高三英语复习教案 名词性从句 (2009-4-10)

高三英语复习教案 名词性从句 (2009-4-10)（精选5篇）

1.高三英语复习教案 名词性从句 (2009-4-10) 篇一

语法系列复习专题九-----名词从句、定语从句

名词从句

名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如：

宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go.

主语从句：Where he will go is unknown.

表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money.

同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game.

下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的：

1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，(即引导宾语从句时if和whether

可以互换)但以下几种名词从句要用whether(不用if)引导：

(1) 引导主语从句，且在句首时。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但

It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis).

(2) 引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job.

(3) 引导同位语从句时。例：I have no idea whether he will come.

(4) 介词后的whether从句。例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.

2. 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。

例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.

3. 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…+

that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用(should)do这样的虚拟语气形式。

例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us.

It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all ones life.

It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings(缺点).

4. 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because.

例如：The reason why he didnt go to school yesterday is that he was ill.

5. 名词从句中that,what用法比较：

引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，无意义，而what是连接代词，what=the

thing(s) that.

例如：It was told in yesterdays newspaper that what the students had done was praised

by the factory.

I know that he will study.

I know what he will study.

That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.

What he works hard at is known to us all.

All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(=the person that)he

used to be.他和以前大不相同了。

6. where在名词从句中的使用特点：

where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词+the place where” 形式。例如：

主从：Where(=The place where)she has gone is still unknown.

宾从：Would you please tell me where(=the place where) Mr Smith lives?

表从：Your dictionary remains where(=in/at the place where)you put.

同位从：Have you any idea where(=of the place where) she is spending her holidays?

7. 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序。例如：

I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.

当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序(即“主+谓+(宾)”或“主+系+表”结构)，将其变为间接引语(即宾语从句)时，无需改变语序。例如：

Whats the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him.

Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather.

名词从句考点分析

1.They want to know ______ do to help us. (NMET)

A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they

析：此题要选陈述语序项，故应排除C、D。又因how they can do不完整，do后无宾

语，故也应排除，只有A项既是陈述语序，且what they can do完整正确地表达出“他

们能做些什么”这一意思，故答案为A。

2.His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching.

A.didn’t think;was;that B.thought;was;whether

C.didn’t think;was;× D.thought;wasnt;×

析：观察题目，可知think后跟有and连接的两个并列宾语从句，这时前一个宾语从句

的引导语that可以省略，但引导后一宾语从句的that不可省略，据此，可排除C、D

两个选项。若选B项，全句意思不通，而选择A项可表达“他的老师认为他不聪明，不

值得教”这一意思，且语法结构无误，故可定A是正确答案。

3.______ is done cannot be undone.

A.How B.That C.What D.Where

析：do一般作及物动词使用，从题干看，需选一词作主语(逻辑上是done的宾语)。

而A.How,D.Where均是副词，不能作主语，故应排除。B项that一词只能在定语从句

中作主语，不能在主语从句中作主语，也应排除。只有选what(=the thing that),才

能正确表述“凡是做的不可不做”这一意思。

4.Take care ______ you dont make mistakes in the coming exam.

A.of that B.about that C.for what D.that

析：take care是“注意”、“当心”意，后面可跟that引导的宾语从句来表达“当心

不要…”意思，据此，该题应选D。

5.To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put.

A.which B.where C.the place D.that

析：观察题干，was not后是表语，根据where在表语从句中相当于in/at the place where,

将其置于空白处则可表达“伞不在他当初放的地方”这一意思，而C选项缺少词，不可

选。A、D项皆不合用。

6.______ we cant get seems better than ______ we have.

A.what;what B.what;that C.that;that D.that;what

析：此题显然是要表达“我们得不到的东西似乎比我们得到的东西好。”这一意思，即

“A seems better that B”结构，根据what=the thing(s) that这一特点，将其置

于两空白处正好可以表达出前者比后者好这一意思，故答案为A。

7.______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where

析：此题depends前的主语从句是一个不肯定的内容，在句首表“是否”意时，只能用

Whether,不可用If。故答案为B。

8.______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better

cars.

A.That;how B.What;how C.What;what D.That;that

析：is前面是一个主语从句，要表达“他们最感兴趣的(东西)”这一意思，只能选what

填入空白;is是表语从句，显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”，故

答案为B。

9.He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.

A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off

析：suggestion,order,adivce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用(should)do的形式，且

该句中test与put off为被动关系，故选B。

10.I dont think ______ he said something like that is right.

A.that B.what C.whether D.when

析：此句think后是一宾语从句，这个宾语从句的主语在is之前，它是一个被动句。

因为he said something like that已经含有主、谓、宾、状等成分，只有选不表意义，

不做成分的that才合适，故选A。

定语从句

一、定语从句与引导词

定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，

而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。

懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。

1. 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose

作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that;代物的有：that,which,whose.例如：

The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)

That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定

语从句中作宾语，可省略)

Im not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语)

A dictionary is a useful book which(=that) tells us the meaning of words(which

或that代物，在定从中作主语)

2. 关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。

例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)

The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.

