八年级政治练习试题

2024-11-28

八年级政治练习试题（精选7篇）

1.八年级政治练习试题篇一

1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D

11.(1)锦州会战。(2)关门打狗。达到了将东北国民党军队消灭到关外的战略目标，使人民解放军不但在质量上占有优势，而且第一次在数量上也取得优势，改变了长期以来敌强我弱的基本格局。

12.(1)中原野战军和华东野战军;粟裕、邓小平、刘伯承、陈毅、谭震林;俆州;围点打援。(2)淮海战役的胜利，使长江中游以北的华东中原地区获得解放，使国民党统治的中心地区南京、上海直接暴露在解放军的铁拳之下。

13.(1)完成对北平、天津、张家口之敌的战略包围和战役分割，截断了国民党军队经塘沽从海上南撤和向绥远西逃的退路;先攻克西线的新保安、张家口，东线解放了天津，后和平解放中线的北平。(2)使历史文化名城北平免遭战火。(3)平津战役的胜利，使华北东北两大解放区完全连成一片。

2.八年级政治练习试题篇二

2. 卷I答在自行准备的答题卡上;答卷Ⅱ时, 将答案直接写在试卷上。

卷I (选择题, 共70分)

听力部分 (1×20分)

Ⅰ.听句子, 选出句子中所包含的信息。

1. A. pull B. push C. watch

2. A. 8654905 B. 8654095 C. 6854905

3. A. sit down B. look down C. come down

4. A. I was better. B. I was sick. C. I was full.

5. A. The teacher needs help

B. The teacher is in the office.

C. Someone is taking the books to the office.

Ⅱ.听句子, 选出该句的最佳答语。

6. A. All right. B. Me, too. `C. You’re welcome.

7. A. A little, please! B. Tea, please. C. Yes, please.

8. A. That’s true. B. Let’s go. C. Oh, have fun!

9. A. It’s interesting. B. It’s delicious. C. It’s boring.

10. A. It’s sunny. B. I’ll take it. C. I hope so.

Ⅲ .听对话及问题, 选择正确答案。

11. A. A red skirt. B. A white shirt. C. A white skirt.

12. A. To a zoo. B. To a lake. C. To a mountain.

13. A. It’s summer. B. It’s autumn. C. It’s winter.

Ⅳ. 听短文、对话和问题, 选择正确答案。

16. What is Mrs. Li doing when it begins to rain?

A. Talking with others. B. Working in the fi elds. C. Shopping with her friends.

17. How do people feel when they see Mrs. Li?

A. Happy. B. Surprised. C. Nervous.

18. How do animals and men get their food?

A. By drinking water. B. By enjoying air and sunlight. C. By eating plants and other animals.

19. What do the fl owering plants have?

A. Roots, stems, leaves and fruits.

B. Roots, stems, leaves and fl owers.

C. Roots, stems, leaves, fl owers and fruits.

20. How many non-fl owering plants can you see around us?

A. Few. B. No one. C. A lot.

笔试部分 (50分)

V.单项选择 (1×20分)

21. Would you like _________ water?

A. a B. an C. any D. some

22. Mary, keep away from the fi re, _________ you will get burnt.

A. or B. so C. but D. and

23. There are _________ apples in the basket.

A. little B. a little C. much D. a few

24. Can you see the boy _________ on the grass?

A. lied B. lies C. lying D. to lie

25. How does this weather make him _________?

A. feels B. feel C. feeling D. to feel

26. _________ is diffi cult to climb the tall tree.

A. It B. This C. That D. One

27.–My daughter ate a lot of ice cream.

–Yes, _________.

A. so did she B. so she did C. so she was D. so was she

28. Thank you for _________ the show.

A. join B. joins C. to join D. joining

29. Neither he nor I _________ wrong.

A. be B. is C. am D. are

30. Sometimes Kate _________ skating in winter.

A. go B. goes C. going D. gone

31. He has been in China _________ two years.

A. since B. for C. at D. to

32. _________ sleep too late. It’s bad for your health.

A. Do B. Don’t C. Not D. Please not

33. _________ people visited China for the 2008 Olympic Games.

A. Million B. Millions C. Millions of D. Million of

34. It is not a good place for an animal _________.

A. lives in B. live in C. to live D. to live in

35. When somebody is in _________, you should help him.

A. danger B. dangerous C. safe D. safety

36. –_________ did you stay there?

–We stayed there for about fi ve years.

A. How much B. How often C. How long D. How far

37. The sun _________ when we got to the top of the mountain.

A. rise B. rose C. was rising D. is rising

38. –_________ we meet at the park at 7 o’clock?

–OK! See you later!

A. Can B. Shall C. Must D. Do

39. The children _________ the farm tomorrow, aren’t they?

A. visited B. will visit C. would visit D. are going to visit

40. If you __________, you’ll improve yourself soon.

A. study hard B. will study hard C. don’t study hard D. won’t study hard

Ⅵ.完形填空 (1×10分)

41. A. worse B. worst C. better D. best

42. A. on B. at C. in D. from

43. A. a little of B. a few of C. many D. much

44. A. make B. made C. makes D. making

45. A. slow B. slowly C. quick D. quickly

46. A. move B. moves C. moved D. moving

47. A. faster B. higher C. fast D. high

48. A. call B. called C. calling D. calls

49. A. in the front of B. in the middle of C. at the back of D. on the top of

50. A. Another `B. Other C. The others D. The other

Ⅶ.阅读理解 (2×10分)

The sun is always shinning. But it can only shine on one side of the earth at a time. When the sun is shinning on one side of the earth, it is night on the other side.

At night, you can see the stars. The stars are in the sky all day. But the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them in daytime. When nights come, there is no light, and the stars are bright enough to see. The stars look very small. But some of them are even bigger than the sun. They look small because they are so far away from you. Big things look much smaller when they are far away. The sun is closer to the earth than other stars, so it looks bigger.

