写作辅导(共8篇)
1.写作辅导 篇一
英语写作辅导
英语短文的结构及段落的组织
一、短文的结构
文章、段落、句子、词组、单词
从文到段,从段到句,是篇章结构的主要内容。
了解篇章结构,是进行写作的必备常识。
一篇文章通常可分为以下三种段落:
(一)引言段(Introductory Paragraph):向读者介绍此片文章的主题及背景材料。在文中起到开宗明义,即“启”的作用,是全文的主题所在。
(二)主题段(Body Paragraph(s)):也叫正文,是文章的主体部分,也是情节发展、事实说明或者层层递进的部分,把要论述的,具体而明晰。文章内容要具有 一致性、连贯性,在文章中起到“承”和“转”的作用。
(三)结尾段(Conclusion Paragraph):也叫结束语,是由通篇文章所得出的简短结论,或者事情发展到了最后一个情节,即故事的结束、结局、其作用是概括全文内容,进一步强调或者肯定文章的中心思想,用以加深印象,在文章中起到“合”的作用。
二、文章的段落
段落是英语作文的基本结构单位,是文章中相对独立的一个部分。
段落与文章的三个组成部分相对应,通常由三个部分组成:主题句、发展句和结尾句。短文写作的技巧与套路
一、写作步骤
1.多读多练 充分准备 2.细读指令 认真审题 3.理清思路 构思布局 4.精选素材 列出提纲 5.动笔写作 组织成文 6.用词简洁 篇幅适中 7.认真检查 仔细修改
二、写作套路 1.写作类型 1)现象阐释型
通常要求考生对某一现象进行解释说明,分析其原因并加以评论。其基本结构是:首先描述现象并说明其现状;然后分析这种现象的原因或相关因素;最后提出建议或总结观点。典型题目如:
Why College Students Have Difficulty Finding Jobs?
Why College Students Take a Part-time Job?
Chatting on Line
2)问题解决型
通常要求考生从试题的提示行文字入手,描述其反映出的问题,提出解决方案或应对措施。其基本结构是:首先引出要解决的问题及其严重性或必要性,并简要分析其产生的原因或带来的危害和影响;然后提出解决问题的办法或措施;最后表明自己的态度,提出建议并展望前景。典型题目如下: How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic How to Succeed in a Job Interview How I Finance My College Life Staying Healthy hatting on Line 3)对比选择型
这类作文的标志十分明显,其要求比较明确,即直接要求考生比较两种观点或两种做法,进而表明自己对问题或事物的态度或观点,也就是做出选择。其基本结构:首先对要评论的事物或现象进行整体介绍;然后陈述两种不同的观点或做法及其理由;之后表明自己的观点或态度。典型题目如: It Pays to Be Honest Should Education Be Commercialized? Choose a Famous University or a Favorite Major? Reading Selective or Extensively? 4)利弊评述型
此类作文要求考生客观地分析和评论某一事物的正反两方面,或在某一问题上反映出的两种不同看法,并不需要明确表明态度,说明事物的对与错,尤其是会有较大争议的问题,可采用平衡利弊的态度,提出某种希望和设想。典型题目如: The Positive and Negative Aspects of Skyscrapers The Development of a Private Car Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good LUCK? College Life in Internet Era My View on Examination 5)观点论证型
此类作文一般要求考生根据题目所给的论点,按照题目要求通过摆事实、讲道理的方式对该论点进行论证或反驳。其基本结构是:首先提出要论证或反驳的论点;然后提出论据对其进行论证或反驳;最后表明自己的立场和看法。典型题目如:
Harmful of Fake Commodities Why I Attended College The Job I Like Best The Benefits of Making Friends of Different Kinds 2.段落类型
(1)描述段:一般首先对命题中提供的信息(如某现象、问题、背景或事件)进行提炼和概括,然后进行扩展描述。
(2)说明段:主要对原因、危害、影响、作用、方法、过程等进行分析说明,段落的组织必须要注意以下两点:一是要条理清楚,尽量使用一些比较清晰的表达方式。如说明原因时,可以使用the main reason, what is more, as a result等短语,以突出文章的条理性;二是要根据标题和提纲内容确定合适的说明角度和说明方法,如说明原因或举例说明等。(3)议论段:通常是考生根据文章的主题提出、论证或总结某项观点。写议论段时应做到观点明确、论证充分,并有令人信服的数据和例子来支持论点,使文章具有说服力。议论段主要有四种:提出观点段(有时是提出一种观点,有时是提出两种对立观点)、论证观点段、对比论证段(对两种观点进行对比论证,有时可分成两段来分述两种观点)和总结观点段。3.写作模板 1)现象阐释型
①Nowadays, there exists a social/economic/environmental phenomenon, which has aroused great concern among people around us./ 总体现象has increasingly become a common concern of the public./ 总体现象is commonly accepted by the people from all walks of life.②According to a survey, …。
③There are a couple of reasons booming this phenomenon./This problem/phenomenon has a great effect on … ④Firstly,/above all/First of all/原因一/影响一⑤Secondly/what’s more/ furthermore(原因二/影响二)⑥Besides/Finally(原因三/影响三)
⑦As a result/ Therefore/ consequently,(结果)⑧As far as I am concerned/ As to me /In my opinion, “我”的观点/态度/做法⑨furthermore,进一步说明 ⑩Therefore/ based on the above discussions, I can conclude/ it can be concluded that…(总结全文)(1)描述段:描述现象 ①开门见山,总述现象
②阐释现象的具体表现或变化(2)说明段:阐述原因
③承上启下,引出原因/因素/影响 ④具体阐述原因一/因素一/影响一
⑤列举原因二/因素二/影响二(可以用例证支持)⑥列举原因三/因素三/影响三(可以用例证支持)⑦总结以上原因或因素导致的结果/该现象的最终影响(3)议论段:表明观点
⑧我对此现象的思考或看法(可能是个人选择或者是对现象、趋势或影响的评述)⑨进一步说明自己的看法或陈述理由 ⑩总结全文
例:
Cards 1.现代城市中持卡的人越来越多; 2.原因在于。。; 3.“我”的看法。