注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：Well visit the factory which(=that) makes radios.

(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用)

They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.

(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用)

二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代

词;非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Pings father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。)

He is good at physics, as is known to us all.=As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)

三、只用that引导和不用that引导的场合

1. 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合

1) 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted

him.

2) 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./Thats the only watch that I like most.

3) 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.

4) 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?

5) 先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?

2. 不用that的场合如下：

1)非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long

March .

2)介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news

3)句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.

四、“介词+关系代词”用法

1. 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)

2. 介词常受先行词的制约(即介词和先行词的搭配)，例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)

3. 当关系代词作“动词+介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which youre looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.

五、几个名词后的引导词

1. situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in

which you can use the word?

2. way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?

3. “the same+名词”，“such+名词”，“as+名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。

例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.

定语从句考点分析

1. The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.

A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;×

析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。

2. It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.

It was 1969 ______ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship.

A.when B.which C.that D.×

析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was+强调部分+that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故选A。

3. Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born?

A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where

析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗?”这一意思，故答案为C。

4. Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born?

A.where B.which C.in which D.at which

析：将此句变为陈述句;This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(=the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。

5. In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for

help.

A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that

析：“介词+关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故

应选A。

6. The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jims gold watch and Dellas

hair.

A.about which B.of which C.in which D.for which

析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。

7. Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.

A.why B.that C.for which D.what

析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。

8. Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.

A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where

析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(=in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。

9. We need the same machine ______ in your factory.

A.which is being used B.as is being used

C.that is being used D.as it is being used

析：根据“the same+先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。

10.______ the people,not things ______ are most important.

A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who

析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调

句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is (或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读

起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It is…that”

三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选

C是对的。

名词从句、定语从句专练

1.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won.

A.That;that B.What;which C.What;that D.That;which

2.This is the only book ______ I want to read.

A.which B.that C.what D.as

3.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ the bus.

A. that;I didnt catch B.×;that I missed

C.why;because I have missed D.×;because my not catching

4. The problem ______ has been completely settled.

A.which you thought B.that you thought

C.about which you thought it D.that you thought about

5. Is this the tape-recorder you wish ______?

A.to have it repaired B.to repair it

C.to have repaired D.repairing

6. The electric toy ______ last month has gone out of order.

A.I bought it for him B.which I bought to him

C.I bought for him D.that I bought to him

7. His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows,______ he oculd see nothing but tress.

A.frm which B.from where C.where D.from there

8. Every minute ______ full use of to study our lessons will do our students good.

A.which makes B.that is made C.that made D.what is made

9. Will it be two months ______ we can get another one?

A.that B.when C.before D.in which

10.After graduation we should go ______ our Party needs us most.

A.to the place which B.in which C.that D.where

11.There is a popular belief among parents ______ schools are no louger interested

in handwriting.

A.who B.whose C.that D.which

12.He lent me a lot of maney,______ I couldn’t buy the TV set.

A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which

13.Water power stations are bulit ______ big water falls.

A.which are B.which has C.where there have D.where there are

14.The direction ______ a force acts can be changed.

A.how B.which C.towards D.×

15.Was it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her?

A.when B.which C.on which D.that

16.In the end she decided to sell the house ______ windows were almost broken.

A.which B.that C.of which D.whose

17.That ______ you lent me wasn’t _____ I wanted.

A.that;all B.which;all C.that;what D.which;that

18.Each time ______ they met,they would talk long hours together.

A.during B.which C.where D.×

19.This is the third week ______ for the rubbish.

A.that they didn’t come B.they aren’t coming

C.they haven’t come D.when they haven’t come

20.On the desk ______ a Chinese brush ______ he had made drawing.

A.lay;with which B.lies;by which C.laid;in which D.lay;on which

21.Well never forget the days ______ we spent on the seashore.

A.during which B.in which C.when D.×

22.The beautiful church ______ we see there is very famous.

A.the tower which B.of whose tower C.the tower of which D.of which tower

23.The 11th Asian Games, ______ China won 183 gold medals,was held in the autumn

of 1990.

A.which B.that C.at which D.at that

24.The only thing ______ is wrong with this is ______ a friend of mine said to me

the other day.

A.which;what B.what;that C.that;what D.that;which

25.Who is he man ______ is talking with John?

A.which B.who C.what D.that

26.The farmer uses wood to build a house ______ to store grains.

A.with which B.to where C.which D.in which

27.I really dont know ______ I had my pocket picked.

A.where was it that B.it was where that

C.where it was that D.was it where that

28.He insisted that he ______ right in doing that.

A.should be B.was C.would be D.is

29.--Have you heard from Mary recently?

--Yes,she said she was thinking ______ she should do next.