51. When it is night, the sun ____________.

A. doesn’t shine B. shines for a short time

C. disappears ( 消失 ) D. shines on the other side of the earth

52. We can’t see the stars in the sky in daytime because ___________.

A. there are no stars there

B. the stars are much smaller than the sun

C. the bright light from the sun makes them not seen

D. the stars come out only at night

53. The stars look small because they ____________.

A. are far away B. are small C. have no light D. are in the sky

54. Small things may look ____________ when they are closer.

A. bigger B. small C. near D. far away

55. The sun looks bigger than other stars because ____________.

A. it’s bigger B. it’s far away in the sky

C. it gives much bright light D. it’s closer to the earth than other stars

People’s likes and dislikes are different, so they have different ambitions. Now let’s look at the following characters’ likes, dislikes and ambitions.

56. What does Jim want to be?

A. A worker or a teacher. B. A model or an accountant.

C. A salesman or a detective. D. A doctor or a social worker.

57. Who doesn’t enjoy working in the same place?

A. Larry. B. Anita. C. Jill. D. Maria.

58. Who wants to be a teacher or a nurse?

A. Anita. B. Jill. C. Maria. D. Jim.

59. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Jim likes working nights and weekends. B. Jill doesn’t like being in noisy places.

C. Maria enjoys wearing different clothes everyday. D. Anita really likes doing things with her parents.

60. What does the underlined word“stand”mean in the passage?

A. 忍受B. 站立C. 理解D. 想象

八年级第二学期期中考试

八年级英语听力部分

考生注意:该试卷听力部分共有四道大题。请你听完录音后将所选答案的对应标号填入答题纸上相应的位置。 (停顿5秒……)

现在是听力试音时间。 (停顿5秒……)

W: How do you do?

M: How do you do?

W: What’s your name?

M: My name is Tom.

W: How old are you?

M: I’m 13 years old.

试音到此结束。 (停顿2秒……) 听力测试现在正式开始。

第一题 : 听句子 , 选出句子中所包含的信息 . 下面你将听到五个句子 , 每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后, 从各小题所给出的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出包含所听信息的选项。 (每句重复间隔2秒, 每题间隔6秒)

No.1. Let’s push the chair under the desk.

No.2.We can meet on the Internet. My QQ number is 8654905.

No.3. It’s dangerous in the tree. Please come down.

No.4. I went to the doctor and he gave me some medicine.

No.5. Well, I really need someone to take these books to my offi ce.

第二题:听句子, 选出该句的最佳答语。下面你将听到五个句子 , 每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后, 从各小题所给出的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出该句的最佳答语。 (每句重复间隔2秒, 每题间隔6秒)

No.6. Thanks for helping me.

No.7. Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?

No.8. It’s a nice day. I’m going out with Allen this afternoon.

No.9. Why do you like science?

No.10. What’s the weather like today?

第三题:听对话及问题, 选择正确答案。下面你将听到五组对话和问题 , 每组对话和问题读两遍。请你听完对话和问题的第二遍朗读后, 从各小题所给出的A、B、C三个选项中找出正确答案。 (每组重复间隔2秒, 每题间隔10秒)

No.11. M: What should I get my sister for her birthday?

W: You can get her a skirt.

M: What a good idea! I could give her a white one.

Q: What will the man give his sister for her birthday?

No.12. M: What fi ne weather! Let’s go somewhere today!

W: Good idea. But where shall we go? The zoo?

M: No. I don’t want to go there. How about boating on the lake?

W: OK. Don’t forget to take your cap and sunglasses.

Q: Where will they go?

No.13. M: What about going out and making a snowman with me, Jenny?

W: Why not? I’d love to. When? Right now? I can’t wait.

Q: What season do you think it is now?

No.14. W: Bill, look at that cup with three legs. It’s strange.

M: Yes, it’s very beautiful. Let me take a picture of it.

W: No. Look at that sign. I don’t think it is allowed here.

M: OK, I won’t.

Q: Which sign did they see?

No.15. M: Would you like something to eat?

W: Yes, please.

M: What would you like, bread or hamburgers?

W: Neither. I only want sandwiches.

Q: What does the woman want to eat?

第四题:听短文, 选择正确答案。下面你将听到两篇短文和五个问题, 短文和问题读两遍。请你听完短文和问题的第二遍朗读后, 根据其意思, 从各小题所给出的A、B、C三个选项中, 找出正确答案。 (每组重复间隔2秒, 每题间隔12秒)

下面请听第一篇短文并回答第16—17题。

Mrs. Li is growing vegetables in the fi elds. Soon it begins to rain. Mrs. Li stops working and wants to go back home. Just then she sees her son Xiaohan running to her with something. It is her raincoat! But Xiaohan forgot to bring his own raincoat. They have to go home in one raincoat. Some people are surprised when they see Mrs. Li and four feet. When Xiaohan comes out of the raincoat and says “hello”, they all laugh.

Question No.16. What is Mrs. Li doing when it begins to rain?

Question No.17. How do people feel when they see Mrs. Li?

下面请听第二篇短文并回答第18—20题。

Animals and men get their food by eating plants and other animals. Plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. There are two main kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants have roots, stems, leaves, fl owers and fruits. Almost all the trees around us are fl owering plants. So we can see few non-fl owering plants around us.

Question No. 18. How do animals and men get their food?

Question No. 19. What do the fl owering plants have?

Question No. 20. How many non-fl owering plants can you see around us?

