高二英语课程（精选7篇）
1.高二英语课程 篇一
高 二 英 语（第1讲）
主讲：郑天德 （苏州中学）
[教学内容与目的要求]
一、教学内容
高中英语第二册（上） Unit 1 Making a difference
二、教学要求：
1、掌握本单元的单词，词组与句型。
2、掌握几句常用口语。
There’s no doubt that human right are above all.
毫无疑问人权高于一切。
It’s clear that he has made rapid progress in English this year.
显然今年他英语学习进步很快。
It’s hard to say. 很难说。
What’s your idea? 你有什么想法？
Have you thought about giving up smoking?
你考虑过戒烟吗？
3、语法：复习不定式
[知识重点与学习难点]
一、重要单词：
genius inspiration perspiration undertake analysis obvious quote gravity radioactivity euripus debate scan boundary incurable exploration disable theory seek misunderstand observe predict astronomer heaven intelligent patient
二、重点词组：
dream of sth 梦想（做）……
doing sth
turn out (to do) … 结果（是）……
use up 用完
What if the spaceship moves faster than light?
要是宇宙飞船超光速将会怎能样呢？
the other way around 相反地，从相反方向
[难点讲解]
1、Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent perspiration.
天才是百分之一的天赋，百分之九十九的勤奋。
这句percent这后不能加of，因为这里不是指灵感的百分之一及勤奋的百分之九十九，如用of应是：One percent of genius is inspiration, and 99percent, perspiration.
又如：40% of the students are girls in the school.
我校40%是女生。
Blacks make up 20 percent of the population here.
这里人口的20%是黑人。
上句用法必须加of，其他分数也是如此：
Three fourths of his stomach was cut off in the operation.
手术中他四分之三的胃被切除。
2、There did not seem much point in working on my PhD - I did not expect to survive that long.
攻读博士学位对我来说似乎没有多大意义了，我没期望活那么久。
这里point不可数，意为：理由、意义必要等等，试看以下例子：
There’s no point in doing it. 做这事没用处。
What’s the point of telling her again?
有必要再跟她说吗？
There seems very little point in debating about the problem.
争论这个问题似乎没什么意义。
这句中that long也可用this，与so替代，但that与this比so程度上更确定，这句中就是指医生确诊还能活的那么一般时间，so往往不那么确定，往往面谈，试比较：
It’s so hot today. 今天那么热。
He’s so busy. 他是那么的忙。
Look, can you run that fast?
看，你能跑那么快吗？（有确定的对照）
I’ve hover worked this late before.
我从没工作到这么晚。（指我说这话时的确定时间）
3、Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of.
他也不让疾病妨碍他过他一直梦想哪种生活。
否定词放在句首时，句子要采用语法倒装（象疑问名那样的结构）：
Never have I seen so thrilling a movie.
我从没看过那么惊险的电影。
Seldom is he late for school.
他很少上学迟到。
Not until you’ve fished your homework can you watch the sports program on TV.
你做完作业才能看体育节目。
4、Readers were pleased and surprised to find that ancients could write about his word is a way that ordinary people could understand.
读者惊喜地发现一个科学家能用他们看得懂的方式写书。
To explain what they have cent, they build a theory about the way in what things happen and the camases and effects.
为了解释他们的发现，他们建立了一个有关现象发生的方式，原因及后果的理论。
注意上述二句中way后面的定语从句：
第一句： … in a way that …这里that是understand的宾语，可以用which替代，也可省去，但决不能用in which替代。
第二句： …about the way in which …这里in which是定语从句中的方式状语可用that 代之也可省去，但决不能用which替代。
再比较以下例子：
He always behaves in the way that I hate.
which
／
我很讨厌他平时的举止行为。
I don’t like the way in which he talks to me.
that
／
我不喜欢他与我讲话的腔调。
5、Scientists, on the other hand, Hawking writes know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong.
写道，科学回家知道他们的工作永远不会终结，最好的理论是为被证明错误的。
turn out这里意为，结果是，最终发现是，最后证明是等先进事迹一种常见的用法，后面接形容词时to be 常可省略：
The examination turned out (to be) easy.
The noise turned out to be the dog scratching of the door.
这怪声结果发现是狗抓门的声音。
It looked like rain this morning, but it has turned out to be a fine day.
(to be) fine.
6、If knowledge is power, as Sir Francis Bacon wrote in 1507, then perhaps creativity can be described as the ability to use that power.
如果像弗朗西斯培根在15所写的，知识就是力量的话，那么创造力就可能被定义为使用那力量的能力。
这句中as引导的是限制定语从句，as是关系代词指“知识就是力量”这句话是wrote的宾语，其他例子有：
As he knew, she wasn’t good maths Liu Xiang won the gold medal in the 110 - meter high hurdles, as we have seen on TV.
正如我们在电视上看到的，刘翔赢了110米的金牌。
7、Despite this warning, Hawking found it necessary to in clue one equation.
不管这个警告，露茜发现必须引入一个公式。
despite = in spite of 不管表示让步意义
He came to the meeting in spite of /despite his serious illness.
虽然他病得厉害，他还是去参加那个会议。
8、… he could also work out how far the stars would appear to have moved.
他也能算出恒星看上去似乎移动了多远。
这里appear相当于seem，但比seem更强调是表面所显示的不一定是真相；事实上恒星不动的，而线弯曲了，看上去象恒星位移了。其他例子：
He appeared to be talking to himself.
他好象在自言自语。
There appears to have been a mistuned standing.
看上去好象已经有了误会。
You appear to have traveled quite a lot.
看上去你好象跑了不少地方。
9、… it was said that only three people could understand it at the time.
据说当时只有三人能理解他的理论。
It is said that … 据说 ……之意
It was said
而It says that … 强调文字材料表达的内容
It said
试比较：
It is said that they have found water in Mars.
据说他们在火星上发现了水。
It says (in Boston Globe) that they have found water in Mars.
据（波士顿环球报）报道他们在火星上找到了水。
10、What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.
他要看到的是全世界都没有军队。
an end 意为结束，完结
Don’t worry, there will be on end to your troubles one day.
别担心，总有一天你的烦恼会烟消云散的。
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
我必须警告你我们耐心快到头了。
The meeting came to an end at last.
会议终于结束了。
[同步练习]
一、单项选择：
1、I don’t like watching cartoons; _________ playing PC game.
A、nor like I B、nor do I like
C、neither do I D、either I don’t like
2、He studies maths in the way ________ even the teacher is puzzled about.
A、which B、in which C、where D、as
3、_________ in the book that the Universe came for the Big Bay.
A、It is B、It was said C、It says D、It is said
4、Can “Green GDP” put ________ to the destruction of our environment?
A、the end of B、an end of
C、end to D、an end to
5、Choose the wrong sentence:
A、It seems that he has seen a ghost.
B、He appears to have seem a ghost.
C、He looks t have seem a ghost.
D、He seems to have seem a ghost.
6、___________, he went on climbing the high mountain. Choose the wrong answer:
A、Despite the rough weather B、In spite of the rough weather
C、As though the weather was rough
D、Though the rough weather
7、I feel it an honor ______ to attend the opening acrimony of the new library.
A、to invite B、to be invited
C、of being invited D、to have invited
8、_________ a famous university, we must work hard at senior high school.
A、To enter B、Entering C、Having entered D、Entered
9、I have a student ________ this afternoon.