A.that B.of what C.what D.how

30.Can you guess ______?

A.who that man is B.who is that man

C.what is that man D.whom that man is

31.Tom told his aunt that he ______ what he was doing during the time when he was

in the country.

A.had just asked B.had just been asked C.was just asked D.just asked

32.The reason ______ she gave for not being present was ______ the heavy snow

prevented her coming.

A.×;because B.why;because C.×;that D.why;whether

33.Air is to us ______ water is to fish.

A.what B.that C.which D.is that

34.The free ticket will be sent to ______ comes first.

A.whoever B.whomever C.whosever D.no matter who

35.______ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.

A.It B.That C.He D.What

36.I dont know ______ is ______ I was born.

A.that;when B.that;what C.that;where D.what;where

37.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.

A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever

38.Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.

A.that B.if C.whether D.that if

39.As many nembers ______ were present agreed to the plan.

A.who B.that C.which D.as

40.______ can be seen from his face,he is quite satisfied.

A.That B.It C.Which D.As

名词从句、定语从句专练答案

1-5 C B B D C 6-10 C B B C D 11-15 C C D D D

16-20 D B D C A 21-25 D C C C D 26-30 D C B B A

31-35 B C A A A 36-40 C B D D D

责任编辑：李芳芳

2.高三英语复习教案 名词性从句 (2009-4-10) 篇二

1.The world loves nature. (subject，object)

2.Knowledge is power . (subject， predicative)

3.We Chinese are peace-loving.(apposition)

名词性从句

名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等

主语从句

宾语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

His job is important.What he does is important

This is his job.This is what he does every day

I don’t like his job。 I don’t like what he does every day.

I don’t know about the man, Mr. White I don’t know about the fact that he is Mr.White.

That the earth is round is right.

I want to know whether he comes or not.

Pay attention to what I said.

The reason is that he was late for school.

The fact that he died made us sad.

如何判断从句的类别?根据从句的位置判断。

①主语从句(从句位于动词前作主语)(it 做形式主语放于句首，主从放句末)

②宾语从句(从句位于动词后或介词，adj作宾语)

③表语从句(从句位于系动词之后作表语)

④同位语从句(从句位于特殊的名词如idea,fact,news等后

补充说明前面的名词)

Ⅰ指出下列各名词性从句的种类

At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.

She wondered if the buses would still be running.

The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.

When we will start is not clear.

I had no idea that you were her friend.

名词性从句中的连接词有:

连词: that / whether / as if(though);

连接代词: what / who/ which / whose /

whatever / whoever / whomever

/ whichever，

连接副词: where / when / why / how

/ wherever / whenever

Ⅱ句型转换(1.判断主句，从句 2.看主句是否完整，不完整，则用从句补充，若完整则从句代替其中一个成分)

1.They are good doctors. He told us.

He told us that they were good doctors.

2. He hadn’t said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.

The fact that he hadn’t said anything at the meeting surprised us.

总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用that引导。(that无意义，不做成分)

3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know?

Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?

4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder.

I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.

总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。

5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me?

Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?

6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given?

My question is where the lecture will be given.

总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。

总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单数概念。由what引导的一般看后面的表语。宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致。

1.What we need is more time.

2.What we need are more English dictionaries.

Ⅲ 改错

1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.

2.When the meeting will be held haven’t been known yet.

3.I didn’t know that you will come.

4.He said that he is writing a story.

5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?

6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.

主语从句

连词(除了 as if ,because)

if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

Whether he will come on Wednesday is not certain. 不用if

it 做形式主语(由连词 whether , 连接代词 what,who,which 和连接副词 when,where,why,how 等引导.也常常后置:

It’ possible/important/necessary/clear… that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…

It’s said/ reported… that..据说/据报道…

It’s announced/declared that..已经通知/宣布…

It seems/appears/happens.. that…显然、明显、碰巧..

It’s no wonder that…并不奇怪/无疑…It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知)

/ a common saying….(俗话说)

3.主语从句中 ，谓语动词一般用单数What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定

What he needs _is_ that book.

What he needs _are_ some books

When and where we meet hasn’t been decided.

When we meet and where we meet haven’t been decided.

4主语从句的 “that”不能省。

宾语从句

连词(除了as if ,because)

由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)

She told me that she would accept my invitation.

I heard that be joined the army.

I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.

注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。

但是：He told me (that) he would attend the international maths Olympic competition and that he would win the gold medal.

2.Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .

Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .

表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。

a. 主语从句

b. 表语从句

c. 同位语从句

d. 介词后的宾语从句

e.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.)

f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if

1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.

3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.

4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.

5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.

6. I don’t know _______ to go.

3.时态.与主句相呼应： 如果主句是现在的时态 (包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，(包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等)

I know he lives here .

I know he lived here ten years ago .

I have heard that he will come tomorrow

如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时，过去进行时)，那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时)

I knew who lived here.