3.八年级(下) Unit 3练习篇三

Ⅰ.词汇。(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

A) 根据句意和首字母提示完成句子中的单词。

1. A good child shouldn’t k____ anyone.

2. When Ted got home, his mother was busy cooking in the k____.

3. If you want to see the strange animal, f____ me, please.

4. Martin often plays basketball with his friends on the p____.

5. The store c____ at seven in the evening.

B) 用所给单词的适当形式填空。

6. While Maria was calling the police, the bad man ____ (run) away.

7. When Julia ____ (get) out of the store, she couldn’t find her car.

8. The flight didn’t ____ (take) off because of rain.

9. The accident ____ (take) place five weeks ago.

10. It isn’t a good custom ____ (kill) animals for meals.

Ⅱ.单项选择。(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

1. What ____ your brother ____ when the alien came in?

A. is; doingB. does; doC. was; doingD. has; done

2. The plane had to ____ on the expressway.

A. landingB. landC. landedD. lands

3. Hurry up!Your flight will ____ in five minutes.

A. take placeB. take awayC. take downD. take off

4. ____ I was getting out of the shower, the strange man came into my bedroom.

A. WhileB. BeforeC. AfterD. As soon as

5. What ____ to you, Robert?

A. happenB. happenedC. happeningD. to happen

6. We ____ the hills at this time yesterday.

A. climbB. climbedC. were climbingD. are climbing

7. I like the light of the sun because it is ____ and warm.

A. recentB. scaredC. organizedD. bright

8. Please don’t ____ at anyone in the library.

A. shoutB. shoutingC. to shoutD. shouted

9. Davy ____ to his feet and ran out of the room while the earthquake was happening.

A. jumpsB. jumpedC. was jumpingD. jump

10. The lovely kid ____ in a traffic accident.

A. killB. killedC. was killedD. is killed

11. There will be a lecture in an hour. The meeting room ____ with people.

A. is full B. is crowded C. crowded D. full

12. The doctor ____ a ____ boy yesterday.

A. had saved; dying B. saved; dead

C. has saved; dead D. saved; dying

13.——It is ____ experience to see the UFO with your own eyes.

——I think so.

A. an usual B. an unusual C. a unusual D. unusual

14. I saw a cat ____ the tree when I was walking in the street.

A. in B. on C. up D. at

15. The World Trade Center ____ in New York in 2001.

A. destroy B. destroyed C. was destroyed D. was built

Ⅲ.句型转换。(共10空，每空1分，共10分)

1. Dr. Martin Luther King was murdered on April 4, 1968. (对划线部分提问)

____ was Dr. Martin Luther King ____?

2. Nicole is as old as Alice. (改为同义句)

Nicole and Alice are at the ____ ____.

3. There are two bathrooms in each apartment. (对划线部分提问)

____ ____ bathrooms are there in each apartment?

4. Cathy was reading a book when the UFO landed on Center Street. (对划线部分提问)

4.八年级政治练习试题篇四

小王说：“我们可以号召同学们罢课，以引起上级有关部门的关注，事情就可以解决。”小明说：“这是有关部门的事，我们学生不要多管闲事。”小凡说：“我们可以打市长热线向市长反映情况。”（1）请你对上述同学的观点进行简要的评析。

答：小王的观点错误。每个公民都应采取正确的方法和途径行使监督权，罢课这种非法方式超出了宪法和法律允许的范围。

小明的观点错误。同违法犯罪行为做斗争，是每个公民应尽的义务。青少年学生应该依法行使监督权，对这一违法行为提出批评和建议。

小凡的观点正确。正确行使了监督权。（2）如果你是该校的学生，你还可以通过哪些方式或途径向有关部门反映问题？

写信、发电子邮件、向人大代表反映、向新闻报刊反映等。

2、浙江奉化市12位农民认为省政府违规批准一项土地项目，他们将省政府告上法庭。最终，省政府宣布原行为不符合《国家土地管理法》，予以撤消，涉及1000多户村民的撤村建居工程被省政府叫停了。上诉省政府的12位农民胜诉。

（1）材料反映了我国实行什么样的治国方略？

（2）为什么要实施这一治国方略？

（3）你从上述材料中得到什么启示？

3、2006年12月4日是“五五”普法规划实施后的第一个全国法制宣传日即（全国第六个法制宣传日），主题是“落实„五五‟普法规划，促进和谐社会建设”。全国人大常委会副委员长顾秀莲在2006年12月4日召开的全国法制宣传日座谈会上指出：必须大力提高全社会的宪法意识和法治观念，把学习宣传宪法作为首要任务。

为什么要将“学习宣传宪法”作为2006年全国法制宣传日的首要任务？

4、某校八（5）班最近班纪、班风很差，上课有人讲笑话、吃零食、递纸条；教室里脏乱不堪，卫生无人打扫；同学之间经常为一点小事而大打出手；各种文体活动，报名者甚少；学生成绩也急剧下降……

（1）如果你是该班的一员，你打算怎样关爱这个集体？

主动关心班级发生的一切事情，积极配合老师的整顿和治理班纪、班风，为集体的发展做出自己的贡献；带头遵守班纪、班规，发扬班级的好作风，解决集体遇到的困难；在班集体中用自己的宽容、大度的品格影响同学。

（2）你这样做的理论依据是什么？

集体利益和个人利益在根本上一致的；

以集体利益为重，并不排斥个人的正当利益；

集体利益是个人利益的基础和保障，集体利益高于个人利益。

5、某市组织全市中学开展了保护生态环境的“5R”行动，即节约资源，减少污染；绿色消费，环保选购；重复使用，多次利用；分类回收，循环再生；保护自然，万物共存。

答；（1）某市开展的“5R”行动，是保护生态环境的一次非常有意义的活动，可以提高市民的环保意识；（是什么）

（2）我国面临严峻的资源、环境形势，必须坚持保护环境的基本国策。（为什么）

（3）作为中学生，应从现在做起，从身边小事做起，保护环境，守护好我们的家园。（怎样做）

6、目前，新一轮科技革命正在全球蓬勃发展，而科技创新的关键在人才，为此，胡锦涛同志特别强调，必须把培养造就创新型科技人才作为建设创新型国家的战略举措，加紧建设一支宏大的创新科技人才队伍。