①Nowadays, holding cards has become a common phenomenon.②According to a survey, over 80%of people in big cities hold various kinds of cards issued by banks, restaurants, supermarkets ,etc.(描述段)③There are a number of reasons for it.④ First of all, it is convenient to consume by cards.⑤What’s more, it is safer to carry cards than cash.For example, if one’s cards are lost, the owner needn’t worry too much because no one else can get the money out without the password.⑥In addition, cards can give card holders certain privilege or discount in service.⑦Therefore, holding cards, especially among the youth, becomes fashionable recently.(说明段)⑧ As for me, cards have a bright future.⑨With the development of science and technology, cards will become much safer and easier to use.⑩Therefore, it can be concluded that more people will use cards.(议论段,表明观点)
模仿练习1 • Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags outline:
1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用 2.造成的问题
3.限制使用的意义 模仿练习2 • On Power Failure •
1.很多城市缺电现象严重 •
2.分析原因 •
3.提出建议 模仿练习3 • Online Education • Outline:
1.目前网络教育形成热潮
2.我认为这股热潮的的原因是……
3.我对网络教育的评价 模仿练习4 Skipping Classes on College Campus Outline:
1.大学里逃课现象时有发生; 2.分析学生逃课的原因; 3.如何减少逃课现象 2)问题解决型
①In recent years, increasing numbers of people关注/牵涉/参与不良现象或某一问题 ②It is obvious that 危害一/作用一 ③Additionally, 危害二/作用二④therefore, special/considerable attention should be paid to 该问题
⑤on the one hand/ firstly, 方法一 ⑥On the other hand/ secondly, 方法二⑦ In addition/ thirdly, 方法三
⑧Of course, following these suggestions/methods may not surely solve the problem, but it is worth of trying ⑨As for me/ in my opinion, “我”的思考或看法 ⑩Only in this way… 倒装句总结全文/undoubtedly, it is necessary/ essential… 根本途径(1)描述段:描述问题
①开门见山,综述不良现象或某一问题 ②问题的危害一/解决问题的作用一 ③问题的危害二/解决问题的作用二
④承上启下,表达解决问题的必要性和紧迫性,引出解决问题的方法或相关因素(2)说明段:说明方法因素 ⑤解决方法一/决定因素一 ⑥解决方法二/决定因素二 ⑦解决方法三/决定因素三(3)议论段:
⑧指出这些方法不一定能成功解决问题,但付出总是值得的 ⑨“我”倾向的方法和途径
⑩提出根本途径或建议,应该采取的态度,总结全文 例: How to Treat the Parent-Child Relationship 1.父母与孩子之间的代沟越来越大; 2.代沟带来那些影响;
3.如何消除代沟,并改善父母与孩子之间的关系。
①More and more people are paying attention to the generation gap between parents and their children.②Obviously, the generation gap is a source of family disharmony.③Additionally, it may lead to a number of social problem.④Therefore, measures should be taken to deal with the issue.⑤On the one hand, parents should be more tolerant to their children , remembering that a child is a child and there is always such a stage in one’s growth.⑥On the other hand, children should also understand that without parents’ guidance, they won’t be able to grow up healthily.⑦ Finally, parents should spent more time with their children.⑧Of course , following these suggestions may not surely solve the problem, but it is worth the effort.⑨As for me, mutual understanding is the key solution.⑩Undoubtedly, it is essential for both parents and children to understand each other for a good parent—child relationship.模仿练习1 • How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic
• 1.Importance of solving the problem of
heavy traffic • 2.Ways to solve the problem of heavy traffic • 3.My suggestion 模仿练习2 • How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities.• 1.解决住房问题的重要性
• 2.三种可能解决住房问题的方案:
1)多造高层建筑;
2)向地下发展;
3)疏散城市人口。• 3)对比选择型 • 3.我的建议
①When asked about/ when it comes to事物/问题 , different people will offer different opinions.②Some people take it for granted that观点一③ in their opinion, 选择观点一的理由一④Besides,选择观点一的理由二
⑤ however, others hold that观点二⑥ They maintain that观点二/选择观点二的理由一⑦And观点二/选择观点二的理由二
⑧Weighing up these two arguments, I am for the former/ later viewpoint/ choice.⑨”我”的理由⑩Therefore , as stated above, 重申观点/选择(1)议论段:提出观点
①开门见山,指出人们对某事物/问题存在不同的观点/选择 ②提出观点一/选择一
③提出观点一/选择一的理由一 ④提出观点一/选择一的理由二(2)议论段:对比论证 ⑤提出观点二/选择二 ⑥提出观点二/选择二的理由一 ⑦提出观点二/选择二的理由二(3)议论段:总结观点 ⑧标明“我”的倾向 ⑨阐述“我”的理由
⑩总结全文,重申“我”的观点/选择
例:To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond 1.在大企业工作的特点; 2.在小企业工作的特点; 3.我的选择。
