同位语从句练习和答案

2024-10-05

同位语从句练习和答案（4篇）

1.同位语从句练习和答案篇一

定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别

一、定语从句

1.定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which；关系副词有：when, where, why。2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

（1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意

思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。例：This is the boy who broke the window.（2）非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。如果去掉，主

句的意思仍然清楚。书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。例：I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3.非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。

（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.（3）由“介词+关系代词”引导时，关系代词不能用as。（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。4.在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:（1）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。例：This is the best film that I have ever read.（2）先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。

例：He told me everything that he knows.（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

例：He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.（4）先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在定语从句中作表语时。例：The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时；或者句中已经有who或which，为了避免重复时。

例：Which are the books that you bought for me ? 5.其他注意事项

（1）当the way做先行词时，只用that, in which或不用关系词。例：What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.（2）在限制性定语从句中，名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as不能用which。例：Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.（3）在非限制性定语从句中，as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，像”的含义，可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。例：They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.6.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象

定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句。在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，阅读时要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。

（1）在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think,I suppose,I guess,I imagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。

例：He made another wonderful discovery,which I think isof importance to science.（2）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语。

例：There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.（3）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语。

例：Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? 你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？

（4）先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语

较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后。例：A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.7.几个特殊的定语从句句型

（1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先行词）He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）（2）Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday?（句中the one为先行词）Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?（句中 the place为先行词）（3）He stood at the window,from where he could see what was happening.（4）It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.8.定语从句的做题方法：（1）找出主句，确定先行词；

（2）找出从句，判断从句是否完整（是否符合简单句的基本构成）---否，用关系代词；是，用关系副词。

二、同位语从句

1.同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，而且不能省略。例：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.三、定语从句与同位语从句的区别

1.定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）；而同位语从句中的that 是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

2.定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述先行词的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。

例：The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分，用于说明news的内容。

【注意】当主句的谓语部分过短时而从句过长时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，避免头重脚轻。例：Word came that our team had won the game.四、定语从句与状语从句的区别

1.定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。

例：This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）Let’s go where we can find a better job.我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）

2.定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。

例：Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）

When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）3.When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。例：This is the factory in which(where)his father once worked.这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）

Put back the book where it was.把书放回原处。（状语从句）

4.定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。例：It is such an interesting book as we all like.as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句。It is such an interesting book that we all like it.that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句。

五、强调句

1.强调句型的基本结构：It is/was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状等）+ that/who +句子的其余部分。

例：It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.（强调时间状语）2.强调句中含有not until的句子

在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即 itis(was)+not until +从句或者短语 +that+其它..例：It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.六、定语从句与强调句的区别

1.定语从句中关系词作从句成分，关系词作宾语时可省略；强调句中that / who没有任何意义且不能省略。

2.强调句中的it无意义，that / who不是引导词。

3.强调句it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。

例：It is the museum that / which we visited last year.（定语从句）It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）

例题赏析：

1.There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever.A.that

B.which

C.of which

D.what 【解析】此题考查同位语从句that的用法。that引导同位语从句修饰a feeling，只是做补充成分而已。句意是我内心有种感觉我们永远不会知道UFO是什么—从来也不知道。故此题选A.2.His uncle works in a factorybicycles are made． A.that B.which

C.where

D.there 【解析】此题考查定语从句关系副词的用法。bicycles are made in the factory, 此处缺少介词in,故需用关系

副词来引导，where相当于in which，因此选择C.练习

1.Tom’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.A.what B.which

C.that

D.where 2.Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while

B.that

C.when

D.as 3.He wanted to know the time he needed to know.A.that B.when

C.where

D.what 4.Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where 5.He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school.A.which B.who

C.when

D.that 6.Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming.A.which B.that

C.when

D.where 7.There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities.A.that B.which

C.where

D.as

8.Do you know the man ? A.whom I spoke

C.I spoke to

B.to who I spoke D.that I spoke 9.It is not who is right but what is right is of importance.A.which B.it C.that

D.this 10.He’s got himself into a dangerous situationhe was likely to lose control over the plane.A.where

B.which

C.what

D.why 11.when was it you called me yesterday? A.until B.that C.then D.so

12.The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.A.with which B.with it

C.with that

D.which 13.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.A.who

B.whose

C.whom

D.which 14.It was he came back from Japan that year he met the girl he would like to marry.A.when;then

B.not;until

C.not until;that

D.only;when 15.It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which;that

参考答案：

1-5 BBACD

6-10 ADCCA

11-15 BABCD

2.定语从句单项练习题及答案篇二

1.Who is the man _______ was talking to our Englishteacher?---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.