A、talk to B、to talk to C、talking to D、talked to
10、I hurried to the bark only ________ it had closed.
A、finding B、found C、to find D、to have found
二、阅读理解
When you read the proof that today more than two and a half million children under six years old live in houses where there is the danger of lead poisoning, it is natural to ask how and why this situation has happened, and what can be done about it.
This threat to millions of children has growing through the years from several causes.
50 years ago all house paint was made with some amount of lead. The addition of lead made the paint dry faster and gave a shinier and harder finish(罩面漆). In fact, the more lead, the better and more expensive the paint, and some paint had as much as 50 percent lead.
Medical scientists, who had known for many years that lead could be poisonous when it got into the human body, finally began to speak out against the use of so much lead in places where people lived, worked and played. Then, 30 years ago the paint companies agreed to reduce the amount of lead in paint, especially that used on toys, children’s furniture and for inside walls and woodwork.
Although many--but not all--companies made an effort to reduce the use of lead, action was not quick enough to suit many public health officials and other concerned citizens. In 1972, a law was issued(提出) that, beginning in 1973, a new paint for sale on the market could not contain more than one half of one percent lead. This did not affect the old paint, of course. Some of it was over thirty years old on the walls of millions of homes.
During the post-war years, millions of Americans decided to move to larger cities and towns, away from small towns and farms. As cities grew, people from those cities moved out into the new suburbs. Many of the old houses in the cities were occupied by those who could not afford to have the houses newly-painted. Today, years later, the largest number of lead poisoning cases are being found in millions of older houses in the larger cities.
1、At one time paint that contained __________ was thought to be good.
A、no lead B、very little lead
C、a little lead D、a lot of lead
2、Factories began to reduce the use of lead __________.
A、after the second world war B、before 1972
C、after 1972 D、forty years ago
3、The largest number of lead poisoning cases today is found in _________.
A、poor areas of large cities. B、the countryside
C、rich suburbs around cities D、areas with newly built houses
4、The article suggest that heavily leaded paint is _________.
A、cheap B、fast drying
C、slow drying D、colorful
5、One can concluded after reading this article that ________.
A、although poisonous lead is useful when used in paint
B、lead is no longer used in paint
C、it’s not difficult to prevent lead poisoning
D、lead poisoning will continue to be a problem for some time
参 考 答 案
一、1、B 2、A 3、C 4、D 5、C 6、D 7、B 8、A 9、B 10、C
二、1、D 2、B 3、A 4、B 5、D
2.高二英语课程 篇二
《普通高中英语课程标准 (实验) 》对语言技能、语言知识提出了相应的具体内容和标准, 并指出读是理解的技能, 是任何语言教学中任何阶段都需要包括的一个重要环节。 (教育部, 2003) 。外语学习对外语的接触量有高度的依赖, 在母语环境下, 除了英语课堂, 早读课是学生们接触英语的另一个重要场合。一堂早读课, 是课堂教学有益的补充和延伸, 它具有培养语感、感知文采、熏陶情感、厚积素材的作用。通过朗读, 学生能增强记忆效果, 提高学习效率。因此, 在英语学习中, 早读课是一个重要的组成环节。调查高二学生英语早读课的现状并进行策略上的研究, 对帮助学生提高英语成绩有着重要的作用。
二、现状的调查及结果分析
(一) 、调查对象、方式及调查内容
笔者在本校高二年级随机抽选了6个班级, 共计347名学生进行了问卷调查;同时在年段中, 选择了部分同学进行访谈。调查内容主要是三个方面:被调查者的学科态度、早读情况、影响因素。
(二) 问卷调查统计、结果及分析
1. 对英语学科态度方面:你对英语学科感兴趣吗?
A.非常喜欢 (32.2%)
B.一般 (54.3%)
C.不喜欢 (12.4%)
D.厌恶 (1.1%)
2. 被调查者的早读情况方面:
(1) 你觉得英语早读课在整个英语学习过程中重要吗?
A.非常重要 (28.2%)
B.重要 (52.7%)
C.一般 (18.3%)
D.一点都不重要 (0.8%)
(2) 你喜欢目前的早读课吗?
A.很喜欢 (25.0%)
B.喜欢 (53.2%)
C.一般 (16.4%)
D.不喜欢 (5.4%)
(3) 你觉得目前早读课的时间 (30分钟) 够用吗?
A.太长 (11.6%)
B.刚好 (40.5%)
C.不够用 (47.5%)
D.可长可短 (0.4%)
(4) 上高二以来, 你早读课的效率如何?
A.很高 (5.3%)
B.高 (11.8%)
C.一般 (56.6%)
D.低下 (26.3%)
分析:通过对问题 (1) - (4) 的回答可以看出, 学生们对目前英语早读课的现状基本满意, 但有47.5%的学生回答时间不够用, 这与学生们的早读课效率不高有一定的关系。在访谈中, 笔者得知, 导致学生们早读课效率低下的一个原因是有些学生晚上经常就寝时间晚, 休息时间短, 以至于第二天早上犯困, 注意力不集中, 早读开始后10多分钟就开始打瞌睡。由此可见, 规范学生们的作息时间, 才能保证他们有一个高效的早读课。
(5) 一般情况下, 你的早读课有明确的计划吗?
A.有, 能合理安排 (22.1%)
B.偶尔有 (33.6%)
C.无计划, 随意读 (20.3%)
D.听从老师安排 (24.0%)
(6) 早读课你采用的朗读方式是:
A.大声朗读 (24.7%)
B.小声读 (36.7%)
C.默读 (25.8%)
D.边写边读 (12.8%)
分析:从问卷反馈来看, 早读课有明确计划的学生不多, 还有些学生期待老师的安排。在早读课上能大声朗读的也不多 (24.7%) , 边写边读的比例比较小。由此可见, 部分学生在早读课前并没有明确的计划, 盲目性比较大。实践证明, 大声朗读能帮助自己克服胆怯心理, 增强自信。有些朗读材料, 如果学生们能边写边读的话, 就能把听、读、写有效结合起来。
(7) 下列英语学习活动, 哪一项占你最多早读时间?
A.背《单词表》 (75.7%)
B.读课文 (8.8%)
C.背范文 (2.0%)
D.复习练习册和笔记等 (13.5%)
(8) 你有朗读课外美文的习惯吗?
A.经常有 (1.8%)
B.有 (5.2%)
C.很少 (48.2%)
D.几乎没有 (44.8%)
分析:如果早读课内容枯燥, 无疑会压抑学生们的学习积极性。从信息反馈看, 有75.7%的学生在早读课上只背单词;读课文、读美文的比例微小。要想使学生喜欢读, 早读课内容上的选择很关键, 笔者认为, 作为老师, 除了指导学生进行有效的单词、课文等方面的朗读背诵外, 还要帮助学生选择一些语言优美、韵律感强的朗读材料, 这样可以激发学生对语言本身的兴趣爱好, 有利于提高学生的文化素质和语言运用能力。
(9) 你有否对自己的早读课表现进行自我评价及总结?
A.经常有 (5.6%)
B.有 (7.1%)
C.很少 (45.0%)
D.几乎没有 (42.3%)
分析:关于自我评价及总结方面, 选择很少或几乎没有的同学占大多数 (87.3%) 。《英语课程标准》指出, 学生应在评价中发挥主体作用。课后总结过程是一个充分运用大脑对需要记忆的内容进行删除、替换、重组和保留信息的充满学问的过程。早读课后许多学生并无自我评价, 也没总结, 导致了他们缺乏对自己学习上的思考和认知, 没有学习积极性。
(10) 你觉得英语老师对你进行早读课的学法指导有必要吗?