①To the question whether to work in a large enterprise or in a small firm, different people may have different answers.②Some may choose to be a small fish in a big pond.③They hold that they can derive a sense of pride from being a member of a famous organization such as General Motors.④Besides, they can work with people from different parts of the world.⑤Still others may prefer to be a big fish in a small pond.⑥According to them, in a small company, they may be given greater responsibilities without much restriction.⑦Consequently, they can show their talents fully and freely.⑧Weighing up these two choices, I am for the latter.⑨I prefer to work in a small enterprise, where I can get more chances of promotion.⑩I’d rather become an important figure within my own small pond.练习1 Money Outline: 1.有人认为金钱是万能的。
2.有人说金钱是万恶之源(the source of all crimes)3.我对金钱的看法。模仿练习2 Choose a Famous University or a Favorite Major Outline: 1.有人认为应该选择重点大学; 2.有人认为应该选择重点专业; 3.我的观点。模仿练习3 Reading Selectively or Extensively? 针对阅读,人们有不同的看法: 1.有人认为应该精读; 2.有人认为应该泛读; 3.“我”的看法 模仿练习4 The Best Means of Transportation Outline:
1.私家车越来越多,污染问题、交通问题随之产生; 2.人们出行时其实有多中交通方式可以选择; 3.从健康和环保节能出发,我认为最好的交通方式是 4)模板一(驳论)
①Up to now, many people hold it true that某观点 ②They believe进一步说明此观点③However, recent survey/ research shows that 与上述观点相反的论点 ④The arguments for this point of view can be listed as follows.⑤Above all, 论据一⑥For example,(支持论据一的事例)⑦Furthermore,论据二及支持论据二的事例 ⑧Most importantly, 论据三
⑨All that has been discussed above points to the fact that重申本文论点 ⑩Therefore,与该观点相符合的做法和态度
(1)议论段:提出观点
①指出普遍存在的某种观点活态度或做法 ②进一步说明此观点
③转折提出与之相反的本论文观点 ④承上启下,引出对观点的论证(2)议论段:论证观点 ⑤列举论据一
⑥举例说明论据一
⑦列举论据二并加以说明 ⑧列举论据三
(3)总结段:总结观点 ⑨承接上文,重申观点
⑩总结全文,可表达我们应该坚持该观点或采取该观点相符合的做法 模板二(立论)
①People are familiar with/it is widely accepted that某观点②As we know,观点正确性的表现③Therefore,小结观点④There are numerous examples supporting this argument.⑤ A case in point is 例一 ⑥For another example, 引出说明例二⑦Moreover, 阐述第三个例子
⑧From what has been discussed above, we should understand that重申观点 ⑨But(one thing we have to notice is that)提出个人建议 ⑩Therefore,总结全文(1)议论段:提出观点
①开门见山,直接提出观点 ②阐述观点正确性的表现 ③小结观点
④承上启下,引出对观点的论证(2)议论段:论证观点
⑤列举支持论点的具体事例一 ⑥列举支持论点的具体事例二 ⑦列举支持论点的具体事例三(3)总结段:总结观点
⑧承接上文,重申观点 ⑨指出坚持该论点应该注意什么 ⑩总结全文,指出正确的态度或做法 例1
Wealth and Happiness 1.每个人都想获得财富,财富似乎就是幸福,其实不然; 2.世界上有许多东西是财富换不来的。
①Up to now, many people still hold that wealth can bring happiness.②They believe that with a great amount of money, they must live a happier life.③However, recent survey shows that wealth is not necessarily associated with happiness.④The arguments for this point of view can be listed as follows.⑤Above all ,good health plays an important role above wealth in a happy life.⑥For example, people can buy medicine with money, but cannot buy health.⑦Furthermore, wealth may encourage those harmful habits which may ruin the wealth owner, such as addition to drugs and gambling.⑧Most importantly, there is one thing essential to happiness which cannot be bought with wealth---love.⑨All that has been discussed above shows that wealth is not equal to happiness.⑩Therefore, we should not be crazy about money and earn it with honest work.例2
Blood Donation ①In modern society, it is widely accepted that blood donation is good for health.②As we know, donating blood benefit both society and people.③Therefore, people should be encouraged to donate blood regularly.④Many remarkable facts can support this argument.⑤First of all, according to medical research findings, donating blood can effectively reduce the happening of certain disease.⑥What’s more, donating blood regularly could reduce the pace of aging.⑦Besides, donating blood regularly could help people keep good mood.⑧All mentioned above tell us that blood donation does more than harm to health.⑨We should hold a positive attitude towards it.⑩Therefore, it can be concluded that bllod donation should be encouraged under the scientific instruction.5)利①For the past years,某事物has been widely accepted by people/has come into people’s daily life.②No one can deny that 某事物的好处.③For one thing, 好处一④For another, 好处二
