定语从句关系复词课件

2024-08-29

定语从句关系复词课件（精选5篇）

1.定语从句关系复词课件篇一

一、关系代词的用法:引导定语从句的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that

1. who和whom

(1)who主格,代替人,即它的先行词必须是人,在从句中做主语.whom宾格,做宾语。

注:在从句中担任宾格的whom,当它的前面没有介词时,可用who来代替.当它的前面有介词时,必须用宾格whom.介词+whom

例如:What’s the name of the girl who often tells jokes?(做从句主语,只能用who)

Mr Li is a man who/whom I have the greatest respect for.(做宾语,可用who或whom)

Mr Li is a man for whom I have the greatest respect.(前有介词,只能用whom)

2. whose既是who又是which的所有格,它既可以代人,也可以代物,相当于:of whom或者of which.例如:

He is a scientist whose inventions have won international prize.

=The man is a scientist,the inventions of whom won international prize.

I looked at the picture whose colour was golden.

=I looked at the picture,the colour of which was golden.

3. which和that

which指物,不能指人;that指物,有时也可以指人

下列情况下,只能that用引导定语从句:

(1)先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词、all、no、any、few、little、last、only、one of、very等词修饰时:

例如:This is the best novel that I have read.(正)

This is the best novel which I have read.(误)

(2)先行词是all、everything、something、anything、nothing等不定代词时。

例如:Is there anything that you want to say?

(3)以who、which引出的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句时。

例如:Who is the girl that was praised by her teacher?

Which is the bike that he lost?

(4)先行词既有人又有物时。

例如:I don’t know the things and persons that they are talking about.

(5)有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,则另一个用that.

例如:Mr Zhang built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.

下列情况下,只能用which引导定语从句。

(1)在非限制定语从句中。例如:

The watch,which I bought last week,doesn’t work.

(2)当关系代词后面有插入语时。例如

Here is the English-English dictionary which,as I have told you,will help to improve your English.

(3)关系代词前有介词时。例如

This is the hotel in which you will stay.

(4)如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系词是that时.例如

Let me show you the magzine that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.

(5)先行词本身是that时,例如:

The predicate is that which is said of the subject.

注:在限制性定语从句中,which和that代替物时,可通用。如:

The plane that/which has just taken off is ten minutes later.

二、关系副词的用法引导定语从句的关系副词有:有where、when和why

1. 先行词是表地点的名词(如house、room、place),关系副词用where,例如:

This is the place where I grow up.

2. 先行词是表时间的名词(如time、week),关系副词用when,例如:

She came here on the day when I was not at home.

3. reason后面用why,why不能引导非限制性定语从句。例如

That’s the reason why she dislikes him.

4. 关系副词一般可以改为:介词+which,例如:

This is the house where=(in which)he lived ten years ago.

三、如何选择关系词

选择关系代词与关系副词的关键在从句中所充当的成分,如果关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时,只能用关系代词,如果关系词在从句中作状语(时间、地点、原因)则用关系副词。

2.正确选择定语从句关系词篇二

理清基本概念，判断从句类型

把定语从句与名词性从句、状语从句，甚至与强调句混淆，是同学们选错关系词的首要原因。要清楚判断从句类型，必须理清基本概念，把握定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句的性质和作用，了解强调句的基本句式。

定语从句是修饰名词或代词、起限定作用的从句，它相当于一个形容词。

名词性从句相当于一个名词，根据在整个句子中所担任成分的不同，可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

状语从句的作用类似副词，它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语乃至句子。根据表意和作用的不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较状语从句。

强调句句型固定：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分，被强调的部分通常是主语、宾语或状语。当句子被强调部分指“人”的时候，可以把that换成who。

来看下面4个句子，你能判断它们分别是什么句型吗？

① I made a promise to myself that this year， my first year in high school， would be different.

② It was the lecture， rather than the language， that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

③ It was the middle of night when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

④ We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.