A.非常有必要 (66.4%)
B.有必要 (13.6%)
C.可有可无 (15.2%)
D.没有必要 (4.8%)
分析:从信息反馈看, 老师应在日常教学中适时对学生进行早读课的学法指导, 提高他们的早读效率。
3. 早读课影响因素:
通过问卷调查与访谈, 影响学生早读课效率的因素主要有:学生对早读课的重要性认识、对学习的主动性和积极性的认识、“读”的技能的掌握等方面。
三、策略的研究
爱因斯坦曾说过:成功=刻苦学习+正确方法+不说空话。因此, 良好的学习方法就是成功的法宝。要想有一堂有效的早读课, 就必须尝试从以下做起。
(一) 明确早读课的重要性。
As the old saying goes, A day`s plan starts with morning.早读是人的记忆高效期, 学生通过大声朗读, 不但能增强记忆效果, 而且能有效地将语言的音和形结合起来, 从而更深入地习得这种语言。心理学告诉我们:朗读就是用清晰响亮的标准语音有感情地读出文章, 是将书面语转化为有声语言的活动。通过朗读, 能很好地培养学习者的语感, 提高学习者品行修养。而早读课就是培养学生这种综合运用语言能力的主要阵地。
(二) 合理早读课的计划性。
在访谈中, 笔者发现很多同学要5-10分钟以后才能进入早读的状态, 这对于只有25或30分钟的一堂早读课来说, 这部分时间的浪费很是可惜。因此, 在早读课前, 学生们要提前做出合理的安排, 在老师的指导下, 明确早读课的具体内容, 做好充分的准备, 在最短的时间进入早读的状态, 以免出现早读课上被动、漫无目的地读, 读后也不知所云的现象。有些学生在读了10多分钟后, 把早读课的时间用来做其他科的作业, 甚至用来补觉, 这些都源于学生缺乏合理的计划。在读的方式上, 学生们也应该根据不同的材料, 选择不同的读法。日本心理学家高木重朗曾说过:“一般来说, 朗读比较能记住东西, 尤其是头脑不清醒的时候, 更应该清楚地朗读出声音来”。因此大声朗读, 能使早读课真正活跃起来。而有些学习材料, 由于他们本身的特点以及所需掌握的程度, 则应采取边写边读的方式, 把所读之处重要单词、短语、句型记下来, 这样任务明确, 学习者也不易开小差。 (如下) 。
例:The doctor treated her headache with a new medicine, but didn’t cure her.On the contrary, her injured leg healing nicely.
(三) 丰富早读课的内容。
如果早读课长时间读一种内容, 学生就会容易感到疲劳。在访谈中, 不少学生都觉得早读课就是背单词, 是一件很枯燥的事。因此, 教师宜在早读课前把要读的内容提前写在黑板上, 并建议学生结合自己的实际情况, 做好合适的早读计划。笔者建议学生把早读课分成三个时段, 每个时段有不同的早读内容, 虽然每个时段只有10分钟左右, 但长时间坚持下来, 也是一个很丰厚的积累。
1、早读课第0-10分钟时段:词汇诵读。
语言研究专家束定芳指出, “语言由语音、词汇和语法三大要素构成, 其中词汇是最明显的承载文化信息、反映人类社会文化生活的工具。由此可见词汇是英语学习的关键。高二的学生, 他们需要掌握的主要是现阶段的模块词汇, 因此, 学生们在早读课上大声朗读单词, 注意音形义结合, 强化单词的拼写能力。同时结合教科书配套材料, 朗读延伸词块、例句, 这样在语境中学习的单词不易遗忘, 也能促进词汇的整体感知。在读”addicted”时, 学生先记忆词块“be/become addicted to”拓展词块“addict oneself to sth.”然后诵读例句: (1) He became addicted to the drug. (2) The boy addicts himself to computer games and his parents feel worried.学生边读边写, 做到眼到、心到、口到、手到。仅仅是这样是不够的, 周大明 (2014) 认为, 新词必须融入已知词汇的关联网络, 并经常提取和应用, 才能逐渐成为永久记忆的信息。学生在读“addicted”时, 联想到:“be lost in;be bured in;be absorbed in;be involved in”, 如此便提高了所学词汇的复现率, 减少遗忘。
2、早读课第10-20分钟时段:篇章诵读。
虽然这个时段才10分钟, 但长时下来, 学生们的篇章诵读也能读出丰富的内容来。 (以人教版Book 5 Unit 4 Making the news为例。)
(1) 回归课文。
俗话说“书读百遍, 其义自见”。学生们使用的人教版教材, 内容贴近学生的生活, 有时代气息, 所使用的语言也地道、真实。因此, 学生们在早读课上反复朗读课文, 并背诵其中的一些佳句, 既夯实了基础, 又增强了语感, 为学生写作方面也提供了很好的模仿与借鉴。
例1:Unit 4 Reading部分, 以对话的形式, 一个新闻记者讲述了他的第一次难忘的工作经历。在朗读时, 学生可以分角色, 增加早读课的趣味性。在读的过程中, 学生除了能积累一些好词好句, 如:concentrate on, have a good“nose”for;Here comes my list of dos and don`ts. (倒装句) Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.还能了解一个新闻记者的工作, 增加课外知识。
(2) 开发课文。
新课程提出, 对教材需要进行适当的、科学性的补充和删减, 或是资源的整合, 即对教材进行“二次开发”。在早读课上, 把课文内容的整合材料利用多媒体设备投放出来, 让学生朗读。
例2:To the reporters, it’s unnecessary for them to take a camera because they have professional photographers with them.The reporters should be curious and they must have a nose for a story.They know how to acquire the information they need.While interviewing, they won’t be rude, they won’t talk too much themselves, and they listen to the interviewee carefully.They will listen to the detailed facts and ask new questions.There is a trick of the trade, that is, with the permission of the interviewer, they would use recorders which could keep the evidence to help support their story.
这是对课文Reading教材的概要, 其中划线部分可以让学生以笔头练习的形式先填出来再读, 也可以直接呈现, 通过设置不同颜色的字体, 引起学生的注意。学生们读后的感觉就和读课文原文的感觉不一样了, 又再现了一些重点词块。
(3) 延伸课文。
学生们接触的报刊, 教辅材料中, 经常会有课文的同话题文章, 在早读课上可以进行朗读。
例3:Interviewing is one of the most basic tasks in journalism and also an important skill for any jourbailst.A“source”-anyone a journalist interviews-can provide the following elements that are important in any news stories, including basic facts, background on the topic being discussed and direct quotes.
It`s an old debate among print journalists works better when interviewing a source, taking notes or using a cassette or digital voice recorder.Both have their advantages and disadvantages.A reporter`s notebook and a pen or a pencil are the easy-to–use, time-honored tools for interviewing, while recorders enable you to get everything someone says word-for-word.Which works better?It depends on what kind of story journalists are doing.
Many green reporters complain that with a notebook and pen they can never take down everything a source says in an interview, and they worry about writing fast enough in order to get quotes exactly right.They always want to take the most thorough notes possible.But remember, you don`t have to take everything a source says.Keep in mind that you`re probably not going to use everything they say in your story.So don`t worry if you miss a few things here and there.