⑤However, just as all coins have two sides, there are also disadvantages about某事物的弊端.⑥For example 弊端一⑦Moreover, 弊端二.⑧Finally,弊端三
⑨In my opinion, “我”的建议⑩only in this way, can we 总结全文.弊评述型(1)议论段:
①开门见山,总述现象 ②分析某事物的有利面 ③举例说明好处一 ④举例说明好处二 ⑤举例说明好处三
(2)说明段:
⑥承上启下,引出对弊端的讨论 ⑦举例说明弊端一 ⑧举例说明弊端二
(3)总结段:
⑨“我”的建议(如何趋利避害)⑩总结全文 例
The Positive and Negative Aspects of Home Computers 1.家用电脑的普及; 2.家用电脑的好处;
3.家用电脑带来的问题。
①Nowadays, computers have come into people’s home as one of common household appliances.②There is no doubt that like TV, home computers benefit people greatly.③With the computer, the home becomes a library, a school, an office and an entertainment center.④All kinds of information can be close at one’s finger tips.⑤In addition, home computers bring people far away closer to us.⑥Despite the convenience that home computers bring about, they have disadvantages.⑦For example, people, especially the youth, may easily get addicted to computer games.⑧Besides, since nearly everything can be done in front of the computer, we may become more isolated from people around us.⑨In my opinion, we all should consider how to control home computers, so that they won’t control us.⑩Only in this way, can we make full use of them, while avoiding of the side effects.模仿练习1 The Development of Private Cars Outline:
1.私家车普及的好处; 2.私家车带来的问题; 3.“我”的看法 模仿练习3 Reading Selectively or Extensively? 针对阅读,人们有不同的看法: 1.有人认为应该精读; 2.有人认为应该泛读; 3.“我”的看法
2.写作辅导 篇二
一、培训内容:《早期教育》教师版、教科研版、家教版、美术版各个栏目的写稿要求、组稿方向, 尤其是教科研论文的写作辅导等。
二、培训对象:幼儿园骨干教师、学科带头人、园长、特级教师。
三、培训方式:主编、副主编专题讲座, 各栏目责任编辑与学员面对面辅导。
四、时间:
第一期:2012年12月21-23日。21号下午报到, 23号下午结束。报名截止12月14日。
第二期:2013年1月4-6日。4号下午报到, 6号下午结束。报名截止12月28日
第三期:2013年1月25—27日。25日下午报到, 27日下午结束。报名截止期2013年1月10日
五、培训地点:江苏文苑宾馆。南京市江东北路399号。文苑宾馆电话:68535368
南京火车站下, 坐143、32路公交到商会大厦下。45路到清江花苑下。中央门汽车站下, 坐72路舸舫园下, 73路清江花苑下。抬头看高楼就能看到文苑宾馆了。
六、报名电话:025-86275732谷老师025-86275711钱老师
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注:1.每位学员报到时需交纳一篇文章 (文章请参考杂志上各个栏目, 不要集中在教科研论文上, 教育经验、活动设计、教育笔记、园务管理等热门栏目可以写, 冷门栏目特别是家教版、美术版更要关注。)
2.所有学员将获得“继续教育学时证明”。
3.写作辅导 篇三
“新世纪”杯全国中学生作文大赛,是一项参赛人数最多、规模最大、波及面最广、组织最严密、评奖最公正、颁奖仪式最隆重的全国性作文赛事,从2005年开始至今,我校已经组织参加了五届,虽然我们把每年的参赛范围限定在高一年级,可高二、高三年级的许多同学也踊跃参加。五年来,我们共有五千多人次参加大赛,共获得了三个一等奖、五十个二等奖,一百五十三个三等奖,五十二个优秀奖,学校连年被授予“全国作文教学先进单位”。许多语文老师获得了指导奖,丰富了作文辅导方面的经验。
参赛过程中,我们的原则是:及早着手,全面辅导,规范格式,立足创新,注重修改,写出精品。具体做法是:每年放寒假时,教师将高中阶段的六个题目以寒假作文的形式布置给所任课班级的学生,布置作文时,教师先从命题的角度引导学生逐一审题,明确写作范围,确立写作文体,开发创新思路。在此基础上,放手让学生自由写作。下学期开学后的第一次作文,就让学生将六篇作文中自己最满意的一篇抄上来,指导教师认真批阅,提出修改意见,再进行典型讲评后,将作文返还给学生,学生自己修改后,重新誊写上来,教师进行第二次修改,侧重于消灭错别字、规范书写格式,对于一些问题作文,再进行个别辅导后,将作文返还给学生。整个过程紧张而有序,辅导与练习相结合,真正做到了讲练结合,稳扎稳打,既有教师的辅导,又有学生的创新。在此基础上,再将学校统一印制的参赛作文稿纸发给学生,按参赛作文的格式抄写上来。学校组织以全体语文教师为主体的初评小组,对参赛作文进行初评,按10%的比例,选拔出复赛作品,统一寄送大赛组委会,参加复评。
通过组织参加作文大赛,教师加强了竞赛前的作文辅导,不但极大地激发了学生的写作积极性,而且,也大面积提高了学生的作文水平。这不但体现在平时的作文速度和质量上,而且许多学生的习作见诸省级以上报刊。例如:李芸德同学的《经典·时尚》、戴芸霞同学的《留一份清澈给经典》、苏琰同学的《“梧桐”遍高原》、鲁丹同学的《我的一次太空旅行》、李学芳同学的《水的自述》等习作发表在《作文指导报》上,祁晓阳同学的《站在起跑线上》、杨阳同学的《让微笑成为一种习惯》等习作发表在《德育报》上。李永华同学的《班主任二三事》、贾云飞同学的《师娘》、邸立云同学的《回唐代去看一位诗人》被选入《语文教学与研究》杂志社出版的《优秀作文集》。王淑莉同学的《孔夫子一游》发表在《心之声》杂志上。宋淑琴同学的《活着》发表在《中学生》杂志上。
在辅导大赛作文的同时,还注意将高考“新材料”作文辅导相结合,全面提高高考作文的成绩。大家知道,“新材料”作文是介于“话题作文”和旧材料作文之间的一种新型的高考作文文体,其最大的特点是,没有明显的话题,却又在材料中隐含着写作话题,而材料中隐含的话题,又不是材料的真正内涵,这样,对考生就有了一种误导作用,增加了审题的难度。所以“新材料”作文的辅导,关键是教给学生审题立意的方法,也就是找准所给材料的内涵,这样,才能找到一个切入的话题,这样,自然又与“新世纪”杯全国中学生作文大赛所给的命题相衔接,将两种形式的作文从审题立意的角度合二为一,起到了一石双鸟的效果。经过这样的辅导和训练,学生作文水平有了大面积提高。2006年,曾获得过“新世纪”杯作文大赛一等奖的李永华同学以691分的成绩被清华大学建筑系录取,其中,语文成绩是131分。还有许多同学也分别被有名的重点大学录取。
总之,我校通过参加“新世纪”杯全国中学生作文大赛,不仅极大地调动了学生的写作积极性,更令人欣慰的是大面积提高了全校学生的写作水平,为学生的终身发展打下了坚实的基础。
4.辅导学生写作业技巧 篇四
一辅导作业的流程
1)快乐运动,使孩子更专心
2)分周,月,层次化,个体提出写作业要求
2)作业辅导
3)点评本次辅导中老师满意地方,希望地方
二写作业的过程