A. he B. that C. whom D. which

2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.

A. who B. which C. they D. where

3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.

A. which B. when C. who D. whom

4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.

A. who B. whom C. he D. which

5. This is the place _____I have ever visited.

A. there B. when C. where D. which

6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.

A. that B. which C. why D. when

7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.

A. that B. which C. where D. why

8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

9. remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.

A. when B. where C. that D. on which

10.Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.

A. who B. that C. whose D. which

11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

12. This is the house _______ I want to buy.

A. In which B. that C. whose D. where

13. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

15. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railwaystation.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

16. I work in a business ________ almost everyone is waiting for a greatchance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

17. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _______, of course, made the others envy him.

A. who B. that C. what D. which

18. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ________ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom.

19. The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

A. until B. that C. when D. where

20. A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothingmore than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

A. when B. where C. what D. that________I played tennis with yesterday.

3.同位语从句的用法篇三

1. 由that引导

We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。

The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。

I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that. 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。

The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。

He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun. 他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。

【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：

They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他们面对废除这个税的要求。

They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。

The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried. 允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。

I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。

【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如：

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

2. 由whether引导

There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。

Answer my question whether you are coming. 你回答我的问题：你来不来。

The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 这个是对还是错要看结果。

We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。

【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。

3. 由连接代词引导

Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?

From 1985-90 I was an instructor at the regional party headquarters. After that I went back to work in a factory. Then I had no idea what a casino was. 从1985年到1990年我是地方党部的教员。随后我回到一家工厂工作。当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。

4. 由连接副词引导

I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。

It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做的问题。

He had no idea why she left. 他不知道她为什么离开。

4.英语语法同位语从句知识点篇四

1. The news that his heath is failing made us sad.

他健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。

2. I have no idea where they are spending their holidays.

我不知道他们在哪里度假。

3. The question who should do the work requires consideration.

谁该干这项工作的问题需要考虑。

4. There is no doubt that he will come here again.

他会再来这里，这是毫无疑问的。

5. He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents.

他被是否接受他们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。

二、掌握同位语从句的用法要注意以下两个问题：

1. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，以使得整个句子的结构显得平衡。例如：

He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 他从玛丽那里获知了运动会被推迟的消息。// Word came that Hussein had been captured. 侯赛因已被捕的消息传来。

2. 同位语从句和定语从句结构相似，但是，同位语从句相当于名词的作用，而定于从句相当于形容词的作用，同位语从句对名词性成分加以补充说明，是该名词性成分具体内容的体现。定语从句对先行词加以限制或修饰、说明先行词的性质或特征。定语从句的引导词均在该定语从句中充当特定的句子成分(that在其引导的限定性定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语，充当定语从句中宾语的that经常可被省略)。例如：

1) We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.

我们解决不了如何才能超过光的速度这个问题。

(how引导的从句表示其前面的名词the problem的具体内容，属于同位语从句)

2)I can’t remember the problem that they have.

我记不得他们的问题了。(引导词that就是that引导的从句中have的宾语， the problem的具体内容也没有得到说明，故本句中that引导的从句是修饰problem的定语从句)

3)I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother.

我不愿相信他对母亲撒谎的事实。(that引导同位语从句对fact的具体内容进行说明， that在其中不充当具体的句子成分)

4)I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me.

我不愿相信他告诉我的事实。(that引导定语从句对fact进行限定， that在该从句中充当宾语)

5) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.

他告诉我的消息是汤姆来年将出国。(句中的第一个that引导定语从句限定先行词news，第二个that引导表语从句)

6)We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。