I saw she was talking with her mother.

He asked whether his father would come back

tomorrow.

He said that he had seen it .

当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。

The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .

4 it 可以作为形式宾语think，believe，find， make, consider, feel

I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.

5否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think he will come.

表语从句(可用as if ,because)不用if

The question is whether we can rely on him.

That’s because we were in need of money at that time .

He looked as if he was going to cry .

That’s why I was late .

That’s why + 结果

That’s because+原因

He is ill. That’s why he is absent.

He is absent. That’s because he is ill.

同位语从句(不用if ,because, as if)

同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导

He gave me a promise that he would buy a new car for me.

I have no idea whether he will come.

That 引导的同位语从句与定从的区别

The fact that he said nothing surprised everyone present.

The fact that he sais surprised everyone present.

(1)同位语从句--同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明

定语从句 --定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定

(2) 同位语从句--that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分

定语从句 -- that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充 当宾语和主语

名词性从句中连词选择“三步法”

“一分二划三看”

一、“一分”即分清从句类型

二、“二划”即划分出从句(用括号表示从句)

(1)(That the erath is round) is true.(主语从句)

v

(2)Do you know(where he lives)?(宾语从句)

v

(3)My opinion is (that you should not go alone) .(表语从句)

v

(4)I don’t like the idea (that money is everything).(同位语从句)

n

三、“三看”即看从句句意是否完整：

1、句意不完整→缺连接代词 ①人 who,whoever(主语)

whom,whomever(宾语)

②物 what,whatever(主语、宾语)

which,whichever(主语、宾语)

2、句意完整

(1)缺连接副词 ：

①时间：when;②地点：where,wherever;③原因：why;④方式：how。

3.高中英语名词性从句语法 篇三

Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.

It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.

C) 在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略) 如：

It all depends (on) whether they will support us.

D) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：

He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.

E) 后面紧接or not 时。如：

We didn’t know whether or not

she was ready.

② 关联词if， whether均可使用的情况如下：

A) 引导宾语从句。如：

I wonder if (whether) the news is

true or not.

B) 在 “be+形容词” 之后。如：

He was not sure whether (if) it is

right or wrong.

宾语从句要注意的几个问题

? 1. 时态呼应

? 2. 否定转移：

? 3. 形式宾语it的使用

注：在think， believe， suppose， expect 等动词之后，宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。

I don’t think he will see you.

I don’t believe he will go.

注：在接复合宾语的句子中( S+Vt+O+Oc)， 为了保持句子平衡， 用it 作形式宾语，将从句放于句尾， 常接复合宾语的动词有： make， find， see， hear， feel， think...

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

I think it a pity to waste the food

表语从句的用法

在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句， 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。

That’s what we should do.

That’s why I want to see you.

1. be， seem， look等动词后均可跟表语从句：

My suggestion is that we should go shopping.

It seems that it is going to rain.

2. as if， because 也可引导表语从句。

It looks as if it’s going to rain.

It was because I got up late.

3. 在非正式文体中，引导表语从句的that可以省略。如：

The trouble is (that) he is ill.

注意：在表语从句中，当reason做主语时， 引导词只能用that，不能用because，如：他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。

The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.

同位语从句

同位语从句一般跟在名词fact， news， promise， truth， belief， thought， idea， answer， information， knowledge， doubt， hope， law， opinion， plan， suggestion后面， 用以说明或解释前面的名词.

The news that our team has won the match is true.

His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.

注： 1. that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从句的区别： 引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义， 不作从句的任何成分， 而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分

He told me the news that our team won the match.

He told me the news that was very exciting.

We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.

We are interested in the news that he told us.

2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.

I have no idea where he has gone.

I have no idea when he did it.

4.高三英语复习教案 名词性从句 (2009-4-10) 篇四

（一）译成前置定语

（二）后置并列分句

（三）溶合译法

（四）译成状语

 The traders wanted safe access to large quantities of Oriental spices, which the European world had come to like, and which people needed for presenting food in days before the introduction of cold storage.商人们想平安无事地获取大量的东方香料，这些香料已经为欧洲人所喜爱，而且在没有发明 冷藏法的当时，香料也是人们储藏食品所必须的。

 I had seldom met an American who served in China during World War II who had not known Zhou Enlai.二战期间曾在中国工作过却不认识周恩来的美国人很少见。 译成前置定语：

 This is the soldier who just returned from the front.译文：这是刚从前线回来的战士。

 To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to those of people who need them.译文：诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为许多需要工作的人提供就业机会。

 In recent years, however, people have begun to become aware that cities are also areas where there is a concentration of problems.可是，近几年来人们开始意识到城市也是问题成堆的地方。 Chemistry deals with changes in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.译文：化学是研究物质变化的，这种变化的结果能够形成新的物质。