准备工具-----安静的写作业------自己检查,修正------给老师检查------错题抄写在纠错本上
三老师经常要说的话
1)每天保质保量地按时完成作业是他必须要做到的,是他作为一个学生应尽的职责,就像爸爸妈妈每天上班时都要尽心尽职地完成本职工作一样,没有任何可以讨价还价的余地。
2)家长还必须帮助孩子提高对家庭作业的重要性的认识,要让孩子明白做作业是掌握好知识不可缺少的一个环节,是学习的延续和拓展,是巩固知识和提高学习成绩的必不可少的。
3)经常告诉孩子:知识本身就是最好的奖品;思维是地球上最美丽的花朵,人类一思考,上帝就笑。学习中遇到障碍,先凭自己的智慧解决,不要“不懂就问”。
4)读书不是为了自己,读书是为了我们的国家,国家需要人才,国家需要干部,国家需要建国的栋梁。国家为什么义务教育你?国家在期盼着你的贡献,期盼着你的未来,因为有一天你会长大,有一天你会学成,你要为国家做事,所以国家才在你身上投资,让你为国效命。因为道德教育必须以国家教育为前提,所以今天我们要爱我们的国家。“天下兴亡,我的责任”
四 如何检查学生作业
1孩子读—、二年级时,重点检查字迹是否写端正;
2检查学生作业的正确率,给出一句话点评:如:你一向很认真,老师欣赏你。作业有错误,很遗憾,你自己学习检查出错的地方。
不建议老师指出错误之处,或在错误之处用符号画出),这样孩子永远学不会检查,不会思考。)
不要盯着某个学生写作业,一遍指指点点。最好作业都写完后再辅导。
利用作业本点评,沟通
纠做本是非常值得做的事情
五个性辅导技巧
1)写作业拖拉,找出原因是不会还是学习习惯最好的办法是双方协商时间,用限时方法解决拖拉小闹钟也是很好的作业辅导教具
2)我发现孩子经常会犯马虎的错误。比如读题不认真,往往读一半,丢一半。针对这种情况,我不会马上指出他的错误,我会让他自己再读一遍题目,这种时候孩子就会很认真的读题目,一读就会发现自己错了。有时对题目不理解清楚盲目做题的时候,我会要求他认真读题,读出声音来,并且读两遍,用铅笔圈出题目中的关键词,再做题。慢慢地读题稀里糊涂的现象就少了,很多错误也就可以避免了。
3)即使孩子问了你怎么去做,也不能直接告诉他答案,要让他通过自己的思考得出答案,免得他对别人产生依赖心理。有时候看到孩子冥思苦想的样子,也许我们会发善心,觉得孩子太可怜了,于是干脆告诉他答案吧,可这样做作业对他真的没有任何意义。
4)越是责骂、数落孩子,越会加重他的坏习惯。多鼓励
5)在指导孩子预习时,要提出一定的预习提纲,让孩子带着问题边预习边思考,才能取得最佳的预习效果。
6)给学生讲解,用一问一答方法
7)放音乐
8)给孩子讲一些励志故事
六学习能力特训
玩“开火车”游戏。
这种游戏要三人以上,一家三口就可以完成,当然如果有爷爷奶奶或其他参加,那就更好了。为了叙述的方便,现以三人为例,方法是:三人围坐一圈,每人报上一个站名,通过几句对话语言来开动“火车”。如,父当作北京站,母当作上海站,孩子当作广州站。父拍手喊:“北京的火车就要开。”大家一齐拍手喊:“往哪开?”父拍手喊:“广州开”,于是,当广州站的儿子要马上接口:“广州的火车就要开。”大家又齐拍手喊:“往哪开?”儿子拍手喊:“上海开”。这样火车开到谁那儿,谁就得马上接得上口。“火车”开得越快越好,中间不要有间歇。
这种游戏由于要做到口、耳、心并用,因此能让注意力高度集中,同时也锻炼了思维快速反应能力,而且这种游戏气氛活跃,能调动人的积极性,孩子玩起来,乐此不疲。
5、玩乒乓球干扰注意游戏。
本来一个人要保持注意力高度集中就不容易,如果旁边再有人进行干扰,你会觉得更难以集中注意。比如你在做作业时,旁边正上演吸引人的电视节目,你就会分散注意力,然而正因为有干扰,有难度,才能在人为设置的更困难更复杂的情境中,训练注意力的高度集中。有一次,我和五岁的孩子在玩乒乓球,我让他用把球放在球拍上,绕桌子行走一圈,要求乒乓球不能掉下来。我在旁边进行捣乱,但不能碰到他的身体。一会儿拍手跺脚,一会大喊大叫,还一边说“掉了!掉了!”他忍不住就笑了,但为了不输给我,又不得不保持镇定和注意力集中,继续完成游戏,一圈走下来,我俩笑得前仰后合,流泪不止。此外还有类似的这种游戏,对提高注意力非常有效。重要手段,手部动作训练(5分钟)
通过此项训练,可以锻炼手部精细动作,促进精细肌肉发展,以此提高孩子书写的速度。由家长发出指令,孩子通过理解做出相应动作,孩子做不出来时,家长可先做示范。在做此训练时,可放有节奏感的轻音乐,帮助孩子放松。
掌上压(坐式):
1、手掌张开平放在桌上,与肩同宽,左右对称,左手和右手轮流用力
2、手肘平放桌上,左右对称,左手和右手轮流用力
3、手指放在桌上,左右对称,左手和右手轮流用力
听觉集中与记忆(5分钟)
通过此项训练,可以锻炼孩子的听觉集中和听觉记忆。
听家长按照下面的节奏拍手,让孩子说出拍了记下。
1、DADADADADADADADADA2、DADADADADADADADA3、DADADADADADADADADADA4、DADADADADADADADADADA5、DADADADADADADADADADA6、DADADADADADADADADADA7、DADADADADADADADADA8、DADA DADADADADADADA9、DADADADADADADADA10、DADADADADA DADADADADADA
听动协调训练(5分钟)
通过此项训练,可以锻炼孩子的听动协调的能力。提高孩子的听课效率。在训练过程中家长的指令应清晰明确,要求孩子迅速作出反应。家长发布指令后孩子及时作出反应,家长根据孩子的表现调整语速。
每隔两秒念一个词,听到水果拍一下手,听到其他的就转一圈。
苹果杯子帽子电灯西瓜眼睛桃子牙刷手表葡萄小鸡
大海白云
可乐镜子
5.写作句子应用处理辅导 篇五
一篇好文章的条件很多。除了内容丰富和组织紧密之外,词汇的运用和句子的处理,也起着决定性作用。
句子可长可短,同一件事,可以用不同的句式表达。如果句子清一色是简单句,文章必定很单调乏味。如果全篇充满了冗长的复杂句,读起来也很费力。最好的`方法是以简单句为基础,配合适当的并列句和复杂句。简单句可长可短,通常要加些附属成分,如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语,以及节缩成分。
总之,作者可根据情况,使句子多样化,使文章灵活多姿。例如下列五个句子的基本概念一样,但是句式不同,内容重点也有些差别:
The goats grazed peacefully in the farm and were unaware of the approaching hunter. +2)
Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unaware of the approaching hunter.
In the farm, the goats grazed peacefully and were unaware of the approaching hunter. - )
There were goats grazing peacefully in the farm, unaware of the approaching hunter.
As the goats grazed peacefully in the farm, they were unaware of the approaching hunter.
6.写作辅导:新东方雅思 篇六
Families are not as close as before. Give reasons for this change, and suggest some ways to bring families closer.
You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas of knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.
In the past, family was a very important concept in people’s minds, and it was the center of many people’s lives. Nowadays, however, the relationship between family members is not as close as before. But as to what factors contribute to this phenomenon, different people have diverse opinions. As far as I am concerned, it results from the following reasons.
