出倒装句

要学会在写作中应用倒装句，需要先知道全部倒装和部分倒装的倒装信号词（即若该词在句首，则需要形成倒装）的区别。全部倒装位于句首的常见信号词是：①表示方位的副词，如there、here、out、in、up、down、away等；②表示地点的介词词组，如before the school gate、under the chair、in this chapter、from the valley。但需要注意的是，主语是代词时不倒装。如the teacher came in可以写成in came the teacher，但he came in就不能写成in came he。由于在写作中，我们使用的句子主语以人称代词（I/we/they）居多，因此全部倒装在高中英语写作中并不常见。例如，在2010年北京卷开放作文中，描述图片内容时可以用到全部倒装：In the picture， between two closely-located buildings grows a big tree. （图片中，两栋紧挨着的楼房之间长着一棵大树。）这个句子就是把表示地点的介词词组between two closely-located buildings前置，从而形成了全部倒装。

与之相比，部分倒装在写作中应用得比较多。写作中常用的部分倒装信号词是：① only +介词短语、副词或状语从句；②否定词（not、never、hardly、scarcely、seldom、rarely等）。现在我们结合真题看一下如何写这两种部分倒装句。需要注意的是，要倒装的是句子的主句部分，从句部分是不倒装的。

在写作中，我们经常会使用状语从句（if/when/after/before ...），这就为我们使用部分倒装提供了基本条件。比如，我们经常会碰到以“环境保护”为主题的作文，结尾处我们会写道：If everybody can make a contribution to protecting our environment， our Earth will become cleaner and clearer. （如果每一个人都能够为保护环境做出贡献，我们的地球将会变得更加干净和整洁。）此时，我们就可以在if条件句之前添加only，并将主句部分改为部分倒装，整个句子变为：Only if everybody can make a contribution to protecting our environment will our Earth become cleaner and clearer. 再如，2013年高考英语江苏卷书面表达“Actions Speak Louder than Words”中，我们可以这样写：Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.

在此推荐两种以否定词开头的部分倒装提示词：① hardly ... when .../no sooner ... than ...，表示“一……就……”；② not only ... but also ...，表示“不但……而且……”。

先来看第一种。2012年北京卷情景作文中，我们可以将其中一幅图描述为：我刚到达目的地，就看到一对外国友人焦急地在地图上寻找着什么。对于这句话，同学们首先想到的英文句子为：When I arrived at my destination， I saw a couple of foreigners searching anxiously for some place on a map.

第一步：在句子中加上“no sooner ... than ...” （“hardly ... when ...”的用法与其相同）。

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I had no sooner arrived at my destination than I saw a couple of foreigners searching anxiously for some place on a map.

第二步：把no sooner提前至句首，将主句部分倒装。

No sooner had I arrived at my destination than I saw a couple of foreigners searching anxiously for some place on a map.

再来看第二种。“not only ... but also ...”表示并列，可以用来替换句子中表并列的and。例如，2013年江西卷的书面表达中要求考生写一篇新闻报道，报道学校组织的登山活动，结尾我们可以总结说“这次活动不仅让我们亲近了大自然，还增进了同学们之间的友谊”。这句话可以用and连接两个并列成分，写成：This activity brought us close to nature and promoted the friendship among us.

第一步：在句子中加上“not only ... but also ...”。

This activity not only brought us close to nature， but also promoted the friendship among us.

第二步：将not only提到句首，把句子改为倒装句。

Not only did this activity bring us close to nature， but it also promoted the friendship among us.

需要注意的是，前一句中主语this activity在句首，是两个谓语动词brought和promoted的共同主语，可以被两个谓语动词共享，而后一句中由于not only和助动词did提前到主语之前，两个谓语动词不能共享主语，因此需要再添加主语it，指代this activity。

相信同学们现在对于倒装结构在写作中的运用已经有了一些初步的认识，希望大家在今后的写作中能够熟练地运用倒装的技巧，为自己的写作增添亮点。

3.考研英语倒装语法复习 篇三

so...that结构中，“so+状语”位于句首表强调时，使用部分倒装。

例句1： So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games. (2001年第6题)

分析：这是一个倒装结构，强调so 引导的从句，所以助动词前移：So involved with their computers do the children become，原句是：The children become so involved with their computers that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.