 This will be epoch-making revolution in China’s social productive forces which will lay down the material foundation for the socialist and communist mode of production. 译文：这将是中国社会生产力方面一次划时代的革命，将为社会主义与共产主义的生产方式打下物质基础。

 He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he didn’t like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant.他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。 后置并列分句

 The minor internal motions of the atmosphere, which was known as winds, depart only in a small way from the movement of this envelope as a whole.译文：大气微小的内部运动，即我们所说的风，仅与整个大气围层的运动稍微不太一致。

 But listen, I met a man, who said you could solve this problem.听着，我遇到一个人，他说你能解决这个问题。 I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

 The book is prepared for examples for writing compositions, which, as it were, has been taken as a difficult task.本书旨在为写作提供范例，可以说写作是一个难题。

 Day light comes from the sun, which is a mass of hot, glowing gas.日过来自太阳，太阳是一团炽热，发光的气体。

 She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.他对孩子们很耐心，而她丈夫却很少这样。 Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心与创造力，而这正是这一领域获得成功的关键。 溶合译法

 原文：There is nothing that does not contain contradiction;without contradiction, nothing would exist.译文：没有什么事物是不包含矛盾的，没有矛盾就没有世界。 原文：Aluminum alloys which are much lighter than steel and some of which are even stronger than steel is widely used in the aircraft industry.译文：铝合金比钢轻很多，有的强度比钢还要大，因而在飞机工业上使用广泛。

 原文：He has a son of twenty who is now at the college.译文：他有个二十岁的儿子正在上大学。

 原文：This was the first time I had serious trouble with my leader.译文：这是我第一次与领导发生严重纠葛。

 There are many people who want to select this major.许多人要选这个专业。

 There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.楼下有人要见你。 You are the only person who could do it.只有你才能做这件事。 译成状语

 The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain.译文：由于计算机起着类似人脑的作用，所以常常被称为电脑。（原因）

 Men became desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families.人们极其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。（条件）

 They were a part of his pride and glory, which is fading into failure in his helpless hands.他们属于他的骄傲与荣耀，虽然如今这些正在化为泡影，他却无可奈何。（让步）

 Each tour will be escorted by English speaking interpreters who will help the visitors to obtain information about what you are seeing.每次游览都有英语翻译陪同，以帮助来宾了解参观点的情况。以便来宾更好地了解与欣赏各个景点。（目的）

 There is a most high temperature at the sun’s centre, where all the substances are impossible to be in the form of liquids or solids.太阳中心的温度极高，那里的一切物质都不可能以液体或者固体的形式存在。综合练习：

 There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of the steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits.在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦沿着其崎岖之路攀登的人，才有希望达到它光辉的顶点。 I was endeavoring to put off one sort of life for another sort of life, which was not better than the life I had known.我一直在竭力摆脱一种生活，该换另一种生活，但我说该换的生活并不见得比我原先的生活好。

 We used a plane of which almost every part carried some identification of national identity.我们驾驶的飞机几乎每个部件都有国籍的某些标志。

 There occurred the Great Earthquakes of 1923 in Japan, which caused a serious damage of property and a great loss of lives.1923年，日本发生了大地震，造成了巨大的财产损失与严重的人员伤亡。

 He showed no further wish for conversation with Mr.Smith, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.他似乎不愿再与史密斯先生讲话，因为他现在异常无礼，令人厌烦。

 He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for.他坚持要再买一座房子都与，尽管他并没有这样的需要。

 They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country.他们试图去剿灭这次起义，但其却以更加迅猛的速度发展到了全国各地。

 A driver who is driving a bus mustn’t talk with others or be absent-minded.司机在开车时，不能喝别人谈话，也不能走神。 In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines, and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.译文：在欧洲，就像在其他地方一样，多媒体集团越来越成功了，这些集团把相互间密切联系的电视台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社组合到了一起。

 原文：Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. 译文：沃尔夫进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。状语从句的翻译

一、按照原文顺序译出

 If you don’t mind, I’ll turn off the heating.译文：如果你不介意，我就把暖气关了。

 Where water resources are plentiful, hydroelectric power stations are being built in large numbers.哪里有充足的水源，哪里就在修建大批的水电站。

 Though he was defeated in the election, he became famous for his fiery speeches against slavery.虽然他竞选失败了，却以其反对蓄奴制度的激烈演说而出名。

二、状语从句译在主句之前

 She is sure to come unless she has some urgent business.译文：除非她有急事，她一定会来。 I will never give in, no matter what happens.译文：不管怎么样，我永远不会屈服。

三、状语从句转译成其他的状语从句 Why did you give up when you could make it? 译文：既然你能成功，干吗要放弃呢？ If you can come, I’ll be only too glad.译文：你能来，我就太高兴了。

 Skill and patience will succeed where force fails.在体力做不到的时候，技巧与耐心会帮助人成功。（地点-时间） Though not in substance, yet in form, economic reforms are at first a nation-wide revolution.如果不就内容而就形式而言，经济改革首先就是一场全国性的革命（让步-条件）

