寒假--被动语态

寒假--被动语态（10篇）

1.寒假--被动语态 篇一

动词被动语态

一、用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空

1.When _____ the first man-made satellite _______（send）up into space ?

2.Last year vegetables ______（grow）in the garden by Tom and he ______（sell）

them himself.3.She ______（help）him with his homework tomorrow evening.4.How many magazines ______（can borrow）in your library every week ?

5.John ______（hear）to go upstairs two hours ago.6.－Who ______（save）her father ?

－He ______（save）by that policeman.7.The doctor ______（send for）because his grandpa was ill.8.Mooncakes ______（make）by his mother every year.______ your mother _____（make）mooncakes for you every year ?

9.Some toys ______（buy）as a presents for these children last Monday.10._____ paper ______（make）of wood ?

11.I began ___________（educate）when I was six.12.I don’t imagine you’ll refuse ___________（promote）, will you?

13.They allowed him __________（admit）.14.You car engine sounds dreadful.You ought to have it ___________.（look at）

15.These days, even the most remote place area on earth ___________（visit）by tourists.Package tours ___________（can arrange）for almost anywhere, from the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉)and the Amazonian jungle(亚马逊雨林).二、把下列句子改成被动语态They owe a lot of money to the bank.______________________________________________________________ 2 The scientists have proved that there is no life on the moon.______________________________________________________________ 3 You can buy videos like this one anywhere.______________________________________________________________ 4 Someone has to write the history of the European Community one day.______________________________________________________________ 5 Someone may have already written the history of the European Community.______________________________________________________________When we arrived home, we found that someone had broken one of our windows.1

______________________________________________________________ 7 The Greens have sold their car to pay their debts.______________________________________________________________ 8 They hold a meeting in the village hall once a week.______________________________________________________________ 9 The investors are building a new supermarket near the cinema.______________________________________________________________ 10 They are taking the refugees to a camp outside the village

______________________________________________________________

三、改错

1.After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment damaged.2.I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all finished.3.More patients had been treated in hospital this year than last year.4.The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945，and their power is increased enormously ever since.5.According to the art dealer, the painting expected to go for at least a million dollars.6.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only to tell the film stars had left.7.When comparing with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.8.The flu is believed being caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.9.When first being introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.10.Hundreds of jobs will lose if the factory closes.11.A new cinema is built here.They hope to finish it next month.12.Rainforests had been cut and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in near future.13.The story was happened in London.四、汉译英。

1.这种裙子到处都看得到。

This style of dress _________ ________ ________ everywhere.2.窗子已经关了。

The windows _________ _________ __________.3.我认为青少年应该多做运动。

I think teenagers _________ _________ __________ ________

4.昨天有人听到你因为没考好哭了。

You ________ ________ _____ yesterday because you failed the exam.5.运动会将在下周召开。

The sports meeting _________ _________ _______ next week.这座宫殿建于1875年。

The palace ___________ _________ __________ 1875.足球将比赛什么时候举行？

When __________ the football game __________ __________?你应该自己做家庭作业。

Your homework _________ _________ _________ by _________.9这本书肯定是韩寒写的The book _________ ________ __________ ________ Han Han.说汉语的人最多。

Chinese _________ _________ _________ most people in the world.据说，她能说几种外国语。

_________________________________________________________________ 12 这个问题明天上午讨论吗？

_________________________________________________________________ 13 必须指出台湾问题是中国的内政（internal affairs）

_________________________________________________________________

五、语法填空

HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES

Lord Manners was a rich and famous banker.When he 1__________(die)recently, he 2__________(give)a magnificent funeral which 3__________(attend)by hundreds of famous people.The funeral was going to 4__________(hold)in Westminster Abby.Many ordinary people 5__________(line)the streets to watch the procession.The wonderful black and gold carriage 6__________(draw)by six black horses.The mourners 7__________(follow)in silence.Lord Manners8___________(given)a royal farewell.Tow tramps were among the crowd.They 9__________(watch)the procession with amazement.As solemn music 10_________(could hear)in the distance, one of them 11_________(turn)to the other and 12_________（whisper）

3admiration，’Now that’s what I call really living!’