The first reason is that people spend more time on their study and work. Compared with the past, people face fierce competition and suffer from great pressure. Therefore, they have to devote more time and energy to their careers. Some people are too occupied to spare time for their family. What is more, many jobs require people to work in other cities and many children have to leave their parents at an early age to study or work elsewhere. As time passes, these people become emotionally estranged from their parents.
Another reason is that there are more entertainment forms available. Nowadays high technology brings us more interesting things which can easily attract people’s attention, such as watching TV, surfing the Internet or plating video games. As a result, people are indulged in these activities, totally neglecting the feelings of other family members.
To bring families closer, people put forward various suggestions. Firstly, never bring your work home and leave it in your office. We should spare more time with family members no matter how occupied we are. Secondly, try to squeeze some time for a regular family dinner because dinner time is a perfect time and opportunity for people to exchange their feelings and ideas. Last but not least, we should teach the children the sense of family when they are still young.
Family is the basic unit of a society. It plays a significant role in our lives. In order to enjoy a harmonious family life and maintain a stable society, we should take efforts to create a close family relationship. (342 words)
雅思写作高分范文:economy and environment
Developing Economy or Protecting The Environment
Some people think that the urgent task is to develop economy on a large scale. First, they hold that many people, especially in rural areas, are living in poverty. As a result, many children drop out of school and can’t afford even the compulsory education. Second, they believe only by further balance and developing our economy can we get rid of poverty and gain the overall prosperity.
On the other hand, many people insist that environment protection should be a top priority. First, they claim that we have only one mother earth, if our ecological environment is heavily polluted or ruined, we could not even survive on this planet. Second, they believe, it’s the rapid and advanced development of economy that leads to the present situation that most parts of the world are polluted. If the problem left unsolved, one day we may have nothing to drink, let alone develop our economy.
In my opinion, both economy and environment protection are our urgent tasks now. Without economic development, we should remain backward. Moreover, we might be conquered or bullied by other powerful countries. And without environment protection, we should lose our home. Therefore, the best solution is to develop environment-protection-oriented industries and agriculture so as to kill two birds with one stone.
雅思写作高分范文:education only for employment?
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Some people think the university education is to prepare students for employment, others think it has other functions. Discuss and say what the other functions are?
You should write at least 250 words.
You should use your own ideas of knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.
Some people think the university education is to prepare students for employment. While we admit that preparation for employment is an important function of education, it is not the only one. We should see this issue with an all-sided view. In the perspective of society, education is for improvement. Students make use of what they have learned to create new theories and tools. This is the way in which our human society develops. And also, through education, government can teach people how to be appropriate citizens, thus in this way, people’s moralities and behaviors are constrained in a value system and the social stability can be maintained.
In the perspective of individuals, education can enrich personal lives. Through education, we can explore different cultures and customs. Thus in this way education can open our eyes and broaden our mind. And education can also meet interests of each student.
While of course, all the functions mentioned above have one common prerequisite: one can make a living in the first place. For this society is practical, many university students have studied for four years, but their ability to deal with practical things is too low to be acceptable. So education should provide the basic general knowledge to university students, so that they can be get employed and make a living. And if a nation wants to develop and to compete with other nations, it needs skilled workers to support economic development and to maintain the people creative, which can only be achieved through education.
So it has some sense to realize that students’ preparation for employment is the function of education, but it has far more function which should not be neglected. (280 words)
雅思写作高分范文:examination
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Some people think that examinations have some bad effects on both students and teachers. Some people say they do a good job in the evaluation of the students’ performance. What is your opinion?
You should write at least 250 words
You should use your own ideas of knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.
From elementary schools to universities, students have to take many examinations. They even regard examinations as an indispensable part of their life. In most schools and colleges, examinations are used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in a subject. However, although they do the job efficiently, their side effects are also enormous.
Examinations are unable to evaluate one’s true ability. They can only test memory or the skill of working rapidly under pressure. Sometimes the future of a candidate may be decided in a single examination. How can one do his best when he is under the extreme pressure? In other words, it does not mean that all of those who get high scores on examinations possess creativity in dealing with various problems. There are many stories that examinations failures turn out to be great scientists or successful entrepreneurs.
Another effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits. Students tend to lay emphasis on the content which will be tested. They are encouraged to memorize rather than to think. Moreover, examinations induce cramming during the exam week. However after the examination, most children forget nearly all the information and facts they stuff into their heads.
Examinations lower the standards of teaching as well. They deprive teachers of all freedom. Since teachers themselves are often judged by examination results, they have to train students in exam techniques instead of teaching their subjects. Furthermore, students are required to learn only what teachers tell them.
In conclusion, even though examinations have been used in the past, they should no longer be used as the only means of evaluation. They cannot assess a student’s performance in learning and they also have negative impacts on both students and teachers. (290 words)
雅思写作高分范文:spare time
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Some people believe that children should engage in educational pursuits in their spare time, otherwise they are wasting their time. Do you agree or disagree?
You should write at least 250 words.
You should use your own ideas of knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.
Many parents regretfully observe that their kids seem unable to come up with anything to do in their spare time besides turning on the TV or playing video games. I agree that children should make the best use of their spare time, and therefore educational programs should be their first choice when they are free.
The first reason is that educational activities, if properly planned and carried out, play a fundamental role in building children’s characters. Children are in the process of forming their outlook of the outside world as of themselves. By engaging in educational pursuits in their spare time, they have the opportunity to develop themselves, to enlarge their horizons and to discover the pleasure of doing things in a creative way. Educational activities may also help children to learn and develop the skills of gaining fulfillment from doing things.
The second factor is that educational activities also help children to learn and develop the skills. What is the main task of children? It is not only playing but also learning. Almost all the parents do not wish their children can only watch TV after they grow up. Children themselves also hope they can contribute to the world and the people when they enter the society. Therefore, it is important for children to do meaningful and valuable things in their spare time such as reading and studying.