四、状语从句译成非状语从句  The boy shouted as he ran.译文：那个男孩一边跑一边喊。

 The monkey was feeling a bit scared when suddenly the crocodile dived under the water.译文：猴子正感到有点害怕，鳄鱼突然向水下潜去。 They asked her to stay where she was.译文：他们让她待在原处。

 The greedy official dared to accept any presents, whoever sent him.译文：无论是谁送给他们的礼品，这些贪官都敢收。 You may do as you please.译文：你愿意怎么做都行。

名词性从句的翻译 英语名词性从句包括：  主语从句  宾语从句  表语从句  同位语从句

一、主语从句(一)“It+被动语态+that从句”

 It is reported that the Summit Meeting will be held in December.据报道吗，这个峰会将在12月举行。

 It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well;but on television everything is much more living, much more real.可能有人会提出，无线电广播同样能够到这一点；但是在电视屏幕上，每个节目都显得更加生动，更加真实。(二)“It+谓语（表语）+that”句型

A.It goes without saying that plants cannot grow without sunshine.毋庸置疑，没有阳光，植物就不能生长。It is quite obvious that the girl still loves you deeply.很明显，这个女孩依然深爱着你。

B.It is frequently the case that his car breaks down on the highway.他的车在路上抛锚，这是常有的事儿。(三)由“what, whatever, whoever, when, whether”等引导出的主语从句通常可按正常语序译出。

 What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.难得的是一辈子做好事而不做坏事。

 Whatever was said must be kept secret.这里说的每句话都应当保密。

 Who will monitor the class is not decided yet.谁当班长还没决定。

二、宾语从句(一)普通句型

以从属连词、连接代词或介词引起的宾语从句汉译时，词序一般不变。① I haven’t made up my mind as to what elective courses I’m to take next term.译文：我还没决定下学期上什么选修课。

② This shows that something unexpected may have turned up.译文：这表明可能出现了意外情况。(二)用it作形式宾语的句子。

① I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.译文：我让你自己判断，这件事该不该做。

② I made it clear to the students that they must hand in their assignments before 11 a.m.译文：我给学生讲明，他们必须在上午11点前交作业。(三)英语中有时为了修辞强调，把宾语从句置于主句前，汉译时，也可遵从修辞效果，顺序译出。例： ① Whether they like it or not, I don’t care.译文：他们喜不喜欢，我可不管。

②What they were asked to do in 10 days, they finished in two.译文：让他们十天做的事，他两天就做完了。

三、表语从句

 That’s what we should do.这是我们该做的。

 The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? 译文：今天人人都担心的问题是：这些燃料能维持多久？  If I have seen farther than other man, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants.(Newton）

要说我比别人望得远了一点，那是因为我已经站在了巨人的肩膀上。

 That is why the “know-all” is ridiculous.万事通之所以可笑，原因就在于这个地方。

 That’s why she is so happy.如此高兴的原因就在这里。

 One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature and so on.译文：难题之一在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。

四、同位语从句  There can be no doubt that he is qualified for the job.毫无疑问他能胜任这项工作。

 They marvel at the fact that China did it all on its own.译文：他们对这个事实感到十分惊讶——所有一切都是中国凭自己的力量完成的。

 But the idea that the journalists must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. 新闻记者应该比普通公民更懂法律，这种看法是基于他们对新闻媒体业已确定的规约与特殊责任的理解之上的。

汉语特殊句式翻译

一、连动式

谓语由两个或者两个以上的动词构成，在动词短语中没有停顿，也没有关联词语，两个动词短语共用一个主语(一)用分词与不定式等非谓语动词来翻译次要动词，如：

1．我们花很少的钱就能够买到一份日报。

译文：We spend very little money buying a piece of daily.2.市政府于去年底启动了一项“净空”工程，关闭了大气污染严重的企业。

译文：The municipal government started an air-decontamination project at the end of last year, closing the enterprises that cause heavy pollutions.(二)用英语的介词短语表达汉语中的动词概念，如：

我将乘飞机离开北京。

译文：I will leave Beijing by plane.(三)用英语“and”连接词来连接几个动作。

例：从社会总体、长远的利益出发，政府可以运用税收、转移支付等方式适当调节收入分配差距，扶助弱势群体，维护整个社会的与谐、稳定。

译文：From the society as a whole and long-term profit perspectives, the government can use tax or transfer payment to appropriately adjust the difference of income distribution so as to help the weak and maintain harmony and stability of the society.二、兼语式

“兼语式” 指其“谓语是由一个动宾结构与一个主谓短语套在一起构成的，谓语中前一个动宾结构兼作后一个主谓结构的主语”。(一)根据英语的SVOC（主语+谓语+宾语+补语）句型把汉语兼语式的第二个动词译作英语的宾语补足语（不定式、介词短语、形容词、介词、副词、分词或名词来充当）。例如： 例1：我等他来。