某班在收看胡锦涛的讲话之后，反映热烈，于是，政治课代表决定组织同学们召开一次主题班会。请完成下列任务。（1）为班会拟定一个主题科技创新，人才强国；

培养创新型人才，建设创新型国家（2）你怎样设计这次主题班会的程序？会前准备；

主持人宣布主题班会开始；

观看主题片；

5.八年级政治下册第一单元练习题篇五

班级姓名得分

一、单项选择题

1.在我国，国家的主人包括

①工人、农民、知识分子 ②其他社会主义劳动者 ③其他社会主义事业的建设者 ④其他拥护社会主义的爱国者 ⑤其他拥护祖国统一的爱国者

A、①③④⑤B、①②③⑤C、②③④⑤D、①②③④⑤

2.我国公民基本权利的确认书和保证书是

A、中华人民共和国宪法B、中华人民共和国刑法

C、中华人民共和国民法通则D、中华人民共和国合同法

3.我们享有的权利，需要来自各方面的保障才能充分实现，其中最重要、最有效的保障是

A、立法保障B、司法保障 C、法律保障 D、家庭、学校、社会保障

4.王亮参军前是个勤奋学习的学生，复员后到电厂工作，由于工作努力，又被评为劳动模范。他每月寄100元钱给乡下年迈的父母，并自觉交纳个人收入调节税。请根据所学知识，指出王亮履行了哪些义务

①受教育②劳动③依法服兵役④依法纳税⑤赡养扶助父母⑥教育未成年子女

Ａ．①②③④⑤ Ｂ．②③④⑤⑥Ｃ．①③④⑤⑥Ｄ．①②④

5.我国公民权利和义务的一致性，决定每个公民应该

A、只享受权利，不履行义务B、只履行义务，不享受权利

C、正确行使权利，忠实履行义务D、依法维权

6.下列行为符合我国法律关于正确行使公民权利，自觉履行公民义务规定的有

① 小刘未经同意就拿走小周的运动服② 小亮把小刚的笔赠送给生活贫困的小余③红卫小区的居民将抓住的窃贼痛打一顿④ 小敏发现有人正在偷盗施工现场的水泥，便立刻打“110” Ａ．①②Ｂ．③④Ｃ．②③④Ｄ．②④

7.国籍是每个公民的一种身份，一个人取得了某个国家的国籍，就取得了这个国家的公民资格，因

此，国籍是指一个公民（）

A、道德上的身份B、政治上的身份

C、法律上的身份D、可有可无的身份

8.下列不属于中国公民的有（）

A、取得美国国籍的扬州人B、港澳台同胞

C、居住在海外的中国人D、受到法律制裁的中国人

9.当公民的合法权益受到不法侵害时，唯一正确的处理方法是（）

A、逆来顺受B、运用法律武器加以维护

C、以牙还牙D、忍气吞声

10.下列选项中，既是我国公民的基本权利，又是我国公民的基本义务的是（）

A、选举权和被选举权B、依法服兵役和参加民兵组织

C、劳动和受教育D、监督权和休息权

11.下列选项中不属于我国公民享有的政治权利和自由的有（）

A．游行示威的权利B．人格尊严不受侵犯的权利

C．选举权和被选举权D．言论出版的自由权利

12.在人们广泛享用计算机网络的同时，我国政府又对网络的合理使用制定了相应的规定，并要求公民

遵守这些规定。这主要表明（）

A．权利是技术进步带来的，义务是国家规定的 B．公民先享有权利，然后才承担义务

C．公民的权利和义务是一致的D．公民的权利和义务都是政府规定的13.在现实生活中，公民的合法权益受到侵害时,通过向人民法院诉讼来维护自己的合法权益。这说明

维护公民权利的法律保障是（）

A、立法保障B、司法保障C、法律监督D、行政保障

14.午休时间，同宿舍的同学休息了，小陈同学还在大声朗读英语。舍友多次提醒，他却说：“学习是

我的自由和权利，任何人不得干涉。”小陈同学的观点是（）

A．错误的，因为每个公民在行使自己和维护自己权利的同时，也要尊重和维护他人的权利

B．错误的，因为公民的权利和义务是统一的C．正确的，因为我国公民的权利受法律保护

D．正确的，因为法律保护公民的权利，使其权利不受到侵害

15.我国公民有游行示威的自由，但游行示威必须经专门的机关批准。这表明（）

A．我国的社会主义民主还有待完善B．我国公民权利具有平等的特点

C．公民必须在法律规定的范围内行使自由权利D．我国公民的权利和义务具有一致性

16.我国宪法规定的公民基本权利涉及政治、经济、文化等各个领域，涵盖家庭生活、学校生活、社会

生活等诸多方面，这表明我国公民权利的（）

A、广泛性 B、平等性 C、对等性 D、特殊性

17.在我国，一切权利属于（）

A、公民 B、人民 C、人民政府 D、中国共产党

18.2003年5月20日，西安市某中学初二（4）班的48名学生联合给西安市市长写了一封热情洋溢的信，就培养公共卫生和环抱意识，抗击非典提出“7条建议”。这48名学生

A．站在了抗击非典的第一线B．通过合法方式行使了公民的建议权

C．以实际行动坚持了保护环境的基本国策 D．以实际行动履行了维护国家荣誉的义务

19.社会主义基本道德规范的主要内容包括

①爱国守法 ② 明理诚信 ③ 明礼诚信 ④ 团结友善 ⑤ 勤俭自强 ⑥ 依法纳税 ⑦ 敬业奉献

A、①②④⑥B、①③④⑤⑥⑦C、①②⑥⑦D、①③④⑤⑦

20.一般说来，凡是我国法律所禁止的行为，都是社会主义道德所谴责的行为；凡是我国法律所鼓励的行为，都是社会主义道德所推崇和赞扬的行为；有许多法律上的义务，同时就是社会主义道德的要求。这说明法律和道德()

