五种基本句型教案

2024-07-26

五种基本句型教案(7篇)

1.五种基本句型教案 篇一

英语五种基本句型小结

山东枣庄qazxswzxz1010 根据句子的基本结构,英语句子可简单的分为以下五种:

一、主语+谓语(S + V)

“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分,后面不能跟宾语,但可以跟状语。

e.g.He cooks.他烧饭。

They are drinking.他们正在喝东西。He runs in the park.他在公园里跑步。

二、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语(S + V + O)

在这种句型中,谓语动词是及物动词。后面可以直接跟宾语。宾语一般是由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等来充当。e.g.She made cakes.她做了蛋糕。

They are eating meat.他们正在吃肉。She likes reading.她喜欢读书。I want to sleep.我想睡觉。

三、主语 + 系动词 + 表语(S + V + P)

常见的系动词有以下几种:

1.be动词(am / is / are / was / were / been)2.四变: get / become / turn / go 3.感官动词: look / feel / taste / sound / smell 4.另外还有keep, remain等都可以作为系动词。

表语一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、数词、动词不定式等来承担。

e.g.We are students.我们是学生。

The days get longer and longer.白天变得越来越长。The food goes bad.食物变质了。He seems worried.他似乎很着急。You must keep healthy.你必须保持健康。Tom is in China now.汤姆现在在中国。

四、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S + V + InO+ DO)

这种结构就是我们所说的双宾语。其中前一个宾语指人,称为间接宾语,一般放在直接宾语的前面,也可以放在直接宾语后面,但要用介词to 或for 隔开。后一个是直接宾语,一般指物。

1.与to连用的动词有give, pass, bring, send, tell, teach, take, show 等, to一般表示方向。

e.g.Please show me the photos.(=Please show the photos to me.)请让我看看那些照片。

I gave him a book.(=I gave a book to him.)我把书给了他。

2.与for 连用的动词有buy, get, find, cook, make, grow, sing等,for一般表示对象。

e.g.My mother bought a birthday cake for me yesterday.(=My mother bought me a birthday cake yesterday.)我妈妈昨天给我买了一个生日蛋糕。

The singer sang three songs for us just now.(=The singer sang us three songs just now.)那名歌手刚才给我们唱了三首歌。

注意: 如果直接宾语和间接宾语同时为代词,那么只能把直接宾语放在前面。

e.g.翻译:把它们给我。

误:Give me them, please.正:Give them to me,please.五、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(S + V + O + C)

我们先来看一个例子:I find that he is clever.这是一个“主语+谓语+宾语”结构,其中宾语“he is clever”是一个从句。“I find him clever.”才是“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构。这种句型的及物动词后的宾语还需要再加上宾语补足语意义才完整。可以作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、动词、动词不定式、现在分词、介词短语等。

1.当名词作宾语补足语时动词一般有:call, name, make, find, get, think等。

e.g.They named him James.他们给他取名詹姆斯。We made her monitor.我们让她当班长。

2.当形容词作宾语补足语时动词一般有:keep, make, find, get, think等。

e.g.We must keep the windows closed at night.我们必须在晚上关上窗户。

He made the children happy.他使孩子们开心。

3.动词不定式作宾语补足语有以下两种情况:

① 有些动词跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,这些动词一般有:ask, tell, want, teach, wish, get等。

e.g.He told me to stay at home.他告诉我要我待在家里。

② 有些动词跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,我们把它们总结为:一感(feel)二听(listen to, hear)三让(let, have, make)四看(see, look at, watch, notice)。

e.g.Let me help you.让我来帮你。He made us laugh.他使我们发笑。

I saw them play on the ground.我看到他们在地上玩。

注意: help后动词可带to也可不带to。

e.g.I often help my mother(to)do the housework.我经常帮妈妈做家务。

4.后面跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词一般有: listen to, see, hear, look at, watch, notice, find, keep等,表示后面的动作正在进行。e.g.I heard the girl next door playing the piano.我听到隔壁的那个女孩正在弹钢琴。

2.五种基本句型教案 篇二

一、主语+不及物动词(S+V)此句型中,动词是不及物的,不需加宾语就可以表达一个完整的、明确无误的意思。有时可带状语修饰其动词,表达动作发生的频率、原因、结果、日的、场所、时间等。但状语不算句子的主要成分。

1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)。例如:

The students are listening.学生们正在听。

2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语。例如:

He looked carefullv.他仔细地看。

[典型考题]I like my new bike.It_______very well.

A.rides B.is riding C.is ridden D.has ridden(江西省)

解法点津:ricle 可用作及物动词,表示“骑(自行车、马等)”,但它也可用作不及物动词,常可用主动语态表示被动意义,write,sell,end等词用法与此相同。正确答案为A,后一句句意为“它(自行车)很好骑”。

二、主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+DO)此句型中的谓语动词是及物动词,其后常跟名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或动词不定式等。例如:

Do you like apples?你喜欢苹果吗?

I finished reading the text.我读完了课文。

He decided to buy a computer.他决定买一台电脑。

注意:当不及物动词与介词连用时,其后也可跟宾语。例如:

Ann is waiting tbr Kate at school gate.安正在校门口等凯特。

[典型考题1] They will_______Guangzhou tonight.