翻译：这些孩子如此沉迷于电脑以至于在暑期电脑集训营中领导们不得不强迫孩子们休息下做做体育运动玩玩游戏。

(二) 下列几类副词或介词短语作状语置于句首表强调，全部倒装。

频度副词：often, always, now and then等;

方式副词： well, with every justification, with good reason等;

表程度的副词或介词短语：especially, to such an extent, to such extremes.

例句2：Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression. (2014年英语一翻译49)

分析： 本句为完全倒装，主句的主干是his view of freedom was especially significant。

his view of freedom后为which引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰freedom，关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。of the individual修饰the rights and responsibilities，冒号后进行解释说明。

翻译：尤为重要的是贝多芬对于自由的看法，他认为，这种自由是与个人的权利和责任联系起来的：他倡导思想自由和个人言论自由。

(三) as, though, no matter how, however引导的让步状语从句

as, though引导的倒装句型为：名词(前不加a或an)/形容词/副词+as+主语+谓语，该结构可用(al)though引导的让步状语从句来替换，译为“虽然”或“尽管”。

例句3： Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. (1998年翻译第75题)

分析： 该句是复合句，odd though it sounds是一倒装句，其中it指代cosmic inflation，介词短语in elementary particle physics修饰ideas，that it is true在句中作convinced的宾语，另一介词短语for the better part of a decade作状语表示时间。

翻译：宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七、八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。

(四) 其他部分倒装情况表示前面陈述的情况适合于后者，前面是肯定句，后面用so引导;前面是否定句，后面用neither或nor引导，省略倒装句中的助动词在时态和语态形式上与前面句子保持一致。

例句4： Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. (2005年阅读Text 4)

分析： 该句是由nor引导的并列句。whether in speech or in writing的完整形式是whether they are in speech or in writing，表示让步;介词短语with skill and gift在句中作状语修饰动词command。

4.英语语法中习惯性倒装知识讲解 篇四

自然语序是英语句子的总语序，是一切句子结构变化的根本基础。

将主语后的任何一个句子成分(或者一个句子成分的一部分)移到主语前面就是倒装句。

Did you try it?

你试过吗?(部分谓语倒装)

Who have you asked?

你问过谁了?(宾语和部分谓语倒装)

Away dashed the motorbike.

状语 谓语 主语

摩托车一冲就走了。(全部倒装)

绝大多数陈述句和祈使句都是自然语序。只有少数陈述句、个别祈使句、大多数疑问句和感叹句、个别虚拟句是倒装语序。

1.习惯性倒装

英语句子成分的倒装有两类：习惯性倒装和修辞性倒装。

习惯性倒装指英语中一些惯常使用的模式化的倒装。例如：

2.1一般疑问句的倒装——把第一个助动词或者情态动词移到主语前

Is she a Spanish girl?

她是一个西班牙女孩?

Could you call me back later?

你能过会儿打回来吗?

2.2特殊疑问句的倒装——在一般疑问句的倒装结构前加疑问词，这些疑问词大多数也是倒装成分

Where are you?

你在哪里?

Which do you like better?

你在哪里?

2.3感叹句的倒装——What,How引导的部分是倒装部分

What a huge lobster it is!

好大的龙虾啊!

How tall you’ve grown.

你长得好高啊!

2.4存在句therebe中主谓语必须倒装

There are some chips in the bowl.

碗里有些土豆片。

There was a cop at the corner.

拐角处有个警察。

2.5放在直接引语后面的主句往往倒装

“You may leave now.”said the boss.

“你们现在可以离开了。”老板说道。

“Look what I’ve found!”cried Little Huang.

“看我找到什么啦!”小黄大叫道。

但是：“You are great!”he said.

