大学英语作文万能套句(精选7篇)
1.大学英语作文万能套句 篇一
大学英语六级作文套句总结
by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.列举
for example, for instance, such as, take …for example.Except(for), to illustrate.时间
later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently,soon,now
and
then, during,nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards,temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.顺序
first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.可能
presumably, probably, perhaps.解释
in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.递进
What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.让步
although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.转折
however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on theother hand, unfortunately.whereas
原因
for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.结果
2.大学英语作文万能套句 篇二
一、引用材料, 恰如其分的引
引就是引述所给的材料, 然后引申出论点。引述材料可以是一句话, 一种现象, 一件事情或者是一份材料, 但无论是什么, 作为考场作文必须在第一自然段根据论点的需要进行引述, 然后点出文章的论点, 只有这样才能在不离题 (运用所给材料) 的情况下让评卷老师迅速地找到文章的论点, 做到先入为主。
对于引述材料要根据题中的材料和论点来有选择地进行。如果材料是一句话, 我们可以直接引用这句话并引出论点, 如2014年福建高考作文 : 提到空谷, 有人想到的是悬崖, 有人想到的是栈道桥梁, 可引出论点“不同心态的人有不同的看法”。2012年福建高考作文“运动中的赛跑, 是在有限的路程内看你使用了多少时间;人生中的赛跑, 是在有限的时间内看你跑了多少路程”, 可以引出“生命是有限但价值是无穷”。
如果题中材料是一则故事则要有所侧重选择。如根据寓言《滥竽充数》写一篇议论文 , 那么假如我的论点是“人必须具备真才实学”则可以这么引述 : 战国时期 , 南郭先生听到齐宣王喜欢听竽 , 并且要在百人同奏的消息 , 就报名给齐宣王演奏。其实 , 这个南郭先生根本不会吹竽 , 他只是混到乐队里来骗取银两的。后来齐宣王死了 , 儿子湣王继位 , 却不喜欢听合奏 , 要听独奏。南郭先生听说后 , 明白自己再也混不下去了 , 只好连夜逃走了。这里的侧重点是南郭处士 , 因为没有真才实学才导致他只能是连夜逃走 ; 而假如论点是“大锅饭为滥竽充数者创造了生存条件”则应这么引述:战国时期 , 齐宣王听音乐要三百人同奏 , 浩浩荡荡的乐队为南郭处士不会装会、不懂装懂创造了客观条件。齐湣王一继位 , 要听独奏。糟糕 ! 独奏让南郭处士混不下去了。这样的引述侧重介绍能让南郭处士在一段时间内混下去主要是因为有个三百人这个大锅才能让南郭处士有饭可吃 ; 再则假如论点是“不好的环境使滥竽充数者得以生存”则可以是这样引述 : 战国时期 , 齐宣王三百人浩浩荡荡的乐队里混入了一位假冒吹竽者。几年来, 乐队近三百名队员明知他是滥竽充数, 却不检举不报告, 听之任之, 明哲保身但求无过, 为南郭处士提供了生存的土壤。