①的句意为“我发誓，今年，我在高中的第一年，将变得很不一样”。that后面的内容对“我”所发的誓言作了补充说明，是a promise的同位语，所以这是名词性从句中的同位语从句。

②的句意为“是这个课程，而不是语言，让他很难适应国外的新环境”。去掉rather than the language这个插入语，很容易发现这是it开头的强调句。

③的句意为“半夜里，爸爸叫醒我去看足球赛”，when引导的是一个时间状语从句。

④的句意为“我们生活在可以前所未有地轻松获取大量信息的年代”，when引导的是一个定语从句，修饰an age。

划分句子成分，细心甄别答案

当我们确定了考查的是定语从句后，接下来就要判断选用关系代词还是关系副词。关系代词与关系副词表意不同，在从句中的作用也不同（见下表），我们应该以句子结构成分为突破口，细心甄别答案。

来看下面两道题：

Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.

A. which B. where

C. when D. what

An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area interact with one another.

A. that B. where

C. who D. what

乍一看，前一题很容易选用表示时间的关系副词when，后一题很容易选用表示地点的关系副词where。但是，我们不能被句子的表面现象所迷惑。

前一句句意为“我们将在一个月内达成年初制订的销售目标”。空格后面的从句主语是we，谓语是及物动词set，set后面缺少宾语，所以必须选择一个关系代词。再仔细查看主句，可以找出真正的先行词the sales targets，据此，我们不难判断应该选用指物的关系代词which。

后一句句意为“一个生态系统包含一个地区相互影响的生物和非生物”。空格后面的从句只有谓语interact with one another，明显缺少主语，因此这里必须选用一个关系代词。再看主句，先行词是the living and nonliving things，因而，可以选用既能指人又能指物的that。

依托语境逻辑，选对关系词

有时候，仅仅依靠语法规则，很难正确判断关系词，还要结合空格前后所提供的语境以及逻辑来选择。比如：

Ellen was a painter of birds and nature，， for some reason， had withdrawn from all human society.

A. which B. who

C. where D. whom

这是一个稍显复杂的非限制性定语从句——从句的关系词与其他部分被for some reason这个插入语分割开了。单从语法和句子结构来判断，很难确定此处应该用指人的关系代词who，还是用指物的which来指代birds and nature。

此时，我们必须结合从句提供的语境和句子的逻辑意义来判断。句意为“Ellen是个画鸟和自然的画家，出于某些原因，他远离人类社会”，忽略for some reason这个插入语，先行词是brids and nature吗？常识告诉我们，只有人才可能远离人类社会、不与人类社会交往（withdrawn from all human society），所以先行词不是birds and nature，而是a painter。由此，可以得出正确答案为B。

定语从句关系词的选用，几乎是每年高考英语卷单选题都会考查的。解题时，首先要分析判断从句的类型，也就是说，必须先确定所考查的从句是定语从句，再来选择正确的关系词。

理清基本概念，判断从句类型

定语从句是修饰名词或代词、起限定作用的从句，它相当于一个形容词。

名词性从句相当于一个名词，根据在整个句子中所担任成分的不同，可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

来看下面4个句子，你能判断它们分别是什么句型吗？

① I made a promise to myself that this year， my first year in high school， would be different.

② It was the lecture， rather than the language， that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

③ It was the middle of night when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

④ We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.

②的句意为“是这个课程，而不是语言，让他很难适应国外的新环境”。去掉rather than the language这个插入语，很容易发现这是it开头的强调句。

③的句意为“半夜里，爸爸叫醒我去看足球赛”，when引导的是一个时间状语从句。

④的句意为“我们生活在可以前所未有地轻松获取大量信息的年代”，when引导的是一个定语从句，修饰an age。

划分句子成分，细心甄别答案

来看下面两道题：

Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.

A. which B. where

C. when D. what

An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area interact with one another.

A. that B. where

C. who D. what

乍一看，前一题很容易选用表示时间的关系副词when，后一题很容易选用表示地点的关系副词where。但是，我们不能被句子的表面现象所迷惑。

依托语境逻辑，选对关系词

有时候，仅仅依靠语法规则，很难正确判断关系词，还要结合空格前后所提供的语境以及逻辑来选择。比如：

Ellen was a painter of birds and nature，， for some reason， had withdrawn from all human society.