六、完形填空

FISHY TALES

Mermaids（美人鱼）1_____by sailors for centuries.The basis of all mermaid myths 2_____ to be a creature called a Manatee: a kind of walrus!Mermaids used 3_____ in funfairs until recently.It all began in 1817 when a ‘mermaid’ 4_____ for $6,000 by a sailor in the South Pacific.She was eventually sold to the great circus owner Barnum.She 5_____in 1842 as ‘the Feejee Mermaid’.It 6_____that she earned Barnum $ 1,000 a week!The thousands who saw this mermaid must 7_____.She 8_____ by a Japanese fisherman.A monkey’s head had been delicately（精美地）sewn(缝)to the tail（燕尾服）of a large salmon.The job 9_____ that the join between the fish and the monkey was invisible.Real imagination must 10_____ to see this revolting creature as a beautiful mermaid combing her golden hair.1.A.had been seenB.saw

C.have been seenD.was saw

2.A.supposeB.is supposed

C.had supposedD.have been supposed

3.A.to be shownB.to show

C.shownD.being shown

4.A.has been boughtB.bought

C.had been boughtD.was bought

5.A.has been exhibitedB.was exhibited

C.had been exhibitedD.exhibited

6.A.was saidB.said

C.has been saidD.had said

7.A.had been disappointedB.disappointed

C.have been disappointedD.were disappointed

8.A.was cleverly madeB.have been cleverly made

C.is cleverly madeD.was being cleverly made

9.A.was being so skillful doneB.have been so skillful done

C.is so skillful doneD.had been so skillful done

10.A.have requiredB.have been required

C.be requiredD.require

2.寒假--被动语态 篇二

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.例如, 我们常说“我们说英语”或“英语被我们讲”, 前者是主动语态, 后者是被动语态.为什么要用被动语态来表达呢?当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或没必要指出谁是动作的执行者, 或需要强调动作的承受者, 而不是执行者时, 都要用被动语态.要想知道主动语态如何变成被动语态, 首先需要了解每一种时态的主动结构, 在此基础上, 再转化被动语态.

让我们先看一个例子:

例Many people speak English.

English is spoken by many people.

通过上面的例子我们可以看出, 把主动语态的宾语 (English) 变成被动语态的主语 (English) , 主动语态的谓语 (speak) 变成被动语态的谓语 (is spoken) , 主动语态的主语 (many people) 变成by的宾语, 组成介词短语, 放在被动语态中谓语之后.如果动作的执行者无需说明或不必强调时, by短语可省略.

被动语态的核心部分就是谓语, 即be+V.pp.在不同的时态中, be的形式不同.下面我们就分别看看不同时态的被动语态的构成.在一般现在时中, be的三种形式is, am, are, 所以一般现在时的被动语态就是is/am/are+V.pp.在一般过去时中, be有两种形式was和were, 所以一般过去时的被动就是was/were+V.pp.

例 (1) Colour TVs are sold at the shop.

(2) This kind of paper is made in our country.

(3) The book was bought by my father yesterday.

(4) I was given some books by my father last week.

(5) Some books were given to me by my father last week.

知道be+V.pp是被动语态的核心部分, 其他各种时态的被动语态都会迎刃而解.例如现在进行时的被动是is/am/are being+V.pp.一般将来时的被动就是will/shall be+V.pp.现在完成时的被动即have/has been+V.pp.情态动词的被动也遵循这一规则, 即情态动词+be+V.pp.动词不定式的被动即to be+V.pp下面通过实例来看各种形式的被动语态.

例 (6) The song is being sung by the singer.

(7) A new school will be opened by us in our hometown next year.

(8) A lot of buildings have been put up by them in Jiangxi.

(9) The homework should be finished in 2 hours.

(10) The homework has to be written now.

主动语态变被动语态时, 有几点需要大家注意.

一、在含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态时, 若将直接宾语作为被动语态的主语, 必须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加to或for.如上面的例 (5) .

二、含有复合宾语的主动语态变被动语态时, 只能将宾语改为主语, 原宾语补足语变成主语补足语, 位置不变.如宾语补足语是由不带to的动词不定式充当时, 改为被动语态后, 动词不定式前必须加上to.

例 (11) They must name the baby Tom.

The baby must be named Tom (by them) .

(12) I often see him read English.

He is often seen to read English (by me) .

(13) The news made him jump excitedly.

He was made to jump excitedly (by the news) .

三、不及物动词加介词或副词构成及物动词短语, 变被动语态时, 把这一短语作为一整体来看待, 不能分开.

例 (14) The old should be taken good care of.

(15) The story is being listened to by the students.

在下列情况下的主动语态不能变被动语态:

1) 表示静止的及物动词不能变被动语态, 如have (有) , fit (适合) , cost, hold (容纳) 等.

例 (16) I have a radio.

(17) The room can hold 200 people.

2) 表示变化性的系动词无被动语态, 如become, turn, get, grow, look等.

例 (18) The leaves turn yellow in autumn.

3) 直接宾语是反身代词或相互代词 (each other) 不能变被动语态.

例 (19) I can look after myself well.

(20) We often learn from each other.

4) 如果宾语是从句时, 不能变被动语态.

例 (21) I hope he will be back in an hour.

5) 当主动句的宾语前, 有指主语的物主代词时, 不能变被动语态.

例 (22) The boy cut his hand.

6) 当主动句的宾语是动名词或动词不定式时, 不能变被动语态.

例 (23) Have you finished reading the book?

(24) He began to read the newspaper.

在中学阶段, 还会接触到两个用主动表被动的特例:

need/require/want doing (需要被做) =need/require/want to be done

be worth doing值得做

例 (25) The flowers need watering.

=The flowers need to be watered.

这些花需要 (被) 浇水了.

例 (26) The film is worth seeing.

这部电影值得 (被) 一看.

3.被动语态例析 篇三

1. —How clean and tidy your classroom is!

—Thank you. It_________every day.

A. is cleanedB. was cleaned

C. was cleaningD. is cleaning

2. Today computers_________on both cities and towns.

A. were usingB. are usedC. were usedD. are using

3. —Mum, may I go out to play football this afternoon?

—You can if your homework .

A. is doneB. will do

C. has doneD. will be done

解析:一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are +及物动词的过去分词”构成｡注意:在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中,要用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态｡

4. None of them knew about the plan because it_________a secret.

A. keptB. keepsC. is keptD. was kept

5. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he_________to the hospital.

A. takesB. is takenC. tookD. was taken

6. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it_________?

A. builtB. was built

C. has builtD. has been built

7. —Did Jack come to our party yesterday?

—No, he_________.

A. wasn’t invitedB. didn’t invite

C. isn’t invitedD. hasn’t invited

解析:一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were + 及物动词的过去分词”构成｡注意:从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致;另外,应从语境入手,确定时态的选用｡

8. —How often_________your school sports meeting_________?

—Once a year.

A. does; holdB. was; holdC. is; heldD. did; held

9. —When_________the People’s Republic of China_________?

—On October 1, 1949.

A. did; foundB. was; founded

C. did; foundedD. was; found

解析:特殊疑问句的被动语态由“特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句的被动语态”构成｡

注意:1) 如主动语态句子中的主语是疑问词 who,变为被动语态时,可用 By whom 引起特殊疑问句｡如将 by 置于句末,则句首既可用 whom,也可用 who｡ 例如:

Who bought this house?→Whom/Who was this house bought by?/By whom was this house bought?

2) 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句要用陈述句被动语态语序｡例如:

Do you know what_________?

A. it callsB. does it callC. is it calledD. it is called

10. The television_________. It doesn’t work now.

A. must repairB. has repaired

C. must be repairedD. can be repairing

11. I think high school students should_________pocket money.

A. be givingB. have given

C. giveD. be given

解析:含情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成｡常见的情态动词有 can, may, must, should 等｡

12. Mr John’s story_________by everyone who heard it.

A. laughed atB. was laughed

C. laughedD. was laughed at

13. The children without parents_________by their teachers in this special school.

A. take good care ofB. are taken good care of

C. are taken good careD. take good care

解析:有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词,其后可以接宾语,因此它们也有被动语态｡但短语动词是个不可分割的整体,其中的介词或副词不可丢掉｡例如:

A short play will be put on for the English evening. 英语晚会上将上演小品｡

Old people should be looked after very well. 老年人应该得到很好的照顾｡

14. A beautiful picture_________the children by her just now.

A. was drawn forB. was drawn to

C. is drawnD. was drawn

解析:有些及物动词后面可以跟双宾语,即间接宾语(指人的宾语)和直接宾语(指物的宾语)｡在被动语态中,如果指物的直接宾语作主语,在指人的间接宾语前须加上介词 to(谓语动词多为 pass, show, give, teach, send, write, bring 等)或加上介词 for(谓语动词多为 buy, draw, make, keep 等)｡例如:

A beautiful present was given to me by my uncle yesterday. 昨天我叔叔送给我一件漂亮的礼物｡

A new school-bag was bought for me by my mother last week. 上星期我母亲给我买了一个新书包｡

15. She_________work for sixteen hours a day in the past.

A. was madeB. was made to

B. made toD. is made

解析: make, see, hear 等使役动词和感官动词后面常跟复合宾语,在主动语态中作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带 to, 但变为被动语态时,动词不定式成了主语补足语,这时动词不定式需要带 to｡例如:

They were seen to go into the room. 有人看见他们进了房间｡

He was heard to sing in the next room. 人们听见他在隔壁的房间里唱歌｡

16. —What’s wrong with the orange?

—It_________terrible.

A. is tastingB. is tastedC. tastesD. tasted

17. What_________to her yesterday evening?

A. was happenedB. happenedC. happeningD. happen

18. I like this silk dress, and it_________soft and comfortable.

A. is feelingB. feelsC. has feltD. is felt

解析:1) look, smell, taste, feel, sound 等表示感觉的连系动词的主动形式表达被动意义｡例如:

It smells terrible. 它发出难闻的气味｡

The gun sounded much closer. 枪声听起来更近了｡

She looks very beautiful today. 今天她看上去很漂亮｡

2) happen, last, fall, appear 等不及物动词没有被动语态｡例如:

The film lasted for three hours. 那部电影持续演了三个小时｡

My sister appeared on TV yesterday evening. 昨晚我妹妹上了电视｡

3) wash, sell, wear, open, write 等动词,可以用主动形式表达被动意义,对于这样的一些习惯用法应特别引起我们的注意｡例如:

This kind of cloth washes very easily. 这种布很容易洗｡

The product sells well.这种产品很畅销｡

This cloth wears badly. 这布不耐穿｡

This ball-pen writes wonderfully. 这支圆珠笔好写｡

4.被动语态教学设计 篇四

The Passive Voice 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态教学设计

汕头市第六中学 陈婉霞

<1>教学内容分析：本节微课是以新目标英语九年级Units 5-6两个单元的知识点为教学内容。在简要分析了主动语态与被动语态的区别后，进而分析一般现在时与一般过去时两种时态下的被动语态的异同点，最后通过填空题和改错题，讲练结合来巩固所学知识点。<2>教学重难点：1）主动语态变被动语态时主语的变化； 2）主动语态变被动语态时be动词的变化； 3）被动语态中动词过去分词的正确使用； 4）含不同时态的被动语态的句子的辨析。<3>教学步骤： Step 1 Lead-in 引导学习者观察并总结四组句子。（句子设置的规律：每组的第一句都是主动语态形式的句子，而第二句都是改成了相应的被动语态句子。四组间，A,B两组是含一般现在时的句子，C,D组是含一般过去时的句子。）Step 2 Presentation 在给予学习者足够的时间思考之后，开始归纳总结主动语态如何变成相应的被动语态句子。然后，再引导观察各组句子中因使用不同的时间状语，而构成不同时态的被动语态的规律，最后再结合图示，进行本节微课的重难点总结。Step 3 Exercise 在全面归纳总结知识点之后，引导学习者完成填写不规则动词的过去分词的填空练习，以及被动语态易错考点的改错训练（每题给予三分钟解题时间），进而巩固今天所学知识。

5.学习被动语态“六注意” 篇五

一、没有被动语态的及物动词

英语中, 并非所有及物动词都有被动语态。不能用于被动语态的及物动词常见的有:have有, wish希望, prefer宁愿, cost价值为, own拥有, suit使 (服装) 合身, fit适合, 中……的意, 等等。例如:

Wehavefourclasses inthe morning.我们上午上四节课。

This sweater costs 50 dollars.这件毛衣价值为50美元。

Many families own computers now.许多家庭现在都有电脑。

The coat suits me well.这件大衣正合身。

The key fits the lock.这把钥匙能开这把锁。

二、情态动词的被动语态

情态动词被动语态的构成是:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。常见的情态动词有:can/could/may/might/must/should等。例如:

Water can be turn into ice.水能变成冰。

Yesterday’s homework must be handed in at once.昨天的家庭作业必须马上交上来。

An article should be used here.这里应该使用冠词。

三、短语动词的被动语态

短语动词改为被动语态时, 相当于及物动词, 变为被动语态时不能分开使用。例如:

We an English play in the school hall.→An English play was in the school hall.

They the children in this school.

The children are in this school.

并非所有的短语都有被动语态。不能用于被动语态的短语动词常见的有:belong to属于, agree with意见一致, take place发生, take part in参加, break down发生故障, break out战争、疾病爆发, 等等。例如:

He this school.他是这个学校的学生。

Great changes have in my hometown.我的家乡发生了很大的变化。

The car on my way to the city.小轿车在我去城里的路上出了故障。

The First War of the World in 1914.第一次世界大战是在1914年爆发的。

四、双宾语的被动语态

把带双宾语的主动句改为被动语态时, 通常把指人的间接宾语改为被动语态的主语, 保留指物的直接宾语。例如:

He often tells us stories.他经常给我们讲故事。

→We are often told stories by him.

→Stories are often told us by him.

如果用指物的宾语作被动语态的主语时, 通常在指人的宾语前加介词to或for, 与to搭配的动词常见的有:give, show, bring, lend, send等;与for搭配的动词常见的有:buy, make, draw等。例如:

He gave me a book.他给我一本书。

→A book was given by him. (强调book)

→I was given a book by him. (强调I)

She showed me her photo.她把她的照片给我看了看。

→Her photo was showed .

Mother made me a big cake.妈妈给我做了一块大蛋糕。

→A big cake was made by my mother.

五、带宾语补足语的被动语态

含宾语补足语的句子, 宾语改为被动语态的主语后, 宾语补足语作为主语补足语, 原来的位置不变。例如:

People keep food and vegetables cold in the fridge.人们用冰箱使食物和蔬菜保鲜。

→Food and vegetables are kept cold in the fridge.

以下几种情况同学们必须注意:

A.动词不定式作宾语补足语时, 有的带to, 有的不带to。改为被动语态时, 不带to的不定式必须加上to。常见的及物动词有:see, watch, make, hear等。例如:

I saw him walk in the street.我看见他在街道上散步的。

→He was seen in the street by me.

B.动词等后面跟复合宾语时, 改为被动句时, 有两种形式。例如:

I know him to be honest.我知道他是诚实的。

→He is known to be honest.

→It is known that he is honest.

We thought him to be a clever boy.我们认为他是一个聪明的孩子。

→He was thought to be a clever boy.

→It was thought that he was a clever boy.

C.动词want, like, help等后面跟复合宾语时, 主动句不能改为被动句。例如:

I want you to go with me.我想要你和我一起去。

He often helps me to do my lessons.他经常帮我做功课。

六、主动形式被动意义

英语中, 有些动词, 形式上是主动结构, 意义上却相当于被动结构。例如:

This kind of clothes washes very well.这种衣服很耐洗。

This pen writes quite smoothly.这钢笔写起来很流畅。

I paid all that was owing.所欠的钱我都还了。

温馨提醒:在动词need, require, want等后面跟动名词作宾语时, 表示被动意义。例如:

Your coat needs washing (=to be washed) .你的外衣需要洗一洗。

Those rooms require cleaning (=to be cleaned) .那些房间需要打扫。

[中考链接]

1.This kind of food ______ cool, clean, and dry according to the instructions.

(2006年天津市)

A.should be carried

B.must be put

C.should be placed

D.must be kept

2.Teenagers should __ to choose their own clothes. (2006年吉林省)

A.allow B.to allow

C.be allowed D.allowed

3.Last weekend an English short play was ___ in the school hall.

(2004年南京市)

A.put in B.put down

C.put on D.put up

4.Our sports meeting has been __ till next Monday because of the bad weather.

(2006年福建省莆田市)

A.put on B.put up

C.put off D.put down

5.The girls were asked __ go out at night. (2005年湖北省武汉市)

A.to not B.not C.not to

6.The children ate up all the apples. (改为被动语态)

All the apples __ __ __by the children. (2004年重庆市)

7.I saw him go into the house a moment ago. (改为被动语态) ___.

(2006年江苏省宿迁市)

8.You mustn’t smoke here in the concert hall. (同义句)

Smoking ___ not ___ here in the concert hall.

(2003年广东省)

6.“直播”被动语态 篇六

一、被动语态的构成：

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be表现出来的。现在让我们来看一下几种时态的被动语态。

1．一般现在时态：助动词be的现在式(is / am / are) +过去分词。例如：

Children often sing the song. → The song is often sung by children.

2．一般过去时态：助动词be的过去式(was / were) + 过去分词。例如：

A policeman saved him. → He was saved by a policeman.

3．一般将来时态：will / shall + be（原形）+ 过去分词。例如：

They will take her to the hospital. → She will be taken to the hospital.

4．现在完成时态：have / has + been +过去分词。例如：

He has cleaned the classroom. → The classroom has been cleaned by him.

5．现在进行时态：助动词be的现在式（is / am / are）+ being + 过去分词。例如：

The workers are mending an old machine.

→ An old machine is being mended by the workers.

6．含情态动词的：can / may / must + be + 过去分词。例如：

He can finish his homework in an hour.

→ His homework can be finished in an hour.

二、被动语态的使用场合：

1．不知道或找不到动作执行者是谁时，常用被动语态。例如：

You are wanted on the phone.

有你的电话。（不知道是谁给你打的电话）

These books are written for children.

这些书是为孩子们写的。（谁写的不知道）

My bike was stolen.

我的自行车被盗了。（不知道被谁偷走了）

2．当动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时，常用被动语态。例如：

Not a book in the library has been taken away.

图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。（泛指任何人）

China was liberated in 1949.

1949年中国解放了。（不言而喻是中国共产党解放的）

3．出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时，常用被动语态。例如：

You are wished to do it more carefully.

希望你更认真一点儿做。

4．当汉语中的“被”“由”等词译成英语时，多用被动语态。例如：

Peter is asked to come by Jackson.

彼特是被杰克逊叫来的。

三、主动语态变被动语态：

主动语态变成被动语态时，是先把主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语，再将主动语态的谓语动词变为“be + 该动词的过去分词”，然后主动语态里的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在谓语动词后面（如果不强调动作的执行者，by短语常省略），其它成分不变。例如：

They grow tea in the southeast of China.(主动语态)

→ Tea is grown by them in the southeast of China. (被动语态)

四、主动语态变被动语态时应注意以下几点：

1．在主动语态中，make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等词后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补，在变成被动语态时，必须还原动词不定式符号to。例如：

A girl saw my pen drop when she passed by.

→ My pen was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.

2．带双宾语的动词give, send, teach, lend, pass等在变为被动语态时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变。例如：

He gave me a book yesterday. → I was given a book by him yesterday.

如果要把指“物”的宾语变为主语，则在动词后要加介词，如上句可改为：A book was given to me by him yesterday.

3．如果主动语态中的谓语动词是一些相当于及物动词的动词短语，变为被动语态时动词短语中的介词或副词不可以丢掉。例如：

We can take good care of your children.

→ Your children can be taken good care of by us.

【练一练】

Ⅰ. 用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. It’s said that the long bridge ________ (build) up in two months.

2. This song _______ (write) long before I was born!

3. Which language _______ most widely ________ (speak) in the world?

4. My computer ________ (not break) down so far.

5. At that time a large number of trees _________ (cut) down.

6. Our old house ________ (pull) down so that they could build a motorway.

Ⅱ. 按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。

1. The soldiers killed over 50 people. (改为同义句)

Over 50 people ________ ________ by the soldiers.

2. Three quarters of books are written in English. (改为一般疑问句)

________ three quarters of books ________ in English?

3. Jim took good care of the baby yesterday evening. (改为同义句)

The baby _______ ______ ________ ________ _______ by Jim yesterday evening.

4. She was seen to come out of the library by him. (改为同义句)

He ________ _______ ________ _________ of the library.

5. How much did they pay you? (改为同义句)

How much _________ you ________?

Key: Ⅰ. 1. will be built2. was written3. is, spoken 4. hasn’t been broken 5. were cut6. was pulled

7.寒假--被动语态 篇七

[知识概要]

一、语态概述

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。

例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)

The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught

一般过去时：was／were＋taught

一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught

现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught

过去进行时：have／has been＋taught

现在完成时：have／has been＋taught

歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

三、被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)

This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are madeby themin the factory.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。

五、含有情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。

歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：

We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.You ought to take it away.It ought to be taken away.They should do it at once.It should be done at once [历年考点例析]

一、考查要点：

主要考查一般现在时，一般过去时以及一般现在时带有情态动词的被动语态的用法。例如：

1.Today Chinese _____by more and more people around the world.A.was spoken B.is spoken C.spoke D.speak

（北京市大纲卷）

2.-What should we do first if we want to develop our village？

-A lot of new roads _____，I think.A.have to build B.must build C.have built D.must be built

（湖北黄冈）

（Key：1.B 2.D）

简析：被动语态的句子是由“助动词be＋动词的过去分词”这一形式构成的。过去分词永远不变，所有的变化即人称、数、时态的变化，都体现在助动词be的变化上。

二、特殊情况：

（一）在没有必要指出动作的执行者时，“by＋动作的执行者”可以省略。

1.I won’t leave my office until my work.A.finish B.will finish C.are finished D.is finished

（江苏南通）

简析：D.动作的执行者很明确，可以省略。

（二）不知道动作的执行者是谁，使用被动语态比较适宜。

2.Dad，the phone is ringing.I guess either you or Mum_____on the phone.A.is wanted B.are wanted C.wants D.want

（江苏宿迁）

简析：A.不清楚动作的执行者，用被动语态。

（三）用于被动语态的短语动词不可丢掉动词后面的介词或副词。

3.Students can’t take magazines out of the reading-room.（改为被动语态）

Magazines can’t _____ the reading-room by students.（重庆市）

简析：填be taken out of.take out of为短语动词，变为被动语态后，不要漏掉out of.（四）带双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，常有两种方法：把主动语态的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前通常加介词to或for；或把主动语态的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不变。

4.My uncle sent me a Christmas present last year.（改为被动语态）

A Christmas present _____ to me by my uncle last year.（重庆市）

简析：填was sent.三、补充说明：

（一）一般将来时的被动语态

1.The village is building a school.I hope it _____ before August this year.A.finishes B.will finish C.is finished D.will be finished

（江西省大纲卷）

简析：D.一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will/shall＋be＋及物动词的过去分词。

（二）现在完成时的被动语态

2.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang _____ Goodwill Ambassadors（亲善大使）for Shanghai.A.has been named B.have been named

C.has named D.have named

（江苏徐州）

简析：B.现在完成时的被动语态的结构为：have/has been＋及物动词的过去分词。[注意事项]

1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：

last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine , 2.不及物动词是没有被动语态： happen ,take place ,appear , hold(容纳)3.系动词是没有被动语态：

Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ….The dish tastes good.4.有些词组没有被动语态：

8.印尼语被动语态常见错误分析 篇八

印尼语被动语态常见错误分析

印尼语被动语态的掌握和运用易发生错误,每一届学生每门课程作业中多多少少都存在着这一问题.而印尼语被动语态使用较主动语态更为频繁,尤其是书面语,所以正确掌握和使用这一语法点是最基本的`要求.笔者在对学生该语法点使用错误的预料进行分析对比后得出结论:这一语法点不易掌握不光是受母语语法的影响和干扰,也受先前所学的第一外语即英语语法的影响和干扰.

作 者：朱刚琴 作者单位：广东外语外贸大学东语学院刊 名：科技信息(学术版)英文刊名：SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION年，卷(期)：“”(35)分类号：H3关键词：被动语态 常见错误

9.被动语态用法小结 篇九

学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况下需要使用被动语态。

1. 说话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者（这时可省略by短语）。

例如：His computer was stolen last week. 他的电脑上星期被偷了。

2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。

例如：Peter was given half an hour to decide whether he would accept the offer. 皮特被给了一个小时的时间决定是否接受这个提议。

3. 为了更好地安排句子。

例如：The singer got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. 這位歌星上了公交车，立刻就被人们认了出来。（一个主语就够了）

4. 用于It is said that从句及其他类似句型。

例如：It is said that the girl has passed the exam. = The girl is said to have passed the exam. 据说那个女孩通过了那场考试。

二、 被动语态的构成

被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，be动词随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态如下：

一般现在时am/is/are+done

现在完成时has/have been done

现在进行时am/is/are being done

一般过去时was/were done

过去完成时had been done

过去进行时was/were being done

一般将来时shall/will be done

过去将来时should/would be done

在主动语态中，“情态动词+动词原形”作谓语，其被动形式为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。

三、主动语态变被动语态的一般规律

1. 通常的办法是：将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语，将主动结构中的谓语动词变为“be+动词的过去分词”形式，将主动结构中的主语变为介词by的宾语（若动作的执行者没有必要说明则可以省略该by 短语）。

例如：My father planted the tree last year.→The tree was planted by my father last year.

Workers made the cars in Shanghai. →The cars were made in Shanghai.

2. 将含有复合宾语的句子变为被动语态时，应将宾语变为被动结构的主语，而宾语补足语则留在原处成为主语补足语。

例如：The old man painted the bed white yesterday. →The bed was painted white yesterday.

表示“使，让”的动词make, have等，以及感官动词see, feel, hear等，在主动语态中，接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，动词不定式前的to要省略，而变为被动语态时，成为主语补足语的动词不定式必须带to。

例如：I hear her sing in the classroom. →She was heard to sing in the classroom.

3. 带双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，既可将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，而在间接宾语前加to或for将其留在动词之后；也可将间接宾语变为被动结构的主语，而直接宾语留在动词之后。

例如：My mother gave me the schoolbag last week. →The schoolbag was given to me last week./I was given the schoolbag last week.

一般来说，间接宾语前带to的动词有bring, give, lend, pass, post, send, show, take, tell, write 等；间接宾语前带for 的动词有book, buy, call, cook, do, get, make, save等。

4. 动词say, believe, consider, expect, know, report, suppose, think等的被动语态常有两种结构形式。

例如：Henry was said to get hurt in the car accident. = It was said that Henry got hurt in the car accident.

5. 短语动词变被动语态时，短语动词后面的介词或副词不能省略。

例如：The student’s plan was laughed at by others. 这个学生的计划被其他人笑话了。

四、 主动语态表被动含义的几种情况

1. 英语中有很多动词，如sell, write, read, open, lock, shut, wear, wash, cut, burn 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动含义，主语通常是物。

例如：This kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很好洗。

【注意】主动语态表示被动含义强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较：The door won’t lock.（指门本身有毛病）

nlc202309030347

The door won’t be locked.（指不会有人来锁门,“门没有锁”是人的原因）

2. 有些不及物动词和不及物动词短语，如happen, appear, last, take place, break out, come out, come true, run out, give out, turn out等用主动形式表示被動含义。

例如：Our money has run out. 我们的钱用光了。

3. 系动词没有被动形式，其中有些感官动词如feel, sound, taste, smell等在主系表结构中常用主动形式表示被动含义。

例如：Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很有道理。

4. 动词不定式to blame, to let等用作表语时，通常要用主动形式表示被动含义。

例如：The house at the corner of the street is to let. 街角的那栋房子待租。

5. 某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的动词不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动含义。

例如：The book is difficult to under-stand. 这本书很难理解。

【注意】这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后动词不定式的逻辑宾语，按理说其中的动词不定式要用被动形式，但习惯上却要用主动形式表示被动含义。这类形容词常见的有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe等。

6. 动词不定式用于某些动词（如have, get, want, need等）的宾语后作定语时，如果动词不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，通常用主动形式表示被动含义。

例如：Do you have time to help us？你有时间帮助我们吗？

【注意】若动词不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被动形式。

试比较：I have something to type.（指自己打字）

I have something to be typed.（指请人打字）

10.英语中的被动语态 篇十

一、被动语态的用法

(一) 把句子的重点放在事件本身而不必提到施动者时, 常用被动语态。

More than 60 thousand people were killed in the earthquake in Wenchuan.在汶川地震中, 有6万多人丧生。

(二) 由于不知道施动者是谁, 或没有必要指出施动者是谁时, 可用被动语态。

My father was operated on last night.我父亲昨晚动了手术。

(三) 用于“据说”、“据信”、“据报道”、“众所周知”等句式。

It is known to all that Taiwan is part of Chi-na.众所周知, 台湾是中国的一部分。

二、被动语态的几个注意点

(一) 被动语态与过去分词短语的用法比较。

在英语中过去分词短语作定语, 往往是一种重要的语法现象。它与被动语态极易混淆。

(1) —What are you reading?你在看什么?

—A book written by Lu Xun.一本鲁迅写的书。

(2) The book was written by Lu Xun.这本书是鲁迅写的。

句 (1) 中, written by Lu Xun是过去分词作定语, 修饰先行词a book。

句 (2) 中表达被动语态, 表示书是由鲁迅写的。

(二) 词组动词的被动语态。

词组动词的被动语态, 要注意动词词组后面的介词不能省略。

The elderly should be looked after well.我们应当照顾好老人。

The patient is being operated on in the next room.病人正在隔壁的房间接受手术。

(三) 双宾语的被动语态。

主动句是S+V+IO+DO结构时, 换成被动语态, 可有两种形式, 一种是间接宾语 (IO) 作主语, 另一种是直接宾语 (DO) 作主语。

Father gave me a toy at Christmas.在圣诞节, 父亲给了我一个玩具。

(1) I was given a toy at Christmas.

(2) A toy was given to me at Christmas.

句 (1) 中, 以间接宾语作主语, 遵循主动句改被动句的原则。

句 (2) 中, 以直接宾语作主语, 则在句中加了to, 有时还可以加for。如:A picture book was bought for me.一本图画书给我。

(四) 使役动词和感官动词的被动语态。

这两类动词的被动语态比较特殊, 使役动词包括let, have, make等, 感官动词包括feel, see, watch, hear等。这些动词后的宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式时, 它们的被动语态要再加上to。

The boss made his workers work for over 12hours a day.→His workers were made forover 12 hours a day by the boss.老板强迫工人们每天工作12个小时以上。

三、无被动语态的动词

无被动语态的动词往往是不及物动词, 常见的可分为以下几类:

(一) 表示“发生”的动词——happen, take place。

The accident happened on a cold night.事故发生在一个寒冷的晚上。

(二) 表示“开始”, “结束”的词——begin, start, fin-ish, over。

In spring, everything begins to grow.春天, 万物开始生长。

(三) 表示“出现”, “消失”的词——appear, disappear, come out。

The sun disappeared behind black clouds.太阳消失在乌云的后面。

(四) 表示事物本身性质的短语——sell well, grow well, wash well, write well。

His novel sells well.他的小说很畅销。

(五) 表示感觉的动词——feel, smell, taste。