这个引论主侧重引述一个浩浩荡荡的环境 , 但这环境中的任何一个人都想做个好好先生 , 他们都是认为反正不是拿我的钱 , 多一事不如少一事 , 而且不得罪人 , 这样环境就为南郭处士的生存创造了条件。
总之, 运用这种常规的开头方法可以帮助初学者纠正开头拖沓冗长, 以致兜了半天圈子还不知观点为何的通病。但切忌引用材料文字不宜太多 , 入题要快 , 而且做到选择的恰如其分的引述点出文章中心论点 , 论点可以是第一自然段的最后一句, 也可以是独立成段。
二、阐释论题, 承上启下的议
议是针对材料作出必要的分析。观点确立之后一般不急于列举材料进行论证, 在论证之前可以先对论题作精要的阐释或是对观点作提纲挈领的概括议论。这种议论是由“引论”到“本论”的过渡性文字, 在文中起着承上启下的作用, 它还会改变那种急于列举材料加以论证而忽略了必要的议论过渡的通病, 还可以防止论点极端化以后出现漏洞, 帮助我们纠正急于列举材料加以论证而忽略必要的议论作过渡的通病。一般来说观点提出后, 先要就以下两个方面进行议论:一是对论题作精要的阐释。如《谈骨气》紧扣“骨气”这个论题, 不仅用了孟子的名言来解释所谓的“英雄气概”意义, 又揭示了“坚定不渝地为当时的进步事业服务”的特征。二是对观点作提纲挈领的概括议论。如《说“勤”》中“古今中外凡有成就的人, 在他的人生履历上, 无不用汗水写着一个大字——勤”, 用精练的语言、概括的事实, 不仅对观点作出初步的总体论证, 还为论证选择材料确定了方向。这种议论在证明型议论文中起着上承观点下启具体论证的枢纽作用。当然还可以把几个分论点写成一段, 只要这个议能做到醒目, 结构清晰, 思路清楚就可以了。
总之 , 这个议就是把别人的话用自己的语言并结合论点进行议论, 有时也可以巧借名言, 只要能做到辩证分析, 符合观点, 短短几十字也可, 这样可以防止将论点极端化以后出现漏洞而使文章严密, 无懈可击。当然这个议也可以是从反面来分析, 从假设来理解。如论证论点“磨砺成就人生”可这样写:“假如司马迁在遭受宫刑后萎靡不振, 经不住挫折, 受不起磨砺, 自暴自弃, 他怎么会完成‘史家之绝唱, 无韵之离骚’的《史记》呢 ?”
三、运用材料, 展开论证的联
联是文章的主要部分 ( 主体部分 ) , 就是要来论证自己观点的正确性。学会精心选择和组织典型的事实论据, 这些论据可以是几个典型的材料各自构成一个层次进行论证, 也可以是多个材料归纳为几类、分几个层次进行论证等, 按照“提出分论点——概述材料 (事实论据) ——分析材料”, 即“分论点 + 事实论据 + 分析”这一结构进行。这是议论文的重要部分, 一般来说在考场中我们选择2-3个论据进行论证比较恰当。如以“勤奋, 成功的保证”为论点 , 进行联部分的写作 , 可以这样“业精于勤荒于嬉”, 一个人要想在事业上有所成就, 就必须勤奋。玩耍, 只能荒废事业, 使人一事无成。我国数学家华罗庚曾说过:“勤能补拙是良训, 一分辛苦一分才。”古今中外, 许许多多有成就的人, 他们都是因为勤奋, 才从众多的人中脱颖而出, 成为人们所佩服的人。我国数学家陈景润为了证明“哥德巴赫猜想”, 日复一日, 年复一年地沉浸在数学中, 常常废寝忘食。法国作家福楼拜, 他家的窗口面对塞纳河, 由于他经常勤奋写作, 通宵达旦, 以至夜间航船的人们常把他家窗口中发出的光当做航标灯。莫泊桑, 从20岁开始写作, 到30岁才写出第一篇短篇小说《羊脂球》, 在他的房间里可以看到草稿纸已有书桌那么高了。还有很多伟人的事例不胜枚举。他们的人生经历都说明了一个道理:天才出于勤奋, 成功来自勤奋!