A. which B. who

C. where D. whom

理清基本概念，判断从句类型

定语从句是修饰名词或代词、起限定作用的从句，它相当于一个形容词。

名词性从句相当于一个名词，根据在整个句子中所担任成分的不同，可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

来看下面4个句子，你能判断它们分别是什么句型吗？

① I made a promise to myself that this year， my first year in high school， would be different.

② It was the lecture， rather than the language， that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

③ It was the middle of night when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

④ We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.

②的句意为“是这个课程，而不是语言，让他很难适应国外的新环境”。去掉rather than the language这个插入语，很容易发现这是it开头的强调句。

③的句意为“半夜里，爸爸叫醒我去看足球赛”，when引导的是一个时间状语从句。

④的句意为“我们生活在可以前所未有地轻松获取大量信息的年代”，when引导的是一个定语从句，修饰an age。

划分句子成分，细心甄别答案

来看下面两道题：

Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.

A. which B. where

C. when D. what

An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area interact with one another.

A. that B. where

C. who D. what

乍一看，前一题很容易选用表示时间的关系副词when，后一题很容易选用表示地点的关系副词where。但是，我们不能被句子的表面现象所迷惑。

依托语境逻辑，选对关系词

有时候，仅仅依靠语法规则，很难正确判断关系词，还要结合空格前后所提供的语境以及逻辑来选择。比如：

Ellen was a painter of birds and nature，， for some reason， had withdrawn from all human society.

A. which B. who

C. where D. whom

3.定语从句关系复词课件篇三

定语从句的两大基本支柱是先行词和关系词，其中关系词中，我们所熟知的有关系代词that， which， who， who， whom， whose；关系副词when， where， why.但是掌握了这一些就足够了吗？当然不行，下面结合考题分析：

For now， however， it does appear that the economy can sustain a higher growth rate than most people thought plausible just a year or two ago. In that limited respect， at least， we appear to be in a “New Economy”。这句话中不知道各位能否看到than引导的句子是定语从句，因为这句话中缺乏宾语。说明白点，这句话看似是than引导的比较状从，但是仔细观察后会发现thought后只有宾补plausible，而没有宾语。而这个than引导的先行词就是前面的growth rate.

对这样句型，老师总结如下：

第一、特殊关系代词than.

它可作为关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中一般作主语，than前面的主句需有形容词的比较形式且比较级所修饰的名词为先行词。

因此该句可译成：不过，目前我们的经济确实能维持一个较高

再举一个类似的例子：Families have also experienced changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents； consequently， children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family structure. （04-Use of English）

按照之前所说的`类型，可知该句中less所修饰的名词supervision是先行词，than指代supervision，说明将现代家庭与传统家庭对孩子的supervision进行比较。Than在从句中作主语，后面接谓语动词was. 该句可译成：这些年来家庭模式也经历了变化。更多的家庭是单亲家庭或者双职工家庭；其结果是，与传统家庭结构相比，孩子可能在现代家庭所受的管教较少。

第二、特殊关系副词whereby.

关系词whereby在考研阅读理解中时常出现，它的意思相当于by which或through which，即表示“借此，凭这个”。

例如06年翻译题：The definition also excludes the majority of teachers， despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living.

根据上面对whereby的解释，我们自然知道whereby引导的限制性状语从句，表示“凭此，凭这个”，先行词是表示方式的名词method.尽管事实上教书通常是知识分子的谋生手段，但知识分子的定义同时也排除了大部分教师。

第三、特殊关系代词but.

这个词大家一定非常熟悉，但是我们所熟知的意思主要是做连词。但其实它也可以引导定语从句。当主句有否定意义时，限制性定语从句可以由关系代词but引导，意思相当于who…not， that…not， which…not，起到双重否定的作用。

例如There is no mother but loves her own children. 在这里关系词but相当于who…not，也就是意味着There is no mother who doesn‘t love her own children.没有不爱自己子女的母亲。

★ news可数吗能用a

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★ as可以引导定语从句吗

4.定语从句关系复词课件篇四

例1 For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further,_____ New York is an example.（2008四川）

A. for whichB. in which

C. of whichD. from which

例2 By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,_____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.（2008福建）

A. of whichB. on which

C. from whichD. above which 

纵观近几年高考题，定语从句一直是考查的重点，而“介词+关系代词”是核心考点，因此在解决此类问题时，如何确定介词是关键。

一、 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的确定。

1. 介词和定语从句中的谓语动词一起构成一种习惯搭配。

很多时候，介词和定语从句中的谓语动词构成固定搭配。此时，which/whom所修饰的先行词作动词短语中介词的宾语。做题时，只要加以辨别，就可以轻松作答。如The man to whom I spoke is Liu Xiang.一句中speak to 为固定搭配。再如：

Yao Ming_____all the Chinese take great pride is playing basketball for China in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

A. in whomB. of whom

C. on whomD. for whom

此题中介词in和定语从句中的谓语take pride 构成搭配take pride in，故选A。

但有时，需要细心区分是根据先行词来确定还是看定语从句的谓语动词，如下面一题：

I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction_____she had come.

A. of whichB. by which

C. in whichD. from which 

同学们很容易根据先行词direction而误选C，事实上，应和定语从句的谓语动词come一起构成搭配come from。因此选D。

2. 介词和定语从句中的形容词一起构成一种固定搭配。

有一些介词和定语从句中的形容词一起构成固定搭配。如：“Bird Nest” is a beautiful building, of which we are greatly proud.一句中be proud of 为固定搭配。平时掌握一些固定短语对于解决这一问题很有帮助。

3. 根据先行词来确定。

有些先行词本身就决定了该用什么样的介词来引导定语从句。如Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many problems about the security of the Beijing Olympic Games.由先行词meeting可知在会议上用at the meeting，所以用介词at。 

当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词时，则需根据先行词选择正确的介词。这些特殊的先行词需要记住，如当先行词为reason又在定语从句中作状语时，引导词只能为for which或why。如：Tell me the reason for which/why you missed the flight. 当先行词为way且在定语从句中作状语时，引导词只能为in which或that或省略。如：I don’t like the way in which/that he talks. 再如case, situation等常用in which/where来引导定语从句。 

4. 根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。

根据句意来确定介词是考查最多的也是最难确定的。解决这一问题，必须理解透主从句的关系，从而确定介词的选用。如：

In front of the house Tom is planting a tree, under which he will be able to sit and read some day.汤姆正在房前种一棵树，这样将来有一天他可以在树下读书。由句意可知用介词under。

本文开头两题就是这种情况，例1说“对世界上很多城市来说，没有再继续扩展的空间，其中纽约就是一个例子。”用of表示范畴，故选C。例2说“到九点时，所有的奥林匹克火炬手都登上了珠穆朗玛峰，在其上不久出现了少见的彩虹。”定语从句用的是倒装语序，正常语序应为a rare rainbow soon appeared above which，故选D。

再如：Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree_____ they can be controlled on purpose.（ 2007重庆）

A. with whichB. to which

C. of whichD. for which

定语从句说人的面部表情可以有意识地控制到某种程度，故选B，相当于to the degree。

The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs_____they are being trained.(2005江西)

A. in thatB. for that

C. in whichD. for which

此题易误选C，而该句表达的是学校自身承认并不是所有的孩子都将会在他们正在为那些而培训的工作中取得成功。故选D。

The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,_____ the sailing time was 226 days.(2004广西)

A. of whichB. during which 

C. from whichD. for which

句意：这位老水手的这次环球旅行历时九个月，其中有226天是航行时间。故选A，即and of the nine months。

特别注意：

1. 如果先行词前已有介词，则用关系副词，而不可将关系副词转换成“介词+关系代词”。如It happened on the day (that/when) I was born.可用that/when 引导，而不可用on which,因为先行词前已有介词on。

2. from where, since when为“介词+关系副词”结构，也可以引导定语从句。如：

Tom hid himself behind the door, from where he could hear the steps of his mother clearly.