A．是相辅相成、密不可分的B．是互相维护、可以互相代替的C．是既相互制约又相互补充的D．是互相配合、互相促进、互相补充的21.我国宪法第三十三条规定，任何公民享有宪法和法律规定的权利，同时必须履行宪法和法律规定的义务。关于权利和义务，下列说法正确的是()

①我们每个人既是享受权利的主体，又是履行义务的主体②公民所尽义务越多，享有的权利就越充分③公民的权利和义务具有一致性④没有无权利的义务，也没有无义务的权利

A．①②③④B．①③④C．②③④D．①②④

22.河北省某乡，一位姓胡的已婚妇女，因不满丈夫赌博而多次在村头贴大字报，辱骂丈夫李某，在全

村造成了很坏的影响。对此，你的看法是()

A．胡某的行为是正确的，因为她丈夫违法在前

B．胡某正确行使言论自由权利，因为她辱骂的对象是自己的丈夫

C．胡某没有正确行使言论自由权利，因为我国法律规定公民不得利用言论自由来侮辱他人

D．胡某没有正确行使言论自由权利，因为胡某在行使权利时应该尊重李某赌博的权利

23.下列说法正确的是()

A．法定义务是宪法和法律规定公民必须履行的B．公民所履行的义务都是宪法和法律规定的C．对于宪法和法律没有规定的义务，公民也一定要履行

D．只要是义务，无论多大年龄的公民都必须履行

24.军军今年八年级了，是一位成绩优秀、热爱集体、遵纪守法的好学生。他每天都骑车上学，一天，因起床迟了，急匆匆上学，路上遇到了红灯，这时他该()

A．闯过去，不能违反学校的纪律

B．看看有没有同学，假如没有同学看到就闯过去

C．看看路上车多不多，生命第一，不多就过去

D．等绿灯亮了再过去，因为我们每个人都有遵守交通秩序的义务

25.青少年要依法自律。对此，下列说法正确的是()

A．法律提倡做的事情尝试着去做，法律不允许做的事情坚决不做

B．法律提倡做的事情尝试着去做，法律不允许做的事情一般不要去做

C．法律提倡做的事情可做可不做，法律不允许做的事情坚决不做

D．法律提倡做的事情积极去做，法律不允许做的事情坚决不做

26.下列行为不属于正确行使公民权利的有()

A．小东拒绝父亲让他辍学卖菜的要求，坚持回校学习

B．小明打电话向有关部门举报学校附近有一个黑网吧

C．小文找哥哥教训曾经欺负自己的同学

D．小军督促做生意的爸爸及时交足税款

27.在我国，一个人从出生到死亡，权利伴随其一生；在我国社会生活的各个领域，公民都享有权利和

自由。这表明，我国公民享有的权利具有()

A．广泛性B．平等性c．全民性D．群众性

28.按照我国法律规定，初中生有就近入学、接受规定年限教育等权利，同时也有遵守学校纪律、维护

学校利益等义务。这表明()

A．任何公民在享有权利的同时，必须履行义务B．公民获得权利后才履行义务

C．公民履行了义务后才可享受权利D．公民的权利和义务是对立的29.下列说法不正确的是()

A．宪法和法律所确认的权利，是公民的合法权利B．在社会生活中，公民只应享有合法权利

C．公民享有的权利是广泛的，无条件的D．不能在合法权利之外谋求非法利益

30.我国公民行使权利和自由时应当遵循的一条总原则是()

A．公民在法律面前一律平等

B．有法可依、有法必依、执法必严、违法必究

C．我国公民享有的自由和权利是平等的、广泛的和真实的D．公民在行使自由和权利时不得损害国家的、社会的、集体的利益和其他公民合法的自由和权利

二、简答题（30分）

31.列举两项公民的法定义务，并说明公民怎样自觉履行义务？（7分）

32.分析说明题

材料一：我国宪法不仅明确规定了公民享有的基本权利，而且明确规定了公民必须履行的基本义务。公民在充分享有权利的同时，必须自觉履行义务。

材料二：一中学生张某受到李某的非法侵害，本应协助有关部门依法处理此事，但他却纠集了几个人，将李某打成重伤，结果张某因“伤害罪”受到了法律的制裁。

材料三：一受聘于某外国商社的高级工程师，在外商提出为其子担保出国留学的诱惑下，主动为外商提供我国的机密信息资料，最终受到了法律的惩处。

（1）材料一说明了什么道理？（3分）

（2）结合材料二、三说明做一个好公民应如何行使权利和履行义务（7分）

33.小勇的一天：早晨，八年级学生小勇背起书包上学，到了学校，小勇把吃剩了的早餐随手往教学楼的楼梯边一扔，走进了教室。午饭后，小勇到邮局寄信，回校的路上，看到有两名社会青年在持刀勒索一名低年级的同学，小勇急忙到附近的公用电话亭打“110”报警。放学后，小勇用自己的零花钱给生病的妈妈买了她喜欢吃的蛋糕和水果。晚上，他就前两天社会调查中了解到的“六合彩”赌博泛滥的现象，向有关部门提出了综合治理的书面建议。

根据材料，结合所学知识回答下列问题：

(1)小勇享受了哪些权利？履行了哪些义务？（6分）

(2)请你指出小勇的哪些行为不正确？为什么？（5分）

（3）请你就小勇的错误行为，给他说几句话（4分）。

34.材料一：马克思说：“没有无义务的权利，也没有无权利的义务。”

材料二：初中生小郑认为自己还小，还没有到尽义务的时间，因此要等到18周岁后再去履行义务。材料三：初中生小王认为作为中学生只要学习好就可以了，其他的一概不管。

材料四：初中生小路认为我们只要尽法律规定的义务就可以了，而没有必要尽所谓的道德义务。请回答：

(1)请简要分析马克思的名言。（3分）

(2)你认为小郑和小王的话对吗?为什么?（3分）

6.八年级政治试题2018上学期篇六

八年道德与法治试卷

一、单项选择题(每题2分，共32分)