可以说联是联结材料与观点并使两者浑然融会一体的纽带, 起着明确地揭示“运用的材料完全可以证明观点”这一重要作用。
四、总结议论, 激励劝勉的结
总括议论, 升华主题 , 就是在文章结尾处对全文内容来个收拢, 从而进一步强调论点, 回应开头。可以是倡议, 也可以是即便是一句劝勉的话语, 但作为考场作文不宜居高临下地劝勉和发号施令 , 而应该把自己处在劝勉的对象当中 , 用我们作劝勉对象。如《说“勤”》可以这样总结:“我们只有勤, 才可能成为‘天才’, 才能取得事业上的成就”, 以肯定的语气、概括的语言收束全文, 呼应观点。
总之, 作文无定法, 模式只是一种范例, 但对于考场时, 如果能对学生进行科学有效的训练, 可以为你的作文锦上添花, 为你的人生之路添砖加瓦。
摘要:作文在语文考试中占着重要地位, 稍一不小心往小的方面说可以让你一次考试失败, 往大的方面说也许会改变你的整个人生轨迹, 那在考场中如何快速地写好一篇无论是结构还是内容上都属于中上水平的作文呢?“引议联结”的作文模式无疑是一种较好的高分作文的模式。
3.高中英语万能写作高分技巧 篇三
【关键词】 高中英语 写作障碍 教学策略
【中图分类号】 G633.41 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1674-4772(2013)11-001-01
英语写作很多高中生视若畏途,不知道怎么写。汉语写作很多学生都不过关,这样怎么写出高分的英语作文呢?本人在教学过程中,研究了考官评判的基本技巧后,总结了一些方法。那就是写好开头,收好结尾,这样的英语作文基本可以得高分。怎么写好开头?怎么收缩圆满的结尾呢?就是给出学生万能开头公式和结尾公式。
一、开头万能公式
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言。有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编!
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理!经典句型:A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言)It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言)更多经典句型:As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计。
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:Honesty:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。Travel by Bike:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。Youth:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。更多句型:A recent statistics shows that …
二、结尾万能公式
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论。说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!
比如下面的例子:Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!更多过渡短语:to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus.更多句型:Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
4.大学英语作文万能套句 篇四
(1)用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型
①As the graph depicts , …
②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …
③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ,④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …
⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …
(2)用于句首提出论题或现象的句型
①Recently , …has become the focus of the society.②…has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.③Nowadays there is a growing concern for …
④Nowadays it is common to hear /see …
⑤…has become a common occurrence in our daily life.⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of …⑦It is only during the last /past few years that man has become generally aware that …
⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes …
⑨In recent years , there is a general tendency …
⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face.(3)用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型
①Some people like / prefer …, while others are / feel inclined to …
②There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … whole hold …③Some people claim that … is superior to … Others , however , disagree with it.④Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim …
⑤Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion.⑥On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel …
⑦Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that …
⑧Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that …
⑨On the contrary , there are people in favor of …
⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about …
(4)用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型
①My own experience tells me that …
②In my opinion , we should attack more importance to …
③As for my own idea about … I believe …
④As far as I am concerned , I plan to …
⑤Personally , I prefer …
⑥In my view , both sides are partly right in that …
⑦But for me , I would rather …
⑧My own point of view is that …
⑨In conclusion , I support the statement that …
⑩As regards me , I tend to choose …
(5)用于书信写作的常用句型
①Thank you for your letter of …
②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of … to accept …
③Thanks so much for your letter , which arrived …
④I am writing to you with reference to …
⑤I am writing to you in connection with …
⑥I would be grateful if you could / would …
⑦I would like to know some information on …
⑧It will be appreciated if you can / could …
⑨I would also like to know if you can / could …
⑩I look forward to hearing from you.(6)用于结尾的常用句型
①From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that …②Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that …③It is high time that something was done about …
④From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that …⑤Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that …⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented , I strongly recommend that …
⑦It is clear , therefore , that …
⑧All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to …
⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to …
⑩From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that …
⑾ In conclusion ,the most important is …
⑿ On the whole , it is high time that every one …
⒀ As a result , we should take some effective steps to …
⒁ Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that …⒂ Only in this way / in so doing , can be really …
四六级写作基本句式
以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式,每组句式的功能相同或相似,考生
可根据自己的情况选择其中的1-2个,做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。
1.表示原因
1)There are three reasons for this.
2)The reasons for this are as follows.
3)The reason for this is obvious.
4)The reason for this is not far to seek.
5)The reason for this is that...
6)We have good reason to believe that...
例如:
There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly, people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly, most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life
注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。如:Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
2.表示好处
1)It has the following advantages.
2)It does us a lot of good.
3)It benefits us quite a lot.