译文：I am waiting for him to come.例2：国际社会呼吁交战双方早日达成停火协议。

译文：The international community appealed to the warring sides for an earliest possible cease-fire agreement．(二)利用英语中表示“致使”、“促成”意义的动词，翻译汉语兼语式谓语。

例1：疼痛使他喊出了声。译文：The pain made him cry out.例2：这些项目具有技术起点高、经济效益好、市场潜力大、发展后劲足等特点，能够使投资者获得可观的效益。

译文：With a solid technical basis, sound economic efficiency, great market potential and bright prospective, these projects will secure good economic results for the investors．(三)兼语式的第一个动词为“表扬”、“称赞”、“埋怨”、“责怪”、“批评”等时，往往可将第二个动词译成英语中表示原因的状语从句或状语性短语。

原文：那位评论家指责该书作者有剽窃行为。

译文：The critic criticized the author of the book for plagiarism．(四)很多情况下，兼语式的英译需根据上下文与英语习惯灵活处理。

原文：我劝你还是投案自首，以求宽大处理。

译文：You’d better surrender yourself to the police in the hope of being accorded lenient treatment．

三、“是”字句 1.译为英语连系动词be 例1.改革是振兴中国的唯一出路。

译文：Reform is the only process through which China can be revitalized.例2.那年月，有钱人是天天过年。

译文：In those years, the rich people’s extravagance was such that everyday was a Spring Festival.例3.是党与政府的正确方针与政策，促进了广大农村的经济繁荣。

译文：It is the correct principles and policies of our Party and Government that have promoted the economic prosperity of China’s vast rural areas.2.省略“是”字

例1.武汉是长江中下游地区的特大城市，是湖北省的政治、经济、文化、科技中心。

译文：Wuhan, a metropolis situated in the middle reaches of the Changjiang River, is the political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological center of Hubei Province.例2.中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，社会生产力水平总的还比较低。

译文：As the largest developing country in the world China has a relatively low level of productive forces on the whole.例3.工业企业效益差是当前许多矛盾的症结所在。

译文：All the contradictions existing in industrial enterprises today boil down to scanty economic returns.3.译为被动语态

例1.革命者是杀不完的。

译文：Revolutionaries can never be wiped out.例2.这双皮鞋是定做的。

译文：This pair of leather shoes are custom-made.例3.这种装置在机械表制造工业中是很需要的。译文：This kind of device is much needed in the mechanical watch-making industry.4.根据“是”的实际意义翻译

例1.创新是一个民族进步的灵魂。

译文：Innovation sustains the progress of a nation.例2.这是大势所趋，人心所向。

译文：This represents the general trend of development and the common aspiration of the people.四、“得”字句

1.用情态助动词翻译“得”字 例1.她的英语讲得好。译文：She can speak English well.例2.你干得了这件事吗？ 译文：Can you do it? 例3.他看得出两者的差别。

译文：He was able to see the difference between the two.2.用词法手段翻译“得”字 例1.这个人靠得住吗? 译文：Is the man reliable ? 例2.这个道理讲得通。译文：The reason is acceptable.3.用固定结构翻译“得”字

例1.地板霉烂得有许多地方不能再擦洗了。

译文：The floors were in so rotten a condition that many of them could not be scrubbed.例2.不要高兴得忘乎所以。

译文：Don’t be so happy as to forget everything.例3.天气闷热得大家喘不过气来。

译文：It was such a hot and stuffy weather that people were out of breath.例4.这些苹果酸得不能吃。译文：These apples are too sour to eat.4.省略“得”字

例1.他们俩人很合得来。

译文：Both of them got well along with each other.例2.学生们听课听得很入神。

译文：The students listened to the lecture attentively.例3.你来得正是时候。译文：You came in the nick of time.例4.游客们玩得很开心。

译文：The visitors had a wonderful time.例5.这件事情做得非常出色。译文：It’s exceedingly well done.五、“把”字句 1.译为被动句

例1.他所做的一切把我感动得流下了眼泪。

译文：I was moved to tears by what he had done.例2.把这些救灾物资送到洪灾区是当前的第一要务。

译文：It is currently the first and foremost thing that these disaster-relief supplies should be dispatched to the flood-stricken areas.例3.隆隆的大炮声把傀儡军吓坏了。

译文：The puppet soldiers were frightened to death by the rumbling of cannons.2.bring sb./sth.adv 句型

该句式表达的是“把某人/某事带到某个程度或地方”，比如： bring you here（把你带到这里来，带你来这），bring them up（把他们抚养长大）。3.get sb./sth.done 句型