At the same time, the problem with pursuits such as watching TV and playing video games, although entertaining, is that they do not contribute to children’s exploration of either themselves or the outside world in the process of their growing up. They do not require children to use any of their imagination or creativity. What is more, they are harmful to children’s intellectual development. The children tend to be satisfied with being couch potatoes, happily watching the screen all the time
7.写作辅导 篇七
随着国家的进步,社会的发展,我国的大学生数量逐年增多,大学教育已不再是原先的精英教育,而是逐渐转变为大众教育。随着大学生的数量增多,大学生的心理素质也越发良莠不齐。大学阶段是个体发展的关键时期,对于大学生这个具有高可塑性的群体的心理辅导就显得尤为重要。
目前在校的大学生绝大多数都是90后,所谓的90后,也就是指出生于1990年至1999年之间的人群。这个时段正赶上国家推行独生子女政策,所以大多数90后都为独生子女,没有兄弟姐妹的他们,独享着父母所有的爱。90后大学生是生长在我国社会主义市场经济时期,国家经济飞速发展的同时,90后所接受的物质文化思想都发生了翻天覆地的变化。然而,生活环境得到优化的同时,社会对90后“叛逆”“个性”“不好管理”等评价似乎也已经成为他们摆脱不掉的群体标签。但就是这样一个群体以自己特有的生活态度和行为方式为大学校园吹来一股清风,同时他们的心理健康现状对学校的教育工作提出了现实挑战[1]。高校辅导员是与学生接触时间最长、次数最多的老师。大学新生通过几年的中学生活,都会对大学无比的向往。因为中学老师为了鼓励中学生认真刻苦的学习,总会或多或少的把大学夸大成理想中的“乌托邦”,让学生们对大学无比的向往。如果把中学生比作是一根弹簧,那么高考后的他们就犹如一根被拉得很紧突然一下被松了手的弹簧。一时间的空虚,迷茫和不知所措都会给他们带来一系列的心理不适感。他们会更加渴望开学,渴望进入理想中的“乌托邦”。然而真正进入大学后,他们就会发现,理想与现实之间是存在着差距的,而且这种差距还不是一点点。心理上的巨大落差就会使这些刚刚步入大学的新生们产生更加强烈的不适感,各种心理上的问题也就会随之而来,消极、悲观、忧郁、颓废,这些“暗色系”的情绪,都会为日后产生更严重的心理问题埋下种子。
二、心理健康教育要求
如何做好学生的心理健康教育,辅导员的工作显得尤为重要。随着社会的进步,心理健康教育工作也在逐步发展,学校心理辅导的对象开始由仅仅注意有心理障碍的学生扩及到全体学生,辅导目标由单独的治疗存在心理问题的学生变为辅导目标多方面,撒网式教育以促进学生身心健康的和谐发展。[3]当今学校对心理健康教育工作者的要求越来越严格,不仅要求高学历,而且逐步要求有专业的从业资格认证。作为高校辅导员,除了应当具有政治思想教育能力外,一定的心理健康教育辅导能力也是必不可少的。国家发布的24号令中明确指出,辅导员要帮助高校学生树立正确的“三观”。要帮助他们养成良好的道德素养,经常与学生交流谈心,引导学生养成良好的心理品质,增强学生不畏困难、勇于克服的能力[4]。在国家发布的16号文件中也同样指出了上述内容。文件同时还指出要制定合理的大学生心理健康教育计划,确定相应的教育目标、内容和方法。要积极开展大学生心理健康教育和咨询辅导,引导大学生健康成长[5]。从国家的相关文件中不难看出,国家对于大学生心理健康教育的高度重视,以及高校辅导员对进行大学生心理辅导的任务之重。怎样才能使大学生心理辅导高效有用呢?这里,我们就需要讨论辅导员所必需的素质条件。在美国,已经开始聘用专业心理学家担任专职心理辅导工作者。学校心理健康教育工作的职能也开始逐渐由侧重矫治转向为侧重预防。[1]反观国内,大多所采用的是心理测验法,以现状调查、分析和研究居多。[1]与国外的大学生心理辅导相比,我国的大学生心理辅导就显得有些“亡羊补牢”了。只研究现状,等出现问题了再去治疗,却没有从源头预防高校大学生心理问题的出现。为何我国会出现这样的情形呢?经查阅我国高校辅导员招聘启示后,不难发现,我国的高校辅导员招聘多以思想政治教育专业优先,而对心理健康教育专业能力没有做硬性要求。思想政治教育专业的辅导员,可以归为广义上的心理健康教育工作者。广义上,学校的所有教师都是心理健康教育工作者,因为维护学生的心理健康,提高学生的心理素质,是全体教职员工的责任与义务[6]。这样一来,思想政治教育专业的辅导员就突显不出他与高校大学生心理辅导的重要性。也正是因为招聘中的规定,导致我国高校辅导员的心理辅导能力的欠缺。
结语
介于心理辅导对高校大学生的重要性,高校辅导员应该具有很强的科学性、知识性和专业性,应该是经过规范、严格的心理辅导训练的,是应该具备专业技能、知识和相应素质的人员。只有这样,才能保证对高校大学生心理辅导的顺利展开。具有专业心理辅导能力的辅导员,应该定期为班级学生开展团体辅导,在源头上斩断心理问题出现的苗头。发现有心理问题倾向的学生,要及时的运用专业知识对其进行辅导。让大学校园这片净土,回归本色不再遭受恶性事件的污染。
参考文献
[1]赵思鹤.80后大学生心理健康教育研究.山西财经大学,2010.
[2]洪健.辅导员如何开展大学生心理健康教育工作.南昌教育学院学报,2013.
[3]章竞思田秀菊.心理健康标准与学校心理辅导.山西农业大学学报,2002
[4]中华人民共和国教育部令第24号.《普通高等学校辅导员建设队伍规定》,2006.
[5]中共中央国务院第16号文件.关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见,2004.