1.“一个人像一块砖砌在大礼堂的墙里，是谁也动不得的，但是丢在路上，挡人走路是要被人一脚踢开的。”哲学家艾思奇的这句话说明（）A.个人离不开社会，每个人都从社会中获得物质支持和精神滋养 B.社会的全面进步与每个人的全面发展密不可分 C.任何社会的存在和发展都是人们共同努力的结果 D.社会离不开个人，因为社会是由个人组成的 2.1920年10月，印度传教士辛格(Singh,J.A.L.)在印度加尔各答的丛林中发现两个狼哺育的女孩。当她们被领进孤儿院时，一切生活习惯都同野兽一样，不会用双脚站立，只能用四肢走路。狼孩的例子说明了（）

①人的成长是不断社会化的过程

②人的身份是在社会关系中确定的 ③人脱离了社会就不能成长发展

④狼孩和人一样也是合格的社会成员 A.①③④

B.①②④

C.②③④

D.①②③④

3.“秀才不出门，便知天下事”，随着社会的发展，我们居住的星球成了名副其实的地球村。你认为成为地球村的最主要原因是（）A.网络的全面运用

B.通信技术的更新换代 C.霸权主义和强权政治的推行

D.交通工具的飞速发展

4.“这是您孩子的成绩单”“您的银行密码出现异常，请尽快修改密码”……这些看起来仿佛是老师、银行客服发来的短信，背后隐藏的其实是一个个手机病毒。一旦手机用户点击了短信，就会造成手机中毒，账户失窃。这警示我们（）A．手机诈骗十分隐蔽，普通用户无法防范 B．网络交往对象是虚拟的，完全不可相信

C．个人隐私容易被侵犯，要提高网络交往警惕性，注意自我保护 D．要做到信息节食，不能利用手机上网

5.“望群内群外，人人兴奋，两眼放光，魂牵梦绕?”“世界上最遥远的距离奠过于我们坐在一起，你却在抢红包。”对此，下列评论正确的是（）

A.阖家团圆笑开颜，微信红包更重要

B.回归理性抢红包，家人团聚叙亲情 C.对面交流增感情，拒绝红包莫沉醉

D.虚拟红包别当真，远离手机拒依赖 6.新修订的《中小学生守则》增加了文明绿色上网等新时期学生成长发展中学校、社会和家庭高度关注的内容。对这一修订认识不正确的是（）

A.有利于引导学生认识网络的利与弊 B.有利于增强青少年的自我保护意识和能力

C.因为网络全部充斥着不良信息

D.有利于引导青少年自觉抵制不良诱惑 7．生活中我们时常发现：当十字路口红灯亮时，有的家长骑着电动车载着孩子飞速过马路，对此现象认识正确的是（）①心存侥幸，一失万无②遵守交规，人人有责③监护不力，行为失职④积极进取，争分夺秒

A． ①②③ B． ①③④ C． ①②④ D． ②③④

8．“读者数字校园图书馆”依托读者云图书馆,在线书籍达数万册,涵盖小学、初中、高中各阶段不同学习能力群体所需的中外经典著作、历史文学等图书,专门为学生“量身定制”适合青少年阅读的电子书。这说明（）

A．网络使信息传递更加快捷 B．网络促进了人与人的交往 C．网络让生活更加丰富多彩 D．网络的应用是一把双刃剑

9．人的身份是在社会关系中确定的。在不同的社会关系中,我们具有不同的身份。在学校,我与小红是同桌。我与小红的关系属于（）

A．血缘关系 B．业缘关系 C．地缘关系 D．法律关系

10.人们遵守规则，生活才会有秩序，否则就会乱成一锅粥。规则是为了保证我们在良好的环境中快乐地学习、健康地成长。遵守规则需要()①他律和自律 ②发自内心地敬畏规则 ③他人监督,无需自律 ④将规则内化于心、外化于形

A.①③④ B.①②④ C.①②③ D.②③④

11.文明礼貌是处理人与人之间关系、维系社会正常生活的一种道德行为规范，是沟通人与人之间情感的桥梁。下列语句符合这一观点的有()①“凡人之所以贵于禽兽者，以有礼也” ②“良言一句三冬暖，恶语伤人六月寒” ③“俭，德之共也;侈,恶之大也” ④“不学礼，无以立” A.①③④ B.①②④ C.①②③ D.②③④

12．某市正在举办创建全国文明城市的活动，为了积极配合本次活动，某校开展了“全民创城，争当文明有礼小市民”活动。以下同学的做法属于积极响应学校号召的是（）

①学习礼貌用语 ②不盛气凌人，不歧视外地人

③举止端庄，彬彬有礼 ④遇事讲原则，与人斤斤计较 A． ①②③ B． ①③④ C． ①②④ D． ②③④

13．一名失去双手的顾客前往餐厅就餐，他请求餐厅服务生给予帮助，一名年轻男服务生立即坐到他的对面，面带微笑的细心喂食，全程逾半小时。这一善举被一名顾客用手机拍摄下来，并上传至网络，获得众多网友的赞赏，网友的赞赏告诉我们（）

①要学会积极关注、重视他人 ②要平等待人，不歧视他人③尊重他人，能赢得他人的尊重和赞美 ④每个人在人格和法律地位上都是平等的 A． ①②③④ B． ①②④ C． ①②③ D． ①③④

14．2018年2月10日，在大连北站售票厅改签窗口，旅客们都自觉排队等候，不排队的张某直接来到该窗口改签车票，售票员拒绝为其办理业务。对此，下列看法正确的是()A．售票员的做法是对旅客不友好的表现 B．张某应该向车站投诉售票员 C．张某的行为不利于形成良好的秩序 D．张某缺乏自律，但不违背规则 15.一位妈妈当着环卫工人的面对儿子说“不念书之配扫大街”。这位妈妈（）①不懂得尊重他人②不懂得平等待人 ③懂得教育孩子④得不到他人的尊重 A.①③④ B.①②④C.①②③ D.②③④