“你很棒!”他说。(由于主语是一个很短的代词，所以不宜倒装。)

“I’m always ready.”she would say.

“我随时都准备好的。”她就会说。

(谓语有两个动词时不能倒装，因为那样会头重脚轻。)

2.6在虚拟条件句中，当if在were, should和had这些助动词前被省略时，习惯上要倒装

Were I a swan, I could fly over the world.

要是我是一只天鹅，我就能飞遍世界。

=If I were a swan,…

Should she disagree, I would go without her.

要是她不同意,我会自己去。

Had he given up midway, he would regret it now.

如果他半途放弃了的话，现在他就会后悔了。

2.7当so,neither, nor位于句首时，主谓要倒装

A:She is a singer.甲：她一个歌手。

B：Soam I. 乙：我也是。

C：Henry doesn’t smoke. 丙：享利不抽烟。

D：Neither do I. 丁：我也是(不抽烟)。

注意：so, neither, nor后面的助动词必须与上一句的谓语第一个动词相一致。

2.8由as引导的让步状语从句中，常把表语、状语、谓语的实义动词移到as前面

Strong as he is, he is afraid of pain.

尽管他很强壮，但他怕痛。

Doctor as she is, she can’t cure her own disease.

尽管她是医生，她不能治好自己的病。(注意Doctor前面不用冠词a)

Slowly as the tortoise walks, it can beat the rabbit.

尽管乌龟走得慢，但它能打败兔子。

Talk as the students do, they can’t talk much.

尽管学生们也说，但说不了多少。

2.9由Here,There引导的表示动作的句子要倒装

Here comes Jack.

杰克来了。

There goes the bell.

5.高中英语语法总结大全之倒装 篇五

虚拟语气

虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。

一、 虚拟语气在单句中的用法

常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如：

Long live the Peoples Republic of China!中华人民共和国万岁！

be happy! 快乐！

have a good time! 玩得愉快！

succeed! 成功！

make progress! 进步！

二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法：

1． 在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法

1） 表示与现在事实相反

条件从句 主句

一般过去时（be多用于were） would/should/could/might＋动词原形

例如：If I were you,I should accept the invitation.

如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。

If I had time,I would go there.

如果我有空，我就去那儿。

2） 与过去事实相反

条件从句 主句

过去完成时 would/should/could/might＋have done

例如：If you had come earlier,you couldnt/wouldnt have missed the bus.

如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。

If he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.

如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。

3） 与将来事实可能相反

条件从句 主句

一般过去时（be多用were）

should do,were to do would/should/could/might＋动词原形

例如：If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow,the sports meet would be

put off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。）

If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass,it would break.

万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。

4） if的省略

如果条件句中有were,had,should 等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should

置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。

例如：Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off./Had he seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.

5)条件句或主句的省略

当有上下文或上下句中的语言环境暗示的时候，表示虚拟语气的从句或主句往往可以省略，以避免重复。

例如：--Why didnt you attend the party yesterday?

--I would/should have,but I was too busy then.

I was surprised that you didnt like this job.You could have done it better.（后面省略了if you had liked it.）

6)混合时间条件句与主句

条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后之差，应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的结构形式。

例如：If the teacher hadnt been ill yesterday,who could give us a lecture now?/If you had reviewed the lesson,you would answer the question now.

7)含蓄条件句与主句

即用without(＝but for),or(else)代替if从句。

例如：Without/But for his help,we wouldnt have made such great progress.

＝If his help,we wouldnt have made such great progress.

2.在as if/as though引导的状语从句中用法：

在as if/as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用倒退一个时间段的方式来表达虚拟语气。例如：

The man speaks as if he were a foreigner./The speaker told us a lot about that country as though he had been there many times./They talked as if they had been good friends for years.

注：as if/as though从句中不一定都要用虚拟语气。如果情况真实性、可能性很大，就要用正常时态来描绘。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.天看起来象要下雨。（下雨的可能性很大。）

3．在宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句中的用法：

1） 在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：

A．与过去事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“had done”形式。例如：I wish I had passed yesterdays exam.要是我昨天的考试及格了该多好。

B．与现在事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“did”形式。例如：He wishes he was as clever as you./I wish I had a large room to live in.