3. 介词后面的关系代词不能省略。介词不提前时可以省略。

4. “whose +n.”引导定语从句时，可以转换成“the +n.+ of whom/which”或“of whom/which + the + n.”,whose可以指人也可以指物。如：

He lives in a big house whose window faces the sea.

=He lives in a big house the window of which faces the sea.

=He lives in a big house of which the window faces the sea. 

5.不同的介词所表示的意义不同。如表示“所有关系”或整体中的一部分时常用of;表示“在其中，是……之一”时用among等，可以根据语境来确定。

二、 “介词+关系代词”在定语从句中充当的成分。

1. 在从句中作状语。如：

But some occasions on which people clap change from country to another.但是有些场合，不同国家的人们鼓掌的方式不同。

2. 在从句中作定语。如：

Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.法律限制了它们的使用，这最早可以追溯到14世纪。

3. 关系代词which有时作定语。如：

We arrived at noon, by which time the demonstration was over.我们是中午到的，这时示威游行已结束。

综上所述，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是考查的重点，但只要掌握了上述方法，在应试中加以辨别，灵活运用，就可迎刃而解。试一试下面的题目：

1. In Britain, every year 2.5 million animals die in experiments_____scientists develop and test new medicines.

A. whereB. that

C. in whichD. on which

2. Mark was a student at this university from 1999~2003,_____ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.

A. during which time

B. for which time

C. during whose time

D. by that time

3. George Orwell,_____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.(2004北京)

A. the real name

B. what his real name

C. his real name

D. whose real name

4. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop_____ to produce the workings of his own hands.(2005湖南) 

A. thatB. in which

C. by whichD. how 

5. The book was written in 1946,_____ the education system has witnessed great changes.(2007山东)

A. whenB. during which

C. since thenD. since when

6. The English play_____my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.

A. for whichB. at which

C. in whichD. on which 

7. The man pulled out a gold watch,_____ were made of small diamonds.(2008陕西)

A. the hands of whom

B. whom the hands of

C. which the hands of

D. the hands of which

8. Madame Curie, for_____life had once been very hard, was successful later.

A. whomB. whose

C. whichD. that

9. A modern city has been set up in_____was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. whatB. which

C. that D. where

10. —Do you know the artist_____ the headmaster gave a prize?

—Yes, he is the teacher_____ I have been taught painting for 2 years.

A. to whom; who

B. to whom; by whom

C. whom; who

D. who; that

答案与解析

1. A 因为先行词前已经有介词in了，所以用关系副词where。

2. A 根据句意可知，指的是1999~2003这段期间。

3. D whose指代George Orwell’s,而ABC项都不能引导定语从句。

4. B 根据先行词知在商店里用介词in，而此处in which+不定式，相当于定语从句。

5. D 因为句中的谓语has witnessed 是现在完成时，所以要用sincewhen。when指代上文中的in 1946,表示“这本书是1946年写的，从那以后，教育体制发生了巨大变化”。 

6. C 根据句意可知：我的学生在此剧本中扮演角色，故选C项。

7. D =of which the hands。

8. A life had once been very hard for whom(Madame Curie)。该题容易误选B。

9. A 此题what引导的是名词性从句，而不是定语从句，因为没有先行词。

5.解读限制性定语从句中的关系代词篇五

1.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals.（人教课标版教材模块一Unit4 P26）

2.The story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.（北师大版教材模块一Unit3 Lesson1 P36）

以上从课本中选取的句子中，斜体部分的 that和who是引导定语从句的关系代词，在所引导的定语从句中作主语。引导定语从句的连词称之为关系词，它代表先行词，根据关系词在句子中所起的作用又分为关系代词和关系副词。通常关系代词在所引导的定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，常用的关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词在所引导的定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有where，when，why。下面就从限制性定语从句解读引导定语从句的关系代词。

一、that，which

（一）一般情况下，先行词指物时that/which都可以用。如：

Do you understand the sentence which / that I have just explained to you？

你们懂不懂我刚才给你们讲的那个句子？

She takes a look at the dog that can talk，then walks into the bedroom.

