《推敲》原文和翻译(word版)

《推敲》原文和翻译(word版)

1.《推敲》原文和翻译(word版) 篇一

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • a wolf in sheep’s clothing 披着羊皮的狼 to be on thin ice 如履薄冰

to sit on pins and needles 如坐针毡

An ass is known by his ears.见耳识驴。

It is a sad house where the hen crows louder than the cock.牝鸡司晨，家之不祥。

It’s ill to waken sleeping dogs./ Let sleeping dogs lie.勿惹睡狗。

A barking dog is better than a sleeping lion.吠犬不可怕，睡狮难提防。The great fish eat up the small.大鱼吃小鱼。

He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount.、骑虎难下。

•to drain a pond to catch all the fish •打草惊蛇

•to stir up the grass and alert the snake •易如反掌

•to be as easy as turning over one’s hand

对牛弹琴

•to play the lute to a cow•守口如瓶

•to keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle•雪中送炭

•to send charcoal in snowy weather •画蛇添足

•to draw a snake and add feet to it

声东击西

•to shout in the east and strike in the west •井底之蛙

•to be like a frog at the bottom of a well •调虎离山

•to lure the tiger from the mountain •口蜜腹剑

•to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted

以上的英语习语或谚语都含有动物意象，都有比喻意义，都有与之相对应的汉语习语或谚语。翻译这类英语习语时，套用相对应的汉语习语无疑是最佳译法。

• A good horse cannot be of a bad colour.• 好马无劣色。• • • • • • • • • • • • • •

to be as mild as a lamb 驯如羔羊

He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount.、骑虎难下。sour grapes酸葡萄

eye for eye and tooth for tooth 以眼还眼，以牙还牙 bull market 牛市

bear market 熊市

armed to the teeth 武装到牙齿

•同样，汉语也有一些习语，与英语的一些习语相对应。

翻译这类汉语习语时，应该套用英语中与之相对应的习语，以便产生形神兼备的对等翻译。见下面的例子：合抱之木，生于毫末。

•shed crocodile tears •掉鳄鱼眼泪 •tower of ivory•象牙之塔 •竭泽而渔

•Great oaks from little acorns grow.•人靠衣裳马靠鞍。

•It’s the saddle that makes the horse and the tailor, the

man.•一燕不成夏。

•One swallow does not make a summer.•洗手不干•wash one’s hands of •旧瓶装新酒

•new wine in old bottles

玩火者必自焚。

•人人为自己，老天为大家。•A small bird wants but a small nest.•燕雀无(安知)鸿鹄之志。

•Take not the musket(步枪)to kill a butterfly.•杀鸡焉用牛刀。

•When the cat’s away, the mice will play.•山中无老虎，猴子称霸(大)王。

•You can’t sell the cow and drink the milk.•鱼与熊掌不可兼得。•Beat the dog before the lion.•杀鸡给猴看。•Love me, love my dog.•爱屋及乌。

•Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion.•宁为鸡口，不为牛后。

•He killed the goose that laid the golden eggs.•杀鸡取卵。A baited(受欺负、受折磨的)cat may grow

as fierce as a lion.•He who plays with fire gets burned.•羽毛丰满

•to become full fledged •风驰电掣

•to pass swiftly like the wind or lightning

•套用习语译习语的方法属于直译法，能使译文做到形

神兼备。通过这样的对等直译，两种语言、两种文化的共性得以表现出来。

Practicebe armed to the teeth

•be as mild as a lamb •to play with fire

•as gay / cheerful as a lark(像云雀 •那样快活)

•the apple of one’s eye•掌上明珠•as timid as a hare •胆小如鼠•as strong as a horse •力大如牛

as poor as a church mouse

•狗急跳墙。

•Carrion crows(吃腐肉的乌鸦)bewail the dead sheep,and then eat them.•猫哭老鼠假慈悲。•空中楼阁•castle in the air • 晴天霹雳•a bolt from the blue • 半斤八两

•six of one and half a dozen of the other

•一贫如洗

•Man proposes, God disposes.•谋事在人，成事在天。(注意“天”和“上帝”的选词)•Everyone for himself, God for us all.•正中下怀

•after one’s own heart

•to talk through one’s hat •胡言乱语

•to leave no stone unturned •千方百计，不遗余力•to call a spade a spade •直言不讳； •to pull one’s leg

•愚弄某人，开某人的玩笑； •to eat one’s words

•被迫收回前言，承认自己说了错话； •to be full of beans •精力旺盛，精力充沛

•to be like square pegs in round holes •格格不入

a skeleton at the feast

•一箭双雕

•kill two birds with one stone•露出马脚

•show the cloven hoof•水中捞月•fish in the air•过河拆桥

•kick down the ladder•进退维谷

•between the devil and the deep sea

许多英语习语涉及独特的西方文化意象，染上了独特的西方文化色彩，只有采用意译法处理，才能为我国读者所理解。试观察以下英语习语及其译文:

•to draw one’s blood •伤人感情，惹人生气•to hang on sb.’s sleeve •依赖某人

•to hang on sb.’s lips •对某人言听计从 •to make a monkey of sb.•愚弄某人•to bend an ear to •倾听，聚精会神地听 •to bury one’s head in the sand •采取鸵鸟政策 •to have an axe to grind •别有用心

•扫兴的人或事物 •a fly in the ointment •美中不足 •with a grain of salt •半信半疑

•with one’s tongue in one’s cheek•说说而已，半心半意，非诚心诚意

同样，许多汉语成语涉及独特的汉文化特征，染上了独特的汉文化色彩，其比喻形象是英语读者所不可接受的。这样的汉语习语只能意译。比如：

•扬眉吐气

•to feel proud and elated •灯红酒绿

•to be dissipated and luxurious •开门见山

•to come straight to the point

单枪匹马

•to be single-handed in doing sth.•大张旗鼓

•on a large and spectacular scale •海阔天空•(to talk)at random •风雨飘摇

•(of a situation)being unstable •胸有成竹

•to have a well-thought-out plan before doing sth.汉语还有一些成语涉及典故，字面翻译无法为外国读者所接受；如果加上一长串解释性文字，就失去了成语精粹的特点。最好的办法是避开其文化背景，译出其真正含义:

四面楚歌

•to be besieged on all sides•毛遂自荐

•to volunteer one’s service•初出茅庐

•at the beginning of one’s career•倾城倾国

•to be exceedingly beautiful;•罄竹难书

•(of crimes)too numerous to mention

三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。

Translation: Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhugeliang, the master mind.People consider that what he had played on that occasion was no more than a Judas kiss.Translation：人们认为他在那种场合的表演不过是犹大之吻，居心险恶。

“It is true that enemy won the battle, but theirs is but a Pyrrhic victory.” said the General.Translation：将军说：“敌人确实赢得了战斗，但他们的胜利只是皮咯士的胜利，得不偿失。

The crafty enemy was ready to launch a new attack while holding out the olive branch.Translation : 狡猾的敌人，一边伸出橄榄枝，表示愿意讲和，一边准备发动新的进攻。临时抱佛脚。

Translation: To embrace Buddha‟s feet in one‟s hour of need---To seek help at the last moment.五十步笑百步。

Translation: One who retreats fifty paces mocks one who retreats a hundred---the pot calls the kettle black.In a long few hours, I arrived in a city that always makes me think of a whited sepulcher.Translation: 几小时以后，我来到了一个城市，这个城市总让我联想起一座粉饰的坟墓。

Whited sepulcher, from the Bible, means hypocrite.作为华夏子孙，我们为祖国感到自豪。

Translation: As the offspring of Huaxia, we are proud of our motherland.:„Huaxia‟, or the short form „Hua‟ was the ancient name of China.In ancient times people living in central China used to call their native land “Huaxia”, which is now used as a synonym for the Chinese nationality or China.Example 1：Let another‟s shipwreck be your seamark.Translation: 前车之覆，后车之鉴。

Example 2：Among the blind the one-eyed man is king.Translation: 山中无老虎，猴子称霸王。

Example 3: The best fish smell when they are three days old.Translation: 人无千日好，花无百日红。

Example 4：The wagon must go where the horse draws it.Translation: 胳膊拧不过大腿。

Example5：是狼改不了吃肉，是狗改变不了吃屎。Translation: You cannot make a crab walk straight.Example 6：两雄相争，其斗必烈。

Translation: When Greek meets Greek, then the tug of war.Example 7: 你不要脚踏两只船。

Translation :If you run after two hares, you‟ll catch neither.Example 8: 离开了咸菜缸又跳进了萝卜窑。

Translation: To jump out of the frying pan into the fire.Example 1: It was another one of those Catch-22 situations ,you‟re damned if you do and you‟re damned if

you don‟t.Translation: 这是一个无法摆脱的困境，做也倒霉，不做也倒霉。

The idiom has strong cultural meaning.If it is translated literally into “第22条军规”, Chinese readers cannot catch the meaning, so it is preferred to translate the idiom into “无法摆脱的”(it‟s not easy to get rid of.).Example 2: The study had a Spartan look.Translation: 这间书房有一种简朴的景象。

Example 3: The Middle East oilfield seems to be an apple of discord between the two superpowers.Translation: 中东油田成了两个超级大国的争端。

Example 4: He walked at the head of the funeral procession, and every now and then wiped away his crocodile tears.Translation: 他走在送葬队伍的前头，还不时用一条大手帕抹去他那假惺惺的眼泪。Example 5: 此地无银三百两。

Translation: A guilty person gives himself away by conspicuously protesting his innocence.Example 6: 十五个吊桶打水，七上八下 Translation: to be in a turmoil Like cures like.以毒攻毒

Diamond cut diamond.强中自有强中手 to call one namesin the same boat a stitch in time saves nine

• ①Fixed structure/ Conventionality:

(Some idioms are ungrammatical but acceptable)