C．表示将来愿望：宾从谓语用“would/could do”形式。例如：How I wish I would go abroad next year!

2)在suggest,propose,demand,request,require,order,insist等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语为“(should) do”形式。例如：I suggest/propose/demand/request/require/order/

insist that he(should) be sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible.

3)在“It is (about/high) time＋that从句”结构中，that从句的谓语用一般过去

时或“should do”形式。例如：It is high time he 他该开始了。

4)在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法：在suggestion,proposal,request,requirement,

advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语用“(should) do”形式。例如：

My suggestion is that we (should) send a few comrades to help the other groups./He gave an order that the work be done at once.

虚拟语气考点分析

1．--Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?

--I _____,but I had an unexpected visitor. (NMET)

A.had B.would C.was going to D.did

析:此题A、D明显不合上下文，因为乙方没有去。B选项若为would have则成立，可以理解为I would have come if I hadnt had an unexpected visitor.的简略式。但此处是would,故应排除。只有was going to可得体地表达“我原本打算去的，但是有不速之客造访”这一意思。

2．If there were no subjunctive,English ______ much easier. (NMET)

A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be

析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。

3．The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ______ the rules. (NMET)

A.obeys B.obey C.will obey D.would obey

析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should) do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。

4．I wish I _____ you yesterday.

A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see

析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。

5．-- If he _____ ,he _____ that food.

-- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (NMET)

A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken

C.wuld be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken

析：从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B。

6.Without electricity human life _____ quite different today. (NMET)

A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be

析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。

7．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it look as if it _____. (NMET)

A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken

析；放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时as if从句谓语要用一般过去时，故答案为C。

8．You didnt let me drive.If we _____ in turn,you _____ so tired. (NMET)

A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get

C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got

析：观察题干，可知if从句表述与过去事实相反的假设，因此答案只能是D。

9．I didnt see your uncle at the party.If he _____ ,he would have said hello to

me.

A.would come B.had come C.came D.did come

析：观察题目上下文，特别是第二句的主句谓语为 would have said，可知if从句表述的是与过去事实相反的愿望，因此答案为B。

10．_____ it _____ for your help,I couldnt have made any progress.

A.Had;not been B.Should;not be C.Did;not be D.Not;be

析：根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用had done形式，故应选A，Had it not been for your help＝If it had not been for your help.（要不是你帮忙的话）

11．Mr Smith was badly ill,or he _____ our dinner party.

A.should come to B.would have attended

C.would come to D.should have attended

析：or可引导含蓄条件句，表达虚拟语气。根据此题内容，可知是与过去事实相反的假设，故答案为B。

倒装句型

英语的倒装有两大类型：

一、 全部倒装：指谓语全部置于主语之前的倒装，有下列几种情况：

1． here,there,away,in,out,down,up,off,back,now,then等在句首时引起全部倒装。

例如：

Here is a letter for you./There goes the last train./The door opened,and in came Mr Smith./Away went the boy./Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas./Back came the others./Out rushed the boy with an apple in his hand./Then came a noise like thunder./Now comes the bus.

2． 介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首，引起全部倒装。例如：

In the corner of the room stands a writing－table./South of the city lies a big factory./Under the bed lies a cat./In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish 5cm long.

注：以上两种完全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动词，如lie,live,sit,stand,be,come,go,rise,walk,run等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。例如：

Here it rains a lot every month of the year./Here we are!/Off you go!/Then she went to the shop.

3．在there be 结构中，采用全部倒装语序。例如：

There is a book in the bag.

表 系 主语

4．代词such作表语，意“这样的人”“这样的物”，应置于句首，其后全部倒装。例如：

Such were the facts./Such would be our home in the future.

二、 部分倒装：指部分谓语（如助动词、情态动词）位于主语之前的倒装。有下列一些情况：

1．一般疑问句，选择疑问句，反意问句要求部分倒装。例如：Has he finished his work?/Its

a lovely day,isnt it?

2．特殊疑问词不作主语或不作主语的定语的特殊疑问句要求部分倒装。例如：

When did you go there?/Which do you like best?

3．only修饰动词、介词短语、状语从句，并置于句首时，主句中要部分倒装。例如：

Only when the rain stopped did the match start again.

注：“only＋名词/代词”置于句首不要倒装。例如：

Only he can do it.(正) Only can he do it. (误)

4．含有否定意义的副词，如：not,never,neither,nor,seldom,hardly,little等置于句

首时，要求部分倒装。例如：

Hardly can I believe that./Never has he been to the Great Wall./Seldom does she

write to me.

5．not only…but(also)…连接两个分句，not only置于句首，它所引导的这部分要部

分倒装，但but(also)部分不要倒装。例如；

Not only should we study science,but also we should pay attention to politics.

注：若not only…but(also)…连接两个主语，句子不要倒装。

6．not until引起一个短语或引导一个从句置于句首时，主句中要求部分倒装。例如：

Not until he was ten did he go to school./Not until yesterday did I realize what trouble he was in.

7．hardly…when…;no sooner…than…句型中，若hardly,no sooner位于句首时，主句

中要求部分倒装。例如：

Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang./No sooner had he finished his talk than he was surrounded(包围)by the workers.

8．so表“也”、“同样”意，位于句首时，其后要部分倒装。例如：

You can swim,so can I./If you go,so will I.

倒装语序考点分析

1． Not only _____ polluted but _____ crowded. (上海高考)

A.was the city;were the streets B.the city was;the streets were

C.was the city;the streets were D.the city was;were the streets

析：not only部分要部分倒装，可排除B、D。but(also)部分不要倒装，故C为正确答案。

2． Little _____ about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.

(上海高考)

A．does he care B.did he care C.he care D.he cared

析：否定意义的Little在句首，该句要倒装，故答案在A、B之中选择一个，因A的时

态不对，故答案为B。

3．Only in this way _____ progess in your English. (NMET)

A.you make B.can you make C.you be able to make D.will you able to come

析：Only 修饰in this way置于句首，句子要部分倒装，故答案为B。

4．Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was.(NMET)

A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized

C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize

析：由于Not until在句首，主句要采用部分倒装，这样先可排除B、C，又由于D不

应该用didnt,故A为正确答案。

5．Be quick! _____

A.The bus comes here B.The bus here comes

C.Here the bus comes D.Here comes the bus

析：用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作出现在倒装句中，所以此题答案为D。（＝The bus is coming here.）

6．On the wall _____ two large portraits. (NMET)

A.hangs B.hang C.hanged D.hanging

析：由于介词短语on the wall位于句首，全句要采用完全倒装式，因为主语是复数，所以正确答案为B。

虚拟语气、倒装句型专练

1. Little _____ about what others think.

A.he has cared B.he cares C.cared he D.does he care

2._____ got into the room _____ the telephone rang. (NMET)

A.He hardly had;then B.Hardly had he;when

C.He had not;than D.Not had he;when

3.Only by practising a few hours every day _____ be able to master the language.

(上海高考)

A．you can B.can you C.you will D.will you

4.If I _____ him yesterday I _____ him about it.

A.saw;would ask B.had seen;would have asked

C.had seen;would ask D.saw;would have asked

5.What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the days?

A.is B.will be C.were D.would be

6._____ you succeed in everything and _____ you be healthy.

A.Hope;wish B.Wish;hope C.May;may D.Expect;hope

7.But for your help,I _____ the place.

A.cant find B.cant have found C.couldnt have found D.havent found

8.If her lawyer _____ here last Sunday,he _____ her from going.

A.had been;would have prevented B.had been;would prevent

C.were;would prevent D.were;would have prevented

9.If it had not been for the liberation,no changes _____ place in my hometown.

A.would have taken B.would have been taken C.will taken D.will be taken

10._____ late tommorrow,who would take her place?

A.Should Miss Green come B.If Miss Green would come

C.Miss Green should come D.If Miss Green comes

11._____ it _____,the crops _____ be saved.

A.Had;rained;could B.Should;rain;would

C.If;rains;should D.Would;rain;should

12.The actor is over fifty.But he acts as if he _____ a young man.

A.is B.will be C.should be D.were

13.It seems as if it ____ already summer now.

A.were B.be C.is D.had been

14.I wish I _____ him the day before yesterday.

A.saw B.could see C.had seen D.was seeing

15.I made the suggestion that they _____ the plan they had made.

A.stick to B.stuck to C.insist D.insisted on

16.It is suggested that a study plan _____ right now.

A.is made B.is to be made C.be made D.had been made

17.They required that we _____ them get in the crops.

A.help B.helped C.were helping D.would help

18.She should have attended the class,but she _____ .

A.hadnt B.hasnt C.didnt D.doesnt

19.It was ordered that no smoking _____ in the library,which made the smokers unhappy.

A.is forbidden B.would permit C.be allowed D.should not be allowed

20.Not once _____ his view of life.

A.did the gentleman mention B.the gentleman mentioned

C.mentioned the gentleman D.does the gentleman mention

21.In the sun _____ a group of young soldiers,gun in hand.

A.did stand B.had stood C.standing D.stood

22. --You forgot to hand in your homework yesterday.

--Good heavens! _____.Here you are.

A.So I did B.So did I C.I did,too D.So you have

23._____ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise.

A.Out did he rush B.Rushed he out C.Out rushed he D.Out he rushed

24.No sooner _____ finished the composition _____ the light went out.

A.I had;when B.I had;than C.had I;when D.had I;than

25.It was not until _____ to prepare his lessons.

A. did his father come in that the boy began

B. his father came in that the boy began

C. did his father come in did the boy begin

D. his father came in did the boy begin

26._____,so you are not a friend of mine.

A.I never saw you before B.Never before I have seen you

C.Never before have I seen you D.Never had I seen you before

27.--David has made great progress recently.

--_____,and _____. (上海高考)

A.So he has;so you have B.So he has;so have you

C.So has he;so have you D.So has he;so you have

28.Never _____ till tomorrow what may be done today.

A.put off B.do put off C.did you put off D.you will put off

29.--Have you written these letters?

--No,_____ time to do any other work yet.

A.hardly I have B.I have had hardly

C.I have hardly had D.I hardly have had

30._____ get such a pair of shoes for my son?

A.Where do you think can I B.Do you think where can I

C.Do you think where I can D.Where do you think I can

31.Then _____ that the enemy were gone.

A.the news came B.came the news C.did the news come D.did come the news

32.--What a beautiful bridge,_____?

--Yes,_____?

A.isnt it;isnt it B.is it;is it C.isnt it;it is D.is it;it isnt

33.Along the path _____,on which _____ “Keep off the Grass”.

A.stood some signs;were written B.stood some signs;wrote

C.some signs stood;were written D.some signs stood;wrote

34.He took a taxi so that he _____ there in time.

A.was able to be B.got C.could get D.should get

35.Id rather Tom _____ tomorrow.

A.come B.would come C.came D.will come

36.It is about time you ____ the medicine,sir.

A.will take B.should take C.must take D.are to take

37.If there _____ no electricity in the future,our life _____ change a lot.

A.will be;will B.is;will C.should be;would D.would be;would

38.Without the Communist Party there ____ New China.

A.hadnt been a B.is not a C.would be no D.was not a

39.There _____ a lot of deer in the forest.

A.have B.are C.is D.has

40.From space _____ like a huge water－covered globe(球体).

A.looks the earth B.does look the earth

C.the earth looks D.does the earth look

虚拟语气、倒装句型答案

1－5 D B D B C 6－10 C C A A A 11－15 B D A C A

16－20 C A C C A 21－25 D A D D B 26－30 C B A C D

31－35 B A A C C 36－40 B C C B C