So you`ve done a long interview with a source, you have pages of notes, and you`re ready to write.But chances are you`ll only be able to fit a few quotes from that long interview into your article.Which one should you use?Reporters often talk about using only“good”quotes for their stories, but what does this mean?Broadly speaking, good quotes are those that are interesting or said in a very interesting way.
学生在反复朗读这篇文章后, 能进一步了解新闻采访工作的一些知识, 加深了对课文话题的理解。此外, 文章中的一些新的词汇的出现, 增加了学生们的词汇量。
3. 早读课第20-30分钟时段:美文诵读。
(1) 诗歌是高中英语学习中不可缺的一部分。英语诗歌语言优美, 韵律感强, 而且文化内涵丰富, 是基础英语教学中很有潜力的教学资源, 重复开发和利用这一资源, 可以激发学生对语言本身的兴趣和热爱 (林景鸿, 2007) 。英语教材中, 除了模块6中的诗歌单元外, 在一些单元后面, 也有一些诗歌, 供学生们早读课上朗读。
例4:Book 5 Unit 3 Dreaming (by Rachel Burns)
Dream, dreaming of tomorrow
what it will be
Dreaming of my future
The life that is ahead of me
…
对于这些诗歌, 学生们可以进行单独朗诵或小组朗读, 提高自己对诗歌美的欣赏能力, 感受美文的气息。
(2) 学生还可以利用这个时段背诵一些优美的范文。美文可以从书面表达的范文中来, 也可以从学生的习作中选择, 这样既能增加学生们对写作信息的输入, 还能鼓励学生们写出好的文章, 增强学生的创作信心。
(四) 开展早读课的评价
早读课后的评价就像一面镜子, 能让学生在评价中不断纠正、提升自己。课标要求, 英语课程的评价体系, 既要体现主体的多元化, 评价形式也要多样化。英语早读课的评价主体, 可以是学生自己、也可以是同伴、教师。形式上, 可以采用朗读竞赛, 评出班级朗诵之星;也可以开展英语谚语、俗语背诵大比拼, 提高学生们的学习兴趣。此外, 也可以采用传统的评价方式:听写、默写, 来检测学生早读课的效果。合理地设置评价体系, 能有效地发挥早读课指导功能, 使学生在长期的早读中提升对早读课的认识和效率。
四、结束语
早读课是学生语言学习的输入环节, 教师要强化这种意识, 积极探索帮助学生提高早读课效率的有效方法, 指导学生把所学语言灵活地输出, 运用到英语学习中。As we know, a good method is half done.
参考文献
[1]教育部, 普通高中英语课程标准 (实验) [S].北京:人民教育出版社, 2003
[2]普通高中课程标准实验教科书英语必修5[T].北京:人民教育出版社, 2010
[3]束定芳, 庄智象, 现代外语教学、理论、实践与方法[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1996
3.高二英语课程 篇三
关键词：新课程；高二；实验；化学
目前，我国的高中化学实验教学，在整体上并没有出现严重的问题。可从近几年的教学来看，部分教师的方法表现为灌输式模式，基本上很少考虑学生的想法，直接通过自身多年的教学经验来强加灌输，最终的教学成绩并不理想，师生之间的关系也表现出一定的矛盾状态，整体上未达到预期的成就。高二化学实验过程中，一定是要以学生为主，各个方面的教学都不能出现较为严重的缺失，否则将直接导致学生的能力下降、学习效果不突出。
一、实验要符合学生的心理发展水平，增强趣味性、体验性
从教学本身来分析，高二化学实验所占有的比重较大，基本上每一节课程，都需要通过相应的实验来完成，可是考虑到教学资源的限制，仅仅能够在部分课程上进行实验教学。所以，教师对实验本身应高度重视，不能单纯地按照自己的意愿来开展。建议在今后的高二化学实验当中，必须积极符合学生的心理发展水平，同时在多个方面增强趣味性和体验性，要让学生了解到教与学的互动。
1.教师在选择实验的时候，应该对学生的心理预期进行分析，包括是否可以接受实验的内容、是否可以完成动手操作的标准、是否能够积极地配合等。高二化学实验的知识点特别多，学生容易产生心理上的较大压力。教师在引导的过程中，应该适当地将实验趣味性、体验性，保证学生在一个相对轻松的环境中学习，从而使思路更加清晰，提高学习成绩。
2.在开展高二化学实验的过程中，要求学生具有良好体验，要切实了解知识的挖掘过程，而不是直接将实验与理论成果进行套用。当下的教学工作，非常讲究灵活性，如果学生仅仅是在机械性地重复实验操作，并不能得到预期的教学效果。为此，教师应指导学生做实验的过程中，一定要设定差异化的目的，让学生从一个知识点挖掘到另一个知识点，并且紧密结合实验来分析，消除死记硬背产生的不良影响。
二、加强实验教学的探究性，培养学生的创新能力
在现代教学中，学生占有的主体地位越来越明显，教师处于客体地位，从而保证学生在学习过程中，掌握足够的主动性，避免教师过多的干预。高二化学实验过程中，新课标的要求非常突出，学生自身不仅要对书本知识充分了解，同时还必须在创新能力上加以巩固，要持续加强化学实验的探究性。
1.学生在学习的过程中，教师必须设定多元化的实验目的。现如今，书本上的知识并不多，虽然在公式定理方面仍然体系健全，可是内容的删减比较突出。此举的目的在于，让学生通过化学实验的方法，更好地进行探究，而不是直接拥有“现成的知识”。在化学实验的操作方面，教师加以适当的指导，在绝对安全的情况下，要求学生自主寻找正确的实验方法、仪器安装等等，教师密切地观察、发现问题并及时批评指正，保证学生朝正确的方向学习。
2.化学是一门非常有趣的学科，在实验的过程中，教师还应该让学生充分思考，不同的化学反应物、化学条件被改变和替代以后，会产生怎样的效果，该如何替代。由此，可以引出更多的知识点，保证学生的学习日趋深入。
三、渗透绿色化学思想
绿色化学是当前化学研究领域的重要内容，遵循的是绿色化学的十二条准则。也就是在试验中尽可能减少有害物的产生或者彻底消除有害物。高二化学实验的实施，已经涉及很多的化工基础生产内容、日常化工内容。为此，在教育学生开展化学实验时，应该积极地渗透绿色化学的思想，消除各种不足和缺失，保证学生的化学实验方法正确无误。化学实验中要求学生在实验现象明显直观、操作简便的前提下，充分考虑微型微量实验、有害物质的使用和排放等问题，使学生在实验中自觉感受到化学与环境的密切关系，自觉形成环境保护从我做起的意识。
本文对新课程标准实施中的高二化学实验展开讨论，从已经获得的教学成果来看，学生对于化学实验的掌握较为熟练，多数学生可以更好地进行实验操作，整体上符合预期效果。今后，应该对高二化学实验教学开展深入讨论，从多个方面进行研究和完善，为学生的成绩提升以及能力巩固做出更大的贡献。
参考文献：
4.高二英语课程 篇四
主讲：郑天德 (苏州中学)
[教学内容]
高中英语第二册(上)
教学要求：
1、掌握本单元的单词，词组与句型。
2、学会几句常用口语：
Don’t you think that Ireland belongs to the UK? 你不认为爱尔兰属于联合王国吗?