该句式表达的是“把某人/某事怎么样”，比如： get things done（把事情做完），get it started（把某机器之类的东西开动起来，开始某个行为做某事），get sb.killed（把某人给杀了）get sb.accused（把某人给告了）。4.have sth.done 句型，比如： have the hair cut（把头发剪了）have the machine repaired（把机器修好）5.make sb./sth.done/adj 句型

“使动动词”引导的句型很多都是把字句（不局限于动词make，所有包含使动意味的动词均可）。比如，make me confused（把我搞糊涂了），make it clean/clear（把它弄干净/清楚）

cut it short（把它裁短一些，说话简短些，消减一些成本），drive me crazy/mad（把我逼疯）， knock me down（把我撞倒）， lock him up/away（把他锁起来，把他锁住带走）， shut the mouth up（把嘴给闭上）， shut it down（把电脑/工厂/店铺等关闭）， turn it up/down（把音量等调高/调低）。6.take sth.for 与 take sb.adv 句型

take sth.for 句式表达的是“把某事当作，把某事视为”（类似的，还有mistake sb./sth.for 句式），take sb.adv 句式表达的是“把某人怎么样”，比如： take it for granted = take it for（it is）granted 表示“把某个行为或做法当成是理所当然的，拿走某物时想当然地认为它已经获得对方的批准或同意”，take him down表示“把某人摆平，把某人干掉，让某人倒下，杀掉某人”。

六、“搞”字句 1.译为动词或动词短语

“搞”最常见的意义是“做”、“干”、“弄”、“从事”、“进行”等，因此可用do, get, make, work, practise, engage in, go in for等来翻译。例1.搞字对字的翻译常常是行不通的。

译文：It is often unacceptable to do a word-to-word translation.例2.这事没啥搞头。

译文：There’s no point in doing that.例3.他俩合起来搞我。

译文：The two of them joined in making things difficult for me.例4.中国现在实行对外开放、对内搞活的政策。

译文：China is now implementing the policy of opening to the outside world and invigorating the domestic economy.例4.我们想搞水果蔬菜生意。

译文：We are thinking of starting up in the fruit and vegetable trade.例6.他一心要把对手搞臭。

译文：He is bent on discrediting his opponent.2.译为其他词类

例1.你们在搞什么名堂? 译文：What are you up to ? 例2.我们的国家大，人口众多，经济落后，农业要搞上去，最重要的还是要调动农民的积极性，自力更生，艰苦奋斗。

译文：Agricultural advance in so vast a country, with such a large population and backward economy as in China, requires above all else mobilizing the initiative of peasants to work hard and self-reliantly.3.省略“搞”字

例1.我们确定搞两个开放：一个是对内开放，一个是对外开放。

译文：We have decided on an open policy in two respects: namely, to open up both externally and internally.例2.但我的事现在搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。译文：But there had been too much publicity about my case.例3.我们必须一心一意搞建设。

译文：We must concentrate on economic development.例4.这工作不好搞。译文：This is a difficult job.4.译为被动句

例：能不能尽快把科技搞上去，这是一个关系到社会主义全局，关系到我们国家命运与前途的大问题。

5.高三英语复习教案 名词性从句 (2009-4-10) 篇五

(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词：when, where, why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用， 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)

The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语，可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where(指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语)，why(指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语)。

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句，意思就不完整)

2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译)

(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …;②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2)用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3)as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as;反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。

e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略;介词在句尾，关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who，且可省略。

e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.

3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

三、选择填空：

1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.

A. who B. which C. whom D. when

2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.

A. which B. that C. whom D. as

6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.

A. whom B. which C. who D. when

7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?

A. who B. / C. that D. when

9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.

A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who

10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.

A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which

11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.

A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking

C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking

12. The man ____ around our school is from America.

A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed

13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.

A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who

14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?

A. that B. whom C. when D. whose

16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. all

17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those

18. This is the very letter ____came last night.

A. who B. which C. that D. as

19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.

A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one

20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.

A. where B. / C. when D. what

21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.

A. where B. that C. which D. on which

22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.

A. which B. in which C. that D. /

23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.

A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which

24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?

A. that B. which C. its D. whose

25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.

A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom

26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. which C. that D. where

27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. where C. in which D. /

28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A. it B. which C. that D. he

30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.

A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were

31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.

A. which B. whose C. where D. in that

32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.

A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it

33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.

A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which

34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.

A. when B. that C. at which D. where

36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.

A. which B. as C. that D. it

38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.

A. What B. As C. That D. Which

39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.

A. whose B. that C. whom D. who

40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which

41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?

A. why B. which C. for that D. of which

42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.

A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed

44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.

A. It B. Which C. As D. That

45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what

46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

48. He is absent ____ is often the case.

A. what B. which C. who D. as

49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who

52. This is the only book ____ I can find.

A. that B. which C. it D. with which

53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.

A. something could do B. anything we could do

C. nothing we couldn’t do D. nothing we could do

参考答案

语法复习四：定语从句

一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.

二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which

三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB 21~25 ABBDC

26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB