Confidence英语作文

Confidence英语作文（6篇）

1.Confidence英语作文 篇一

美国经典英文演讲100篇:“A Crisis of Confidence”

Jimmy Carter

Energy and the National Goals-A Crisis of Confidence

delivered 15 July, 1979

[AUTHENTICITY CERTIFIED: Text version below transcribed directly from audio.] Good Evening: This a special night for me.Exactly three years ago, on July 15, 1976, I accepted the nomination of my party to run for President of the United States.I promised you a President who is not isolated from the people, who feels your pain, and who shares your dreams, and who draws his strength and his wisdom from you.During the past three years I’ve spoken to you on many occasions about national concerns, the energy crisis, reorganizing the government, our nation’s economy, and issues of war and especially peace.But over those years the subjects of the speeches, the talks, and the press conferences have become increasingly narrow, focused more and more on what the isolated world of Washington thinks is important.Gradually, you’ve heard more and more about what the government thinks or what the government should be doing and less and less about our nation’s hopes, our dreams, and our vision of the future.Ten days ago, I had planned to speak to you again about a very important subject--energy.For the fifth time I would have described the urgency of the problem and laid out a series of legislative recommendations to the Congress.But as I was preparing to speak, I began to ask myself the same question that I now know has been troubling many of you: Why have we not been able to get together as a nation to resolve our serious energy problem? It’s clear that the true problems of our nation are much deeper--deeper than gasoline lines or energy shortages, deeper even than inflation or recession.And I realize more than ever that as President I need your help.So, I decided to reach out and to listen to the voices of America.I invited to Camp David people from almost every segment of our society--business and labor, teachers and preachers, governors, mayors, and private citizens.And then I left Camp David to listen to other Americans, men and women like you.It has been an extraordinary ten days, and I want to share with you what I’ve heard.First of all, I got a lot of personal advice.Let me quote a few of the typical comments that I wrote down.This from a southern governor: “Mr.President, you are not leading this nation--you’re just managing the government.” “You don’t see the people enough anymore.”

“Some of your Cabinet members don’t seem loyal.There is not enough discipline among your disciples.”

“Don’t talk to us about politics or the mechanics of government, but about an understanding of our common good.”

“Mr.President, we’re in trouble.Talk to us about blood and sweat and tears.”

“If you lead, Mr.President, we will follow.”

Many people talked about themselves and about the condition of our nation.This from a young woman in Pennsylvania: “I feel so far from government.I feel like ordinary people are excluded from political power.”

And this from a young Chicano: “Some of us have suffered from recession all our lives.”

“Some people have wasted energy, but others haven’t had anything to waste.”

And this from a religious leader: “No material shortage can touch the important things like God’s love for us or our love for one another.” And I like this one particularly from a black woman who happens to be the mayor of a small Mississippi town: “The big shots are not the only ones who are important.Remember, you can’t sell anything on Wall Street unless someone digs it up somewhere else first.”

This kind of summarized a lot of other statements: “Mr.President, we are confronted with a moral and a spiritual crisis.”

Several of our discussions were on energy, and I have a notebook full of comments and advice.I’ll read just a few.“We can’t go on consuming forty percent more energy then we produce.When we import oil we are also importing inflation plus unemployment.”

“We’ve got to use what we have.The Middle East has only five percent of the world’s energy, but the United States has twenty-four percent.” And this is one of the most vivid statements: “Our neck is stretched over the fence and OPEC has a knife.”

“There will be other cartels and other shortages.American wisdom and courage right now can set a path to follow in the future.” This was a good one: “Be bold, Mr.President.We may make mistakes, but we are ready to experiment.”

And this one from a labor leader got to the heart of it: “The real issue is freedom.We must deal with the energy problem on a war footing.” And the last that I’ll read: “When we enter the moral equivalent of war, Mr.President, don’t issue us BB guns.”

These ten days confirmed my belief in the decency and the strength and the wisdom of the American people, but it also bore out some of my longstanding concerns about our nation’s underlying problems.I know, of course, being President, that government actions and legislation can be very important.That’s why I’ve worked hard to put my campaign promises into law, and I have to admit, with just mixed success.But after listening to the American people, I have been reminded again that all the legislation in the world can’t fix what’s wrong with America.So, I want to speak to you first tonight about a subject even more serious than energy or inflation.I want to talk to you right now about a fundamental threat to American democracy.I do not mean our political and civil liberties.They will endure.And I do not refer to the outward strength of America, a nation that is at peace tonight everywhere in the world, with unmatched economic power and military might.The threat is nearly invisible in ordinary ways.It is a crisis of confidence.It is a crisis that strikes at the very heart and soul and spirit of our national will.We can see this crisis in the growing doubt about the meaning of our own lives and in the loss of a unity of purpose for our nation.The erosion of our confidence in the future is threatening to destroy the social and the political fabric of America.The confidence that we have always had as a people is not simply some romantic dream or a proverb in a dusty book that we read just on the Fourth of July.It is the idea which founded our nation and has guided our development as a people.Confidence in the future has supported everything else--public institutions and private enterprise, our own families, and the very Constitution of the United States.Confidence has defined our course and has served as a link between generations.We’ve always believed in something called progress.We’ve always had a faith that the days of our children would be better than our own.Our people are losing that faith, not only in government itself but in the ability as citizens to serve as the ultimate rulers and shapers of our democracy.As a people we know our past and we are proud of it.Our progress has been part of the living history of America, even the world.We always believed that we were part of a great movement of humanity itself called democracy, involved in the search for freedom;and that belief has always strengthened us in our purpose.But just as we are losing our confidence in the future, we are also beginning to close the door on our past.In a nation that was proud of hard work, strong families, close-knit communities, and our faith in God, too many of us now tend to worship self-indulgence and consumption.Human identity is no longer defined by what one does, but by what one owns.But we’ve discovered that owning things and consuming things does not satisfy our longing for meaning.We’ve learned that piling up material goods cannot fill the emptiness of lives which have no confidence or purpose.The symptoms of this crisis of the American spirit are all around us.For the first time in the history of our country a majority of our people believe that the next five years will be worse than the past five years.Two-thirds of our people do not even vote.The productivity of American workers is actually dropping, and the willingness of Americans to save for the future has fallen below that of all other people in the Western world.As you know, there is a growing disrespect for government and for churches and for schools, the news media, and other institutions.This is not a message of happiness or reassurance, but it is the truth and it is a warning.These changes did not happen overnight.They’ve come upon us gradually over the last generation, years that were filled with shocks and tragedy.[NextPage] We were sure that ours was a nation of the ballot, not the bullet, until the murders of John Kennedy and Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr.We were taught that our armies were always invincible and our causes were always just, only to suffer the agony of Vietnam.We respected the Presidency as a place of honor until the shock of Watergate.We remember when the phrase “sound as a dollar” was an expression of absolute dependability, until ten years of inflation began to shrink our dollar and our savings.We believed that our nation’s resources were limitless until 1973 when we had to face a growing dependence on foreign oil.These wounds are still very deep.They have never been healed.Looking for a way out of this crisis, our people have turned to the Federal Government and found it isolated from the mainstream of our nation’s life.Washington, D.C., has become an island.The gap between our citizens and our government has never been so wide.The people are looking for honest answers, not easy answers;clear leadership, not false claims and evasiveness and politics as usual.What you see too often in Washington and elsewhere around the country is a system of government that seems incapable of action.You see a Congress twisted and pulled in every direction by hundreds of well-financed and powerful special interests.You see every extreme position defended to the last vote, almost to the last breath by one unyielding group or another.You often see a balanced and a fair approach that demands sacrifice, a little sacrifice from everyone, abandoned like an orphan without support and without friends.Often you see paralysis and stagnation and drift.You don’t like it, and neither do I.What can we do? First of all, we must face the truth, and then we can change our course.We simply must have faith in each other, faith in our ability to govern ourselves, and faith in the future of this nation.Restoring that faith and that confidence to America is now the most important task we face.It is a true challenge of this generation of Americans.One of the visitors to Camp David last week put it this way: “We’ve got to stop crying and start sweating, stop talking and start walking, stop cursing and start praying.The strength we need will not come from the White House, but from every house in America.”

We know the strength of America.We are strong.We can regain our unity.We can regain our confidence.We are the heirs of generations who survived threats much more powerful and awesome than those that challenge us now.Our fathers and mothers were strong men and women who shaped a new society during the Great Depression, who fought world wars and who carved out a new charter of peace for the world.We ourselves are the same Americans who just ten years ago put a man on the moon.We are the generation that dedicated our society to the pursuit of human rights and equality.And we are the generation that will win the war on the energy problem and in that process, rebuild the unity and confidence of America.We are at a turning point in our history.There are two paths to choose.One is a path I’ve warned about tonight, the path that leads to fragmentation and self-interest.Down that road lies a mistaken idea of freedom, the right to grasp for ourselves some advantage over others.That path would be one of constant conflict between narrow interests ending in chaos and immobility.It is a certain route to failure.6 All the traditions of our past, all the lessons of our heritage, all the promises of our future point to another path--the path of common purpose and the restoration of American values.That path leads to true freedom for our nation and ourselves.We can take the first steps down that path as we begin to solve our energy problem.Energy will be the immediate test of our ability to unite this nation, and it can also be the standard around which we rally.On the battlefield of energy we can win for our nation a new confidence, and we can seize control again of our common destiny.In little more than two decades we’ve gone from a position of energy independence to one in which almost half the oil we use comes from foreign countries, at prices that are going through the roof.Our excessive dependence on OPEC has already taken a tremendous toll on our economy and our people.This is the direct cause of the long lines which have made millions of you spend aggravating hours waiting for gasoline.It’s a cause of the increased inflation and unemployment that we now face.This intolerable dependence on foreign oil threatens our economic independence and the very security of our nation.The energy crisis is real.It is worldwide.It is a clear and present danger to our nation.These are facts and we simply must face them.What I have to say to you now about energy is simple and vitally important.Point one: I am tonight setting a clear goal for the energy policy of the United States.Beginning this moment, this nation will never use more foreign oil than we did in 1977--never.From now on, every new addition to our demand for energy will be met from our own production and our own conservation.The generation-long growth in our dependence on foreign oil will be stopped dead in its tracks right now and then reversed as we move through the 1980s, for I am tonight setting the further goal of cutting our dependence on foreign oil by one-half by the end of the next decade--a saving of over four and a half million barrels of imported oil per day.Point two: To ensure that we meet these targets, I will use my presidential authority to set import quotas.I’m announcing tonight that for 1979 and 1980, I will forbid the entry into this country of one drop of foreign oil more than these goals allow.These quotas will ensure a reduction in imports even below the ambitious levels we set at the recent Tokyo summit.Point three: To give us energy security, I am asking for the most massive peacetime commitment of funds and resources in our nation’s history to develop America’s own alternative sources of fuel--from coal, from oil shale, from plant products for gasohol, from unconventional gas, from the sun.I propose the creation of an energy security corporation to lead this effort to replace two and a half million barrels of imported oil per day by 1990.The corporation will issue up to five billion dollars in energy bonds, and I especially want them to be in small denominations so average Americans can invest directly in America’s energy security.Just as a similar synthetic rubber corporation helped us win World War II, so will we mobilize American determination and ability to win the energy war.Moreover, I will soon submit legislation to Congress calling for the creation of this nation’s first solar bank which will help us achieve the crucial goal of twenty percent of our energy coming from solar power by the year 2000.These efforts will cost money, a lot of money, and that is why Congress must enact the windfall profits tax without delay.It will be money well spent.Unlike the billions of dollars that we ship to foreign countries to pay for foreign oil, these funds will be paid by Americans, to Americans.These will go to fight, not to increase, inflation and unemployment.Point four: I’m asking Congress to mandate, to require as a matter of law, that our nation’s utility companies cut their massive use of oil by fifty percent within the next decade and switch to other fuels, especially coal, our most abundant energy source.Point five: To make absolutely certain that nothing stands in the way of achieving these goals, I will urge Congress to create an energy mobilization board which, like the War Production Board in World War II, will have the responsibility and authority to cut through the red tape, the delays, and the endless roadblocks to completing key energy projects.We will protect our environment.But when this nation critically needs a refinery or a pipeline, we will build it.Point six: I’m proposing a bold conservation program to involve every state, county, and city and every average American in our energy battle.This effort will permit you to build conservation into your homes and your lives at a cost you can afford.I ask Congress to give me authority for mandatory conservation and for standby gasoline rationing.To further conserve energy, I’m proposing tonight an extra ten billion dollars over the next decade to strengthen our public transportation systems.And I’m asking you for your good and for your nation’s security to take no unnecessary trips, to use carpools or public transportation whenever you can, to park your car one extra day per week, to obey the speed limit, and to set your thermostats to save fuel.Every act of energy conservation like this is more than just common sense, I tell you it is an act of patriotism.Our nation must be fair to the poorest among us, so we will increase aid to needy Americans to cope with rising energy prices.We often think of conservation only in terms of sacrifice.In fact, it is the most painless and immediate ways of rebuilding our nation’s strength.Every gallon of oil each one of us saves is a new form of production.It gives us more freedom, more confidence, that much more control over our own lives.So, the solution of our energy crisis can also help us to conquer the crisis of the spirit in our country.It can rekindle our sense of unity, our confidence in the future, and give our nation and all of us individually a new sense of purpose.You know we can do it.We have the natural resources.We have more oil in our shale alone than several Saudi Arabias.We have more coal than any nation on earth.We have the world’s highest level of technology.We have the most skilled work force, with innovative genius, and I firmly believe that we have the national will to win this war.I do not promise you that this struggle for freedom will be easy.I do not promise a quick way out of our nation’s problems, when the truth is that the only way out is an all-out effort.What I do promise you is that I will lead our fight, and I will enforce fairness in our struggle, and I will ensure honesty.And above all, I will act.We can manage the short-term shortages more effectively, and we will;but there are no short-term solutions to our long-range problems.There is simply no way to avoid sacrifice.Twelve hours from now I will speak again in Kansas City, to expand and to explain further our energy program.Just as the search for solutions to our energy shortages has now led us to a new awareness of our nation’s deeper problems, so our willingness to work for those solutions in energy can strengthen us to attack those deeper problems.I will continue to travel this country, to hear the people of America.You can help me to develop a national agenda for the 1980s.I will listen;and I will act.We will act together.These were the promises I made three years ago, and I intend to keep them.Little by little we can and we must rebuild our confidence.We can spend until we empty our treasuries, and we may summon all the wonders of science.But we can succeed only if we tap our greatest resources--America’s people, America’s values, and America’s confidence.I have seen the strength of America in the inexhaustible resources of our people.In the days to come, let us renew that strength in the struggle for an energy-secure nation.In closing, let me say this: I will do my best, but I will not do it alone.Let your voice be heard.Whenever you have a chance, say something good about our country.With God’s help and for the sake of our nation, it is time for us to join hands in America.Let us commit ourselves together to a rebirth of the American spirit.Working together with our common faith we cannot fail.Thank you and good night.

2.Confidence英语作文 篇二

关键词：高中英语,作文教学方法,初探

在高中英语教学中, 英语作文是一项非常重要的教学内容, 它是综合考查学生对英语的语言逻辑、语言习惯和语法结构等各方面知识进行运用的一种形式。对于考查学生的听、说、读、写等技能来说, 它是对学生要求最高的一个层次。在高考命题中, 学生对英语的书面表达能力是相对比较难的部分, 因为它在考查学生对英语语言的综合运用能力。下面我根据自己的教学实际, 就高考英语写作中经常出现的错误类型等进行举例剖析, 以反馈指导我们的英语写作教学工作, 同时, 对高中英语作文教学方法进行了初步探讨。

一、错误类型描述及简要分析

高考英语作文中, 学生常出现的书面表达的错误主要表现有以下十类。

1. 中国式英语的错误。例句:Everywhere can see the trees. (不顾英文表达习惯, 硬译中文)

2. 关系不一致。例句1:He closes the door and hurried out.例句2:If I were you, I won't do that. (误用动词时态, 逻辑关系混乱)

3. 词性误用。例句1:60%of the students against the idea.例句2:Two days past before his letter arrived. (混淆词性, 由此不能准确运用于句子中)

4. 重复累赘。例句1:We hope to improve our work better.例句2:I returned back to my hometown.

5. 选词或搭配错误。例句1:Peter is a kindheartedperson, so everybody likes to have friends with him. (have改为make) 例句2:It's cold outside.Please dress your coat. (dress不能与衣服连用)

6. 无关联词错误。例句1:I'm tired, I must go to bed.例句2:His living room seemed empty, there only two chairs and a bed. (中文是讲究意合而英文讲究形合, 两例句中没有正确运用标点符号或者省略了连词)

二、英语作文的教学方法

高中英语作文的教学法是一种渗透式的教学方式, 这种渗透式教学方式是一个分阶段的、循序渐进的、逐渐灌输的发展过程, 在这个过程中, 是让学生通过在学习中一点一滴的体会进行积累, 而不是在一个特定的时间内给学生系统的知识。

1. 扩大词汇量。每天指导学生积累几个单词, 加强单词的记忆, 对于使用频率高的单词要准确掌握单词的含义和一般搭配。

2. 教师在讲授怎样理解课文的时候, 对于描述性的文字, 要让学生掌握形容词和名词是如何搭配的?副词和动词是如何搭配的?对于议论文, 要让学生掌握文章所采用的议论方法是相对比较式还是层次递进式?对于说明文, 教师要让学生掌握是按照怎样的说明顺序来说明的?对于那些新学的短语在平时阅读的文章中出现率较高, 在自己写英语作品时有可能会使用的, 更要用心掌握;对于段落的衔接过渡要让学生把握是怎样使用过渡词语的。

三、批、评、改学生英语作文的方法

学生英语作文的批、评、改方法是英文写作教学方法的重要组成部分。对于英语作文教学来说, 教师不能只看重学生作品的好赖, 而更应该重视学生写英语作文的过程。教师要通过对学生作文有针对性的批、评、改来调动学生爱好英语写作的积极性。现提出“全批法”这种作文评改方法供大家参考。教师评改学生英语作文最常用的是全批法, 这也是最基本的方法。全批法能使教师比较全面地了解学生的写作情况。使用全批法要注意教师的批阅和讲评工作都要做到及时, 不能往后拖延太久, 否则起不到应有的效果。同时, 教师在批阅中还应从以下几各方面做好工作:把学生作文中普遍存在的典型性的错误摘录下来, 为以后讲评作文环节搜集好素材, 做好充分准备。然后, 选择1~2篇优秀习作作为范文在讲评课上朗读, 通过朗读让学生从中体会他人有特色的写作思路, 做到“取人之长, 补己之短”。同时教师还可以要求学生在自己以后的英语写作中能借鉴范文中的优美词句, 从而把“他人”的知识变为“自己”的知识, 借此提高自己的英语写作水平。

古人说得好:“不积跬步, 无以至千里, 不积小流, 无以成江海”。学生学习英语语言的写作也必须做到“贵在坚持和积累”。尤其是对于脱离教师课堂教学环境的课外交流语言的学习, 更需要我们教师多留心, 多为他们创造更多的接触和使用课外交流的机会。总之, 学生的英语作品是学生写作能力的一个综合体现, 作为教师应该站在更高的角度来规划自己的教学, 从学习生活的点滴入手, 在教学过程中具体进行渗透, 贯穿在英语教学的方方面面, 使英语书面不再成为学生的难题。

参考文献

[1]党素艳.“基于高中英语作文错误类型分析的教学方法”[J].教学研究, 2010, (9) .

[2]叶莲琴.“渐进、感悟、思维、面批——高中英语作文渗透式教学方式探索”[J].科学教育, 2008, (1) .

[3]扈俊武.“浅谈高中英语作文的基础、原则和步骤”[J].教育实践与研究, 2009, (2) .

3.Confidence英语作文 篇三

1 现状分析

英语写作是英语教学中收效较慢的教学任务, 虽然广大教育教学工作者已经借鉴和总结了很多有效的方法来指导和传授英语写作方法给学生。但是一个伟大工程的完美竣工并不完全取决于其建造手法的娴熟和巧妙, 也有赖于后期的不间断的检测体察和修补重建。但反思目前的英语作文评语存在很多问题如下。1) 教师的态度。现在很多老师都忽视或不重视学生作文评语的质量, 态度敷衍, 评语形式化和不规范化, 这种做法使之前对于尽心尽力传授的写作方法不能得到很好的落实。有的教师也只是粗略地浏览一下, 圈出几个语言错误, 敷衍了事。教师对学生作文的批改仅限于简单的对、错符号, 分数或等级, 几乎没有评语, 或是千篇一律的Good , Not bad, All right或Perfect, 或者是A B C D几个等级。2) 教师重视语言错误的修改胜过对作文本身的评价。一方面由于作文大多是立意明确的作文, 不需要学生在审题思考, 另一方面是教师习惯性地充当了一个审判者的角色。只注重语法的修改, 对学生作文进行找错, 评语中纠错多于激励, 批评多于表扬。这样的评语也让学生产生了审美疲劳, 忽视或无视作文二次修改的现象屡屡发生。教师除了检查学生的语言运用能力之外, 更应该体会文章是否言之有物, 达到交流思想的目的。3) 教师未能从读者的角度来欣赏学生的写作, 告诉学生有何表达不妥, 该如何修改。相反教师喜欢用命令的语气和口吻, 这容易引起学生的反感和抵触。

久之, 评语就如同“鸡肋”, 食之无味, 弃之可惜。为了真正落实好英语写作教学, 从根本上提高学生的写作水平, 将英语作文评语规范成体系已经成为迫切的需求。以下是笔者结合教学实践和切身体会, 就英语作文评语的重要性和方法有效性所做探讨。

2 英语作文评论“存在”之重要性

2.1 对学生而言

作文评价是学生写作的指导与反馈, 便于学生了解自己的英语学习情况, 同时学生也希望在评语中得到老师的认可和鼓励。作文是令学生望而生畏的一种作业, 但是当他们搜肠刮肚完成一篇作文的时候, 心里也渴望知道老师或者同伴对自己作文的评价, 因此教师应及时批改并重视评语, 要肯定学生写作的优点, 指出不足, 目的是帮助学生提高写作水平。

2.2 对教师而言

在作文评价的过程中能获得问题反馈, 从而帮助教师准确了解和判断学生的语言掌握熟练程度和写作水平, 以有利于教师根据学生实际情况调控和改进自己的英语写作教学。这样, 老师的教和学生的学有一个良性的循环。

2.3 对英语作文教学而言

作文评价是师生之间交流与沟通的平台, 也是写作教学良性循环一个不可或缺的组成部分。英语作文评价不仅是教师批改学生的作文, 简单给学生一个等级, 还要进一步留意和收集学生写作时的其他方面信息, 然后进行分析和总结, 来判断学生写作完成程度、英语写作能力及英语熟练程度。

3 英语作文评语方法之有效性

既然了解了作文评语的重要性, 那么语言的有效性就显得格外的重要, 千万不要让老师的辛苦批注成为学生眼中的评语“鸡肋”, 食之无味, 弃之可惜。因此我们应该从以下几个方面对英语写作的评语更加关注和改善。

3.1 普遍意义上语法修改评论语

1) 时态和主谓一致评论语

学生在学习英语的过程中, 最大的难题就是动词及其用法, 这也是学生学习英语的重点。由于汉语和英语的差异, 学生往往会受到母语的干扰, 不能正确使用英语动词时态.

例如:

学生写记叙文时常混用时态。如“My sister likes playing pi⁃ano when she was a child. She is reading many books about many famous people. And she wants to be a scientist after she graduated the university. ”这段文字时态混乱, 但对于学英语时间不长的学生来说, 简单地否定或肯定都是不对的。既要让学生认识到自己的错误又不挫伤他们的积极性, 比较好的方法是先表扬做得对的地方后纠正错误的地方。我们可以批上:How lovely your sister is. So are you. You do a good job in your composition, but try to make the tense correct. If you take your story as a past event, use the Past Tense all the way. You can't use tenses at ran⁃dom! 这样的评论就很委婉地提出了学生的不足之处, 而且也适时的肯定了优点, 这有利于学生自信心的培养和对英语的热情。

2) 对中国式英语的点评

由于语言上存在的比较大的差异, 并且身边的英语环境质量不够高, 因此很多学生在写作时都容易产生中国式英语的句子。就此, 我们应当在及时纠正的同时, 更应该正确评价。

例如:

In modern society people can’t leave cars. 这是学生作文中常出现的句子, 有位教师这样评价:“You really know clearly about modern society, but try to use English correctly, Englishman usually say like this’In modern society people can’t do without cars.’Do you think it is more clearly? ”这位老师很注重文化间差异而产生的思维的差异, 并用了很地道但是缓和的口气来指正学生的错误, 更加有利于学生接受并改正语言上的毛病。

3.2 谋篇布局类评论语.

在作文批改中, 不能只是订正学生所犯的语法错误和拼写错误。有时老师很难发现学生作文的语法错误, 但常常感到词类句子不通顺, 也不符合英语的表达习惯, 这是语篇质量方面的错误。无法用语法来解释, 而是要靠形成语篇时所应遵循的原则去处理, 即要分析语篇的有效性、表达的得体性和地道性。例如, 在学生的习作中有这样的一个句子:“Teachers’Day is coming. I’m going to see my middle-school English teacher next week.从句子平面看, 此句既无语法错误, 亦无书写错误。但从深层上分析, 不难看出句子受到严重的母语干扰, 且选词不当, 造成意义模糊, 影响了交流的有效性。批改时, 笔者不仅在English teacher下画一条横线以示错误, 并在此句旁边写道:En⁃joy yourself with your teacher on the coming Teachers' Day. But I wonder who you are going to visit next week, a teacher from Eng⁃land or a teacher who teaches you English. 学生看到评语后重新修改为:“I’m going to visit my teacher who taught me English in the middle school.”

3.3 鼓励, 激励性评语

好学生是夸出来的, 当学生有好的表现时, 千万不要吝惜赞美的语言。以下是一些可以借鉴和运用的评论性话语。

1) 整体印象类评语。Super!Excellent! Perfect!Wonder⁃ful! 采用整体印象类评语对于刚学英语的学生有较好的激励作用, 为了下次再得到老师的表扬, 他们会更加认真和细致。但若千篇一律的使用此类评语, 就会使学生产生视觉疲倦, 同时无法正确认识自己的写作水平, 最终导致教师的评语失去其应有的作用。

2) 规范引导类评语。

Glad to see your improvement in handwriting.

’Its necessary to make a draft beforehand.

’

这类评语如果教师能够恰当、合适地使用, 对学生形成良好的写作习惯和规范起到有效、积极的作用。

3) 情感调控类评语

You have a good knowledge of English proverbs.

Don’t hesitate to contact me if you need any help.

此类评语语气应当温馨和真诚, 让学生感受到老师的关怀和鼓励, 保持写作热情, 端正写作态度。

当我们真正认识到了英语作文评论语的重要性, 并且能认真思考有效操作和改进方法, 相信这样的评论语定然不会成为学生口中的“鸡肋”, 让作文评论语真正有效服务于英语教学是我们每位英语教师的职责和奋斗方向。

摘要：写作是英语教学中一个重要的环节, 同时也是衡量学生综合技能的重要内容之一。如何进行有效地进行英语作文批改一直是困扰英语教师的课题之一、评语是教师批改作文时对学生的一种反馈和情感交流, 不只是纠正学生的语言错误。评语既要有宏观的评价也要有微观的指导, 同时要激励学生, 关心学生, 实现教与学的有效发展, 提高学生的英语写作水平。

关键词：英语作文评语,重要性,方法有效性

参考文献

[1]Anderson and T.Lynch.Listening[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversity Press, 1988.

[2]邵瑞珍.教育心理学[M].上海:上海教育出版社, 1997.

[3]鲁志华.巧用激励性评语培养学生英语写作能力[J].英语教师, 2010 (10) :63.

[4]陈红.如何利用评语构建英语写作生态课堂教学[J].湖北函数大学学报, 2013 (10) :132-133.

[5]梁蓉.初中英语作文评价的问题与对策研究[J].西南大学, 2012.

[6]陈冰.教师书面反馈对高中学生英语作文修改的影响[J].基础英语教育, 2011 (1) :10-13.

[7]乔晓晶.高中英语写作之翼[J].中学课程辅导·教学研究, 2011 (23) :69-70.

[8]徐丽萍.对撰写英语写作评语的思考[J].乌鲁木齐成人教育学院学报, 2008 (2) :83-87.

4.初中英语作文教学探究 篇四

一、采用丰富高效的课堂教学手段

1.听、读、说、写并举

英语的听、读、说、写四者密切相关,相辅相成。充分挖掘教材内容,找到听说读写的结合点,指导学生写作。在学生的听力训练过程中,不但要关注他们听到了什么,还要关注把听到的内容准确地表达出来,其实学生把听到的内容准确地表述出来就是写作训练过程。组织学生经常听英语朗读,特别是一些名家名作聆听到耳熟能详的程度,从中领会名家对英语语言的应用。

学习语言阅读是一种十分重要的方法。如何让诵读环节为写作所用,就要解决学生读什么的问题。必须系统把握教材的内容,做到对每一个单元所需训练的内容了如指掌,全盘把握,提炼成文,作为学生诵读的内容。对优秀英语作品指导学生反复读,在大量阅读的过程中,学生能够开阔视野,拓展知识,增加语感,积攒必要的语言材料,扩充自己的词汇量和知识面,增加自己思想的宽度和思维的广度。阅读过程中要注意分析和揣摩原文的语言特点、用词造句、习惯用法和固定搭配,理解作者写作的用意,弄清作者运用了什么样的写作方法,包括文章运用的时态、语态及其他语法手段,为今后的写作积累素材,同时能使学生更多地了解英语国家的社会文化。

“说”是写的前提,也是英语教学中的一个重要环节。每个单元乃至每个课时都有“说”的训练,“说”的内容一般都围绕着单元的主题进行,这和单元的写作主题也是一致的。应该说,能说得清楚就能写得明白,“说”和“写”二者相辅相成、相得益彰。因此,老师应循序渐进地引导学生说得规范,说得有条理,说得精彩。“说”进行起来较为方便,从师生之间的见面问候开始使用英语语言,课堂上师生互动尽量使用英语对话,克服英汉混杂的现象。久而久之,学生就会养成用英语对话的习惯。教师还要积极为学生创造使用英语对话的场景与条件,引导学生用英语说话,鼓励学生用英语说话,让学生想用英语说话,有机会用英语说话。

“写”是英语作文教学的最终目标,能听懂、会阅读、会用英语交流,写作就是记录语言的基本方式了。在教学过程中,教师要善于激发学生写作的动机,通过提供使学生感兴趣的话题或设置交际情景,捕捉学生的兴趣热点,诱发学生写的动机和愿望,帮助他们走上愿写、乐写、善写的良性循环的轨道。要把“写”的训练贯穿在整个教学中,英语的听、读、说、写是互相影响、互相作用的有机统一体。“写作”训练要借助听、读、说的教学训练这些载体,让学生在潜移默化中获得“写”的训练,从而实现瓜熟蒂落、水到渠成的效果。总之,听、说、读、写是语言的四大要素,不可分割,共同发展这四项能力是提高英语写作教学质量的基本方法。

2.培养学生想象力和创新能力

通过听、说、读等方面的强化训练,学生积累了一定的词汇、语法等,如果学生缺乏丰富的想象力,写出来的文章仍然显得没有生机,千篇一律。目前,考试中出现的画图作文、情景作文对学生的想象力提出了极高的要求。教师可以通过看图说话、句段扩写、文章续写、看影像听音乐意境描写等多种形式训练,对学生进行循序渐进的想象力培养。在训练中发展学生思维的变通性和独创新,要求学生根据图画所提供的情景和英汉提出的词语,建立联想,创造性地运用所学的词汇和语法知识进行表达。比如,根据一幅或多幅图画及提示写一篇字数在100字以内的短文,充分运用自己所学的知识和丰富的想象,完整、准确地表达意思,重点考察在领会图意和提示语的前提下能简单创造语言的能力。这不仅可以培养学生写作的兴趣,激发他们的写作热情,还可以促使学生利用想象丰富写作内容。丰富的想象离不开大胆创新,在指导学生写作的过程中,既要让学生学习和借鉴他人优秀作品的写作方法,更要鼓励学生大胆创新,写自己的事,写身边的人和事,写自己的所思所想,抒发自己的真情实感。这样学生写作就有了素材,想象也有了发挥的平台。

3.加强小组合作学习

在课堂上,让学生自愿组成若干小组,让组员相互纠正作文上的错误。许多时候学生在“欣赏”自己的劣作时都忍不住哄堂大笑,但笑过之后,错误也在轻松愉快的气氛中改正了,这样既活跃了写作课堂的气氛,又达到了让学生纠正错误的效果。待改正错误后,教师可将学生作文中的错误加以归类总结,把普遍存在的错误提出来,再让学生相互批改作文。学生在合作中学习,在合作中学会了评价,一来节省了老师批改作文的时间,二来培养了学生的语言意识。学生既是作者又是读者,通过批评性地阅读别人的文章,学生们可以获得更多的写作知识和技巧,对通常犯的错误有了更高的警惕性。小组合作修改让每个学生都参与到作文修改当中,调动了学生的学习积极性,又为学生互帮互助、合作交流营造了氛围,小组合作可以使作文练习更高效、更规范。

二、引导学生进行作文课后训练

1.增加词汇积累

词汇是英语写作必不可少的基本要素。没有丰富的词汇作保障,写作文就是句空话。要写出好的文章,就必须善于从众多的词语中选择和运用最恰当的词语。因此,加强词汇教学、扩大和丰富学生的词汇量是提高学生写作能力的基础性工作。学生掌握的词汇不仅要做到会读、会写,还要理解其含义、语法,在写作中能灵活运用。坚决克服让学生死记硬背,挫伤学生词汇积累积极性的做法。增加学生词汇的方法很多,如从学习课文中积累、从语言交流中积累、从课外阅读中积累等,教师要采取有效手段鼓励学生大量积累词汇。

2.学会传承和借鉴

每个民族都有自己的优秀文章,这些好的文章为学生的写作提供了模板。英语写作初期,可以让学生模仿,也可以使学生在原来文章下套作。同时,鼓励学生多背诵经典文章,学生在背诵文章的过程中,可以体会别人的思维方式,模仿别人的表达方式。这也是增加词汇、获得语言知识、提高语言表达能力的有效途径或方法。李阳疯狂英语的核心就是背诵文章,文章背多了,语感就形成了,写作就能思如泉涌。要引导学生在传承和借鉴中提高自己,发展自己。值得一提的是,英语教学课文大多是精选的适合学生背诵的好文章,教师在向学生布置背诵任务时,不能忘了这一重要资源。

3.强化写作实践练习

写作能力的提高贵在写作实践练习。实践是将理论转化为能力的“中介”,是写作训练的点睛之笔。在实践训练时要注意体裁的多样性,鼓励学生从用英语写短信、微信、日记等简短文章做起,提高英语写作频率,增加英语写作训练数量,促进英语写作水平的提高。引导学生学会及时反思和总结,不断完善自己的写作技巧。教师可以“下水”写作,让学生阅读借鉴,教师“下水”示范了,学生就会想“下水”、敢“下水”。总而言之,写作练习是一个渐进的过程,需要长时间的积累,写作能力的提高不可能一下子就体现出来,但只要在教师科学合理的引导下,学生发扬持之以恒的精神,必定会战胜写作难题,达到较高的写作水平。

教师的教学活动要以学生为主体,创造良好的课内外语言环境,引导和鼓励学生大胆写作。在课堂教学中,努力打造高效课堂,不断提高写作教学的水平,以课堂写作教学的高效率促进学生写作能力的形成,改变学生写作能力弱的现状,促进学生英语综合素质的提升。

摘要：英语写作水平是衡量学生英语综合能力的重要标准之一。在激烈的升学竞争中,英语写作成绩是直接影响学生能否顺利升入高一级学校的重要因素。然而,提高学生英语写作水平既是学生学习的难点,又是教师教学的重难点。教师在教学中如何采取有效方法突破这个难点,使学生在英语学习中不再为写作犯难,作者在教学中做了一些有益尝试。

关键词：英语,作文,探究

参考文献

[1]徐明旺,徐霞.初中英语作文教学的有效性探讨.中学生英语:初中版,2012(2).

[2]戴世刚.初中英语作文教学探究.大观周刊,2013(10).

5.八年级英语作文方法浅析 篇五

一、听———写

人教版新目标教材的每一个单元的编排都是从听力开始的, 学生在听听力时可以边听边记关键词、关键短语、主题句等重要信息。听完后用自己的话语重新组织, 说出所听内容梗概, 然后再打开课本后面的听力材料对照。这样从听力中训练学生的动笔能力和组织语言的能力, 对写作起引导作用。学生们经过七年级的学习已经掌握了一定的听力技巧并打下了听力的基础。八年级的听力也是从短对话慢慢延伸至短文, 所以, 学生们必须熟记课本上的单词, 并理解单词的用法, 这既学习了词汇、练习了听力也为写作做了准备。听过并记住所听的一些内容, 这样日积月累就会增加自己脑袋里的素材, 写作的时候就可以借用别人说话的方式来表达自己的想法与感情。

二、说———写

英语是一门有声语言, 这门语言的说和写是密不可分的。说是将心里所想的东西用有声的话语表达出来, 而写则是将心里所想的东西用笔墨呈现到纸上。其实, 说英语也就是在进行口头写作。说英语能帮助学生们在脑海中迅速组织语言, 提高英语的构思能力, 形成一种不同于母语的语言思维模式, 为写作打下良好的基础。八年级的学生们要大胆地开口说英语, 从实践中体会英语的魅力。学生们可以从课本上的对话练习开始, 逐渐学会用自己的话语去编造类似的对话, 从简单的编对话开始进行写作训练。或者和自己的partner找一个共同的话题进行英语交流, 讨论并用笔记下不会用英语表达的句子, 事后共同讨论、查阅字典或者直接向老师求助。这种方法非常实用, 直接关系到我们的语言表达能力, 通过这种不同寻常的练习找到自己的语言表达的弱点, 及时找出并改进。这有利于我们消除语言的障碍, 将英语语言融入到日常生活中, 更加勇敢地去接触这一门外语, 增强学习的兴趣, 达到有话敢说和会说的目的。

三、背———写

背诵是学习英语的一种重要方法, 它可以帮助学生掌握大量的英语基础知识, 提高学生的口头表达能力, 培养学生良好的英语语感。从而形成良好的英语思维模式, 避免中国式英语。所以, 学生要有意识地熟记并背诵教材中的对话、句型结构、习惯用语、固定搭配等, 这样可以开阔学生的知识视野, 丰富他们的知识积累。另外, 背诵一些谚语或者名言警句, 这样会使作文锦上添花, 更能得到读者的认可。其实, 背诵是学习知识过程中不可缺少的一个重要步骤。八年级的作文都是以每个单元的主题进行展开的, 学生们要背下本单元的相关表达句子。记清楚句子的构成以及描述的先后顺序, 背下课文和对话中的有用语句, 为自己在写作文时提供便利。比如, 在描绘一样事物需要用多个形容词时, 学生们必须要记清楚多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序 (“限定描绘大长高, 形状年龄和新老;颜色国籍跟材料, 作用类别往后靠。”eg.He loves that hungry tired sleepy little match girl.他爱那个饥饿疲劳困倦的卖火柴的小女孩。There is a big round red wooden Chinese table in the room.房间里有一张中国制造的木制红色大圆桌) 。通过记住固定的表达方式, 这样可以大大增加学生们动笔写作的自信心, 排除掉英语写作的最大心理障碍。

四、读———写

英语学习中, 阅读是输入, 写作是输出。英语的阅读和写作题材都是源于生活实践。文章都是由词到句, 由句到段, 由段到篇建构而成。所以, 学生们在阅读文章时, 一定要注意分析文章的词、句、段、篇的建构方式, 以及作者的思想和写作方法。阅读文章就是在欣赏他人的写作成果, 所以学生们要扩大自己的阅读量, 积累更多丰富的写作材料。努力学习并借鉴他人的写作长处来为我所用, 通过借鉴学会慢慢拓展自己的英语猎取范围。除了课本上的文章、对话外, 还可以阅读各种同级辅导资料上的文章, 以此来扩宽学习范围增加词汇和知识储备量, 帮助学生在写作时有话可说更要有话会说。

五、写———写

文章是由句子构成, 写好句子是写好文章的重要前提。在平时, 学生们要养成用英语表达一切所想的习惯, 比如写几个句子, 翻译几句话或是写日记等。八年级的学生们要逐渐养成用英语写日记的习惯, 这样可以促使自己不断地进行知识的索求与探寻。学生们在平时要积累更多的表达方式和写作素材并改进自己的写作方式, 这有助于在自主学习、探究学习的条件下提高自己的能力。

改写也是提高英语写作水平的有效方法, 这种方法对于八年级的学生们来说是最直接, 最有效的。学生们可以用按葫芦画瓢的方式进行模仿, 从句型结构, 篇章构造去体会写作。改写先从改写句子开始, 学生们可以从练习句型转换逐渐过渡到对短文的改写和缩写, 也包括将对话、图表的内容用短文的方式灵活地呈现出来。这种方法对学生的英语能力要求较高, 但对学生们的写作能力的提升有很大的促进作用。

6.如何搞好初中英语作文教学 篇六

一、初中英语作文教学的现状

师生对英语作文都比较重视。英语作文是英语学习的重要组成部分, 是考试分值比重较大的题型, 因此, 学好英语写作非常重要。这种重要性师生都清楚, 它不仅可以提高学生的英语作文写作能力, 而且可以提高学生对英语基础知识的掌握程度。这里的基础知识包括词汇、语法以及长句、短句的组织能力等, 并最终从整体上提高学生的英语综合能力。在现实的教学中, 师生对英语作文写作都比较重视, 愿意花费时间去练习, 但是由于缺乏必要的语言环境和中西方文化的差异等原因, 想要提高英语写作水平并不是一件容易的事情。

二、英语作文教学存在的问题

在现阶段的英语作文教学存在着一些问题。

1. 一些教师教学水平不高, 对英语作文认识不全面。

教师是课堂教学的组织者, 是向学生传授知识的直接执行者, 教师的教学水平直接影响着学生的学习水平, 如果教师业务熟练、知识丰富, 自然能传授给学生足够多的知识, 学生的学习起点就会很高, 反之则不然。因此, 要想学生的英语作文水平得到提升, 教师必须拥有较高的英语水平。但是现实中一些英语教师由于种种原因, 或学历较低, 或没有经验, 英语教学水平较低, 根本不能满足学生的学习需要。另外, 还有一些英语教师受应试教育的影响较大, 他们对英语作文教学认识不全面, 平常的英语写作练习只是为考试而准备的, 只关心考试的题型、出题方向等, 并向学生提供一些英语作文写作模板, 以便学生能在短时间内提高英语考试成绩。这样的教学方法使得学生的思维呆板、僵化, 只知道依赖模板, 没有自己的思维, 长此以往, 不利于学生能力的发展。

2. 英语作文教学方法与技巧不足。

“教学有法”说明好的教学方法和教学技巧能够帮助提升教学水平, 提高教学效率。相比较其他方面来说, 英语作文教学更需要教师具备高超的教学方法和技巧。但是, 在现实的教学实践中, 很多英语教师并不注重对作文教学方法和技巧的研究, 还是重复传统的教学方式, 如布置题目, 让学生进行大量的作文练习等。这样的教学方法已经不适应时代要求, 不符合新课程理念对学生的要求, 更不能有效提高学生的写作水平, 只能使学生陷入“题海战术”, 疲于应付, 最终丧失英语写作的信心和兴趣。

三、搞好英语作文教学的有效策略

1. 教师要更新教育观念, 正确认识英语作文教学。

应试教育下的一些教学观念已经不适应时代潮流, 是陈旧、落后的观念。因此, 初中英语教师要更新教育观念, 改变传统的应试教育对英语分数的重视, 而要注重提高学生的英语能力, 对于英语作文教学也要有全面、深刻、科学的认识, 英语作文教学不仅能够提高学生的英语成绩, 也能促进学生英语水平的提高, 最终提升学生的整体素质。因此, 初中英语教师在进行作文教学时不要因为提高学生的短期成绩而急功近利, 选取一些作文写作模板教给学生, 而是要将学生的短期需要和长期发展相结合, 激发学生的写作兴趣, 启迪学生的思维, 挖掘写作元素, 增加词汇的拥有量, 学好语法, 学会对长短句的逻辑排列与组织, 逐步掌握写作技巧和写作方法, 逐步提高学生英语作文水平。

2. 打好基础, 积累素材, 做好单项训练。

首先, 要打好写作基础, 做好单项训练。英语写作离不开词汇和语法两个重要的组成部分。如果写作是一座大厦, 那么词汇就是建筑中的砖瓦, 语法就是大厦的框架, 两者缺一不可。可以说, 基础知识是写作的基础, 教师必须要重视这个基础, 采取各种必要的方法和措施, 抓牢基础知识。在教学实践中, 对于每个单元的单词、词组、习惯用语和句型, 教师要组织学生进行默写和听写, 每个学生都要过关, 要求学生能牢牢掌握每单元的单词、词组、习惯用语及句型并且能灵活运用, 同时教师要多让学生应用学过的词句做相关的汉译英练习。在巩固所学内容的基础上让学生了解汉语和英语两种表达方式的异同, 提高学生英语思维和规范学生的英语表达能力。

学生要积累写作素材。“熟读唐诗三百首, 不会做诗也会吟。”做诗如此, 写英语作文也是如此。在教学实践中, 教师要通过多种方法、多种途径帮助学生进行语言积累, 鼓励学生阅读大量课外书, 将美句、美段经过分类, 摘抄在本子上, 这就为学生以后的写作奠定了坚实的基础。

3. 注重教学方法与教学技巧的运用。

好的教学方法能收到事半功倍的教学效果, 所以每个英语教师都必须要掌握一定的教学方法与教学技巧, 不仅要提升自身的教学水平, 发挥教师的课堂主导作用, 而且要尊重学生的主体地位, 从学生的学习需要出发, 选择合适的教学方法, 千方百计地激发学生的兴趣, 提高课堂教学效率。首先, 教师要加强对学生写作训练的辅导, 向学生介绍各种文体的特点以帮助学生掌握要领, 从而提高写作能力。如提示学生如何开头、展开、结尾, 段落的衔接过渡, 句子逻辑关系以及语法、修辞方法等。其次, 从学生身边的实际例子出发进行举例, 让学生通过熟悉的情境很快进入写作意境。再次, 批阅作文要及时, 并收集带有倾向性的错误, 做好归类, 在课堂上逐一讲解。最后, 教师在课下要多关心学生, 加强与学生的沟通与交流, 拉近师生之间的距离。

4. 英语教师要提升自身素质, 合理批阅、评价。

教师要想提高教学水平, 就必须要提升自身素质, 这是前提也是基础。只有教师自身的素质提高了, 才能更好地为学生“传道、授业、解惑”, 更好地为教学服务。因此, 对于学历不高、知识不丰富的教师而言, 一定要在坚持教学的同时不断进修、学习, 充实自己, 提升自身的英语素质。年轻教师要多实践、多学习, 不断总结, 以老教师的经验弥补自己教学经验不足的问题等。这样就能提高教师的教学水平和整体素质, 为教育教学水平的提高奠定了基础。