8.写作辅导 篇八
【关键词】小学语文写作教学;个性化辅导策略;运用
在写作的过程中,学生应该根据自身情况和爱好确定写作内容,以便在写作中展现出自己的个性魅力。而小学生正处在从模仿写作到创作写作的转变阶段,则更应该注重写作的创新性。但就目前来看,小学生的作文格调已然出现了千篇一律的特点,继而不利于学生今后的发展。因此,小学语文教师有必要在小学语文写作教学中进行个性化辅导策略的运用,以便使当下的写作教学现状得到改善,继而促进学生的全面发展。
在小学阶段,学生的写作将会经历从模仿到创作的发展过程。但在现实生活中,受到应试教育的影响,学生的写作出现了模式化的现象。面对作文题,学生可以轻易找到相应的模板,继而导致写出的文章不是模式化就是抄袭。而这不仅使学生逐渐失去了写作的兴趣,还将使学生养成不良的写作习惯,继而不利于学生今后的发展。此外,一味的模仿他人的文章,还将使学生缺乏写作的想象力和创造力,并使学生失去诚信品质。而在小学语文写作教学中运用个性化辅导策略则可以帮助学生树立个性化的写作理念,并使学生养成个性化的写作习惯,继而帮助学生实现个性化作文的创作[1]。而个性化作文的创作则可以使学生写作的主观能动性得到提高,并且使学生的写作思维束缚的解放。因此,个性化辅导策略的运用,可以避免学生的写作过于模式化,继而有利于提高小学语文写作教学的效果,并能够进一步促进学生的全面发展。
一、树立个性化写作理念
在写作教学中,教师应该帮助学生树立个性化的写作理念,以便引导学生完成作文的个性化创作。而想要达成这一目的,教师首先要尊重学生的个性发展,即以学生的个性发展为基础展开写作教学。一方面,在组织写作活动时,教师不能只根据自己的知识经验安排作文教学活动。为了确保学生的个性化需求得到满足,教师需要征集学生的意见,继而使写作教学活动更加多样化。另一方面,教师要在写作教学中鼓励学生表达自己的观点,继而使学生自主完成文章的创作。为了使学生能够有创意的表达出自己对文题的看法,教师还要从多个角度启发学生,以便指导学生对作文题目进行深入的思考[2]。此外,教师不能对不符合写作要求但是具有个性化特点的文章给予否定,并且还要给予学生支持和鼓励。
二、构建个性化写作氛围
为了帮助学生进行个性化的创作,教师要为学生构建个性化的写作氛围。一方面,在开展作文命题教学时,教师往往会根据写作材料制定作文的题目,并要求学生围绕这个题目展开写作。但是,不同的学生有不同的思维特点和兴趣,单一的作文题目则将导致学生失去个性化创作的机会。所以,教师在开展作文命题教学时,应该通过与学生讨论完成一组题目的设计,继而满足学生的写作需求。例如,人教版小学三年级上册第三单元的作文题目就是选取一幅秋天图画进行写作。而教师则应该带领学生观察多幅秋天图片,继而设计出《秋天的傍晚》和《秋天的午后》等多个作文题目。另一方面,在写作题材的选择方面,教师应该为学生提供一系列充满童趣的自选材料,并营造轻松的课堂教学氛围,继而使学生完成从思维到文字的转化[3]。而这些材料需要与生活实际联系起来,以便使学生对生活的回忆和想象得到激发。
三、提供个性化写作指导
在写作的过程中,教师还需要为学生提供个性化的写作指导,以便使学生的写作能力得到进一步的培养。一方面,教师可以给予学生启发性指导。具体来讲,就是通过阐述事物使学生更好的理解事物,继而使学生的写作获得一定的启发。而需要注意的是,教师并不是启发学生怎样按照写作要求完成写作,而是要客观的对写作的材料进行解读。所以,教师的指导不能过于繁琐,以免使学生的思维被束缚。而对于小学生来讲,教师的指导也不能过于严格,以免学生的独立思考空间遭到剥夺。另一方面,教师还可以为学生提供单独指导。具体来讲,就是教师应该尊重学生的个性差异,对不同学生产生的不同写作困扰进行解答[4]。而在实现学生的单独写作指导时,教师要事先了解学生的兴趣爱好和性格特征,以便使学生的实际需求得到满足。
四、培养个性化写作习惯
为了实现对学生的个性化写作辅导,教师需要完成对学生的个性化写作习惯的培养。在阅读文学作品的过程中,不同的读者将会得出不同的结论。而从不同的思考角度进行写作,则可以创作出不同的文章。所以,教师在开展写作教学时,应该引导学生从不同的角度完成写作思考。而想要达成这一目的,教师则需要对学生的写作角度进行培养,并鼓励学生多完成写作训练,继而养成一种多角度写作习惯。一方面,教师需要使命题作文在写作教学中的比例减少,并鼓励学生自主确定文章的题材和题目。另一方面,人们的思考主要来自于生活,所以教师应该鼓励学生完成对日常生活的记录,继而使学生的文字驾驭能力得到提升的同时,也能从多个角度看待问题。此外,教师应该使学生的课外生活更加丰富,继而使学生具有多种写作风格。
五、实施个性化写作评价
在传统小学语文写作教学中,教师总是会给予学生笼统的评价,继而使学生写作的差异性遭到了忽略,并影响了学生的创作兴趣。而教师给予学生个性化的写作评价,则可以使学生的个性化写作得到鼓励。同时,根据作文类型采取不同风格的评价,也可以使学生得到启发,继而使学生的个性化写作理念得到创新。而教师在提出个性化的写作评价时,主要需要考虑三方面的问题。首先,教师需要根据不同的训练目的确立不同的评价标准,以便使学生了解自己在写作方面是否达到了教师提出的训练要求。比如,在进行看图写话练习时,只要学生写的作文能够将图中意识表达清楚,就可以算是好作文[5]。其次,在对作文进行评价时,教师要抓住作文的独特之处,以便从不同的角度完成对作文的评价,继而使学生更好的进行个性化的创作。此外,在编写评语时,教师要考虑到学生的年龄和性格特征,以便采用适合的语气与学生有效沟通,继而使作文评语发挥应有的指导作用。
总之,素质教育改革的不断推进,为学生的个性化发展提供了保障。所以,我们应该积极的响应这一改革号召,在写作教学中为学生提供个性化辅导,提高学生的作文水平,使学生创作出更加富有个性的作文。
参考文献:
[1]王立娟.写作策略知识在小学语文教学中应用状况的分析[D].上海师范大学,2012.
[2]吕艳辉.小学语文个性化作文教学的问题及对策研究[D].东北师范大学,2012.
[3]周颖.中学生个性化写作教学策略研究[D].辽宁师范大学,2011.
[4]刘公兰.小学语文个性化作文教学策略研究[J].新课程研究(下旬刊),2014,09:24-25.
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