16．2018年1月8日新京报的一则新闻，让吃货尤其是北方的吃货们很郁闷。在河北著名的驴肉产地河间，小作坊甚至有些正规企业使用马肉、猪肉冒充驴肉，然后销往全国。这件事给我们的启示是（）

①要大力弘扬诚信文化，提高全社会的信用水平，营造社会诚信环境 ②诚实意味着说出全部的真话，公布自己的全部秘密 ③诚信是一个人安身立命之本、企业长盛不衰的保证 ④这些小作坊及企业的做法是违法行为，会受到法律处罚 A． ①②③④ B． ②③④ C． ①③④ D． ①②③

二、情景分析（每小题14分，共28分）17、2018年2月1日,春运大幕正式拉开,合肥市青年志愿者服务春运“暖冬行动”启动仪式暨志愿者培训在合肥市政务中心举行。280名志愿者上岗服务春运,主要分布在合肥火车站、合肥南站、地铁站以及各客运汽车站。

（1）开展志愿服务活动属于什么行为?（1分）中学生养成这种行为有什么意义?（3分）

（2）联系你参与的社会活动,谈谈青少年如何养成这种行为。（10分）

18、中国互联网络信息中心2018年1月31日发布的第41次《中国互联网络发展统计报告》显示，截至2017年12月，我国网民规模达到7.72亿，普及率达到55.8%，超过全球平均水平4.1个百分点。网民中学生群体占比最高，为32%。网络丰富了青少年学生的生活，但也带来了一些困扰与问题。思考：（1）网络带来了哪些问题？（6分）

（2）中央网信办在“中国好网民”系列活动专题网页“寄语中国好网民”专区集体在线留言，并为活动点赞。假如你也参与了“寄语中国好网民”留言，你会说些什么？（8分）

三、价值判断（对下列观点写出“正确”或“错误”，并阐明你的理由，每小题6分，共24分）

19.一滴水只有放在大海里才永远不会干涸，一个人只有在社会中才能不断进步。判断：（）

理由：_________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 20.规则只会限制人们的自由，如果没有规则的约束，我们的生活会更精彩。判断：()理由：__________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 21.小李交际广泛，经常带一些朋友到家里举行娱乐活动，唱歌跳舞至深夜，弄得四邻不安。邻居好言相劝他却置之不理，还说这是他的自由，他有娱乐的权利。判断：()理由：__________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 22.讲文明有礼貌是个人的私事，与他人无关，影响也不大。

判断：()理由:___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

四、实践探究题（16分）

23.某校八年级举办“诚信伴我成长”活动，请你参与。

我思考:请在这次主题活动中列举同学中普遍存在的诚信问题，以警示大家。（2分）

我分析：八年级的阮某某同学准备参加“诚信与中国梦”的演讲比赛，请你帮她整理为什么要在全社会加强诚信建设的要点。（8分）

我践行：活动接近尾声，心雨拿出未完成“真诚健康交往，构筑和谐社会” 倡议书，请你帮他一起完成。（6分）

倡议书

为了积极响应健康真诚交往的号召，营造健康文明和谐环境，努力建设和谐校园，特向全体师生发出如下倡议：

（1）_____________________________________________________（2）_____________________________________________________（3）_____________________________________________________ 希望大家切实行动起来，从我做起。只要人人都能参与，一定能创建和谐的校园！

倡议人：我校八年级全体学生

7.八年级政治练习试题篇七

1. Her sister was born ____ the evening of March 4, 1985.

A. onB. inC. atD. until

2. Next month the students in my class ____ a new English teacher.

A. are havingB. are going to have

C. haveD. had

3. The girl said she wanted to find a job ____ a nurse in the hospital.

A. to beB. beingC. asD. like

4. They are ____ the boy everywhere but they cannot find him.

A. looking afterB. watching forC. seeing atD. looking for

5. Yesterday we ____ to the movies and ____ Peter and Tom there.

A. go, meetB. went, met

C. are going, are going to meetD. are going to go, meet

6. Dad gets ____ every day and he is more athletic than I am.

A. a lot of exerciseB. many exercises

C. lots exercisesD. kind of exercise

7. In my opinion, your hair is ____ than Mary’s. Do you think so?

A. more shorterB. very shorter

C. much shorterD. a lot of short

8. We should eat ____ vegetables. It’s good for our health.

A. muchB. all kind ofC. a lotD. more

9. Here are the ____ survey results. Altogether we got more than 2,000 letters.

A. New Year ResolutionB. New Year Resolutions

C. New Year’s ResolutionD. New Year’s Resolutions

10. ——____ do you go to the movies with your family?

——Almost once a week.

A. How oftenB. How longC. How aboutD. How far

11. It is our job ____ our city ____. First, we shall build a bigger subway.

A. making, to be cleanB. to make, cleaner

C. of making, cleanerD. and make, be clean

12. You are leaving for Qingdao? Who are you going there ____?

A. forB. withC. toD. about

13. I really want to travel to some ____ places and see new things.

A. interestsB. interestC. interestedD. interesting

14. There are so many letters here. What are you going to ____ them?

A. do aboutB. do withC. talk aboutD. think of

15. There are five ____ in our school. What about your students?

A. exchanging studentsB. exchanges student

C. exchanged studentsD. exchange students

16. You are going to ____ every day if you want to be a basketball player.

A. practice basketballB. play the basketball

C. play a basketballD. practice the basktball

17. I want to be an actor so I’m going to ____ lessons.

A. taking actB. taking actsC. take actingD. have acts

18. We tried ____ any noise because Father was in the next room.

A. didn’t makeB. don’t makeC. not to makeD. make not

19. This box is very heavy. I think it is ____ heavy ____ move from here to there.

A. too, toB. so, toC. very, notD. much, not to

20. The clock just doesn’t work. What should we do ____?

A. so make it to workB. to make it work

C. so make it workingD. so it begins work

Ⅱ.据意填词

1. What can we do to help make the fashion show a ____?

2. The old man is nearly 60. He is going to ____ from the job.

3. Are you sure what you are going to ____ when you grow up?

4. John wants to be an ____ because he is good at acting.

5. Our school is going to ____ the 2008 International Speech Competition.

6. We’re not sure yet. ____ Beijing or Shanghai. What’s your idea?

7. In China, most of us speak ____. But some cannot speak it well.

8. Are you sure? If not, you may ____ it with your friends?

9. If you want to go to the college, you have to get good ____.

10. She said in the future she was going to find a job ____ a driver.

Ⅲ.句型转换

1. It has more than 500 cars, trucks, vans and buses, and even a tank.

It has ____ 500 cars, trucks, vans and buses, and even a tank.

2. Our job is to send the papers and magazines to the office.

____ our job ____ send the papers and magazines to the office.

3. Cindy’s room is very big. But Tom’s room is even bigger.

Tom’s room is even ____ ____ Cindy’s room.

4. This afternoon we are going to hold a party to welcome the sports stars.

This afternoon we are going to hold a ____ ____ for the sports stars.

5. They are going to move from Wuhan to Hangzhou after they finish high school.

They are going to move from Wuhan to Hangzhou ____ ____ ____.

Ⅳ.补全对话

A: __1__ are you going to be when you grow up, Jonathan?

B: I’m going to be a basketball player.

A: How are you going to __2__ that, then?

B: I’m going to practice basketball every day. I think __3__ this way, I can become a very good basketball player in the __4__.Elizabeth, how __5__ you?

A: I’m going to be a computer programmer.

B: Oh, great. I think you are going to __6__ computer science, right?

A: Ah, yes. Edward, I know that you are going to __7__ an airline pilot. Am I right?

C: Yes, you are right. __8__ an airline pilot is my dream job.

A: That sounds interesting. But __9__ my opinion, it is very dangerous. Do you think __10__?

C: Of course not. In fact airplane is the safest means of transportation.

Ⅴ.完形填空

It is very difficult for a young person to decide what he will __1__. Some people know that they __2__ doctors, teachers or workers when they are __3__ six years old. But __4__ of us will have no __5__ about an occupation __6__ someone or something makes us __7__ the problem.

Choosing an occupation __8__ time, and you have to __9__ a lot of things __10__ you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to __11__ special lessons for __12__ work, or __13__ you will __14__ to get some experience and knowledge for a job.

Fortunately, you can ask a lot of people __15__ advice and help when you are doing __16__. At most schools, there are teachers to give you __17__ on jobs. And you can talk __18__ your ideas with family members and friends. It is __19__ to make the decision yourself __20__ other people can help you with it.

1.A. doB. makeC. getD. give

2. A. must beB. will beC. have to beD. want to be

3. A. alreadyB. onlyC. stillD. even

4. A. some B. fewC. mostD. one

5. A. problem B. matterC. wayD. idea

6. A. when B. untilC. sinceD. after

7. A. face B. thinkC. findD. know

8. A. uses B. spendsC. takesD. wastes

9. A. think aboutB. talk aboutC. wait forD. look for

10. A. because B. onceC. whileD. as

11. A. teach B. hearC. haveD. know

12. A. a piece ofB. a kind ofC. a bit ofD. a lot of

13. A. howB. whyC. thatD. /

14. A. agreeB. likeC. decideD. need

15. A. aboutB. forC. toD. on

16. A. itB. thisC. soD. such

17. A. adviceB. helpC. booksD. lessons

18. A. overB. underC. withD. without

19. A. difficultB. usefulC. possibleD. important

20. A. ifB. thoughC. andD. but

Ⅵ.阅读理解

(A)

Most people have jobs. They go to work nearly every day. Some people are lucky(幸运的). Either(或者) they have very interesting jobs or they make a lot of money. Most people are not so lucky. Either their jobs are not very interesting or they don’t make much money.

The most interesting jobs are often the most difficult. People take a long time to learn how to do them. Doctors study for at least(至少) six years after finishing school.

Some young people have interesting and high-pay(高报酬) jobs. Many young players do their work successfully. Football and tennis stars are usually under thirty-five years old. Older people usually cannot play these sports very well. They cannot move fast enough. Golf, however, is a good sport for older people. Many golf players are quite old, but they can play it successfully.

Most people work until they are sixty or sixty-five years old. Then they retire and have a lot of free time. Some people never retire enough. These people usually have very interesting jobs. Writers, artists, scientists and actors usually work until they die(死亡). Their work is their lives.

根据短文内容，完成下列句子，每空一词。

1. Some ____ people have interesting or high-pay jobs, ____ most people don’t have such good luck.

2. Some jobs ____ a long time to learn because they are ____.

3. Young players can ____ very fast, so many of them play these ____ like football and tennis very ____.

4. Golf is a good sport for ____ people.

5. Most people keep working ____ the age of sixty or sixty-five. But writers, artists, scientists and actors can work all their ____.

(B)

Before you go to another country it is a great help if you know the language(语言) and some of the customs of the country.

When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say “How do you do？” and shake hands(握手). Usually they do not shake hands when they just meet or say goodbye. But they shake hands after they haven’t met for a long time or when they will be away from each other for a long time.

Last year a group of German students went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people hardly(几乎不) shake hands. So when they met their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned that the Germans shake hands as often as possible(可能的), so they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It makes both of them laugh.

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

1. It is ____ if you know the language and some of the customs of the country.

A. not usefulB. not helpfulC. very helpfulD. very hard

2. English people usually shake hands when they ____.

A. meet every timeB. meet for the first time

C. say goodbye to each otherD. say hello to each other

3. Usually English people don’t shake hands ____.

A. when they will be away for a long time

B. when they say “How do you do?”

C. when they just meet or say goodbye

D. after they haven’t met for a long time

4. Which is right? ____.