A.arrive B.get C.reach D.go(哈尔滨市)

解法点津:空格后为名词,在句中作宾语,故所填动词应用及物动词,表示“到达”时,四个备选词中只有reach为及物动词,所以C为正确答案。

[典型考题2]-It’s too hot.Would you mind_______the door?

一 _______I’ll open it now.

A.to open;OK

B.opening;Certainly not

C.opening;Of course

D.to open;Good idea(重庆市)

解法点津:mind,keep,finish,practise,enjoy,feel like,give up等动词后应跟动词的ing形式作宾语,因而B和C可能正确;但根据后面句子的暗示可知后一空格应用否定形式,所以B为正确答案。

[典型考题3]The artist said that he hoped_______drawing the picture soon.

A.his son to finish B.to finish C.finishing D.his son will finish (内蒙古)

解法点津:在hope,want,would like,decide,refuse,choose等后应跟动词不定式作宾语。因为hope后不可跟由动词不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语,所以B为正确答案。

三、主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P)此句型中的为谓语动词为连系动词,作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词等。初中阶段常见的系动词有be,feel,taste,smell,seem,look,get,become,turn等。例如:

She is a music teacher.她是一位音乐教师。

Tile fish smells terrible.It must be had.这条鱼很难闻,一定是变质了。

[典型考题1]Coffee is ready.tfow nice it_______!Would you like some?

A.looks B.smells C.sounds D.feels(上海市)

解法点津:由前一旬的说明可知这里应是说明咖啡的味道.故应选B。

[典型考题2] It_______that they had no change with them at the moment.

A.seemed B.was seemed C.seem D.is seemed(重庆市)

解法点津:It seems that…句式后跟一从句,表示“看来……”.其中seem是一个连系动词,它没有被动形式,排除B和D;另外,it作主语,谓语不可能是动词原形seem,故A为正确答案。

四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)此句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,指人的宾语叫间接宾语,指物的宾语叫直接宾语,通常情况下间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后,此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。

1.间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find等。例如:

Uncle Li bought me a bithday present.

=Unele Li bought a birthday present for me.李叔叔给我买了一件生日礼物。

2.间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有give,lend,teach,take,retum,send,pass等。例如:

Please pass him a cup of tea.=Please pass a cup of tea to him.请递给他一杯茶。

3.间接宾语后置既可与for也可与to连用的动词有do,leave,write,bring等。例如:

He brought me a dictionary.=He brought a dictionary for/to me.他给我带来了一本词典。

注意:若直接宾语是代词时,通常情况下将其置于间接宾语之前。例如:

误:Please give me them.正:Please give them to me.

[典型考题1]_______you good luck in tht new year!

—The same to you.

A.Hope B.Want C.Wish D.Like(安徽省)

解法点津:在动词wish后常跟双宾语,表示祝愿。故选C。

[典型考题2]He is kind and always_______his help t0 others.

A.receives B.brings C.takes D.offers(广西壮族自治区)

解法点津:前面说“他很善良”,由此可以推断他总是向别人“提供”帮助。offer,bring,take,give,pass等后常可用双宾语,但间接宾语常放在直接宾语的后面,在其前用介词to或for,在offer后应用to。D为正确答案。

五、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+DO+OC)此句型中的宾语后需跟上宾语补足语意思才完整,宾语和宾语补足语组合成复合宾语。常见的用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、动词不定式、动词的ing形式、动词的ed形式、介词短语等。

1.后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词有call,name,make,choose,think等。例如:

We call him Tom for short.我们简称他为汤姆。

2.后跟形容词做宾语补足语的动词有keep,make,find,get,think等。例如:

It’s very hot here.We’d better keep the windows open.这儿很热。我们最好让窗子开着。

3.动词不定式做宾语补足语有以下三种情况:

A.后跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词常有ask.tell.teach.wish.trouble等。例如:

He told us to keep quiet in the hospital.他告诉我们在医院里要保持安静。

B.后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词可归纳为“一感(feel)”、“二听(hear)”、“三让(1et,make,have)”、“四看(look at,see,watch,notice)”。例如:

Let me try again.让我再试试。

I often hear her sing in the next room.我经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。

C.help后跟不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式既可带to,也可不带to。例如:

My father often helps me(to)study English.我父亲经常帮我学习英语。

4.后跟动词的ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有feel,hear,see,watch,keep,find等。例如:

We found a man lying on the ground.我们发现一个男人躺在地上。

5.后跟介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有keep,find,take等。例如:

I’ll keep the words in my mind.我将记住这些话。

[典型考题1] My mother often asks me_______early.

A.get up B.got up C.getting up D.to get up(北京市)

解法点津:在动词ask,advise,want,would like,tell,order等动词后应跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。D为正确答案。

[典型考题2] The young lady watched her daughter_______a yo-yo yesterdayafternoon.

A.to play with B.playing with C.to play D.plays(重庆市)

解法点津:在动词watch,see,feel,hear后常跟动词的ing形式。表示正在进行的动作。B为正确答案。

[典型考题3]Let him_______a rest.I think he must be tired after the longwalk.

A.have B.gets C.to take D.has (山东省)

解法点津:在动词watch,see,feel,hear及have,make,let等后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(但在被动语态中不定式符号to应加上)。A为正确答案。

[典型考题4]The Internet_______it easy to get a lot of new information in ashort time.

A.finds B.makes C.feels D.takes(安徽省)

解法点津:句中it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式to get a lotof new information in a short time.形容词easy为宾语补足语。根据句意应用makes.即选B。

[巩固练习]

下列各句均有一处错误,请指出并改正。

1.Dad bought a new bike to me Last Sunday.()

2.We enjoy to play footballin the afternoon.()

3.The boss made him to work all day.()

4.Who is waiting me?()

5.That is my pen.Please pass me it.()

Keys:

1.to改为for 2.to play改为playing 3.to work改为work 4.waiting改为waiting for 5.pass me it改为pass it to me

3.英语陈述句五种基本句型 篇三

例如: I like English. 我喜欢英语。

She is cleaning her bedroom. 她在打扫卧室。

句型二:主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语

例如:He asked me a question. 他问了我一个问题。

My mother bought me a present. 我母亲给我买了一个礼物。

句型三:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语

例如:He was chose the chairman. 他被选举为主席。

We saw him singing in the classroom.

我们看见他正在教室里唱歌。

句型四:主语+谓语(不及物动词)

例如:The bell rung. 铃声响过了。

It rains. 下雨了。

句型五:主语+系动词+表语

4.五种基本句型教案 篇四

考研英语考试大纲对翻译部分的考查要求和考点的表述是:“主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400 词的文章,并将其中5 个划线部分(约150 词)译成汉语,要求译文正确、完整、通顺。”专家认为,这不仅考查考生对英语语法理解与掌握,更重要的是考查考生长难句的分析能力。

考研英语翻译的特点是长难句比较多,体现在两方面:一是修饰成分较多,二是句子结构层次较复杂,从句嵌套现象层出不穷。由此可见,长难句的结构分析在考研英语翻译中就显得尤为重要。考研英语翻译的难点之一就是长难句的结构句子。为了攻克长难句,应该注意以下几点:应熟练掌握英语中的“五种基本句型”。

英语中,常见的五种基本句型:

(1)主语+谓语(谓语为不及物动词)

(2)主语+谓语(谓语为及物动词)+宾语

(3)主语+谓语(谓语为及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语

(4)主语+谓语(谓语为及物动词)+直接宾语+间接宾语

(5)主语+系动词+表语

在考研英语翻译中,划线部分的句子大多是长难句,但是不管句子有多长,句子结构有多复杂,这些句子都能够回归到英语的“五种基本句型”上,即再复杂的`句子,只要提炼出主干或主句,就对句子的基本框架有了一个总体的把握。而这五种基本句型都必然包含一个谓语动词,所以谓语动词就是抓主干的突破口。英语句子由短到长,主要借助于连词、介词、分词、非谓语动词等手段,其中连词主要是and, but等并列连词和what, which,who等从属连词。换句话说,这些连词、介词、分词、非谓语动词等把句子分成了一个又一个的小意群,因而成了句子结构划分的拆分点。特别是连词在句子由短变长方面的作用举足轻重,其中,并列连词把两个独立的分句连在了一起,从属连词把一个独立的分句与一个从句连接在了一起。但是,不管是从句还是分句都有自己的谓语动词,具体说来,and, but 连接的并列分句中的谓语动词都是主句谓语动词,而从属连词which, that, where 等所引导的从句中都各配备有一个属于从句的谓语动词。所以,在长难句的分析过程中,只要我们找到了这些连词和主从句的谓语动词,句子结构就一目了然了。

应抓住考研英语长难句的拆分点

(1)要明确拆分的目的

把英语长难句拆分的目的是把主句和从句拆分开来,把主干部分和修饰部分拆分开来,理清句子结构。

(2)英语句子的拆分点

1)标点符号

标点符号是英语句子当中最为明显的切分标志,有几个典型的标点符号可以帮助我们迅速切分句子的意群。比如说双逗号、破折号、冒号、分号等。譬如,如果双逗号之间是介词短语或者是副词短语、或者双逗号前后是被分开的主谓结构,这时双逗号之间往往是插入语的成分,也就是说,读句子时为了把握住主干结构,可以先跳过这个成分,从而提高结构拆分的速度。破折号、冒号后面一般都是解释说明的部分,它们可以成为句子的拆分点。分号相当于and 把句子分成并列的意群,也是很好的拆分点。考生在读句子时应首先看看有没有这样的标点符号,从而更好地断句。

2)并列连词

考生一定搞清 and, or, but, yet, for 等都是并列连词,是并列句的拆分:点,这些并列连词连接的是并列句。

3)从属连词

考生一定要清楚从属连词引导从句,是主从复合句的拆分点。状语从句的连接词有:when, as, since, until ,before, after, where, because, though, although, so that等;名词性从句连接词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, when, where, how, why等;定语从句的连接词有:who, which, that, whom, whose, when, why, where等。

4)动词不定式和分词

不定式结构(to do)常常构成不定式短语,可以用来做定语或者状语,可以是拆分点;分词包括现在分词和过去分词,常常用来构成分词短语做定语或者状语等修饰语,也可以是拆分点。

5)介词短语

由on, in, with, at, of, to 等介词构成的介词短语可以用来做定语或者状语等修饰语,所以它们也是理解英语句子的拆分点。

以上这些“信号词”在拆分英语句子时可能断开的地方,但并不是绝对的。它们有助于我们看清句子结构,进而更好地理解英语原文。但是,在拆分长难句的过程中,最好不要把单独的一个英语单词拆分出来,基础好的同学可以不用过细地拆分。

考研英语真题中长难句拆分与表达的示例

This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

(1)句子拆分

拆分点:从属连词、介词、标点符号

This trend began ∥during the Second World War, ∥ when several governments came to the conclusion ∥that the specific demands ∥that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen ∥in detail.

(2)句子结构

找谓语动词(began, came, wants, cannot be foreseen);→

找连词(when, that, that) →

前面没有从属连词的动词即为主句的谓语动词→

确定主从句。

主句:This trend began during the Second World War ;

从句:定语从句when several governments came to the conclusion修饰the Second World War,本从句嵌套着一个二级从句即同位语从句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修饰conclusion和一个三级从句that引导的定语从句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修饰demands。

(3)解析

during the Second World War介词短语做状语;when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail 做定语修饰the Second World War ;that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail同位语从句修饰conclusion ;that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修饰demands。

(4)本句的参考译文

这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间,当时一些国家的政府得出结论:政府向科研机构提出的要求通常是无法详尽预见的。

5.英语基本句型课件 篇五

I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.

I was about to leave when it began to rain.

I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.

2. It was (not ) + 时间段+before +一般过去时(过了一段时间就......)

It will (not ) be+ 时间段+before +一般现在时(要过一段时间才会…)

It is/has been +时间段+ since…..

It was +点时间+ when…..

It was +时间状语+ that …..(强调句)

It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境危险(动作已发生)

It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 还有半年你才从这个学校毕业(动作未发生)

It is 3 years since he worked here.

It was 3 o’clock when they received the telephone.(时间状语从句)

It was at 3 o’clock that they received the telephone.

3. more…than… 与其说…倒不如…(= not as/ so……..as……)

more than=not only 不仅仅……..

It is more like a meeting than like a party.

它与其说是一个聚会,不如说是一个会议。

Mr. Zhang is more than my teacher, he is also my best friend.

张先生不仅仅是我的老师,他还是我的朋友。

4. once… 一旦…...

Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work.

Once you have decided to do something, you should finish it and do it well.

5. The +比较级…,the +比较级… 越……, 越……

The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get.

The busier he is, the happier he feels.

6. as if/ as though… 好像...(表示与事实相反,用虚拟;若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实,则用陈述语气。)

He was in great trouble, but he acted as if nothing had happened.

Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if they had been friends for many years.

The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.

7. n./adj./adv./v. + as/though +主语+谓语,尽管...,引导让步状语从句。

Child as he is, I already know what career I want to follow.

Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem.

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with his idea.

8. whether….or…. 无论…还是…

Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.

Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.

9. 特殊疑问词+ever = no matter+特殊疑问词, 引导让步状语从句或名词性从句。

Whichever(=No matter which) you like, you can take it away.( 让步状语从句)

You can take away whichever(=any one that) you like.(宾语从句)

Whoever breaks the law, he will certainly be punished. ( 让步状语从句)

Whoever breaks the law will certainly be punished. ( 名词性从句)

10. if/as long as/so long as/ providing that/ provided that/ supposing that/on condition that 如果/只要/假如…

I will lend you money on condition that you can return it within 3 months.

11.given that/ considering that 考虑到….., 鉴于……

Given her interest in children/Given that she is interested in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her.

12. in case that/ in case of… 万一…

In case of fire, please dial 119 at once.

In case that John comes/John should come, tell him to wait.

13. 祈使句+ or/otherwise +结果句;祈使句+ and +结果句

Stop doing such foolish thing, or you will be punished in time.

More effort, and the problem would have been settled.

Think it over, and you will find the answer.

14. so/ such……..that…….引导结果状语从句,须注意当名词前有many, much, little, few修饰时, 用so不用such。

The westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily.

There are so few fish in the lake that we couldn’t fish them easily.

当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such…….as to do结构。

The westerners eat so much fat and sugar as to put on weight easily.

15. so that 引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句

so that引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用(= in order that)。

He turned up the radio a little so that he could hear the news clearly.

He turned up the radio a little so as to hear the news clearly.

16.can never/can’t 与too, too much, enough, over- 搭配表示“无论怎样…都不过分”

While you are doing your homework, you can’t be careful enough.

He is such a great man that we can’t praise him too much.

William Hartley was handsome, determined and hardworking. In a word, I couldn’t speak too highly of him.

The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English, so we can’t overemphasize the importance of learning English.

Since it is a good thing, we can’t do it too soon.

17. 不定式作主语,it作形式主语。

It +系动词+adj./n.+ for sb. to do (sb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)

It +系动词+adj.+ of sb. to do (sb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者,又表示人所具备的.性质或特征)

It’s important for us to have a good knowledge of English.

How rude of him to treat a child like that!

It’s thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night.

18. 不定式作宾语,it作形式宾语。

主语+think/consider/believe/ make/ feel+ it +adj./n. +for sb./ of sb. +to do sth.

I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man.

The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.

19. won’t/ can’t have sb. doing/done 不能容忍某行为发生

You are too rude, and I won’t have you speaking to Mother like that again.

We can’t have anything done against the school rules.

20. It is said/thought/ hoped/ believed...that...=sb. is said/thought/hoped/believed to do…..

It is said that he is studying abroad.--> He is said to be studying abroad.

It is considered that many countries highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.=Many countries is considered to highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.

21. had hoped to do=hoped to have done表示过去原打算干却未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图。类似的动词还有:expect, think, intend, design, plan, mean, suppose等。

I had hoped to travel to London this summer,but I was too busy.

22. How did sb come to do...? = How come that….为什么会…../……是怎么回事?表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释。

How did you come to find out where she’s living?= How come that you found out….

你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的?

How come that you sat there ,doing nothing?为什么坐在那儿什么也不干?

23. It is (not ) like sb. to do… ...(不)像某人的所作所为

It’s like him to answer for what he has done.敢对自己的行为负责,这是他的一贯作风。

It’s not like him to have been so rude to his mother.

24. when it comes to… 当谈到或涉及到…

He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer, he will be excited and full of energy.

When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never complains.

25. every time/ each time/ next time/ the first time/ any time等短语引导时间状语从句,表示“...次的时候”。

Every time you meet with new words while reading, don’t always refer to your dictionary.

Next time you come , do remember to bring your son here.

You are welcome to come back any time you want to.

26. There is (no) need to do…/for...=It is ( not ) necessary for sb. to do…

There is ( no ) hope/chance/possibility of doing…

There is( no )difficulty/trouble/point/delay( in )doing...

Is there any chance of us/our winning the match?

There is no point(意义)in discussing the problem again.

27. It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人来做某事……..

——When shall we start out?

——It’s up to you to decide.

It’s up to you to babysit my so while I am away on business.

28.be up to sth. 忙于…..., 从事…..., 胜任.…..

John isn’t really up to that job. 约翰不适合干那项工作。

What have you been up to recently? 最近你一直在忙些什么?

29. It is time to do/It is time that +主语+动词的一般过去式 该是做…..的时候了

It is time that we ended the discussion.

30. 强调句基本构成形式:It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/that+原句剩余部分

I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.

It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调是我,不是别人)

It was him who/that I met in the street yesterday afternoon.( 强调我遇见的是他,不是别人)

It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.( 强调是在大街上,不是在别的地方,强调的是地点,但不用where)

6.英语8个基本句型 篇六

这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。

例:I study English.

分析:“I”(主语)“study”(谓语动作)“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。

“主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)

这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。

例:Our teacher taught us English.

分析:“our teacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。

“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾补”句型)

这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。

例: He asked her to go there.

分析:“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语—补充说明宾语做什么)。

“主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)

这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。

例: I am a teacher. 我是一名老师

分析:“I”(主语)“am”(系动词)“a teacher”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。

“There + be + 主语+ …”(即“存在”句型)

这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或某物”。

例:There is a bird in the tree. 在树上有一只鸟。

分析:“in the tree”(地点)“there is a bird”(存在物)。

比较句型

这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。

1) 原级比较: …as + 形容词/副词原级 + as…; …as + 形容词+名词 + as…

例:He is as rich as John. 他和约翰一样富有。

例:He has as much money as she does. 他和她的`钱一样多

2) 比较级:…+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than…

例:She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。

3)最高级:the + 形容词/副词最高级+(单数名词或one)+ {of(among) + 人或物}/{in + 场所}

例: He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。

8“it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/that从句”(即评价句型)

这一句型用于说明“做某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。(这里it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句)

例:It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。

7.上海中考英语基本句型整理 篇七

1.as…as 和……一样

中间必须用形容词或副词原级。例如:

Thisclassroom is as big as that one.这间教室和那间一样大。Heruns as fast as Tom.他和汤姆跑的一样快。

否定结构:not as/so…as,“不如……”。上面的两个句子可分别改为: Thisclassroom is not as/so large as that one.这间教室不如那间大。Hedoesn’t run as/so fast as Tom.他跑得不如汤姆快。2.as soon as 一……就……

用来引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时。例如:

I’lltell him the plan as soon as I see him.我一看到他就告诉他这个计划。

He’llgo home as soon as he finishes his work.他一完成工作就回家。

3.be busy/enjoy/hate/go on/finish doing sth.忙于/喜欢/讨厌/继续/完成做某事

在enjoy, finish, hate, go on, be busy等词语后,一般用动词-ing形式作宾语。例如: LinTao is busy making a model plane.林涛正忙着做飞机模型。Mymother enjoys taking a walk after supper.我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步。I hatewatching Channel Five.我讨厌看五频道。

Whensomeone asked him to have a rest, he just went on working.当有人让他休息一会儿时,他仍继续工作。I havefinished writing the story.我已经写完了故事。

4.fill…with 用……装满......; be filled with 充满了……;be full of 充满了......① be filled with 说明由外界事物造成的此种状态,表示被动。例如:

Thebox is filled with food.盒子里装满了食物。

②be full of说明主语处于的状态。此外,还可表示程度,意为“非常”。例如:

Thepatient’s room is full of flowers.那个病人的房间摆满了花。Theyoung man is full of pride.那个年轻人非常骄傲。③这两种结构还可以相互改写。例如: I fillthe box with food.The box is full of food.5.be good/bad for 有利于/有害于…… 此句型是:be+adj.+for+n.结构。例如:

Doingmorning exercises is good for your health.做早操对你的健康有益。Alwaysplaying computer games is bad for your study.总玩电脑游戏对你的学习不利。6.be used to(doing)sth.习惯于……

后必须接名词或动名词,可用于现在、过去、将来的多种时态。be 可用get,become来代替。例如:

He isused to life in the country.=He is used to living in the country.他习惯于乡村生活。Hewill get used to getting up early.他将会习惯于早起。注意:be used to do 的意思是“被用来做……”。例如: Woodis used to make paper.木材被用来造纸。

7.both…and…两者都……

用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时,其后谓语动词用复数。例如: Boththe students and the teachers will go to the History Museumtomorrow.不论老师还是学生明天都会去历史博物馆。8.can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事

help在此的意思是“抑制,忍住”,其后接动词-ing形式。例如: Hisjoke is too funny.We can’t help laughing.他的笑话太有趣了,我们禁不止笑了起来。

9.sth.costs sb.some money 某物花费某人多少钱

此句型的主语是物。cost一词带的是双宾语,它的过去式、过去分词和原型一样。Thisbook cost me five yuan.这本书花了我五元钱。

10.either…or… 不是……就是……,或者……或者……

用来连接两个并列成分,当连接并列主语时,谓语动词与邻近的主语保持一致。Youmay either stay here or go home.你可以呆在这儿,也可以回家。Eithershe or I am right.= Either I or she is right.不是她对就是我对。11.enough(for sb.)to do sth.足够……做……

在此结构中,for用来引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如:

Theice isn’t thick enough for you to walk on.这冰还没有厚到你可以在上面走的程度。12.feel like doing sth.想要做……

此处like为介词,后面跟动词-ing形式。此句型与would like to do sth.同义。例如: I feellike drinking a cup of milk.我想喝一杯牛奶。

13.feel/find/think it adj./n.to do sth.认为某事…… 在此结构中it为形式宾语,不定式短语作真正的宾语。例如: I findit very interesting to play football.我发现踢足球很有趣。Shethinks it her duty to help us.她认为帮助我们是她的职责。14.get ready for sth./to do sth.Getready for sth.意为“为某事做准备”;getready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”例如: We aregetting ready for the meeting.我们正在为会议做准备。Theywere getting ready to have a sports meet at that moment.他们那时正准备开运动会。

15.get/receive/have a letter from 收到……的来信,相当于hear from Didyou receive a letter from John?你收到约翰的来信了吗?

I gota letter from my brother yesterday.我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封来信。

16.had better(not)do sth.最好(别)做某事 Hadbetter为情态动词,其后需用动词原形。had better常用缩写,变成’d better,其否定形式是在其后直接加not。例如:

We hadbetter go now.= We’d better go now.我们最好现在走吧。

You’dbetter not go out because it is windy.今天刮风,你最好别出去了。17.have sth.done 使(某事)完成(动作由别人完成)sth.为宾语,done为过去分词作补语。例如:

We hadthe machine repaired.我们请人把机器修好了。

注意区分: We have repaired the machine.我们(自己)已经修好了机器。

18.help sb.(to)do sth./with sth.帮助某人(做)某事,其中的to可以省略。例如: Ioften help my mother with housework.我常常帮助妈妈做家务。

Wouldyou please help me(to)look up these words?请你帮助我查查这些词好吗?

19.How do you like……? 你认为……怎么样?与what do you think of …?同义。例如: How doyou like the weather in Beijing?

你认为北京的天气怎么样? 你觉得这部新电影如何? 20.I don’t think/believe that… 我认我/相信……不……

其中的not是对宾语从句进行否定而不是对主句否定(否定前移)。that可省略。例如: Idon’t think it will rain.我认为天不会下雨。

Idon’t believe the girl will come.我相信那女孩不会来了。21.It happens that… 碰巧…… 相当于happen to do,例如: Ithappened that I heard their secret.可改写为: I happened to hear their secret.我碰巧听到了他们的秘密。22.It’s/has been +一段时间+since从句自从某时起做某件事情已经一段时间了 该句型中since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时。例如:

It’s twentyyears since he came here.他来这里已经20年了。

It hasbeen six years since he married Mary.他和玛丽结婚已经六年了。

23.It is +adj./n.+ for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说…… It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式todo sth。例如:

It’snot easy for us to study English well.对我们来说学好英语并不容易。It’s agood idea for us to travel to the south.去南方旅行对我们来说是个好主意。24.It’s + adj.+ of sb.to do sth.It是形式主语,to dosth.是真正的主语, 当表语(即形容词)能对逻辑主语描述时,常用介词of,而不用for。例如:

It’svery polite of you to give your seat to old people.你给老人让座,非常有礼貌。

25.It seems/appears(to sb)that…(在某人看来)好像…… 此句中的it是主语,that引导的是表语从句。例如: Itseems that he is lying.看样子他好像是在撒谎。

Itappears to me that he never smiles.在我看来,他从来没有笑过。

26.It is +数词+metres/kilometers long/wide… ……是多少米(公里)长(宽)用来表示物体的长(宽,高),如数词大于一,名词要用复数。例如: It is20 metres long from this end to that end.从这端到那端有二十米长。

27.It’s time for sb.to do sth.是某人干某事的时候了 it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth.例如: It’stime for the child to go to bed.孩子该睡觉了。

比较下面两种结构:

① It’s time for + n.例如:It’stime for school.②It’s time to do sth.例如:It’stime to go to school.28.It takes sb.some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事 it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth。例如: Ittakes her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop from here.从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她15分钟。Ittook the old man three days to finish the work.那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作。29.keep(on)doing sth.一直坚持做某事

Keepdoing sth.一般用于静态动词。keep on doing sth.意为“继续不停地做某事”,一般用于动态动词,但二者的区别并不是很严格,有时可以互换。例如: Don’tkeep on doing such foolish things.不要再做这样的傻事了。Hekept sitting there all day.他整天坐在那里。

30.keep…from doing sth.阻止......做某事

相当于stop…from doing sth., prevent…from doing sth.在主动句中,stop和prevent后面的from可以省略,但在被动结构中,from不可以省略。例如:

Pleasekeep the children from swimming in the sea.请别让孩子到海里游泳。Thebig noise outside my room stopped me from doing my homework.屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作业。

31.keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事

不可和keep sb.from doing sth.结构混淆。例如:

Why doyou keep me waiting for a long time? 你为什么让我等了很长时间? 32.make sb.do sth.使某人干某事

make意为“使”时,其后要有不带to的动词不定式。例如: Hemade me work ten hours a day.他让我每天工作10小时。注意:上句如改为被动语态,则work 前的to不能省略。例如: I wasmade to work ten hours a day.33.neither…nor… 既不……也不……

当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与邻近的主语取得一致(就进一致原则)。例如: Neitherwe nor Jack knows him.我们和杰克都不认识他。

Heneither knows nor cares what happened.他对发生的事情不闻不问。34.not…until… 直到……才......until后可跟名词或从句,表示时间。例如: Hedidn’t come until late in the evening.他直到晚上很迟才来。Hedidn’t arrive until the game began.直到比赛开始他才来。35.sb.pays money for sth.某人花钱买某物此句型主语是人 例如:I’vealready paid 2,000 yuan for the motor bike.36.spend time/money on sth./(in)doing sth.花费(时间、钱)在某事上/做某事 其中in可以省略,通常主语为“人”。例如:

Ispent five yuan on this book.我在这本书上花了五元钱。

Ispent two hours(in)doing my homework yesterday.昨晚我花了两个小时做作业。

37.so…that… 太……以至于……

用于复合句,that引导的是结果状语从句。so是副词,后面应接形容词或副词,如果接名词,应用such。例如:

Theice is so thin that you can’t walk on it.冰太薄了,你不能在上面走。He issuch a kind man that we all like him.他是一个非常好的人,我们都很喜欢他。

38.stop to do sth., stop doing sth.Stopto do sth.意为“停下来去做另一件事”,stopdoing sth.意为“停止正在做的事”例如: You’retoo tired.You’d better stop to have a rest.你们太累了,最好停下来休息一会儿。

Theteacher is coming.Let’s stop talking.老师来了,咱们别说话了。39.Thank you for doing sth.感激你做了…… for之后除了加动名词doing外,还可以加名词。例如: Thankyou for giving me the present.谢谢你给我的礼物。

Thankyou for your help.=Thank you for helping me.谢谢你的帮助。40.thanks to 多亏……,由于……

thanks后的s不能省略,to是介词。例如: Thanksto my friend Jim, I’ve worked out this problem.多亏了我朋友吉姆的帮助,我已经解决了这个问题。41.There be句型

①在此结构中,there是引导词,在句中不能充当任何成分,也不必翻译出来。句中的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语的数保持一致。例如: Thereis a man at the door.门口有一个人。

当主语是由两个或者两者以上的名词充当时,谓语动词be要跟它邻近的那个名词的数一致(就近一致)。例如:

Thereare two dogs and a cat under the table.桌下有两只狗和一只猫。比较:There is a cat and two dogs under the table.②There be 句型中的be不能用have来代替,但可以用lie(位于,躺),stand(矗立),exist(生存),live(生活)等词来替换。例如:

Therestand a lot of tall buildings on both sides of the street.街道两旁矗立着许多高楼。

Therelies lake in front of our school.我们学校前面有一个湖。Oncethere lived a king here.这儿曾经有一个国王。

Thereis going to be a sports meeting next week.下周准备开一个运动会。Therebe 的拓展结构: there seem(s)/happen(s)to be… Thereseems to be one mistake in spelling.似乎有一处拼写错误。Therehappened to be a ruler here.这儿碰巧有把尺子。Thereseemed to be a lot of people there.那儿似乎有很多人。

42.The + adj.比较级, the + adj.比较级越……,越…… 此句型表示一方随另一方的变化而变化。例如:

Theharder he works, the happier he feels.他工作越努力,就感到越幸福。Themore, the better.多多益善。

43.too+adj./adv.+to do sth.太……以至于不能…….此句型为简单句,后面的to表示否定含义。例如: Theice is too thin for you to walk on.这冰太薄,你不能在上面走。Thebag is too heavy to carry.这个袋子太重搬不动。44.used to do sth.过去常常做某事

Usedto是情态动词,表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不存在,因此只用于过去时态。例如: Heused to get up early.他过去总早起。

When Iwas young, I used to play tennis very often.我年轻时经常打网球。否定形式有两种:didn’t use to;used not to,例如:

Hedidn’t use to come.= He usedn’t to come.他过去不常来。45.what about…? ……怎么样? 后面可接名词、代词、动名词等。与“how about…?”同义。例如: Wehave been to Hainan.What about you? 我们去过海南,你呢? Whatabout going to the park on Sunday? 星期天去公园怎么样? 46.What day/date is it today? 今天星期几(几月几日)? —Whatday is it today?—Sunday.—Whatdate is it today?—June24th.47.What’s wrong(the matter)with…? ……怎么了? What’swrong with you, Madam? 夫人,您怎么了? Youlook worried.What’s wrong with you? 你看上去很焦急,出什么事了? 48.Why not do…? 为什么不做……?

谓语动词用原形。与Why don’t you do…?同义。例如:

Whynot go to see the film with us?= Why don’t you go to see the film withus? 为什么不和我们一起去看电影呢? 49.would like to do sth.想做…… 后用动词不定式作宾语。例如:

Iwould like to drink a cup of tea.我想喝一杯茶。疑问句式:Would you like(to drink)a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶吗? 50.adj./adv.比较级 + and adj./adv.比较级越来越......若形容词/副词为双音节词及多音节词,则这一结构变为“more and more +形容词/副词”。例如:

It’sgetting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。

Thelittle girl becomes more and more beautiful.小女孩变得越来越漂亮了。51.adj.比较级+than than引导的是典型的比较级句型,表示“一者比另一者……”,其前用形容词或副词的比较级,than从句可以用省略形式。例如:

I knowyou better than she does.我比她更了解你。Thishouse is bigger than that one.这所房子比那所房子大。52.though-从句

though引导的是让步状语从句,意思是“虽然……但是……”。但不能和but连用,英语中表达“虽然……,但是……”时,though和but只能用一个。例如: Thoughit was snowing, it was not very cold.虽然下着雪,可并不太冷。I waslate for the last bus though I hurried.虽然我拼命赶路,还是没搭上最后一班公交车。

Wedidn’t feel tired though we walked a long way.虽然我们走了很长的路程,但是并没有感到累。53.if-从句

If 引导的是条件状语从句,“如果;假如“。如主句用一般将来时,if从句要用一般现在时(主将从现)。例如:

If Igo to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along? 如果明天我去长城,你会和我一起去吗? If itrains tomorrow, I won’t go.如果明天下雨,我就不去了。54.because-从句

引导原因状语从句,“因为”。例如: Hedidn’t hear the knocking at the door because he was listening to theradio.他没有听见敲门声,因为他正在听收音机。55.so + do/be + 主语

“So +be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语” 表示前面所述内容也适用于另一人或物。be、助动词或情态动词的选择视前面陈述句中谓语动词的时态形式而定。例如: Helikes football and so do I.他喜欢足球,我也如此。Jimwas playing football just now and so was Tom.刚才吉姆在踢足球,汤姆也在踢足球。

比较: “So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”结构,是用来证实前一句所表达的内容(起强调作用)。be、助动词或情态动词的选择视前面陈述句中谓语动词的时态形式而定。A: Itis very hot today.今天天气很热。B: Soit is.确实如此。

56.not only…but also… 不但……而且……

常用来连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子。连接两个主语时,谓语动词要和紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如:

Shelikes not only singing but also dancing.她不但喜欢唱歌,而且喜欢跳舞。

He isnot only a good doctor but also a good father.他不但是个好医生而且是个好爸爸。Notonly I but also he is hoping to go there.不但我而且他也想去那儿。

57.prefer…to… 喜欢……胜过…...prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth.意为“两者相比更喜欢(做)其中之一”。在此结构中,to是介词,接名词或动名词,结构中前后所跟成分一样。例如: Heprefers tea to coffee.茶与咖啡相比,他更喜欢茶。

Heprefers doing shopping to going fishing.购物与钓鱼相比,他更喜欢购物。58.感叹句型:What(a/an)+ adj.+ n.+主语+谓语!How + adj./adv.+ +主语+谓语!What aclever boy(he is)!=How clever the boy is!这个男孩儿多聪明啊!

What awonderful film we saw last night!昨天晚上我们看的电影多精彩啊!Howlovely the weather is!天气多好啊!Howhard he works!他工作多么努力啊!59.祈使句型

祈使句型表示命令、请求、劝告等含义。说话的对象通常为第二人称,习惯上常省略。句末用句号或感叹号。肯定祈使句是:谓语动词用动词原形表示。否定祈使句是:在谓语动词前加do not(don’t)。例如:

Behere on time tomorrow.明天准时到这儿来。Say itin English!用英语说!Don’tbe afraid!别怕!Don’tlook out of the window!不要朝窗外看!60.并列句型

用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫并列句。连接并列句常用的连接词有:and, but, or, so, however, not only…butalso, neither…nor, either…or…等。例如: I helpher and she helps me.我帮助她,她帮助我。

He isvery old but he is in good health.他年纪很大了,但他身体很好。Wemust hurry, or we’ll be late.我们得赶快走,不然就晚了。

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