她看了看那条会说话的狗，然后走进卧室。

【例】 Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.

A.when B.where C.which D.whom

【答案】 C

（二）但是下列情况下用that。

1.先行词被形容词最高级、被序数词the last/ the first/ the second等、被形容词the only（唯一的）/ the very（正是）、被all/ no/ few/ little/ any等修饰时，用that；在从句中作表语时用that。如：

The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.我上的第一节课将永远不会忘记。

This is the very book that I lost yesterday.这就是我昨天弄丢的那本书。

This is the only example that I know.我知道的例子只有这一个。

Be very careful about any offers that involve your coming to a meeting or having someone visit your house.

如果有人以赠送礼物为由要求你前去赴会，或提出登门拜访时，应当高度警惕。

【例】 China is no longer the country she used to be.

【答案与解析】 that。根据be动词看出关系代词that在所引导的定语从句中作表语，用that。句意：中国不再是过去那样的国家了。

2.先行词本身是指物的不定代词everything/nothing/all/much/little/few/something等，其中something也可以用which，不过以that最常见。如：

All that glitters is not gold.闪闪发光者并非都是金子。

Everything that happens has a cause and an effect.一切事情的发生均有其因果。

【例】 There？蒺s nothing stops you from going to bed if you want to.

【答案与解析】 that。定语从句的先行词是指物不定代词nothing，用that。句意：如果你想去睡觉，没有什么事能阻止你去睡（或你尽管睡去）。

3.先行词是指人和指物的两个名词或代词时。如：

My father often tells me the things and persons that he met in the past.

父亲常常跟我讲起他过去所经历的人和事。

【例】 During the adventure，he met a series of things and persons surprised him.

【答案与解析】 that。先行词things and persons指物和人，关系代词who和which只能指代其一，用that既可以指物，也可以指人。句意：在冒险期间，他遇到了一系列让他吃惊的人和事。

4.在which引起的特殊疑问句中，为了避免重复用 that引导定语从句，取代which。如：

Which is the course that we are to take？我们选哪门课程？

二、who，whom

（一）who在所引导的定语从句中作主语，在非正式文体中可以代替作宾语的关系代词whom。whom在所引导的定语从句中作宾语，如果是“介词+关系代词”结构则只可以用whom，不可以用 who。

She is the girl whom/who/that I have come to know at the club.她是我在俱乐部认识的女孩。（关系代词whom作定语从句的谓语动词know的宾语，口语中可以用who或that，也可以省掉）

The girl who has been wanted for several years by the police was a nurse.

警方追缉了几年的女子原来是个护士。（who在所引导的定语从句中作主语，既不可以省略，也不可以用whom代替）

He was suddenly grateful for someone to whom he could talk about it.对能叫他说说这件事的人，他突然感到非常感激。（在“介词+关系代词”结构中，关系代词不可以用who或that）

【例】 In the dark street，there wasnt a single person to she could turn for help.

【答案与解析】 whom。题中包含短语“turn to sb.for help”，意思是“向某人求助”。本句可以转换成：In the dark street，there wasnt a single person （whom/ who/ that） she could turn to for help.属于“介词+关系代词”结构。句意：在漆黑的大街上，连一个她可以求助的人都没有。

（二）在下列情况下用who而不用whom：（1）先行词是one/ ones/ those/ anyone等人称不定代词时；（2）当先行词是I/you/he/they等，主要用于谚语中；（3）there be结构中。如：

God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。

He who laughs best laughs last.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好（别高兴得太早）

They who live in glass houses should not throw stones.自己有缺点，就别说别人的坏话。

【例】 Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.

A.whom B.who C.what D.which

【答案】 B

三、who，that

（一）that与who均可指人，有时可互换。如：

All that/who heard him were delighted.所有听了他讲话的人都很高兴。

Have you met anybody that /who has been to Paris？你遇见过去过巴黎的人吗？

He is the only one among us that/who knows Russian.他是我们中间唯一懂俄语的人。