I’m not so sure about that. 我吃不准。
No, you are wrong thinking so. 不，你这样想是借的。
Surely it must be an independent republic. 它一定是个独立的共和国。
I believe that you’ve got it right. 你想你对了。
3、语法：名词性从句⑴
[知识重点与学习难点]
1、The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.
大不列颠由三个国家组成，这个事实许多人还不知道。
这里that…是名词性从句作同位语，是指这个事实。make up是主动式，上句可改成：
Three counties make up Great Britain.
被动式总是be made up of = consist of 意为由……组成，其中of不能代之by。
make up其他一些常见用法：
John made up a joke about the talking dog. 约翰编了一个会讲话狗的笑话。
You must make up the work you missed. 你一定得把你没做完的工作补上。
Most women make up (their faces). 大多数女人都化妆。
Pay increases will not always make up for poor working conditions.
增加工资不总是能弥补恶劣的工作条件。
2、The British Isles are a group of islands that lies off the west coast of Europe.
不列颠群岛是位于欧洲西海岸外面的一群岛屿。
群岛作为整体集合作单数，作为许多岛屿也可作复数处理，所以这出现了are与lies似乎矛盾的现象。
off the coast 指海岸外，在海上。 on the coast 指在海岸线上，海边，大陆上。
见例：
The city lies on the west coast of America. 这城市位于美国西海岸。
The small island lies 70 miles off the east coast of America.
这小岛位于美国东海岸外70英里处。
3、In the summer months the difference in temperature between London and the north can be as much as nine degrees. 夏日伦敦与北方的温差可达九度。
There could be as many as six hundred thousand sheep fed within six miles of Salisbury, measuring every way round and the town in the center.
计算一下以索尔兹伯里市为中心的方圆六英里内，养有多达60万只羊。
这里as much as与as many as同义，多达……，但温度是不可数名词(尽管degrees是复数)只能用as much as，而羊是可数名词当然用as many as …，又例：
The maglev can move as much as 400 kilometers per hour.
磁悬浮列车的速度每小时高达400公里。
They have built as many as 180 bridges so far. 至今为止他们造了多达180座桥。
4、make use of, make the best of及make the most of：
这三个短语都有利用之意，但有细别：
make use of 利用
Do you want to make use of the waste paper? 你要利用这些废纸吗?
You should make good use of your spare time. 你应该好好利用你的空余时间。
The main use they make of the satellite is to broadcast TV programs.
他们利用这卫星的主要用途是传播电视节目。
make the most of 充分利用
George studied hard. He wanted to make the most of his chance to learn.
full use
乔治努力学习。他要充分利用他的学习机会。
make the best of，尽量利用，善用，含有使不利变有利的意义：
Make the best of your limited time. 善用你有限的时间。
We have lost the train, but we must make the best of it.
我们误了火车，但我们必须尽量不弄得更糟。
Since we can’t find a bigger apartment, we’ll have to make the best of what we have.
既然我们找不到更大的公寓，就得好好适应我们的现状。
5、It is twenty five miles across the fields to Salisbury. 跨越25英里的田野到达索尔兹伯里。
这里用across不用from，因田野是一片不是一个地点，from … to是指两点之间：
It is 2 kilometers from my home to school. 从我家到学校有2公里。
It is 500 miles across the desert to the small town. 越过沙漠到这个小镇要走500英里。
小结it的无人称用法：
①上述例子it是指距离。
②可指时间：
It’s 5.00 now. It is Monday today.
③指天气：
It’s warm. It rains every day.
④指环境：
It is noisy in the classroom. It is very beautiful beside the lake.
6、As we traveled through this country, we saw many old relics from ancient times and ruin of the native population of this kingdom.
我们旅行穿过乡村时，看到了许多古代的文物，还有这个王国土著人的废墟。
这句as与when同义，更强调同步，含一边旅行，一边观光之意，又例：
Helen listened to music as she washed. He washed as he passed.
As it grew darker, it became colder.
7、It is built where two rivers come together. 它建于两河交汇处。
where是地点状语从句：
I found the books where I left them.
Where there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
8、kind与sort。
两词同义，但sort可作动词，作分类解。
①表示种类：
all kinds/sorts of books/food 各种书/食物
different
many 许多种书/食物
three 三种书/食物
this kind/sort of book/food或books/food this kind/sort 这种书/食物
that that 那种书/食物
a kind/sort of book/food 一种书/食物
of a kind/sort 贬义：
They are all of a kind/sort. 他们都是一类人。
a poet of a kind/sort 蹩脚诗人 coffee of a kind/sort 劣质咖啡
②转义：
He is a kind /sort of genus. 他可算一个天才。
I feel kind of cold. 我觉得有点冷。
sort
She kind of hoped he would come. 她多少有点希望他会来。
sort of
9、Although a small country, it has an amazing history of over 5000 years.
虽然是个小国但它有5000多年的惊人的历史。
这Although是省略从句 = Although it is a small country, …如改成in spite of或despite则应：
In spite of being a small country, being不去掉为宜。
Despite
10、Since Ireland became independent, the Irish government has recognized that if nothing is done, this part of Irish culture will disappear.
自从爱尔兰独立以来，爱尔兰政府已经认识到如果不采取对策，爱尔兰文化会灭亡。
recognize的一些常见用法：
I recognize you now; you were my neighbor ten years ago.
我认出你了;你是我十年前的邻居。
He recognized that he was not fit for the post. 他认识到(承认)他不能胜任这个职位。
I recognize your right to ask that question. 我承认你有权问这个问题。
They agreed to recognize the republic in the end.
他们最后终于同意承认这个共和国。
[语法] 名词性从句⑴
该单元讲述that型名词性从句，该从句可看作由陈述句转换来，只要前置that：
That earth goes around the sun. → that the earth goes around the sun
1、作主语：
That the earth goes around the sun is known to all.
或形式主语先行：
It is known to all that ….
2、作宾语：
Even a child knows that the earth goes around the sun.
Though Galileo made it clear that … , most people didn’t believe him.(形式宾语先行)
that型名词性从句一般不作介词宾语。
3、作表语：
The fact is that the earth goes around the sun.
4、作同位语：
People didn’t agree to the truth that the earth goes around the sun until the 16th century.
[同步练习]
一、单项选择：
1、Japan lies ______ the east coast of China.
A. to B. in C. on D. off
2、If you pay attention, you’ll find ______ 50 dogs around this block.
A. as much as B. as many as C. so much as D. so many as
3、_______ brave, they got defeated at last. Choose the wrong answer:
A. Though B. Despite C. Although they were D. Inspire of being
4、The world-famous jewel is made _____ four parts, each of which is made _____ diamond.
A. up of, of B. of, up of C. up for, from D. into, of
5、Defeated in the war, England had to _________ the independence of America.
A. agree B. recognize C. accept D. promise
6、I’ve only found some rice in the refrigerator, so we have to _______ of it.
A. make the most B. make full use C. make the best D. make good use
7、Because they walked into a very crowded street the little kid got ______ from them soon.
A. separated B. lost C. missing D. away
8、After the civil war, a new school was put up _____ there had once been a church.
A. in which B. when C. where D. on which
9、What those high officials say is often different from ______ they are doing.
A. how B. what C. that D. when
10、It is certain _________ we will land on Mars some day.
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
二、阅读理解：
In 1909 an English newspaper offered ￡1000 to the first man to fly across the English Channel in a plane. Today, modern jets cross it in minutes. But at that time it still seemed a good distance. The race to win the money soon became a race between two men. Both were very colorful.
One was Louis Bleriot, who owned a factory in France that made motorcar lamps. He was already well known as a pilot because he had crashed several times. Some people laughed at him. One man said, “He may not be the first to fly across the Channel, but he will certainly be the first to die in a crash!” But Bleriot was really a good and brave pilot.
The other man was Hubert Latham. He took up flying when his doctors told him he had only a year to live. “Oh, well,” he said, “if I’m going to die soon, I think I shall have a dangerous and interesting life now.” Latham was the first to try the flight across the Channel. Ten kilometers from the French coast, his plane had engine trouble. It crashed into the water and began to sink under the water. When a boat reached him. Latham was smoking calmly on the wing. Bleriot took off six days later. He flew into some very bad weather and very low cloud. Finally he got to the English side and landed in a farmer’s field. When he did so, a customs officer rushed up to his plane and asked, “Have you anything to declare?”
1、Bleriot had once been regarded as __________.
A. the first man crossing the Channel B. an excellent factory manager
C. an unskilled pilot D. a good and brave pilot
2、What happened just before Latham’s plane sank under the water?
A. A boat came in time to save him. B. He cried out for help.
C. The weather became worse and worse.
D. Something was seriously wrong with one of the wings.
3、Bleriot started his flight across the Channel __________.
A. but crashed into the water B. and almost crashed in low cloud over France
C. but had to turn back when his engine went wrong
D. and succeeded in reaching England
4、We can conclude that in the end __________.
A. nether Bleriot nor Latham won the race
B. Bleriot won ￡1000 offered by the newspaper
C. Latham won ￡1000 offered by the newspaper
D. ￡1000 was shared between Latham and Bleriot
5、What kind of man would you say Hubert Latham was?
A. He was not interested in life. B. He was full of courage.
C. He was a bit foolish. D. He was very proud of his flying skill.
参考答案
一、1、D 2、B 3、B 4、A 5、B 6、C 7、A 8、C 9、B 10、A
5.高二英语课程 篇五
主讲：郑天德 (苏州中学)
[教学内容]
高二英语第二册(上)
[教学要求]
1、掌握本单元的单词，词组与句型。
2、学会几句常用口语：
I’m interested to read some Shakespeare’s sonnets.
我有兴趣读点莎士比亚的十四行诗。
I’ve never heard of Robert Frost, so I’m very interested in his poems.
我从没听说过罗伯特弗罗斯特，所以我对他的诗很有兴趣。
I think it (will be ) too difficult to write a sonnet.
我想写一首十四行诗太难了。
I don’t know much about John Milton except his “Paradise Lost”.
我除了他的“失乐园”，对约翰弥尔顿不甚了解。
3、语法：过去分词作状语。
[知识重点与学习难点]
一、重要单词：
poem poetry poet intention recite pattern dialogue sort fantasy grammar glory sonnet absence district isle atmosphere introduction embrace tale shade extraordinary idiom crow mood apart insane essay recommend contribute
二、重点词组：
play with … 玩要……，与……一起玩
call up 唤起，调动，打电话
stand out 出类拔萃，突出
come into being 出现，形式
[难点讲解]
1、More than any other form of literature, poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar.
诗歌胜过任何其他文学形式更灵活地运用声音，词汇与语法。
上句中more than的用法是习语，又例：
They were more than glad to help. 他们非常乐意来帮忙。
He was more than upset by the accident.
对那个事故他远不止是烦恼。
Newspapers and other media do more than simply record what happens.
报纸与其他媒体不仅仅是记录发生的事情而已。
(注意比较上述例句的译文。)
play的常见用法：
v.t. play football 踢足球 play cards 打牌
play chess 下棋
play the piano 弹钢琴
the violin 拉小提琴
与……比赛/下棋……
We’ll play Class 3 at football.
Will you play me at chess?
Smith is playing the former champion in the tennis match.
史密斯正在与前网球冠军比赛。
New York played Chicago for the baseball championship.
纽约与芝加哥争夺棒球冠军。
另有：
play “Hamlet” 演“汉姆雷特”这出戏
play (“the role/part of ”) Julie 扮演朱丽叶这角色
play a trick on … 捉弄
a joke
v.i. 玩，玩弄
Children like to play.
Can Bob come out to play with me? 鲍勃能出来和我一起玩吗?
The cat is playing with a football. 这猫正在玩一个足球。
He is a playboy. He’s always playing with a girl’s affections.
他是个花花公子，他总是玩弄女孩的感情。
2、Poetry also calls up all the colors, feelings, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
诗歌也能唤起梦幻世界中的一切色彩、情感、经历与各种奇妙的形象。
这里call up意为remind，唤起，但用法上有异，试比较：
His story called up (in my mind) a terrible experience I had last year.
reminded me of
他的故事使我想起我去年的一次可怕的经历。
3、Modern English started around the time of William Shakespeare towards the end of the sixteenth century.
现代英语大约是在16世纪末莎士比亚时代开始的。
around大约，与about同义，在不定的数词前some也有此义：
He is only about/around/some five feet tall.
The journey will take us about/around/some ten days.
The date of his death may be set around/about 86 B.C.
He lived about/around the same time as Einstein.
towards用于时间，意为快到，临近：(注意与until比较)
We arrived at the village towards 9 o’clock. (We didn’t arrive at the village until 9 o’clock.)
The rain stopped towards morning. (The rain didn’t stop until morning.)
4、John Keats died at a very young age in 1821;while William Wordsworth, who spent much of his time in the English Lake District, lived to the age of 80 and died in 1850.
约翰济慈英年早逝于18，而威廉华兹华斯很长时间在英格兰湖区渡过，享年80岁，1850年逝世。
这里to意为到(某时)常可用till/until代之，意义不变：
To/Until the day of his death he kept up his studies.
He teaches from morning to/till four o’clock..
但否定句不能用until/till替换。
I didn’t stay to the end of the meeting. 我没耽到会议结束。
(cf. I didn’t leave until the end of the meeting. 我直到会议结束才走。这句如用持续动词stay，会有歧义，无法理解。)
5、The style and atmosphere in their poems has often led to comparisons with poets such as Du Fu and Li Bai. 他们的诗作的风格与气氛常常导致与杜甫、李白的比较。
①领导，带领之意，不跟to do：
He led the Allied forces during the war. 他在战争期间领导盟军。
The Party leads us (in) building socialism. 党领导我们建设社会主义。
He led a human right movement in the late 1980s. 他在80年代领导一场人权运动。
②使某人做某事：
What led him to run away? 什么使他逃之夭夭?
The news leads me to believe that they will come. 这个消息使我相信他们会来的。
③lead to导致，to是介词。
Herd work leads to success. All roads lead to Rome.
The heavy rain led to a flood.
偶尔也用作v.t.：
What led you to (drawing) this conclusion? 什么导致你得出这个结论?
6、The introduction of English poetry to China came late. 英语诗歌传入中国比较晚。
动词introduce的使用，有一定难度，注意以下用法：
①介绍人与人之间的认识：
Allow me to introduce my friend Mr. Smith to you.
The chairman introduced the lecturer to the audience.
Have you been introduced? 你被引见了吗?
②介绍，使人们了解一种知识，运动或艺术等等。直接宾语是被介绍对象：
It was my cousin who introduced me to jazz.
My father introduced me to the game of baseball.
Let me introduce you to Keats’ long poems.
③传入，引入
Too many kinds of GM food have been introduced to China, which may bring about side effects.
Wang Shuo introduced the slang of Beijing street gangs into his novels.
王朔把北京街痞子的俚语引入了他的小说。
7、Besides, no matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. 一首诗不管译得多好，都会失去原作的神韵。
no matter how well …是让步状语从句，让我们小结一下让步状语从句的一些结构：
He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.
I’ll do it, even if/even though it takes all the afternoon.
Tall as/though he was, (yet) he couldn’t reach the apples.
Though/Although he was tall,
虽然他很高，但是他还是够不到那些苹果。
(可以与yet连用，但不能与but/however连用)
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
while作虽然解时，不能放在主句之后。
No matter what I did, no one paid any attentions. 不管我做什么，没有人理睬。
Whatever
Don’t believe the rumour, no matter who repeats it.
whoever
The book will be ready for him (no matter) whether he comes or not.
No matter how hard she worked, she failed the exam in the end.
However hard
No matter when and how the invaders come, they will be wiped out clean.
不管侵略者何时来怎样来，他们将被消灭干净。
(注意这里有when and how两个连词一般不用whenever and however并列替换。)
8、I started with small poems, but now I think I most like long poems.
我一开始读些短诗，但现在我想我最喜欢长诗了。
begin with, start with意为以什么为开始，一开始做什么，一般with后面不接动名词，只接名词、代词：
I began with some short stories.
reading some short stories. ×
我一开始读(或写，根据当时情景而理解)一些短篇小说。
He is starting with grammar.
teaching grammar. ×
他将先讲语法。
9、I close my book and my sadness is gone. 合上书本我的悲伤也就消失了。
gone是少数几个其过去分词可作非谓语的不及物动词之一，意为过去的，消失的，丢失的等等：
Her diamond necklace was gone. (表语)
I found my wallet gone. (宾补)
Don’t regret the gone case. (定语)
cf: He has gone. 他走了或他离开了。
He is gone. 他死了或他失踪了。
10、After Milton, almost every poet had a hand at this kind of poetry that was free of rhyme.
弥尔顿之后，几乎每一位诗人都写过这种无韵自由诗。
have a hand at/in … 参考，做过一点……，插手……
He had a hand at the gamble when he was young. 他年轻时干过赌博这行当。
None of your business, don’t have a hand in (it). 不要插手，与你无关。
He once had a hand at photography before he became an artist.
他成为画家前搞过摄影。
11、Modern poets wanted to break with all the traditional forms of poetry.
现代诗人要破除诗歌的传统形式。
这里break with = break away from
I should break with/break away from such habits.
He broke away from/broke with all his old friends.
[语法] 过去分词作状语
1、过去分词作状语进，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语：
Moved by the movie, Jane burst into tears. (原因)
Heated to 100℃, water boils. (条件/时间)
The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students. (方式/伴随状况)
上述过去分词作状语都有被动意义，可改成以下从句：
Because/As she was moved by the movie, …
If/When it is heated to 100℃, …
…, who was followed by a group of students.
前两句是状语从句，最后一句却是非限制性定语从句。
2、过去分词作状语时，为了强调条件让步时间等意义，常前置连词，常见的有：when, if, unless, until, till, once, although, though, even if, etc,但引导时间状语的while一般不能接过去分词，因为过去分词的完成过去的意义与之有矛盾：
Experience, when dearly bought, is of great value.
Once seen, it will be impressed in your memory.
John, don’t speak until spoken to.
Unless asked, you should keep silent.
If given another ten minutes, I’ll finish sending the email.
He is very modest though praised by all.
Even if taken good care of, the man was not satisfied.
同步练习
一、单项选择：
1、Who are you going to ________ in the tennis match?
A. play with B. play C. be played D. have played
2、They completed the new lab building _______ the end of summer vacation.
A. to B. until C. towards D. by
3、She introduced _____________.
A. Suzhou gardens to American friends
B. American friends to Suzhou gardens
C. American friends Suzhou gardens
D. Suzhou gardens for American friends
4、The computer __________. Choose the wrong answer:
A. belongs to Tom B. belongs to mine
C. is his D. is Tom’s
5、Jack’s surfing the net far into the night led to __________ to school again the next day.
A. come late B. coming late C. come later D. coming later
6、More and more students are ______ the Net these years.
A. interested to surf B. interested surfing
C. interest in surfing D. interested to surfing
7、Nowadays many people ______ the habit of staying up watching TV till midnight.
A. fall B. fall in C. fall into D. fall with
8、Teddy decided to ______ the street gang.
A. break away with B. break from C. break away D. break with
9、_________ the question, he didn’t know what to say.
A. Asking B. Asked C. To ask D. Having asked
10、Though __________ much money, yet he became a beggar a few weeks later.
A. giving B. having given C. being given D. given
二、英诗汉译：
以下是美国诗人朗弗罗(Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 1807-1882)的一首名诗“生命颂”，请将它译成中文：
A PSALM OF LIFE
WHAT THE HEART OF YOUNG MAN SAID TO THE PSALMIST
Tell me not, in mournful numbers,
“Life is but an empty dream!”
For the soul is dead that slumbers,
And things are not what they seem.
Life is real! Life is earnest!
And the grave is not its goal:
“Dust thou art, to dust returnest,”
Was not spoken of the soul.
Not enjoyment, and not sorrow.
Is our destined end or way;
But to act, that each to-morrow
Find us farther than to-day.
Art is long, and Time is fleeting,
And our hearts, though stout and brave,
Still, like muffled drums, are beating
Funeral marches to the grave.
In the world’s broad field of battle,
In the bivouac of Life,
Be not like dumb, driven cattle!
Be a hero in the strife!
Trust no Future, howe’er pleasant!
Let the dead Past bury its dead!
Act, -act in the living Present!
Heart within, and God o’erhead!
Lives of great men all remind us
We can make our lives sublime,
And, departing, leave behind us
Footprints on the sands of time;
Footprints, that perhaps another,
Sailing o’er life’s solemn main,
A forlorn and shipwrecked brother,
Seeing, shall take heart again.
Let us, then, be up and doing,
With a heart for any fate;
Still achieving, still pursuing,
Learn to labor and to wait.
参考答案
一、1、B 2、C 3、B 4、B 5、B 6、A 7、C 8、D 9、B 10、D
二、难点注译：
生命颂
第1行 numbers 韵律，语调
第7行 thou art = you are returnest = return
第18行 bivouac 露营地
第21行 howe’er = however
第24行 o’erhead = overhead
第26行 sublime 崇高，伟大
第27行 departing 逝世
第30行 main 海洋(诗歌用语)
第32行 take heart 得到鼓舞
6.高二数学教本课程教学计划 篇六
通过数学应用风暴课程的实施，使学生享受学习的快乐，初步学会用数学的思维方式去观察、分析现实社会，解决日常生活中和其他学科学习中的问题，增强应用数学的意识，具有初步的创新精神和实践能力，在体验的基础上，增强学习数学的美好情感，提高学生的综合能力。进而学会交际，学会展示，学会沟通，学会合作。
一、具体目标
1.知识与技能方面：获得适应未来社会生活和进一步发展所必须的重要数学知识，基本的数学思想方法和必要的应用技能。
2.数学思考方面：通过数学活动发展学生的形象思维与抽象思维，使学生能有条理地、清晰地表达自己的思考过程，发展其推理能力。
3.解决问题方面：初步学会从数学的角度提出问题、理解问题、解决问题；体验解决问题策略的多样性，发展其创新精神与实践能力；提高人际交流、沟通与合作能力；初步形成评价与反思的意识。
4.情感与态度方面：让学生在学习活动中获得成功的体验，建立自信心；培养学生对数学的好奇心与求知欲；让学生体验到数学活动充满着探索与创造，感受数学的严谨性，形成质疑和独立思考的习惯。
二、课程价值
1.可以充分挖掘每个学生的心智潜能，是促进学生个性全面和谐发展的基本通道。
2.可以集中体现学校的精神文化，彰显学校文化的精髓与功力，有利于学校特色文化的形成，品牌的打造。
3.有助于教师良好个性品质的形成，实现新课程下的师生共同发展。
三、课程内容
本课程根据学生的认知规律、实际情况及学校条件安排以下内容：
第一周 空间中的线面关系
第二周 函数的变化率与导数
第三周 函数的变化率与导数
第四周 函数的变化率与导数
第五周 导数在研究函数中的应用
第六周第七周第八周第九周 利用导数解决用料最省问题 导数处理选址最佳问题 用导数求利润最大问题 利用导数处理费用最省问题
数学逻辑推理
合情推理的应用讨论
演绎推理的应用讨论
数学思想和方法在推理中的应用 第十周 利用导数处理效率最高问题 第十一周 第十二周 第十三周 第十四周第十五周 复数题型研究
第十六周 函数与导数在生活中的应用
第十七周 函数与导数在平面几何中的应用
第十八周 函数与导数在立体几何中的应用
四、实施过程
1、总课时为18课时，每周1课时。
2、对象：高二年级数学爱好的学生。
3、组织形式：集体辅导、独自练习、分组活动、合作学习、实际操作、生活实践、调查研究等。
五、学习评价
强调评价主体的多元、评价主体的互动、评价形式的多样、评价内容的多元。评价的内容要生活化，要实现数学评价与其他学科的整合，评价要注重过程性、知识的生成性，发挥评价的激励、展示与促进功能。一看学生在学习过程中的表现，如情感态度价值观、积极性、参与状况等，着重达到发现、发展学生潜能的目的，帮助学生认识现实的自我，规划未来的自我，建立自信。二看学生的学习成果，学习成果可通过实践操作、竞赛、汇报表演、思维表现等形式展示。
7.高二英语学困生成因及转化对策 篇七
关键词：英语学困生；成因；转化对策
一、绪论
1.研究背景
随着信息时代的到来，国际交流越来越频繁，英语作为国际通用语，其重要性日益显著。新课程改革推行素质教育，要求最大限度地开发每一个学生的潜能，使每个学生的基本素质都得到提高，使每个学生都得到发展。值得注意的是，《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》的颁布，对高中生英语方面的学习提出了新的要求。
2.研究意义
以相关研究学困生的理论为指导，探讨高二英语学困生的成因，并提出转化对策，这对于促进高二英语学困生有效转化，实现提高学生英语教学质量，提升学生英语成绩等方面有着重要的意义。
二、高二英语学困生成因分析
1.学生自身因素
（1）学习方法不当。掌握科学的学习方法，养成良好的学习习惯是学好英语的第一步。研究表明，学习上的落后生，主要是不会学习造成的。学困生不懂得查漏补缺，不会对自身的英语学习进行总结分析，也没有养成预习、复习的良好习惯，在英语的复习、考试的错题处理等方面都存在着问题，在学习上十分被动。长期不当的学习方法，最终导致英语成绩越来越差，成为英语学困生。
（2）学习动机不强。学习动机主要表现在学习志向和愿望上。对于高中生来说，缺乏学习动机是难以取得令人满意成绩的主要原因，特别是对脑力劳动和毅力都有很高要求的英语学科，没有强烈的学习动机学生是根本无法坚持学习的。动机不强主要表现在缺乏学习兴趣上，学习兴趣是学习动机中最活跃的因素，它能激发学生的求知欲，但实际调查显示，对英语学习十分有兴趣的学生较少。学习兴趣的缺乏，必然导致学生在课堂上不愿意认真学习，课后也不愿多花时间去学习英语，英语成绩自然无法得到提升。
（3）学习意志薄弱。学习语言本身就是一个艰苦、复杂的过程，枯燥乏味的记诵是英语学习的主要构成部分，需要学生勤动口、勤动脑、勤动手，不断地克服各种困难，坚持不懈才能掌握英语学习的各项基本技能。在实际学习中，大部分学困生对于英语学习中不理解的地方，不愿寻根问底，不主动订正错误等。在课堂上，注意力不集中，常常开小差，意志力薄弱，听课全凭兴趣，对于作业也持懒散的态度。久而久之，与班上其他同学的距离越来越大。
2.外部环境因素
家庭教育也是一个十分重要的影响因素，许多家庭普遍存在家长文化水平低、缺乏正确教育方法的问题。一是家长缺少与孩子的沟通，对孩子在学校的学习情况、道德情况也不重视。孩子没有约束，养成了贪玩、不爱学习的坏习惯。二是在对孩子的教育上常常存在粗暴行为，对于孩子的一点过错就打骂，孩子考试成绩不理想时就训斥责骂，不给予任何鼓励，孩子的自尊受到伤害。长此以往，学生产生叛逆心理，学习态度也变得消极。
在学校方面，经调查发现，大部分学生认为英语教师在课堂上的讲解过于枯燥乏味，无法激发自己的学习兴趣。英语教学作为语言教学本身就十分枯燥无趣，这就对英语教师的教学提出了更高的要求，要使课堂更加生动有趣，激发学生的学习兴趣十分重要。
三、高二英语学困生转化的对策
1.家长对策
作为家长，要努力提高自己的科學文化水平，学习必要的心理学、教育学知识，提高自己的综合素质，教育子女树立正确的人生观、价值感、教育观。家长要经常主动与教师联系，及时了解子女在学校的情况，配合教师做好对学困生的帮教工作，协助教师提高子女的学习成绩。
2.学校对策
学校和教师应积极采取措施，转化学困生，提高教育质量。首先，要激发学生的学习动机。教师要适当降低标准，制订切实可行的目标，调动学困生的学习积极性；改进教学方法，激发学生的学习兴趣；善于发现学生的闪光点并及时表扬，激发学生的学习热情。其次，要培养学生的学习意志。教会学困生在学习中自我检查、自我监督、自我鼓励，有意识地要求学生去完成一些自己不感兴趣的学习任务，对学困生严格要求，帮助他们树立起战胜困难的信心和决心。最后，教师应努力提高自身素质。加强教学理论的研究与学习，提高自身的教学能力，同时结合所在学校实际情况，探索出适合学生发展的教学方法。
四、小结
高中英语学困生的成因是多方面的，需要教师、学校、家长、社会等各界的共同参与与努力，帮助学生走出英语学习的困境，全面提高英语成绩。
参考文献：
[1]綦建君.高中英语学困生的成因和转化策略分析[D].武汉：华中师范大学，2011.