4)It is beneficial to us.
5)It is of great benefit to us.
例如:
Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better, and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore, reading extensively is of great benefit to us.研究范文的思路,背下经典的句子,自己研究几个作文的套句.开头,结尾怎么写,中间怎么写.研究一个万能结构.比如说,开头:....is an issue that is discussed daily in both private and public section.引入文章主题.第一段:to begin with,接论据.第二段,furthermore,接第2个论据.第三段:last but not least 接第3个论据.结尾:personally, I fully sanction(认为).....接结论.四级作文最重要--不要有语法错误,如果语法不太好,建议先看看语法书.四六级写作常见句型
(1)用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型
①As the graph depicts , …
②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …
③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ,④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …
⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …
(2)用于句首提出论题或现象的句型
①Recently , …has become the focus of the society.②…has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.③Nowadays there is a growing concern for …
④Nowadays it is common to hear /see …
⑤…has become a common occurrence in our daily life.⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of …⑦It is only during the last /past few years that man has become generally aware that …
⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes …
⑨In recent years , there is a general tendency …
⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face.(3)用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型
①Some people like / prefer …, while others are / feel inclined to …
②There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … whole hold …③Some people claim that … is superior to … Others , however , disagree with it.④Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim …
⑤Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion.⑥On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel …
⑦Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that …
⑧Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that …
⑨On the contrary , there are people in favor of …
⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about …
(4)用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型
①My own experience tells me that …
②In my opinion , we should attack more importance to …
③As for my own idea about … I believe …
④As far as I am concerned , I plan to …
⑤Personally , I prefer …
⑥In my view , both sides are partly right in that …
⑦But for me , I would rather …
⑧My own point of view is that …
⑨In conclusion , I support the statement that …
⑩As regards me , I tend to choose …
(5)用于书信写作的常用句型
①Thank you for your letter of …
②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of … to accept …
③Thanks so much for your letter , which arrived …
④I am writing to you with reference to …
⑤I am writing to you in connection with …
⑥I would be grateful if you could / would …
⑦I would like to know some information on …
⑧It will be appreciated if you can / could …
⑨I would also like to know if you can / could …
⑩I look forward to hearing from you.(6)用于结尾的常用句型
①From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that …②Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that …③It is high time that something was done about …
④From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that …⑤Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that …⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented , I strongly recommend that …
⑦It is clear , therefore , that …
⑧All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to …
⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to …
⑩From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that …
⑾ In conclusion ,the most important is …
⑿ On the whole , it is high time that every one …
⒀ As a result , we should take some effective steps to …
⒁ Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that …⒂ Only in this way / in so doing , can be really …
四六级写作基本句式
以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式,每组句式的功能相同或相似,考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1-2个,做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。
1.表示原因
1)There are three reasons for this.
2)The reasons for this are as follows.
3)The reason for this is obvious.
4)The reason for this is not far to seek.
5)The reason for this is that...
6)We have good reason to believe that...
例如:
There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly, people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly, most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life
注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。如:Great changes have taken
place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
2.表示好处
1)It has the following advantages.
2)It does us a lot of good.
3)It benefits us quite a lot.
4)It is beneficial to us.
5)It is of great benefit to us.
例如:
5.大学英语作文万能套句 篇五
It is so great to hear from you again. It is a great pleasure for me to
With great delight I learned that
I must apologize for not writing to you sooner.
建议:In my experience, it seems that _______ would make sense in your situation
In my opinion, it would be wise for you to take the following actions:
感谢:I truly appreciate your kindness. Thank you from the bottom of my heart for
道歉:I apologize most sincerely for
I am so sorry to have put you through so much trouble
邀请:We would be honored to have you there with us
I will cover all the expense involved.
抱怨:I very much regret to have to inform you that
We will appreciate your willingness to make up for the loss
I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible
咨询:I would like to request some information about
Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.
求职:In anwser to your advertisement a post as
6.大学英语考试万能作文 篇六
一)比较
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...4.It is reasonable to maintain that...but it would be foolish to claim that...5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think..., but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A..., but the chief faults(obvious defects)are...二)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this situation include...5.The change in...largely results from the fact that...6.We may blame...,but the real causes are...7.Part of the explanations for it is that...One of the most common factors(causes)is that...Another contributing factor(cause)is...Perhaps the primary factor is that…
But the fundamental cause is that...三)后果
1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is...3.It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...四)批驳
1)It is true that..., but one vital point is being left out.2)There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3)Some people say..., but it does not hold water.4)Many of us have been under the illusion that...5)A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6)It makes no sense to argue for...7)Too much stress placed on...may lead to...8)Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that...9)Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that...五)举例
1)A good case in point is...2)As an illustration, we may take...3)Such examples might be given easily.4)...is often cited as an example.六)证明
1)No one can deny the fact that...2)The idea is hardly supported by facts.3)Unfortunately, none of the available data shows...4)Recent studies indicate that...5)There is sufficient evidence to show that...6)According to statistics proved by..., it can be seen that...七)开篇
1)Many nations have been faced with the problem of...2)Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3)Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4)Recently the issue has aroused great concern among...5)Nowadays there is a growing concern over...6)Never in our history has the idea that...been so popular.7)Faced with..., quite a few people argue that...8)According to a recent survey,...9)With the rapid development of......八)结尾
7.“货币万能主义”不万能 篇七
根据货币万能主义,货币扩张刺激经济复苏的主要机制大体有4个:
其一,低利率直接促进投资和消费。按照某些宏观经济学模型,利率水平和投资增长此消彼长,利率水平高(真实利率或实际利率高)会抑制投资需求,利率水平低则会刺激投资需求。低利率刺激消费的机制与刺激投资的机制略有不同。根据永久收入假说和生命周期假说(两个假说是迄今为止解释消费行为最著名的理论),人们的消费主要取决于其收入水平特别是永久收入水平,永久收入水平与利率只有间接的关系。低利率刺激消费的基本原理是基于借贷消费,它能够刺激人们借钱消费或负债消费。各国央行的低利率、负利率等政策的核心目的,就是希望持续压低利率以刺激消费,特别是房地产消费。
其二,低利率将推高股票和债券等金融产品的价格,创造财富效应,财富效应反过来会刺激消费。
其三,低利率有望提升人们的通货膨胀预期,迫使人们增加消费支出,从而避免经济陷入通货收缩困境。2012年以来,欧央行和日本央行先后宣布实施大规模的量化宽松,核心目标均为遏制通货收缩。中央银行直接入市大规模购买国债和其他债券,能够推高债券价格,降低债券收益率,从而降低一般市场利率水平,却无法直接改变实体经济的价格水平。那么,中央银行的量化宽松如何能遏制或缓解实体经济的通货收缩呢?中央银行家们一厢情愿的想法就是低利率能够提升人们的通胀预期,通胀预期改变后,人们的消费和投资行为就会随之改变,从而达到刺激经济复苏的目标,此所谓通货膨胀“自我实现”。
其四,低利率和量化宽松迫使货币贬值,刺激出口从而刺激增长。各国中央银行家对此往往避而不谈。其实,汇率贬值反而是比较有效的机制。中央银行家之所以如此,是不愿被指责大搞“以邻为壑”的竞争性货币贬值。2009年美联储大搞量宽之时,纽约大学经济学者鲁比尼就直言其期望通过美元贬值来刺激经济。2012年日本大搞量宽以来,日元贬值幅度至今已超过30%。经验数据表明,日元贬值对日本出口和经济增长的贡献远超过其他机制的作用。然而,从全球经济来看,汇率贬值只是短期零和游戏,绝非助推经济增长的长久之策。
尤其危险的是,货币万能主义已经动摇国际货币、金融和经济秩序之根本,资产价格泡沫和虚拟经济恶性膨胀成为“新常态”,导致“全球金融动荡和经济失衡持续加剧,全球收入差距和贫富分化日益恶化,实体经济增长动力快速衰竭”。
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